Startseite Clinical analysis of severe Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia: Case series study
Artikel Open Access

Clinical analysis of severe Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia: Case series study

  • Xi Zheng , Chonghao Wu , Bing Jiang , Guangmei Qin und Ming Zeng EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 26. September 2023
Artikel downloaden (PDF)
Open Life Sciences
Aus der Zeitschrift Open Life Sciences Band 18 Heft 1

Abstract

The clinical characteristics and diagnosis of ten cases with severe Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia were analyzed. Ten patients had high fever, cough, or diarrhea, and all had a history of contact with birds or poultry. The white blood cell count of the patients was normal or slightly increased. The percentage of neutrophils (N%) and C reactive protein of the patients were significantly increased. Chest computer tomography showed patchy consolidation of both lungs, with one-sided lung lobes prominent, and bronchial inflation signs. All the patients were admitted to the intensive care unit due to respiratory failure. Nine patients needed ventilator-assisted ventilation therapy, and one patient needed high-flow oxygen therapy. All patients had sepsis, and five patients developed septic shock. The patients were diagnosed with severe C. psittaci pneumonia by clinical manifestations and contact history. After timely adjustment of tetracycline-based treatment, eight patients recovered and were discharged, and two patients died of septic shock and respiratory failure. Patients with poultry contact should be cautious toward C. psittaci pneumonia. A better method for the detection of C. psittaci is metagenomic next-generation sequencing. Its examination can shorten the diagnosis time. In a later stage, large-sample research is needed to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Keywords: Chlamydia psittaci ; severe pneumonia; mNGS

1 Introduction

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most common infectious disease of the respiratory system. The different clinical characteristics of CAP in patients determine the severity of pneumonia, which can provide the choice of treatment, help to shorten the course of treatment, reduce the risk of death, and reduce the economic burden of patients [1]. Chlamydia psittaci can infect humans and a variety of animals and can be caused by direct or indirect human exposure to aerosols, feathers, dust, or respiratory secretions from the feces of infected birds [2]. In recent years, it has been reported in the literature that C. psittaci pneumonia accounts for approximately 1% of CAP [3]. The clinical manifestations of C. psittacosis pneumonia are diverse, and the typical clinical manifestations are high fever, chills, headache, myalgia, cough, and pulmonary infiltrative lesions [4]. The general symptoms are similar to those of a cold or respiratory infection. Although pneumonia is the most common manifestation, severe patients often accumulate pathogens in the liver or heart, leading to multiple organ dysfunction [5]. Conventional inspection methods cannot identify pathogens, but metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) technology can detect rare pathogens early, thereby reducing unnecessary antibiotic use and shortening hospitalization time [6]. This article analyzes and summarizes the clinical characteristics of severe C. psittacosis pneumonia, hoping to enable clinicians to have a better understanding of C. psittacosis pneumonia, which has certain guiding value for clinical work.

2 Methods

2.1 Study design

A retrospective analysis of ten patients with severe C. psittaci pneumonia admitted to Yongchuan Hospital Affiliated with Chongqing Medical University from May 2019 to May 2021. Demographic and clinical data of patients were collected, including age, gender, epidemiological contact history, clinical manifestations, laboratory data and imaging data; clinical prognosis and follow-up data were collected. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Yongchuan Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, and all data were processed anonymously.

  1. Informed consent: Informed consent has been obtained from all individuals included in this study.

  2. Ethical approval: The research related to human use complied with all the relevant national regulations, and institutional policies, and is in accordance with the tenets of the Helsinki Declaration, and has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Yongchuan Hospital Affiliated with Chongqing Medical University.

2.2 Observation record indicators

The observation record indicators are as follows: (1) epidemiological data; (2) Clinical data: age, gender, underlying diseases; clinical symptoms: fever, cough, diarrhea, time from onset to admission, time to respiratory failure, intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization time, total length of hospital stay, and assisted ventilation, and prognosis; (3) laboratory data: oxygenation index (OI); infection indicators: white blood cell (WBC), C reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), platelets; blood biochemical indicators: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), sputum culture, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid culture, and mNGS etiological results; and (4) electron computed tomography.

2.3 Diagnosis and definition

According to the 2016 edition of Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of adult CAP [1], CAP is divided into non-severe CAP and severe CAP. Severe CAP criteria included the following: those who meet one of the following major criteria or ≥3 minor criteria; the major criteria are as follows: (1) mechanical ventilation with tracheal intubation is required and (2) septic shock still needs vasoactive drug therapy after active fluid resuscitation. Secondary criteria included the following: (1) respiratory rate ≥30 breaths/min; (2) OI ≤250 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa); (3) multilobar infiltration; (4) disturbance of consciousness and/or disorientation; (5) blood urea nitrogen ≥7.14 mmol/L; and (6) systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg requires active fluid resuscitation. Sepsis is defined by the 2016 Sepsis 3.0 guidelines as a dysregulated body response to infection, resulting in life-threatening organ dysfunction [7]. Septic shock is defined as sepsis as circulatory and cellular metabolic disturbances that are severe enough to increase mortality and require vasopressors to maintain mean arterial pressure of 65 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa), when hypovolemia is excluded, and blood lactate >2 mmol/L in the absence of hypovolemia.

3 Results

3.1 Patient characteristics

Six men and four women with severe C. psittaci pneumonia were identified in the age range of 43–72 years (Table 1). All patients were positive for C. psittaci DNA fragments by mNGS from bronchoalveolar lavage specimens. Three patients had a history of contact with birds, and seven patients had contact with poultry. Three patients had a history of diabetes mellitus, one patient had a history of coronary heart disease, two patients had a history of hypertension, and one patient had a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eight patients started with high fever, accompanied by chills, remittent fever higher than 39°C, cough, no obvious expectoration, accompanied by fatigue, limb muscle pain, two patients with diarrhea accompanied by heart, vomiting, followed by fever, and all patients developed progressive breathing difficulty (Table 1).

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of the ten patients

Case Age (years) and gender Onset time (day) Underlying diseases History of avian or poultry contact Symptoms
1 67 F 5 Diabetes Long-term poultry raising Fever, dyspnea, and diarrhea
2 64 M 4 Diabetes Frequent visits to the market Fever, cough, and vertigo
3 48 M 10 Hypertension Long-term poultry raising Fever, cough, and expectoration
4 66 F 4 COPD Long-term poultry raising Fever, cough, and weakness
5 66 F 5 None Swallow’s nest at home Fever, cough, and diarrhea
6 43 M 20 Diabetes Pigeon breeder Fever, cough, and diarrhea
7 72 F 2 Coronary heart disease Contact with plague chickens Fever, cough, and expectoration,
8 50 F 2 None Poultry butcher Fever, dyspnea, and vomiting
9 54 M 5 None Long-term poultry raising Fever, cough, and diarrhea
10 69 F 7 Hypertension Kept parrots at home Fever and diarrhea

On admission, the WBC was generally normal or slightly elevated (7.6 ± 1.91) × 109, the percentage of neutrophils N% was 87.67 ± 11.6%, the procalcitonin (PCT) level increased to 3.0 ± 4.2 ng/mL, and the level of CRP increased to 176.2 ± 66.5 mg/L. One patient had decreased platelets; eight patients had increased AST and ALT; and five patients had increased CK and LDH (Table 2). All ten patients had respiratory failure, and the OI was less than 200 mmHg, of which three patients had OI <100 mmHg. All patients were evaluated as having severe pneumonia of C. psittaci, with an average acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score of 22 (21–23), and a Sequential Organ Failure Assessment Score (SOFA) was 8 (6–9) points; all patients suffered from sepsis, of which five patients had septic shock. The time from onset to respiratory failure was 5 (4–7.5) days, eight patients received invasive ventilator-assisted ventilation after tracheal intubation, one patient received non-invasive ventilator-assisted ventilation, and one patient was given high-flow oxygen therapy, breathing machine support time was 10 (9–15) days. The length of stay in the ICU was 8.5 (4.5–15.8) days, and the total length of stay was 18 (11.75–25) days (Table 3).

Table 2

Laboratory parameters of the 14 patients

Case WBC (×109/L, 3.5–9.5) CRP (mg/L, ＜10) PCT (µg/mL, 0–0.5) N (%, 40–75) PLT (×109/L, 100–300) CK (U/L, 55–170) LDH (U/L, 313–618) ALT (U/L, 9–50) AST (U/L, 15–40)
1 9.3 213 1.56 97.3 104 5,317 2,182 302 566
2 5.4 147 3.99 91.4 78 256 1,219 70 149
3 6.2 16.6 0.07 71.8 486 81 925 176 216
4 6.2 124.4 0.83 91.8 121 69 601 94 56
5 8.2 188.1 5.56 97.6 381 71 1,338 120 192
6 11 234 0.98 89.3 198 20 2,299 322 538
7 6.3 208 1.87 61.9 237 43 381 27 30
8 10 254 1.38 88.8 147 194 232 41 42
9 7.1 188.1 13.79 92.1 138 528 3,356 149 468
10 6.3 193 1.77 94.7 195 225 2,252 513 828

WBC: white blood cell count; CRP: C-reactive protein; PCT: procalcitonin; N%: neutrophil percentage; CK: creatine kinase; LDH: lactate dehydrogenase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase; and AST: aspartate aminotransferase.

Table 3

Treatment and outcome of ten patients with severe C. psittaci pneumonia

Case OI (400–500) SOFA APACHE II Sepsis Septic shock Supportive treatment Supportive time (days) ICU admission time (days) Length of hospital stay (days)
1 70 9 24 Yes None Mechanical ventilation 7 15 25
2 187 8 23 Yes None Mechanical ventilation 7 11 23
3 150 5 18 Yes None High flow oxygen — 3 14
4 150 5 22 Yes Yes Non-invasive ventilator 5 5 16
5 102 7 21 Yes Yes Mechanical ventilation 19 20 20
6 132 7 21 Yes Yes Mechanical ventilation 10 15 26
7 164 8 23 Yes None Mechanical ventilation 10 18 25
8 200 6 16 Yes None High flow oxygen — 6 16
9 84 8 26 Yes Yes Mechanical ventilation 5 5 5
10 63 10 21 Yes Yes Mechanical ventilation 2 2 2
Median (range) or (mean ± SD) 130.2 ± 48 8 (6–9) 22 (21–23) — — — 10 (9–15) 8.5 (4.5–15.75) 18 (11.75–25)

OI: oxygenation index; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Score; APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Score II.

