Startseite Age-related changes in peripheral T-cell subpopulations in elderly individuals: An observational study
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Age-related changes in peripheral T-cell subpopulations in elderly individuals: An observational study

  • Xiao-Qing Quan , Lei Ruan , Hai-Rong Zhou , Wei-Liang Gao , Qing Zhang EMAIL logo und Cun-Tai Zhang EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 9. Februar 2023
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Open Life Sciences
Aus der Zeitschrift Open Life Sciences Band 18 Heft 1

Abstract

The age-related decline in T-cell function among elderly individuals remains unclear. We thus investigated the interrelationship between T-cell subsets and age to identify the changes in T-cell phenotypes and develop an age prediction model for the elderly population. A total of 127 individuals aged >60 years were divided into three groups (youngest-old group, 61–70 years, n = 34; middle-old group, 71–80 years, n = 53; and oldest-old group, ≥ 81 years, n = 40). The percentage of CD8+CD28− cells (P = 0.001) was highest in the oldest-old group and then followed by the middle-old group, while the youngest-old group was the lowest. Both females and males demonstrated significant decreases in the absolute counts of CD4+CD45RA+ cells (P = 0.020; P = 0.002) and CD8+CD28+ cells (P = 0.015; P = 0.005) with age. Multivariate linear regression showed that the percentage of CD8+CD28− cells (P < 0.001) was an independent predictor of aging after adjusting for sex, body mass index, hospitalization duration, smoking, drinking, chronic medical illness, and medications at admission. In conclusion, our results suggest that aging in elderly individuals is accompanied by a decrease in the counts of T-cell subpopulations. CD8+CD28− cells may be potential targets for elderly individuals in antiaging-related immunosenescence.

Keywords: T-cell subsets; immunosenescence; elderly; aging

1 Introduction

Aging is a varied and complex process that occurs with the decline in the immune system [1,2]. T-cell subsets play a key role in the evaluation of immune status and disease course [3]. The reference values of T-cell subpopulations are currently being widely utilized to evaluate the alteration in immune status. Immunosenescence is an inevitable process characterized by the deficiency of the T-cell response as individuals age, which has been a major hallmark of aging.

Aging-related changes in T-cell phenotypic compositions are well-accepted phenomena. Studies have demonstrated that older age is associated with an inversion of the CD4/CD8 ratio, a reduction in naive T cells, and an expansion in memory and effector T cells [2,4]. This process is accompanied by the reduced expression of membrane surface molecules, such as CD45RA, CD27, and CD28 [5,6]. The expression of CD45RA differentiation markers is usually associated with naive T cells [7]. It is recognized that CD45RA re-expressing memory cells display senescence-related proliferative defects but can effectively secrete homeostatic cytokines [8]. CD27 is an immune-checkpoint receptor and plays an important role in T-cell development, activation, and survival [9]. CD28 is involved in T-cell clonal expansion, metabolic activity, and IL-2 production [10]. The loss of CD28 expression is a key indicator of replicative senescence of human T cells [11]. The above molecules have been identified as the main phenotypes involved in T-cell immunosenescence and how they change with age merit further exploration.

Age-related changes in T-cell subsets could be utilized to predict the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases, including autoimmune diseases, cancers, pathogen infections, and primary immunodeficiencies [12,13,14,15]. Immunosenescence is the primary driver of age-related diseases, such as infections, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases [16,17,18]. Modifiable risk factors, such as nutritional status, physical activity, or dietary habits, can affect the senescence of the immune system [19,20]. The T-cell subset composition with aging plays a pivotal role in determining the successful and appropriate immune response of the host. To further explore the implication of senescent T-cell phenotypes in the aging process, we investigated the interrelationship between T-cell subpopulations and age and developed an age prediction model for the elderly population.

2 Materials and methods

2.1 Study design and participants

This retrospective study consecutively recruited 127 elderly inpatients aged >60 years at the Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from December 2014 to February 2019. The patient population was separated into three age groups: 61–70 years, 71–80 years, and ≥81 years.