3.2 Bronchoscopy and imaging features

Bronchoscopy showed that the bronchus was mainly manifested as airway mucosal congestion with edema, and a small amount of white or yellow sticky sputum was seen in the segmental bronchi. The chest computer tomography (CT) of eight patients showed multiple patches and flaky slightly high-density blurred shadows and consolidation shadows in both lungs, and the edges were not clear. The unilateral lung was marked with high-density exudation and consolidation shadows, and some lesions were also seen in the bronchus. Inflatable sign: one patient presented with unilateral large patchy consolidation in the upper lobe of the right lung. Only one patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease showed multiple patchy ground-glass opacities and grid opacities in the right lung. Six patients had bilateral pleural effusion, three patients had unilateral pleural effusion, and one patient had no pleural effusion. After effective treatment in eight patients, the inflammatory lesions were basically completely absorbed, and there was no residual organized fibrous tissue. Two patients died within a short period of time in hospital due to critical condition, and CT scan was not repeated (Table 4 and Figures 1–5).

Table 4

Bronchoscopy and imaging features of ten patients with severe C. psittaci pneumonia

Case Bronchoscope CT signs Lobar lesions Pleural effusion Outcome
1 Left lung mucosa is congested with leukoplakia and mucous sputum Multiple patchy lungs in both lungs and the left lung was obvious Double Left Absorb
2 Airway mucosa is congested with thick yellow sputum and bloody secretions Multiple patchy shadows were seen in both lungs, with consolidation in the lower lobe of the left lung Double Double Absorb
3 Right bronchial mucosa hyperemia with thin white secretions Multiple patchy ground-glass opacities and grid opacities in the right lung Right None Absorb
4 Tracheal mucosa swelling and congestion, sticky phlegm Patchy high-density shadows were seen in the medial segment of the right middle lobe and the upper and lower lobes of the left lung Double Left Absorb
5 Bilateral tracheal mucosa hyperemia, white jelly-like sputum can be seen Multiple plaques and consolidation shadows in both lungs Double Double Absorb
6 Yellow sticky phlegm Scattered patchy and flaky high-density shadows were seen in both lungs Double Double Absorb
7 Airway congestion with visible bloody discharge Multiple patches in both lungs Double Double Absorb
8 Viscous secretion in the right upper lobe bronchus Patchy consolidation with air bronchus sign in the right lung Right Double Absorb
9 Viscous yellow sputum can be seen in each segment of the lower lobes of both lungs Multiple patchy shadows in both lungs Double Left Unhealed
10 Mucosal congestion, white foamy sputum in both lungs Multiple patches and lamellar consolidations in both lungs Double Double Unhealed
Figure 1 The CT image of case 1. Picture (a) (2020.10.19) is admission D12 and DOX D4 is used, showing multiple patchy and nodular increased density shadows in both lungs, the left lung is obvious, and the left pleural effusion. Picture (b) (2020.10.28) shows admission D22, DOX D14, and the lesions in both lungs were obviously absorbed. Picture (c) (2020.12.07) was reviewed 1 month after discharge, and the lesions in both lungs were completely absorbed.
Figure 1

The CT image of case 1. Picture (a) (2020.10.19) is admission D12 and DOX D4 is used, showing multiple patchy and nodular increased density shadows in both lungs, the left lung is obvious, and the left pleural effusion. Picture (b) (2020.10.28) shows admission D22, DOX D14, and the lesions in both lungs were obviously absorbed. Picture (c) (2020.12.07) was reviewed 1 month after discharge, and the lesions in both lungs were completely absorbed.

Figure 2 The CT image of case 2. Picture (a) (2020.12.18) is the admission D1, pleural effusion in both lungs, exudation, consolidation, and exudation in the lower lobe of the left lung. (b) Picture (2020.12.29) is the admission D12, Dorsey cyclin D4, the pleural effusion in both lungs was completely absorbed, and the lesions in the lower lobe of the left lung were significantly reduced. Picture (c) (2021.03.11) was reviewed 2 months after discharge, and no obvious lesions were found in both lungs.
Figure 2

The CT image of case 2. Picture (a) (2020.12.18) is the admission D1, pleural effusion in both lungs, exudation, consolidation, and exudation in the lower lobe of the left lung. (b) Picture (2020.12.29) is the admission D12, Dorsey cyclin D4, the pleural effusion in both lungs was completely absorbed, and the lesions in the lower lobe of the left lung were significantly reduced. Picture (c) (2021.03.11) was reviewed 2 months after discharge, and no obvious lesions were found in both lungs.

Figure 3 CT image of case 6. Picture (a) (2019.07.23) is admission D10, DOX D9, multiple infectious lesions in both lungs and bilateral pleural effusion. Picture (b) (2019.08.06) is admission D27, DOX sulfur D26, and the infection lesions in both lungs were reduced. Picture (c) (2019.08.27) was re-examined 3 weeks after discharge, and the lesions in both lungs were significantly absorbed compared to before.
Figure 3

CT image of case 6. Picture (a) (2019.07.23) is admission D10, DOX D9, multiple infectious lesions in both lungs and bilateral pleural effusion. Picture (b) (2019.08.06) is admission D27, DOX sulfur D26, and the infection lesions in both lungs were reduced. Picture (c) (2019.08.27) was re-examined 3 weeks after discharge, and the lesions in both lungs were significantly absorbed compared to before.

Figure 4 CT images (a1) and (a2) of case 5 (2020.12.26) are on the first day of admission, with multiple patches and patchy slightly high-density shadows and consolidation shadows in both lungs, with air bronchus sign, and bilateral pleural effusion. (b1) and (b2) (2021.01.11) show the admission D16, DOX D13, and the bilateral lung infection lesions are less than before.
Figure 4

CT images (a1) and (a2) of case 5 (2020.12.26) are on the first day of admission, with multiple patches and patchy slightly high-density shadows and consolidation shadows in both lungs, with air bronchus sign, and bilateral pleural effusion. (b1) and (b2) (2021.01.11) show the admission D16, DOX D13, and the bilateral lung infection lesions are less than before.

Figure 5 CT images (a1) and (a2) of case 7 (2021. 02.23) are admission D8, DOX D1, bilateral lung infection. (b1), (b2) (2021.03.04) are admission D18, DOX D11, and the bilateral lung infection lesions were slightly reduced. Pictures (c1) and (c2) (2021.03.27) were re-examined 2 weeks after discharge, and the bilateral lung lesions were significantly absorbed.
Figure 5

CT images (a1) and (a2) of case 7 (2021. 02.23) are admission D8, DOX D1, bilateral lung infection. (b1), (b2) (2021.03.04) are admission D18, DOX D11, and the bilateral lung infection lesions were slightly reduced. Pictures (c1) and (c2) (2021.03.27) were re-examined 2 weeks after discharge, and the bilateral lung lesions were significantly absorbed.

3.3 Etiological results

All patients underwent bronchoscopy, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected and sent for mNGS examination. The time from admission to the detection of C. psittacosis was 6.5 days. All patients underwent sputum culture after admission, and the first sputum culture results were negative, and no bacterial growth was found. Acinetobacter baumannii was cultured in the sputum of five patients (Table 5).

Table 5

Treatment and outcome of 14 patients with severe C. psittaci pneumonia

Case Time from admission to diagnosis (days) mNGS C. psittaci reads (n) mNGS other pathogens read (n) Culture results Antibiotics before diagnosis Antibiotics after diagnosis Length of hospital stay (days) Outcome
1 6 7,354 Corynebacterium gluconolytica (286) Acinetobacter baumannii IPM + LVX IPM + DOX 25 Survived
2 6 895 None Acinetobacter baumannii IPM + MXF IPM + DOX 23 Survived
3 9 1,893 None None MEM CSL + DOX 14 Survived
4 6 2,634 Staphylococcus aureus (185) None TZP + TGC TZP + TGC 16 Survived
5 5 952 None Acinetobacter baumannii TZP + MXF TZP + DOX 20 Survived
6 4 2,972 None Acinetobacter baumannii IPM + MXF LVX + DOX 26 Survived
7 7 4,670 Candida albicans (703) Acinetobacter baumannii TZP + TGC IPM + DOX 25 Survived
8 4 490 Aspergillus fumigatus (2) None TZP + MXF TZP + DOX 16 Survived
9 5 837 Streptococcus gallus (149) Acinetobacter baumannii IPM + LVX IPM + DOX 5 Death
10 3 3,835 Propionibacterium acnes (4) None TZP + MXF NA* 2 Death

DOX = doxycycline, IPM = imipenem, LVX = levofloxacin, MEM = meropenem, MXF = moxifloxacin, NA = not applicable, TZP = piperacillin-tazobactam, TGC = tigecycline, CSL = culbactam and cefoperazone. *The patient died before the mNGC results were reported.

3.4 Treatment

After admission, all patients were given empiric anti-infective therapy with carbapenems and quinolones according to the adult CAP guidelines [8]. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected and sent to mNGS for examination. It took 48–72 h from mNGS collection to reporting results. When C. psittacosis pneumonia is diagnosed, tetracyclines with higher intracellular activity are selected [9], so that the anti-infection regimen is adjusted to doxycycline (DOX) or tigecycline (TGC). The patient was also treated with imipenem, cilastatin, piperacillin sodium, tazobactam, cefoperazone sodium, sulbactam sodium, or levofloxacin for anti-infection (Table 5).

3.5 Prognosis

After the addition of tetracycline (DOX or TGC) in seven patients, their body temperature decreased, their symptoms improved, and they finally recovered and were discharged from the hospital. One patient still had recurrent fever after adding DOX, and the chest CT showed new lesions. After resubmission of mNGS, the patient was complicated with Candida albicans infection. Therefore, after adding voriconazole, the patient’s body temperature gradually decreased. One patient died because of bacteremia, septic shock, and DOX treatment, and another patient died due to uncorrectable respiratory failure and complications such as septic shock (Table 5).

4 Discussion

C. psittaci is an obligate intracellular Gram-negative pathogen commonly found in birds and poultry. Humans can become infected through direct inhalation or indirect exposure to infected bird secretions, aerosols of dry feces, or feather dust [4]. Pneumonia caused by C. psittaci has been reported to account for 1% of CAP in adults [3]. The exact incidence and prevalence of C. psittaci are difficult to determine due to the lack of routine testing and diagnostic methods [10]. With the development of detection technology and the popularity of mNGS, the incidence of C. psittaci is gradually increasing. The source of infection is not only limited to psittacidae birds but also includes poultry, etc. People become sick after contact with infected birds or birds [11]. All ten patients considered in this study have a history of recent exposure, among which four patients have a history of exposure to birds (parrots, pigeons, swallows), and six patients have a history of exposure to poultry (chickens, ducks). Therefore, for patients with a history of contact with birds or infected birds, it is necessary to be alert to the possibility of infection with atypical pathogens, especially C. psittaci.

At present, domestic and foreign literature studies have also reported cases of C. psittacosis pneumonia [12,13], and the clinical manifestations and severity of the disease vary. Therefore, we collected the data of ten patients with severe C. psittaci pneumonia in our hospital in the last 2 years and found that their clinical characteristics were different from those reported in the past. Previous studies have reported cases without ventilator support. The patients we included all started with high fever or diarrhea, accompanied by general symptoms such as cough, less phlegm, limb weakness, and dizziness. The disease progressed rapidly, and soon respiratory failure occurred, and the progression to severe pneumonia required ventilator-assisted ventilation treatment. This is similar to that reported by Chen et al. [6]. However, in general, the clinical symptoms of C. psittaci infection are not specific, and other laboratory and imaging evidence should be combined to support a definite diagnosis.

It has been reported in the literature [14,15] that patients with psittacosis have a normal WBC with a “left shift of the nucleus” and a significantly elevated CRP. In this study, only one patient had slightly higher WBC, and the rest had normal WBC. N% and PCT were increased in all patients, and CRP was significantly increased. This may be related to the greater pathogenicity of C. psittaci than other Chlamydia [16]. And because the included patients were all in severe condition, they were in the stage of systemic inflammatory response in the early stage of the disease, so inflammatory indicators such as CRP were significantly increased. Eight patients had abnormal ALT, AST, CK, and LDH, and the results were similar to those of Chen et al. [2]. Patients with severe infection are accompanied by endotoxemia, and a large number of inflammatory mediators are released into the blood, which leads to the imbalance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory bodies, resulting in incomplete metabolism of multiple organs in the body, and then abnormal liver enzymes, cardiac enzymes, and other indicators [17].

Image characteristics of parrot fever are not uniform. Studies have shown that unilateral lower lobe consolidation is more common on chest CT in patients with C. psittacosis pneumonia, which can develop into bilateral consolidation later [18]. Itoh et al. [19] found that the infection of C. psittacosis is dominated by ground-glass opacities, bilateral lung lesions are more common, bronchopneumonia and small nodules are rare, and a small number of patients have pleural effusion. Chest CT showed that some lesions had consolidation nodules and ground-glass degeneration. After the disease improved, the lesions on the chest CT could be completely absorbed without interstitial fibrosis [15]. In this study, most of the patients on the chest CT mainly showed patchy dense opacities involving multiple lobes on both sides. The majority of patients presented with small bilateral pleural effusions, which differs from previous studies. The reason may be that the patients included in this study were all critically ill patients, and most of the patients were transferred to our hospital for diagnosis and treatment. In general, there is no obvious specificity in imaging of C. psittacosis pneumonia, but the combination of clinical features and laboratory data can still accurately identify C. psittacosis infection.

In recent years, with the continuous development of mNGS technology, mNGS has been widely used in infectious diseases. Atypical pathogens in the lungs such as Pneumocystis jirovecii, Legionella, etc. can often be found [20,21]. Previous studies have not found the presence of C. psittaci contamination or background bacteria in respiratory specimens [22]. Therefore, once the sequence is detected, C. psittaci infection needs to be considered. In this study, the sequence of C. psittacosis was detected by mNGS in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of ten patients, and severe C. psittacosis pneumonia was diagnosed based on epidemiology and clinical manifestations of exposure history. The average time from admission to the detection of C. psittaci was 6.5 days, and the detection time was related to the severity of the patient’s condition, the effect of empirical treatment, and the willingness of family members. In addition, mNGS can also identify other bacterial and viral infections in critically ill patients. In addition to the detection of C. psittaci, the mNGS results in this study also detected pathogens such as Corynebacterium gluconolytica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Aspergillus fumigatus, which need to be combined with clinical manifestations and imaging examinations, and laboratory results were further confirmed to be the causative pathogen.

C. psittaci belongs to the Chlamydia family [23], and tetracyclines, macrolides, and quinolones that interfere with DNA and protein synthesis can be selected as antimicrobial therapy [24]. The first choice for the treatment of C. psittacosis is tetracycline antibiotics, mainly DOX. If there are contraindications, macrolides are the second choice. Fluoroquinolones also have a certain effect on psittacosis but much lower than the first two categories. Eight of the ten patients included in this study were treated with DOX after the diagnosis of C. psittaci pneumonia, and one patient was not treated with TGC according to CAP guidelines before the presentation of mNGS results. Fever and the re-examination of the infection indicators gradually returned to normal, so DOX was not switched. In this study, eight patients were diagnosed with C. psittaci infection and adjusted their anti-infection regimen in time, and they were eventually cured and discharged. One patient died of septic shock due to secondary bacteremia, and the other patient died of septic shock due to older age and respiratory failure that could not be corrected after tracheal intubation and ventilator-assisted ventilation. Eventually, death occurred before mNGS results were reported. According to clinical experience, pneumonia onset with high fever, especially patients with a history of contact with poultry or birds, should be highly suspected of infection with atypical pathogens such as C. psittaci when the treatment effect of broad-spectrum antibiotics is poor and should be treated as soon as possible with DOX. In general, targeted treatment of C. psittaci pneumonia has a good prognosis, while for critically ill patients with a prolonged disease course, bacterial and fungal infections may occur secondary to complications, and the prognosis is poor.

The limitation of this study is that it only included ten patients with severe C. psittacosis pneumonia, and the sample size is small enough to study all the characteristics of C. psittacosis pneumonia. This is a retrospective study, and no other detection methods such as PCR, serological testing, and sputum culture were used to confirm the diagnosis [25]. Our hospital is the central hospital of the Yuxi area, and most of the patients admitted are critically ill patients or those who have been referred from surrounding hospitals. Therefore, the results of the study may be more severe.

5 Conclusion

C. psittaci pneumonia is increasingly becoming common in clinical practice. The disease progresses rapidly, and it is easy to develop into severe pneumonia and even combined with multiple organ dysfunction. When the clinical manifestations of pneumonia patients are fever and dry cough, it is necessary to carefully ask whether there is a history of contact with birds and poultry. mNGS examination can shorten the diagnosis time, and tetracycline drugs such as DOX can be added as soon as possible. In the later stage, large-sample multi-center research is needed to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their contribution to the improvement of the manuscript.

  1. Funding information: The study was partially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Yongchuan District, Chongqing (Ycstc 2020nb0213).

  2. Author contributions: All authors made a significant contribution to the work reported, whether that is in the conception, study design, execution, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation, or in all these areas; took part in drafting, revising or critically reviewing the article; gave final approval of the version to be published; have agreed on the journal towhich the article has been submitted; and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

  3. Conflict of interest: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Data availability statement: The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

References

[1] Cao B, Huang Y, She DY, Cheng QJ, Fan H, Tian XL, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in adults: 2016 clinical practice guidelines by the Chinese Thoracic Society, Chinese Medical Association. Clin Respir J. 2018;12(4):1320–60.10.1111/crj.12674Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[2] Huang W, Hu S, Zhu Y, Liu S, Zhou X, Fang Y, et al. Metagenomic surveillance and comparative genomic analysis of Chlamydia psittaci in patients with pneumonia. Front Microbiol. 2023;14:1157888.10.3389/fmicb.2023.1157888Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[3] Hogerwerf L, De Gier B, Baan B, Van Der Hoek W. Chlamydia psittaci (psittacosis) as a cause of community-acquired pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Epidemiol Infect. 2017;145(15):3096–105.10.1017/S0950268817002060Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[4] Hocking JS, Geisler WM, Kong FYS. Update on the epidemiology, screening, and management of Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2023;37(2):267–88.10.1016/j.idc.2023.02.007Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[5] Zhang H, Zhan D, Chen D, Huang W, Yu M, Li Q, et al. Next-generation sequencing diagnosis of severe pneumonia from fulminant psittacosis with multiple organ failure: a case report and literature review. Ann Transl Med. 2020;8(6):401.10.21037/atm.2020.03.17Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[6] Chen X, Cao K, Wei Y, Qian Y, Liang J, Dong D, et al. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of severe pneumonias caused by Chlamydia psittaci. Infection. 2020;48(4):535–42.10.1007/s15010-020-01429-0Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[7] Yang WS, Kang HD, Jung SK, Lee YJ, Oh SH, Kim YJ, et al. A mortality analysis of septic shock, vasoplegic shock and cryptic shock classified by the third international consensus definitions (Sepsis-3). Clin Respir J. 2020;14(9):857–63.10.1111/crj.13218Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[8] Mandell LA, Wunderink RG, Anzueto A, Bartlett JG, Campbell GD, Dean NC, et al. Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society consensus guidelines on the management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;44(Suppl 2):S27–72.10.1086/511159Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[9] Balsamo G, Maxted AM, Midla JW, Murphy JM, Wohrle R, Edling TM, et al. Compendium of measures to control Chlamydia psittaci infection among humans (Psittacosis) and pet birds (Avian Chlamydiosis), 2017. J Avian Med Surg. 2017;31(3):262–82.10.1647/217-265Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[10] Rybarczyk J, Versteele C, Lernout T, Vanrompay D. Human psittacosis: A review with emphasis on surveillance in Belgium. Acta Clin Belg. 2020;75(1):42–8.10.1080/17843286.2019.1590889Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[11] Shi Y, Chen J, Shi X, Hu J, Li H, Li X, et al. A case of Chlamydia psittaci caused severe pneumonia and meningitis diagnosed by metagenome next-generation sequencing and clinical analysis: a case report and literature review. BMC Infect Dis. 2021;21(1):621.10.1186/s12879-021-06205-5Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[12] Deng F, Lin Q, Xu X, Li C, Xu J, Nie H. A case report of healthcare-associated psittacosis. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2023;17(4):571–7.10.3855/jidc.17241Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[13] Chau S, Tso EY, Leung WS, Fung KS. Three cases of atypical pneumonia caused by Chlamydophila psittaci. Hong Kong Med J. 2015;21(3):272–5.10.12809/hkmj144321Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[14] Spoorenberg SM, Bos WJ, van Hannen EJ, Dijkstra F, Heddema ER, van Velzen-Blad H, et al. Chlamydia psittaci: A relevant cause of community-acquired pneumonia in two Dutch hospitals. Neth J Med. 2016;74(2):75–81.Suche in Google Scholar

[15] Huang Y, Zheng W, Gan W, Zhang T. Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia: A clinical analysis of 12 patients. Ann Transl Med. 2023;11(3):144.10.21037/atm-22-6624Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[16] Knittler MR, Sachse K. Chlamydia psittaci: Update on an underestimated zoonotic agent. Pathog Dis. 2015;73(1):1–15.10.1093/femspd/ftu007Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[17] Ziesmann MT, Marshall JC. Multiple organ dysfunction: The defining syndrome of sepsis. Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2018;19(2):184–90.10.1089/sur.2017.298Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[18] Heddema ER, van Hannen EJ, Duim B, de Jongh BM, Kaan JA, van Kessel R, et al. An outbreak of psittacosis due to Chlamydophila psittaci genotype A in a veterinary teaching hospital. J Med Microbiol. 2006;55(Pt 11):1571–5.10.1099/jmm.0.46692-0Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[19] Itoh I, Ishida T, Hashimoto T, Arita M, Osawa M, Tachibana H, et al. [Chest radiograph of atypical pneumonia: Comparison among Chlamydia pneumoniae. Pneumonia, ornithosis, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia]. Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 2000;74(11):954–60.10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.74.954Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[20] Zhang Y, Ai JW, Cui P, Zhang WH, Wu HL, Ye MZ. A cluster of cases of pneumocystis pneumonia identified by shotgun metagenomics approach. J Infect. 2019;78(2):158–69.10.1016/j.jinf.2018.08.013Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[21] Huang Y, Ma Y, Miao Q, Pan J, Hu B, Gong Y, et al. Arthritis caused by Legionella micdadei and Staphylococcus aureus: metagenomic next-generation sequencing provides a rapid and accurate access to diagnosis and surveillance. Ann Transl Med. 2019;7(20):589.10.21037/atm.2019.09.81Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[22] Miao Q, Ma Y, Wang Q, Pan J, Zhang Y, Jin W, et al. Microbiological diagnostic performance of metagenomic next-generation sequencing when applied to clinical practice. Clin Infect Dis. 2018;67(suppl_2):S231–40.10.1093/cid/ciy693Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[23] Sachse K, Bavoil PM, Kaltenboeck B, Stephens RS, Kuo CC, Rossello-Mora R, et al. Emendation of the family Chlamydiaceae: Proposal of a single genus, Chlamydia, to include all currently recognized species. Syst Appl Microbiol. 2015;38(2):99–103.10.1016/j.syapm.2014.12.004Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[24] Cantor A, Dana T, Griffin JC, Nelson HD, Weeks C, Winthrop KL, et al. Screening for Chlamydial and Gonococcal Infections: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force. JAMA. 2021;326(10):957–66.10.1001/jama.2021.10577Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[25] Gu L, Liu W, Ru M, Lin J, Yu G, Ye J, et al. The application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in diagnosing Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia: A report of five cases. BMC Pulm Med. 2020;20(1):65.10.1186/s12890-020-1098-xSuche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

Received: 2022-12-27
Revised: 2023-06-25
Accepted: 2023-07-30
Published Online: 2023-09-26

© 2023 the author(s), published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Biomedical Sciences
  2. Systemic investigation of inetetamab in combination with small molecules to treat HER2-overexpressing breast and gastric cancers
  3. Immunosuppressive treatment for idiopathic membranous nephropathy: An updated network meta-analysis
  4. Identifying two pathogenic variants in a patient with pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy
  5. Effects of phytoestrogens combined with cold stress on sperm parameters and testicular proteomics in rats
  6. A case of pulmonary embolism with bad warfarin anticoagulant effects caused by E. coli infection
  7. Neutrophilia with subclinical Cushing’s disease: A case report and literature review
  8. Isoimperatorin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced periodontitis by downregulating ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathways
  9. Immunoregulation of synovial macrophages for the treatment of osteoarthritis
  10. Novel CPLANE1 c.8948dupT (p.P2984Tfs*7) variant in a child patient with Joubert syndrome
  11. Antiphospholipid antibodies and the risk of thrombosis in myeloproliferative neoplasms
  12. Immunological responses of septic rats to combination therapy with thymosin α1 and vitamin C
  13. High glucose and high lipid induced mitochondrial dysfunction in JEG-3 cells through oxidative stress
  14. Pharmacological inhibition of the ubiquitin-specific protease 8 effectively suppresses glioblastoma cell growth
  15. Levocarnitine regulates the growth of angiotensin II-induced myocardial fibrosis cells via TIMP-1
  16. Age-related changes in peripheral T-cell subpopulations in elderly individuals: An observational study
  17. Single-cell transcription analysis reveals the tumor origin and heterogeneity of human bilateral renal clear cell carcinoma
  18. Identification of iron metabolism-related genes as diagnostic signatures in sepsis by blood transcriptomic analysis
  19. Long noncoding RNA ACART knockdown decreases 3T3-L1 preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation
  20. Surgery, adjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy and radiotherapy for primary malignant melanoma of the parotid gland (PGMM): A case report
  21. Dosimetry comparison with helical tomotherapy, volumetric modulated arc therapy, and intensity-modulated radiotherapy for grade II gliomas: A single‑institution case series
  22. Soy isoflavone reduces LPS-induced acute lung injury via increasing aquaporin 1 and aquaporin 5 in rats
  23. Refractory hypokalemia with sexual dysplasia and infertility caused by 17α-hydroxylase deficiency and triple X syndrome: A case report
  24. Meta-analysis of cancer risk among end stage renal disease undergoing maintenance dialysis
  25. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase inhibition arrests growth and induces apoptosis in gastric cancer via AMPK activation and oxidative stress
  26. Experimental study on the optimization of ANM33 release in foam cells
  27. Primary retroperitoneal angiosarcoma: A case report
  28. Metabolomic analysis-identified 2-hydroxybutyric acid might be a key metabolite of severe preeclampsia
  29. Malignant pleural effusion diagnosis and therapy
  30. Effect of spaceflight on the phenotype and proteome of Escherichia coli
  31. Comparison of immunotherapy combined with stereotactic radiotherapy and targeted therapy for patients with brain metastases: A systemic review and meta-analysis
  32. Activation of hypermethylated P2RY1 mitigates gastric cancer by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation
  33. Association between the VEGFR-2 -604T/C polymorphism (rs2071559) and type 2 diabetic retinopathy
  34. The role of IL-31 and IL-34 in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic periodontitis
  35. Triple-negative mouse breast cancer initiating cells show high expression of beta1 integrin and increased malignant features
  36. mNGS facilitates the accurate diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of suspicious critical CNS infection in real practice: A retrospective study
  37. The apatinib and pemetrexed combination has antitumor and antiangiogenic effects against NSCLC
  38. Radiotherapy for primary thyroid adenoid cystic carcinoma
  39. Design and functional preliminary investigation of recombinant antigen EgG1Y162–EgG1Y162 against Echinococcus granulosus
  40. Effects of losartan in patients with NAFLD: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial
  41. Bibliometric analysis of METTL3: Current perspectives, highlights, and trending topics
  42. Performance comparison of three scaling algorithms in NMR-based metabolomics analysis
  43. PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and its related molecules participate in PROK1 silence-induced anti-tumor effects on pancreatic cancer
  44. The altered expression of cytoskeletal and synaptic remodeling proteins during epilepsy
  45. Effects of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on lymphocytes and white blood cells of patients with malignant tumor
  46. Prostatitis as initial manifestation of Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia diagnosed by metagenome next-generation sequencing: A case report
  47. NUDT21 relieves sevoflurane-induced neurological damage in rats by down-regulating LIMK2
  48. Association of interleukin-10 rs1800896, rs1800872, and interleukin-6 rs1800795 polymorphisms with squamous cell carcinoma risk: A meta-analysis
  49. Exosomal HBV-DNA for diagnosis and treatment monitoring of chronic hepatitis B
  50. Shear stress leads to the dysfunction of endothelial cells through the Cav-1-mediated KLF2/eNOS/ERK signaling pathway under physiological conditions
  51. Interaction between the PI3K/AKT pathway and mitochondrial autophagy in macrophages and the leukocyte count in rats with LPS-induced pulmonary infection
  52. Meta-analysis of the rs231775 locus polymorphism in the CTLA-4 gene and the susceptibility to Graves’ disease in children
  53. Cloning, subcellular localization and expression of phosphate transporter gene HvPT6 of hulless barley
  54. Coptisine mitigates diabetic nephropathy via repressing the NRLP3 inflammasome
  55. Significant elevated CXCL14 and decreased IL-39 levels in patients with tuberculosis
  56. Whole-exome sequencing applications in prenatal diagnosis of fetal bowel dilatation
  57. Gemella morbillorum infective endocarditis: A case report and literature review
  58. An unusual ectopic thymoma clonal evolution analysis: A case report
  59. Severe cumulative skin toxicity during toripalimab combined with vemurafenib following toripalimab alone
  60. Detection of V. vulnificus septic shock with ARDS using mNGS
  61. Novel rare genetic variants of familial and sporadic pulmonary atresia identified by whole-exome sequencing
  62. The influence and mechanistic action of sperm DNA fragmentation index on the outcomes of assisted reproduction technology
  63. Novel compound heterozygous mutations in TELO2 in an infant with You-Hoover-Fong syndrome: A case report and literature review
  64. ctDNA as a prognostic biomarker in resectable CLM: Systematic review and meta-analysis
  65. Diagnosis of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: A case report
  66. Phylogenetic analysis of promoter regions of human Dolichol kinase (DOLK) and orthologous genes using bioinformatics tools
  67. Collagen changes in rabbit conjunctiva after conjunctival crosslinking
  68. Effects of NM23 transfection of human gastric carcinoma cells in mice
  69. Oral nifedipine and phytosterol, intravenous nicardipine, and oral nifedipine only: Three-arm, retrospective, cohort study for management of severe preeclampsia
  70. Case report of hepatic retiform hemangioendothelioma: A rare tumor treated with ultrasound-guided microwave ablation
  71. Curcumin induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by decreasing the expression of STAT3/VEGF/HIF-1α signaling
  72. Rare presentation of double-clonal Waldenström macroglobulinemia with pulmonary embolism: A case report
  73. Giant duplication of the transverse colon in an adult: A case report and literature review
  74. Ectopic thyroid tissue in the breast: A case report
  75. SDR16C5 promotes proliferation and migration and inhibits apoptosis in pancreatic cancer
  76. Vaginal metastasis from breast cancer: A case report
  77. Screening of the best time window for MSC transplantation to treat acute myocardial infarction with SDF-1α antibody-loaded targeted ultrasonic microbubbles: An in vivo study in miniswine
  78. Inhibition of TAZ impairs the migration ability of melanoma cells
  79. Molecular complexity analysis of the diagnosis of Gitelman syndrome in China
  80. Effects of maternal calcium and protein intake on the development and bone metabolism of offspring mice
  81. Identification of winter wheat pests and diseases based on improved convolutional neural network
  82. Ultra-multiplex PCR technique to guide treatment of Aspergillus-infected aortic valve prostheses
  83. Virtual high-throughput screening: Potential inhibitors targeting aminopeptidase N (CD13) and PIKfyve for SARS-CoV-2
  84. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients with COVID-19
  85. Utility of methylene blue mixed with autologous blood in preoperative localization of pulmonary nodules and masses
  86. Integrated analysis of the microbiome and transcriptome in stomach adenocarcinoma
  87. Berberine suppressed sarcopenia insulin resistance through SIRT1-mediated mitophagy
  88. DUSP2 inhibits the progression of lupus nephritis in mice by regulating the STAT3 pathway
  89. Lung abscess by Fusobacterium nucleatum and Streptococcus spp. co-infection by mNGS: A case series
  90. Genetic alterations of KRAS and TP53 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma associated with poor prognosis
  91. Granulomatous polyangiitis involving the fourth ventricle: Report of a rare case and a literature review
  92. Studying infant mortality: A demographic analysis based on data mining models
  93. Metaplastic breast carcinoma with osseous differentiation: A report of a rare case and literature review
  94. Protein Z modulates the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells
  95. Inhibition of pyroptosis and apoptosis by capsaicin protects against LPS-induced acute kidney injury through TRPV1/UCP2 axis in vitro
  96. TAK-242, a toll-like receptor 4 antagonist, against brain injury by alleviates autophagy and inflammation in rats
  97. Primary mediastinum Ewing’s sarcoma with pleural effusion: A case report and literature review
  98. Association of ADRB2 gene polymorphisms and intestinal microbiota in Chinese Han adolescents
  99. Tanshinone IIA alleviates chondrocyte apoptosis and extracellular matrix degeneration by inhibiting ferroptosis
  100. Study on the cytokines related to SARS-Cov-2 in testicular cells and the interaction network between cells based on scRNA-seq data
  101. Effect of periostin on bone metabolic and autophagy factors during tooth eruption in mice
  102. HP1 induces ferroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells through NRF2 pathway in diabetic nephropathy
  103. Intravaginal estrogen management in postmenopausal patients with vaginal squamous intraepithelial lesions along with CO2 laser ablation: A retrospective study
  104. Hepatocellular carcinoma cell differentiation trajectory predicts immunotherapy, potential therapeutic drugs, and prognosis of patients
  105. Effects of physical exercise on biomarkers of oxidative stress in healthy subjects: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
  106. Identification of lysosome-related genes in connection with prognosis and immune cell infiltration for drug candidates in head and neck cancer
  107. Development of an instrument-free and low-cost ELISA dot-blot test to detect antibodies against SARS-CoV-2
  108. Research progress on gas signal molecular therapy for Parkinson’s disease
  109. Adiponectin inhibits TGF-β1-induced skin fibroblast proliferation and phenotype transformation via the p38 MAPK signaling pathway
  110. The G protein-coupled receptor-related gene signatures for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in bladder urothelial carcinoma
  111. α-Fetoprotein contributes to the malignant biological properties of AFP-producing gastric cancer
  112. CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 axis in placenta tissues of patients with placenta previa
  113. Association between thyroid stimulating hormone levels and papillary thyroid cancer risk: A meta-analysis
  114. Significance of sTREM-1 and sST2 combined diagnosis for sepsis detection and prognosis prediction
  115. Diagnostic value of serum neuroactive substances in the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with depression
  116. Research progress of AMP-activated protein kinase and cardiac aging
  117. TRIM29 knockdown prevented the colon cancer progression through decreasing the ubiquitination levels of KRT5
  118. Cross-talk between gut microbiota and liver steatosis: Complications and therapeutic target
  119. Metastasis from small cell lung cancer to ovary: A case report
  120. The early diagnosis and pathogenic mechanisms of sepsis-related acute kidney injury
  121. The effect of NK cell therapy on sepsis secondary to lung cancer: A case report
  122. Erianin alleviates collagen-induced arthritis in mice by inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation
  123. Loss of ACOX1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and its correlation with clinical features
  124. Signalling pathways in the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells
  125. Crosstalk between lactic acid and immune regulation and its value in the diagnosis and treatment of liver failure
  126. Clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of gastric pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma
  127. Traumatic brain injury and rTMS-ERPs: Case report and literature review
  128. Extracellular fibrin promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression through integrin β1/PTEN/AKT signaling
  129. Knockdown of DLK4 inhibits non-small cell lung cancer tumor growth by downregulating CKS2
  130. The co-expression pattern of VEGFR-2 with indicators related to proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of anagen hair follicles
  131. Inflammation-related signaling pathways in tendinopathy
  132. CD4+ T cell count in HIV/TB co-infection and co-occurrence with HL: Case report and literature review
  133. Clinical analysis of severe Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia: Case series study
  134. Bioinformatics analysis to identify potential biomarkers for the pulmonary artery hypertension associated with the basement membrane
  135. Influence of MTHFR polymorphism, alone or in combination with smoking and alcohol consumption, on cancer susceptibility
  136. Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don counteracts the ampicillin resistance in multiple antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by downregulation of PBP2a synthesis
  137. Combination of a bronchogenic cyst in the thoracic spinal canal with chronic myelocytic leukemia
  138. Bacterial lipoprotein plays an important role in the macrophage autophagy and apoptosis induced by Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus
  139. TCL1A+ B cells predict prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer through integrative analysis of single-cell and bulk transcriptomic data
  140. Ezrin promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression via the Hippo signaling pathway
  141. Ferroptosis: A potential target of macrophages in plaque vulnerability
  142. Predicting pediatric Crohn's disease based on six mRNA-constructed risk signature using comprehensive bioinformatic approaches
  143. Applications of genetic code expansion and photosensitive UAAs in studying membrane proteins
  144. HK2 contributes to the proliferation, migration, and invasion of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells by enhancing the ERK1/2 signaling pathway
  145. IL-17 in osteoarthritis: A narrative review
  146. Circadian cycle and neuroinflammation
  147. Probiotic management and inflammatory factors as a novel treatment in cirrhosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  148. Hemorrhagic meningioma with pulmonary metastasis: Case report and literature review
  149. SPOP regulates the expression profiles and alternative splicing events in human hepatocytes
  150. Knockdown of SETD5 inhibited glycolysis and tumor growth in gastric cancer cells by down-regulating Akt signaling pathway
  151. PTX3 promotes IVIG resistance-induced endothelial injury in Kawasaki disease by regulating the NF-κB pathway
  152. Pancreatic ectopic thyroid tissue: A case report and analysis of literature
  153. The prognostic impact of body mass index on female breast cancer patients in underdeveloped regions of northern China differs by menopause status and tumor molecular subtype
  154. Report on a case of liver-originating malignant melanoma of unknown primary
  155. Case report: Herbal treatment of neutropenic enterocolitis after chemotherapy for breast cancer
  156. The fibroblast growth factor–Klotho axis at molecular level
  157. Characterization of amiodarone action on currents in hERG-T618 gain-of-function mutations
  158. A case report of diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of Listeria monocytogenes meningitis with NGS
  159. Effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma on new bone formation and viability of a Marburg bone graft
  160. Small breast epithelial mucin as a useful prognostic marker for breast cancer patients
  161. Continuous non-adherent culture promotes transdifferentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells into retinal lineage
  162. Nrf3 alleviates oxidative stress and promotes the survival of colon cancer cells by activating AKT/BCL-2 signal pathway
  163. Favorable response to surufatinib in a patient with necrolytic migratory erythema: A case report
  164. Case report of atypical undernutrition of hypoproteinemia type
  165. Down-regulation of COL1A1 inhibits tumor-associated fibroblast activation and mediates matrix remodeling in the tumor microenvironment of breast cancer
  166. Sarcoma protein kinase inhibition alleviates liver fibrosis by promoting hepatic stellate cells ferroptosis
  167. Research progress of serum eosinophil in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma
  168. Clinicopathological characteristics of co-existing or mixed colorectal cancer and neuroendocrine tumor: Report of five cases
  169. Role of menopausal hormone therapy in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis
  170. Precisional detection of lymph node metastasis using tFCM in colorectal cancer
  171. Advances in diagnosis and treatment of perimenopausal syndrome
  172. A study of forensic genetics: ITO index distribution and kinship judgment between two individuals
  173. Acute lupus pneumonitis resembling miliary tuberculosis: A case-based review
  174. Plasma levels of CD36 and glutathione as biomarkers for ruptured intracranial aneurysm
  175. Fractalkine modulates pulmonary angiogenesis and tube formation by modulating CX3CR1 and growth factors in PVECs
  176. Novel risk prediction models for deep vein thrombosis after thoracotomy and thoracoscopic lung cancer resections, involving coagulation and immune function
  177. Exploring the diagnostic markers of essential tremor: A study based on machine learning algorithms
  178. Evaluation of effects of small-incision approach treatment on proximal tibia fracture by deep learning algorithm-based magnetic resonance imaging
  179. An online diagnosis method for cancer lesions based on intelligent imaging analysis
  180. Medical imaging in rheumatoid arthritis: A review on deep learning approach
  181. Predictive analytics in smart healthcare for child mortality prediction using a machine learning approach
  182. Utility of neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and platelet–lymphocyte ratio in predicting acute-on-chronic liver failure survival
  183. A biomedical decision support system for meta-analysis of bilateral upper-limb training in stroke patients with hemiplegia
  184. TNF-α and IL-8 levels are positively correlated with hypobaric hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats
  185. Stochastic gradient descent optimisation for convolutional neural network for medical image segmentation
  186. Comparison of the prognostic value of four different critical illness scores in patients with sepsis-induced coagulopathy
  187. Application and teaching of computer molecular simulation embedded technology and artificial intelligence in drug research and development
  188. Hepatobiliary surgery based on intelligent image segmentation technology
  189. Value of brain injury-related indicators based on neural network in the diagnosis of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
  190. Analysis of early diagnosis methods for asymmetric dementia in brain MR images based on genetic medical technology
  191. Early diagnosis for the onset of peri-implantitis based on artificial neural network
  192. Clinical significance of the detection of serum IgG4 and IgG4/IgG ratio in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy
  193. Forecast of pain degree of lumbar disc herniation based on back propagation neural network
  194. SPA-UNet: A liver tumor segmentation network based on fused multi-scale features
  195. Systematic evaluation of clinical efficacy of CYP1B1 gene polymorphism in EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer observed by medical image
  196. Rehabilitation effect of intelligent rehabilitation training system on hemiplegic limb spasms after stroke
  197. A novel approach for minimising anti-aliasing effects in EEG data acquisition
  198. ErbB4 promotes M2 activation of macrophages in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
  199. Clinical role of CYP1B1 gene polymorphism in prediction of postoperative chemotherapy efficacy in NSCLC based on individualized health model
  200. Lung nodule segmentation via semi-residual multi-resolution neural networks
  201. Evaluation of brain nerve function in ICU patients with Delirium by deep learning algorithm-based resting state MRI
  202. A data mining technique for detecting malignant mesothelioma cancer using multiple regression analysis
  203. Markov model combined with MR diffusion tensor imaging for predicting the onset of Alzheimer’s disease
  204. Effectiveness of the treatment of depression associated with cancer and neuroimaging changes in depression-related brain regions in patients treated with the mediator-deuterium acupuncture method
  205. Molecular mechanism of colorectal cancer and screening of molecular markers based on bioinformatics analysis
  206. Monitoring and evaluation of anesthesia depth status data based on neuroscience
  207. Exploring the conformational dynamics and thermodynamics of EGFR S768I and G719X + S768I mutations in non-small cell lung cancer: An in silico approaches
  208. Optimised feature selection-driven convolutional neural network using gray level co-occurrence matrix for detection of cervical cancer
  209. Incidence of different pressure patterns of spinal cerebellar ataxia and analysis of imaging and genetic diagnosis
  210. Pathogenic bacteria and treatment resistance in older cardiovascular disease patients with lung infection and risk prediction model
  211. Adoption value of support vector machine algorithm-based computed tomography imaging in the diagnosis of secondary pulmonary fungal infections in patients with malignant hematological disorders
  212. From slides to insights: Harnessing deep learning for prognostic survival prediction in human colorectal cancer histology
  213. Ecology and Environmental Science
  214. Monitoring of hourly carbon dioxide concentration under different land use types in arid ecosystem
  215. Comparing the differences of prokaryotic microbial community between pit walls and bottom from Chinese liquor revealed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing
  216. Effects of cadmium stress on fruits germination and growth of two herbage species
  217. Bamboo charcoal affects soil properties and bacterial community in tea plantations
  218. Optimization of biogas potential using kinetic models, response surface methodology, and instrumental evidence for biodegradation of tannery fleshings during anaerobic digestion
  219. Understory vegetation diversity patterns of Platycladus orientalis and Pinus elliottii communities in Central and Southern China
  220. Studies on macrofungi diversity and discovery of new species of Abortiporus from Baotianman World Biosphere Reserve
  221. Food Science
  222. Effect of berrycactus fruit (Myrtillocactus geometrizans) on glutamate, glutamine, and GABA levels in the frontal cortex of rats fed with a high-fat diet
  223. Guesstimate of thymoquinone diversity in Nigella sativa L. genotypes and elite varieties collected from Indian states using HPTLC technique
  224. Analysis of bacterial community structure of Fuzhuan tea with different processing techniques
  225. Untargeted metabolomics reveals sour jujube kernel benefiting the nutritional value and flavor of Morchella esculenta
  226. Mycobiota in Slovak wine grapes: A case study from the small Carpathians wine region
  227. Elemental analysis of Fadogia ancylantha leaves used as a nutraceutical in Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe
  228. Microbiological transglutaminase: Biotechnological application in the food industry
  229. Influence of solvent-free extraction of fish oil from catfish (Clarias magur) heads using a Taguchi orthogonal array design: A qualitative and quantitative approach
  230. Chromatographic analysis of the chemical composition and anticancer activities of Curcuma longa extract cultivated in Palestine
  231. The potential for the use of leghemoglobin and plant ferritin as sources of iron
  232. Investigating the association between dietary patterns and glycemic control among children and adolescents with T1DM
  233. Bioengineering and Biotechnology
  234. Biocompatibility and osteointegration capability of β-TCP manufactured by stereolithography 3D printing: In vitro study
  235. Clinical characteristics and the prognosis of diabetic foot in Tibet: A single center, retrospective study
  236. Agriculture
  237. Biofertilizer and NPSB fertilizer application effects on nodulation and productivity of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) at Sodo Zuria, Southern Ethiopia
  238. On correlation between canopy vegetation and growth indexes of maize varieties with different nitrogen efficiencies
  239. Exopolysaccharides from Pseudomonas tolaasii inhibit the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelia
  240. A transcriptomic evaluation of the mechanism of programmed cell death of the replaceable bud in Chinese chestnut
  241. Melatonin enhances salt tolerance in sorghum by modulating photosynthetic performance, osmoregulation, antioxidant defense, and ion homeostasis
  242. Effects of plant density on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seed yield in western Heilongjiang areas
  243. Identification of rice leaf diseases and deficiency disorders using a novel DeepBatch technique
  244. Artificial intelligence and internet of things oriented sustainable precision farming: Towards modern agriculture
  245. Animal Sciences
  246. Effect of ketogenic diet on exercise tolerance and transcriptome of gastrocnemius in mice
  247. Combined analysis of mRNA–miRNA from testis tissue in Tibetan sheep with different FecB genotypes
  248. Isolation, identification, and drug resistance of a partially isolated bacterium from the gill of Siniperca chuatsi
  249. Tracking behavioral changes of confined sows from the first mating to the third parity
  250. The sequencing of the key genes and end products in the TLR4 signaling pathway from the kidney of Rana dybowskii exposed to Aeromonas hydrophila
  251. Development of a new candidate vaccine against piglet diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli
  252. Plant Sciences
  253. Crown and diameter structure of pure Pinus massoniana Lamb. forest in Hunan province, China
  254. Genetic evaluation and germplasm identification analysis on ITS2, trnL-F, and psbA-trnH of alfalfa varieties germplasm resources
  255. Tissue culture and rapid propagation technology for Gentiana rhodantha
  256. Effects of cadmium on the synthesis of active ingredients in Salvia miltiorrhiza
  257. Cloning and expression analysis of VrNAC13 gene in mung bean
  258. Chlorate-induced molecular floral transition revealed by transcriptomes
  259. Effects of warming and drought on growth and development of soybean in Hailun region
  260. Effects of different light conditions on transient expression and biomass in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves
  261. Comparative analysis of the rhizosphere microbiome and medicinally active ingredients of Atractylodes lancea from different geographical origins
  262. Distinguish Dianthus species or varieties based on chloroplast genomes
  263. Comparative transcriptomes reveal molecular mechanisms of apple blossoms of different tolerance genotypes to chilling injury
  264. Study on fresh processing key technology and quality influence of Cut Ophiopogonis Radix based on multi-index evaluation
  265. An advanced approach for fig leaf disease detection and classification: Leveraging image processing and enhanced support vector machine methodology
  266. Erratum
  267. Erratum to “Protein Z modulates the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells”
  268. Erratum to “BRCA1 subcellular localization regulated by PI3K signaling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and hormone-sensitive T47D cells”
  269. Retraction
  270. Retraction to “Protocatechuic acid attenuates cerebral aneurysm formation and progression by inhibiting TNF-alpha/Nrf-2/NF-kB-mediated inflammatory mechanisms in experimental rats”
https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0698
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Chlamydia psittaci; severe pneumonia; mNGS
Creative Commons
BY 4.0

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Biomedical Sciences
  2. Systemic investigation of inetetamab in combination with small molecules to treat HER2-overexpressing breast and gastric cancers
  3. Immunosuppressive treatment for idiopathic membranous nephropathy: An updated network meta-analysis
  4. Identifying two pathogenic variants in a patient with pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy
  5. Effects of phytoestrogens combined with cold stress on sperm parameters and testicular proteomics in rats
  6. A case of pulmonary embolism with bad warfarin anticoagulant effects caused by E. coli infection
  7. Neutrophilia with subclinical Cushing’s disease: A case report and literature review
  8. Isoimperatorin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced periodontitis by downregulating ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathways
  9. Immunoregulation of synovial macrophages for the treatment of osteoarthritis
  10. Novel CPLANE1 c.8948dupT (p.P2984Tfs*7) variant in a child patient with Joubert syndrome
  11. Antiphospholipid antibodies and the risk of thrombosis in myeloproliferative neoplasms
  12. Immunological responses of septic rats to combination therapy with thymosin α1 and vitamin C
  13. High glucose and high lipid induced mitochondrial dysfunction in JEG-3 cells through oxidative stress
  14. Pharmacological inhibition of the ubiquitin-specific protease 8 effectively suppresses glioblastoma cell growth
  15. Levocarnitine regulates the growth of angiotensin II-induced myocardial fibrosis cells via TIMP-1
  16. Age-related changes in peripheral T-cell subpopulations in elderly individuals: An observational study
  17. Single-cell transcription analysis reveals the tumor origin and heterogeneity of human bilateral renal clear cell carcinoma
  18. Identification of iron metabolism-related genes as diagnostic signatures in sepsis by blood transcriptomic analysis
  19. Long noncoding RNA ACART knockdown decreases 3T3-L1 preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation
  20. Surgery, adjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy and radiotherapy for primary malignant melanoma of the parotid gland (PGMM): A case report
  21. Dosimetry comparison with helical tomotherapy, volumetric modulated arc therapy, and intensity-modulated radiotherapy for grade II gliomas: A single‑institution case series
  22. Soy isoflavone reduces LPS-induced acute lung injury via increasing aquaporin 1 and aquaporin 5 in rats
  23. Refractory hypokalemia with sexual dysplasia and infertility caused by 17α-hydroxylase deficiency and triple X syndrome: A case report
  24. Meta-analysis of cancer risk among end stage renal disease undergoing maintenance dialysis
  25. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase inhibition arrests growth and induces apoptosis in gastric cancer via AMPK activation and oxidative stress
  26. Experimental study on the optimization of ANM33 release in foam cells
  27. Primary retroperitoneal angiosarcoma: A case report
  28. Metabolomic analysis-identified 2-hydroxybutyric acid might be a key metabolite of severe preeclampsia
  29. Malignant pleural effusion diagnosis and therapy
  30. Effect of spaceflight on the phenotype and proteome of Escherichia coli
  31. Comparison of immunotherapy combined with stereotactic radiotherapy and targeted therapy for patients with brain metastases: A systemic review and meta-analysis
  32. Activation of hypermethylated P2RY1 mitigates gastric cancer by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation
  33. Association between the VEGFR-2 -604T/C polymorphism (rs2071559) and type 2 diabetic retinopathy
  34. The role of IL-31 and IL-34 in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic periodontitis
  35. Triple-negative mouse breast cancer initiating cells show high expression of beta1 integrin and increased malignant features
  36. mNGS facilitates the accurate diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of suspicious critical CNS infection in real practice: A retrospective study
  37. The apatinib and pemetrexed combination has antitumor and antiangiogenic effects against NSCLC
  38. Radiotherapy for primary thyroid adenoid cystic carcinoma
  39. Design and functional preliminary investigation of recombinant antigen EgG1Y162–EgG1Y162 against Echinococcus granulosus
  40. Effects of losartan in patients with NAFLD: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial
  41. Bibliometric analysis of METTL3: Current perspectives, highlights, and trending topics
  42. Performance comparison of three scaling algorithms in NMR-based metabolomics analysis
  43. PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and its related molecules participate in PROK1 silence-induced anti-tumor effects on pancreatic cancer
  44. The altered expression of cytoskeletal and synaptic remodeling proteins during epilepsy
  45. Effects of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on lymphocytes and white blood cells of patients with malignant tumor
  46. Prostatitis as initial manifestation of Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia diagnosed by metagenome next-generation sequencing: A case report
  47. NUDT21 relieves sevoflurane-induced neurological damage in rats by down-regulating LIMK2
  48. Association of interleukin-10 rs1800896, rs1800872, and interleukin-6 rs1800795 polymorphisms with squamous cell carcinoma risk: A meta-analysis
  49. Exosomal HBV-DNA for diagnosis and treatment monitoring of chronic hepatitis B
  50. Shear stress leads to the dysfunction of endothelial cells through the Cav-1-mediated KLF2/eNOS/ERK signaling pathway under physiological conditions
  51. Interaction between the PI3K/AKT pathway and mitochondrial autophagy in macrophages and the leukocyte count in rats with LPS-induced pulmonary infection
  52. Meta-analysis of the rs231775 locus polymorphism in the CTLA-4 gene and the susceptibility to Graves’ disease in children
  53. Cloning, subcellular localization and expression of phosphate transporter gene HvPT6 of hulless barley
  54. Coptisine mitigates diabetic nephropathy via repressing the NRLP3 inflammasome
  55. Significant elevated CXCL14 and decreased IL-39 levels in patients with tuberculosis
  56. Whole-exome sequencing applications in prenatal diagnosis of fetal bowel dilatation
  57. Gemella morbillorum infective endocarditis: A case report and literature review
  58. An unusual ectopic thymoma clonal evolution analysis: A case report
  59. Severe cumulative skin toxicity during toripalimab combined with vemurafenib following toripalimab alone
  60. Detection of V. vulnificus septic shock with ARDS using mNGS
  61. Novel rare genetic variants of familial and sporadic pulmonary atresia identified by whole-exome sequencing
  62. The influence and mechanistic action of sperm DNA fragmentation index on the outcomes of assisted reproduction technology
  63. Novel compound heterozygous mutations in TELO2 in an infant with You-Hoover-Fong syndrome: A case report and literature review
  64. ctDNA as a prognostic biomarker in resectable CLM: Systematic review and meta-analysis
  65. Diagnosis of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: A case report
  66. Phylogenetic analysis of promoter regions of human Dolichol kinase (DOLK) and orthologous genes using bioinformatics tools
  67. Collagen changes in rabbit conjunctiva after conjunctival crosslinking
  68. Effects of NM23 transfection of human gastric carcinoma cells in mice
  69. Oral nifedipine and phytosterol, intravenous nicardipine, and oral nifedipine only: Three-arm, retrospective, cohort study for management of severe preeclampsia
  70. Case report of hepatic retiform hemangioendothelioma: A rare tumor treated with ultrasound-guided microwave ablation
  71. Curcumin induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by decreasing the expression of STAT3/VEGF/HIF-1α signaling
  72. Rare presentation of double-clonal Waldenström macroglobulinemia with pulmonary embolism: A case report
  73. Giant duplication of the transverse colon in an adult: A case report and literature review
  74. Ectopic thyroid tissue in the breast: A case report
  75. SDR16C5 promotes proliferation and migration and inhibits apoptosis in pancreatic cancer
  76. Vaginal metastasis from breast cancer: A case report
  77. Screening of the best time window for MSC transplantation to treat acute myocardial infarction with SDF-1α antibody-loaded targeted ultrasonic microbubbles: An in vivo study in miniswine
  78. Inhibition of TAZ impairs the migration ability of melanoma cells
  79. Molecular complexity analysis of the diagnosis of Gitelman syndrome in China
  80. Effects of maternal calcium and protein intake on the development and bone metabolism of offspring mice
  81. Identification of winter wheat pests and diseases based on improved convolutional neural network
  82. Ultra-multiplex PCR technique to guide treatment of Aspergillus-infected aortic valve prostheses
  83. Virtual high-throughput screening: Potential inhibitors targeting aminopeptidase N (CD13) and PIKfyve for SARS-CoV-2
  84. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients with COVID-19
  85. Utility of methylene blue mixed with autologous blood in preoperative localization of pulmonary nodules and masses
  86. Integrated analysis of the microbiome and transcriptome in stomach adenocarcinoma
  87. Berberine suppressed sarcopenia insulin resistance through SIRT1-mediated mitophagy
  88. DUSP2 inhibits the progression of lupus nephritis in mice by regulating the STAT3 pathway
  89. Lung abscess by Fusobacterium nucleatum and Streptococcus spp. co-infection by mNGS: A case series
  90. Genetic alterations of KRAS and TP53 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma associated with poor prognosis
  91. Granulomatous polyangiitis involving the fourth ventricle: Report of a rare case and a literature review
  92. Studying infant mortality: A demographic analysis based on data mining models
  93. Metaplastic breast carcinoma with osseous differentiation: A report of a rare case and literature review
  94. Protein Z modulates the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells
  95. Inhibition of pyroptosis and apoptosis by capsaicin protects against LPS-induced acute kidney injury through TRPV1/UCP2 axis in vitro
  96. TAK-242, a toll-like receptor 4 antagonist, against brain injury by alleviates autophagy and inflammation in rats
  97. Primary mediastinum Ewing’s sarcoma with pleural effusion: A case report and literature review
  98. Association of ADRB2 gene polymorphisms and intestinal microbiota in Chinese Han adolescents
  99. Tanshinone IIA alleviates chondrocyte apoptosis and extracellular matrix degeneration by inhibiting ferroptosis
  100. Study on the cytokines related to SARS-Cov-2 in testicular cells and the interaction network between cells based on scRNA-seq data
  101. Effect of periostin on bone metabolic and autophagy factors during tooth eruption in mice
  102. HP1 induces ferroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells through NRF2 pathway in diabetic nephropathy
  103. Intravaginal estrogen management in postmenopausal patients with vaginal squamous intraepithelial lesions along with CO2 laser ablation: A retrospective study
  104. Hepatocellular carcinoma cell differentiation trajectory predicts immunotherapy, potential therapeutic drugs, and prognosis of patients
  105. Effects of physical exercise on biomarkers of oxidative stress in healthy subjects: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
  106. Identification of lysosome-related genes in connection with prognosis and immune cell infiltration for drug candidates in head and neck cancer
  107. Development of an instrument-free and low-cost ELISA dot-blot test to detect antibodies against SARS-CoV-2
  108. Research progress on gas signal molecular therapy for Parkinson’s disease
  109. Adiponectin inhibits TGF-β1-induced skin fibroblast proliferation and phenotype transformation via the p38 MAPK signaling pathway
  110. The G protein-coupled receptor-related gene signatures for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in bladder urothelial carcinoma
  111. α-Fetoprotein contributes to the malignant biological properties of AFP-producing gastric cancer
  112. CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 axis in placenta tissues of patients with placenta previa
  113. Association between thyroid stimulating hormone levels and papillary thyroid cancer risk: A meta-analysis
  114. Significance of sTREM-1 and sST2 combined diagnosis for sepsis detection and prognosis prediction
  115. Diagnostic value of serum neuroactive substances in the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with depression
  116. Research progress of AMP-activated protein kinase and cardiac aging
  117. TRIM29 knockdown prevented the colon cancer progression through decreasing the ubiquitination levels of KRT5
  118. Cross-talk between gut microbiota and liver steatosis: Complications and therapeutic target
  119. Metastasis from small cell lung cancer to ovary: A case report
  120. The early diagnosis and pathogenic mechanisms of sepsis-related acute kidney injury
  121. The effect of NK cell therapy on sepsis secondary to lung cancer: A case report
  122. Erianin alleviates collagen-induced arthritis in mice by inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation
  123. Loss of ACOX1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and its correlation with clinical features
  124. Signalling pathways in the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells
  125. Crosstalk between lactic acid and immune regulation and its value in the diagnosis and treatment of liver failure
  126. Clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of gastric pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma
  127. Traumatic brain injury and rTMS-ERPs: Case report and literature review
  128. Extracellular fibrin promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression through integrin β1/PTEN/AKT signaling
  129. Knockdown of DLK4 inhibits non-small cell lung cancer tumor growth by downregulating CKS2
  130. The co-expression pattern of VEGFR-2 with indicators related to proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of anagen hair follicles
  131. Inflammation-related signaling pathways in tendinopathy
  132. CD4+ T cell count in HIV/TB co-infection and co-occurrence with HL: Case report and literature review
  133. Clinical analysis of severe Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia: Case series study
  134. Bioinformatics analysis to identify potential biomarkers for the pulmonary artery hypertension associated with the basement membrane
  135. Influence of MTHFR polymorphism, alone or in combination with smoking and alcohol consumption, on cancer susceptibility
  136. Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don counteracts the ampicillin resistance in multiple antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by downregulation of PBP2a synthesis
  137. Combination of a bronchogenic cyst in the thoracic spinal canal with chronic myelocytic leukemia
  138. Bacterial lipoprotein plays an important role in the macrophage autophagy and apoptosis induced by Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus
  139. TCL1A+ B cells predict prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer through integrative analysis of single-cell and bulk transcriptomic data
  140. Ezrin promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression via the Hippo signaling pathway
  141. Ferroptosis: A potential target of macrophages in plaque vulnerability
  142. Predicting pediatric Crohn's disease based on six mRNA-constructed risk signature using comprehensive bioinformatic approaches
  143. Applications of genetic code expansion and photosensitive UAAs in studying membrane proteins
  144. HK2 contributes to the proliferation, migration, and invasion of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells by enhancing the ERK1/2 signaling pathway
  145. IL-17 in osteoarthritis: A narrative review
  146. Circadian cycle and neuroinflammation
  147. Probiotic management and inflammatory factors as a novel treatment in cirrhosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  148. Hemorrhagic meningioma with pulmonary metastasis: Case report and literature review
  149. SPOP regulates the expression profiles and alternative splicing events in human hepatocytes
  150. Knockdown of SETD5 inhibited glycolysis and tumor growth in gastric cancer cells by down-regulating Akt signaling pathway
  151. PTX3 promotes IVIG resistance-induced endothelial injury in Kawasaki disease by regulating the NF-κB pathway
  152. Pancreatic ectopic thyroid tissue: A case report and analysis of literature
  153. The prognostic impact of body mass index on female breast cancer patients in underdeveloped regions of northern China differs by menopause status and tumor molecular subtype
  154. Report on a case of liver-originating malignant melanoma of unknown primary
  155. Case report: Herbal treatment of neutropenic enterocolitis after chemotherapy for breast cancer
  156. The fibroblast growth factor–Klotho axis at molecular level
  157. Characterization of amiodarone action on currents in hERG-T618 gain-of-function mutations
  158. A case report of diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of Listeria monocytogenes meningitis with NGS
  159. Effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma on new bone formation and viability of a Marburg bone graft
  160. Small breast epithelial mucin as a useful prognostic marker for breast cancer patients
  161. Continuous non-adherent culture promotes transdifferentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells into retinal lineage
  162. Nrf3 alleviates oxidative stress and promotes the survival of colon cancer cells by activating AKT/BCL-2 signal pathway
  163. Favorable response to surufatinib in a patient with necrolytic migratory erythema: A case report
  164. Case report of atypical undernutrition of hypoproteinemia type
  165. Down-regulation of COL1A1 inhibits tumor-associated fibroblast activation and mediates matrix remodeling in the tumor microenvironment of breast cancer
  166. Sarcoma protein kinase inhibition alleviates liver fibrosis by promoting hepatic stellate cells ferroptosis
  167. Research progress of serum eosinophil in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma
  168. Clinicopathological characteristics of co-existing or mixed colorectal cancer and neuroendocrine tumor: Report of five cases
  169. Role of menopausal hormone therapy in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis
  170. Precisional detection of lymph node metastasis using tFCM in colorectal cancer
  171. Advances in diagnosis and treatment of perimenopausal syndrome
  172. A study of forensic genetics: ITO index distribution and kinship judgment between two individuals
  173. Acute lupus pneumonitis resembling miliary tuberculosis: A case-based review
  174. Plasma levels of CD36 and glutathione as biomarkers for ruptured intracranial aneurysm
  175. Fractalkine modulates pulmonary angiogenesis and tube formation by modulating CX3CR1 and growth factors in PVECs
  176. Novel risk prediction models for deep vein thrombosis after thoracotomy and thoracoscopic lung cancer resections, involving coagulation and immune function
  177. Exploring the diagnostic markers of essential tremor: A study based on machine learning algorithms
  178. Evaluation of effects of small-incision approach treatment on proximal tibia fracture by deep learning algorithm-based magnetic resonance imaging
  179. An online diagnosis method for cancer lesions based on intelligent imaging analysis
  180. Medical imaging in rheumatoid arthritis: A review on deep learning approach
  181. Predictive analytics in smart healthcare for child mortality prediction using a machine learning approach
  182. Utility of neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and platelet–lymphocyte ratio in predicting acute-on-chronic liver failure survival
  183. A biomedical decision support system for meta-analysis of bilateral upper-limb training in stroke patients with hemiplegia
  184. TNF-α and IL-8 levels are positively correlated with hypobaric hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats
  185. Stochastic gradient descent optimisation for convolutional neural network for medical image segmentation
  186. Comparison of the prognostic value of four different critical illness scores in patients with sepsis-induced coagulopathy
  187. Application and teaching of computer molecular simulation embedded technology and artificial intelligence in drug research and development
  188. Hepatobiliary surgery based on intelligent image segmentation technology
  189. Value of brain injury-related indicators based on neural network in the diagnosis of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
  190. Analysis of early diagnosis methods for asymmetric dementia in brain MR images based on genetic medical technology
  191. Early diagnosis for the onset of peri-implantitis based on artificial neural network
  192. Clinical significance of the detection of serum IgG4 and IgG4/IgG ratio in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy
  193. Forecast of pain degree of lumbar disc herniation based on back propagation neural network
  194. SPA-UNet: A liver tumor segmentation network based on fused multi-scale features
  195. Systematic evaluation of clinical efficacy of CYP1B1 gene polymorphism in EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer observed by medical image
  196. Rehabilitation effect of intelligent rehabilitation training system on hemiplegic limb spasms after stroke
  197. A novel approach for minimising anti-aliasing effects in EEG data acquisition
  198. ErbB4 promotes M2 activation of macrophages in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
  199. Clinical role of CYP1B1 gene polymorphism in prediction of postoperative chemotherapy efficacy in NSCLC based on individualized health model
  200. Lung nodule segmentation via semi-residual multi-resolution neural networks
  201. Evaluation of brain nerve function in ICU patients with Delirium by deep learning algorithm-based resting state MRI
  202. A data mining technique for detecting malignant mesothelioma cancer using multiple regression analysis
  203. Markov model combined with MR diffusion tensor imaging for predicting the onset of Alzheimer’s disease
  204. Effectiveness of the treatment of depression associated with cancer and neuroimaging changes in depression-related brain regions in patients treated with the mediator-deuterium acupuncture method
  205. Molecular mechanism of colorectal cancer and screening of molecular markers based on bioinformatics analysis
  206. Monitoring and evaluation of anesthesia depth status data based on neuroscience
  207. Exploring the conformational dynamics and thermodynamics of EGFR S768I and G719X + S768I mutations in non-small cell lung cancer: An in silico approaches
  208. Optimised feature selection-driven convolutional neural network using gray level co-occurrence matrix for detection of cervical cancer
  209. Incidence of different pressure patterns of spinal cerebellar ataxia and analysis of imaging and genetic diagnosis
  210. Pathogenic bacteria and treatment resistance in older cardiovascular disease patients with lung infection and risk prediction model
  211. Adoption value of support vector machine algorithm-based computed tomography imaging in the diagnosis of secondary pulmonary fungal infections in patients with malignant hematological disorders
  212. From slides to insights: Harnessing deep learning for prognostic survival prediction in human colorectal cancer histology
  213. Ecology and Environmental Science
  214. Monitoring of hourly carbon dioxide concentration under different land use types in arid ecosystem
  215. Comparing the differences of prokaryotic microbial community between pit walls and bottom from Chinese liquor revealed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing
  216. Effects of cadmium stress on fruits germination and growth of two herbage species
  217. Bamboo charcoal affects soil properties and bacterial community in tea plantations
  218. Optimization of biogas potential using kinetic models, response surface methodology, and instrumental evidence for biodegradation of tannery fleshings during anaerobic digestion
  219. Understory vegetation diversity patterns of Platycladus orientalis and Pinus elliottii communities in Central and Southern China
  220. Studies on macrofungi diversity and discovery of new species of Abortiporus from Baotianman World Biosphere Reserve
  221. Food Science
  222. Effect of berrycactus fruit (Myrtillocactus geometrizans) on glutamate, glutamine, and GABA levels in the frontal cortex of rats fed with a high-fat diet
  223. Guesstimate of thymoquinone diversity in Nigella sativa L. genotypes and elite varieties collected from Indian states using HPTLC technique
  224. Analysis of bacterial community structure of Fuzhuan tea with different processing techniques
  225. Untargeted metabolomics reveals sour jujube kernel benefiting the nutritional value and flavor of Morchella esculenta
  226. Mycobiota in Slovak wine grapes: A case study from the small Carpathians wine region
  227. Elemental analysis of Fadogia ancylantha leaves used as a nutraceutical in Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe
  228. Microbiological transglutaminase: Biotechnological application in the food industry
  229. Influence of solvent-free extraction of fish oil from catfish (Clarias magur) heads using a Taguchi orthogonal array design: A qualitative and quantitative approach
  230. Chromatographic analysis of the chemical composition and anticancer activities of Curcuma longa extract cultivated in Palestine
  231. The potential for the use of leghemoglobin and plant ferritin as sources of iron
  232. Investigating the association between dietary patterns and glycemic control among children and adolescents with T1DM
  233. Bioengineering and Biotechnology
  234. Biocompatibility and osteointegration capability of β-TCP manufactured by stereolithography 3D printing: In vitro study
  235. Clinical characteristics and the prognosis of diabetic foot in Tibet: A single center, retrospective study
  236. Agriculture
  237. Biofertilizer and NPSB fertilizer application effects on nodulation and productivity of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) at Sodo Zuria, Southern Ethiopia
  238. On correlation between canopy vegetation and growth indexes of maize varieties with different nitrogen efficiencies
  239. Exopolysaccharides from Pseudomonas tolaasii inhibit the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelia
  240. A transcriptomic evaluation of the mechanism of programmed cell death of the replaceable bud in Chinese chestnut
  241. Melatonin enhances salt tolerance in sorghum by modulating photosynthetic performance, osmoregulation, antioxidant defense, and ion homeostasis
  242. Effects of plant density on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seed yield in western Heilongjiang areas
  243. Identification of rice leaf diseases and deficiency disorders using a novel DeepBatch technique
  244. Artificial intelligence and internet of things oriented sustainable precision farming: Towards modern agriculture
  245. Animal Sciences
  246. Effect of ketogenic diet on exercise tolerance and transcriptome of gastrocnemius in mice
  247. Combined analysis of mRNA–miRNA from testis tissue in Tibetan sheep with different FecB genotypes
  248. Isolation, identification, and drug resistance of a partially isolated bacterium from the gill of Siniperca chuatsi
  249. Tracking behavioral changes of confined sows from the first mating to the third parity
  250. The sequencing of the key genes and end products in the TLR4 signaling pathway from the kidney of Rana dybowskii exposed to Aeromonas hydrophila
  251. Development of a new candidate vaccine against piglet diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli
  252. Plant Sciences
  253. Crown and diameter structure of pure Pinus massoniana Lamb. forest in Hunan province, China
  254. Genetic evaluation and germplasm identification analysis on ITS2, trnL-F, and psbA-trnH of alfalfa varieties germplasm resources
  255. Tissue culture and rapid propagation technology for Gentiana rhodantha
  256. Effects of cadmium on the synthesis of active ingredients in Salvia miltiorrhiza
  257. Cloning and expression analysis of VrNAC13 gene in mung bean
  258. Chlorate-induced molecular floral transition revealed by transcriptomes
  259. Effects of warming and drought on growth and development of soybean in Hailun region
  260. Effects of different light conditions on transient expression and biomass in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves
  261. Comparative analysis of the rhizosphere microbiome and medicinally active ingredients of Atractylodes lancea from different geographical origins
  262. Distinguish Dianthus species or varieties based on chloroplast genomes
  263. Comparative transcriptomes reveal molecular mechanisms of apple blossoms of different tolerance genotypes to chilling injury
  264. Study on fresh processing key technology and quality influence of Cut Ophiopogonis Radix based on multi-index evaluation
  265. An advanced approach for fig leaf disease detection and classification: Leveraging image processing and enhanced support vector machine methodology
  266. Erratum
  267. Erratum to “Protein Z modulates the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells”
  268. Erratum to “BRCA1 subcellular localization regulated by PI3K signaling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and hormone-sensitive T47D cells”
  269. Retraction
  270. Retraction to “Protocatechuic acid attenuates cerebral aneurysm formation and progression by inhibiting TNF-alpha/Nrf-2/NF-kB-mediated inflammatory mechanisms in experimental rats”
Jetzt anmelden und 20% sparen
Institutioneller Zugang
Wie funktioniert Authentifizierung?
Haben Sie eine Idee, wie wir unsere Website verbessern können?
Bitte schreiben Sie uns.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Heruntergeladen am 6.9.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/biol-2022-0698/html
Button zum nach oben scrollen