The exclusion criteria included the following: (1) serious infections, (2) medication regimens that could influence the immune system, (3) malignant tumor diseases, (4) autoimmune diseases, and (5) HIV infection. Patients who met any of the exclusion criteria were not enrolled in this study. Physical activity in the 7 days before admission was assessed using the physical activity scale for the elderly (PASE) scores [21]. The hospitalization duration refers to the number of days between admission and discharge.

  1. Informed consent: Informed consent has been obtained from all individuals included in this study.

  2. Ethical approval: The research related to human use has been complied with all the relevant national regulations, institutional policies, and in accordance with the tenets of the Helsinki Declaration and has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Tongji Hospital (ID: TJ-C20141112).

2.2 Flow cytometric analysis

Laboratory tests were completed by the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital. Peripheral blood specimens were collected into vacutainer tubes containing EDTA as anticoagulant. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained by density centrifugation using Lymphoprep (StemCell Technologies, Vancouver, BC, Canada). Samples were stained with the antibody cocktail for 30 min at 4°C to analyze antigen expression: CD45 Pacific Orange/CD4 Pacific Blue/CD28 PE/CD45 RA FITC/CD25 PerCP-Cy5.5 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA), and CD3 APC-H7/CD8 APC (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA). The proportions of T-cell subsets were acquired from a BD LSRFortessa flow cytometer and analyzed using BD FACS Diva 6.2 software. Absolute T subpopulation numbers were calculated as the cell proportion multiplied by the absolute number of lymphocytes. The absolute counts of lymphocytes were detected by the automatic blood cell analyzer (XN-1000, Sysmex, Kobe, Japan). Treg cells were assessed as CD3+CD4+CD25+CD127dim+ events. Isotype controls and FMO controls were used as appropriate.

2.3 Data analysis

Categorical data were described as the frequency (percentage). Continuous variables are presented as medians with interquartile range (IQR) or means with standard deviation (SD) where appropriate. Comparisons among multiple groups were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis H test, and between two groups were by Mann–Whitney U test. A chi-square test was used to analyze categorical data. Spearman rank correlation coefficient (r) and associated P values were calculated to determine the correlations between age and T-cell subpopulations. The unstandardized regression coefficient (B) was evaluated using linear regression to indicate the effect size of independent variables on dependent variables. For the decline and rise of the expression of T-cell markers with age, coefficient B represents the pace at which they change over time. Multiple linear regression was performed using a stepwise approach to develop the age prediction models. P values less than 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Statistical analyses were conducted by SPSS 24.0 (SPSS, University Chicago, IL, USA) and GraphPad Prism 8.0 (GraphPad Prism, San Diego, CA, USA).

3 Results

3.1 Profiles of samples

The baseline characteristics of the patients are shown in Table 1. The study sample consisted of 127 subjects with a mean age of 75.25 ± 9.34 years, 101 (79.5%) of whom were males. There were three age groups: youngest old, 61–70 years (n = 34, aged 64.00 ± 2.37); middle old, 71–80 years (n = 53, aged 73.74 ± 2.51); and oldest-old, ≥ 81 years (n = 40, aged 87.83 ± 4.22). Among the three groups, the oldest-old group had the lowest PASE scores (P < 0.001) and mean body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.003). Hospitalization duration was similar in the youngest-old group and the middle-old group but increased in the oldest-old group (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in other demographic variables between groups.

Table 1

Demographic characteristics of study population

Variables Youngest old (61–70 years; n = 34) Middle old (71–80 years; n = 53) Oldest old (≥81 years; n = 40) P-value
Age (years) 64.00 ± 2.37 73.74 ± 2.51a 87.83 ± 4.22a <0.001
Sex, male (%) 27 (79.4%) 42 (79.2%) 32 (80.0%) 0.996
PASE scores 176.08 (84.88–201.25) 140.20 (64.60–153.90)a 25.50 (17.07–66.58) a,b <0.001
BMI (kg/m2) 23.74 ± 2.63 23.03 ± 2.61 22.15 ± 2.31 a 0.003
Hospitalization duration (days) 10.00 (4.75–14.25) 11.00 (5.00–17.00) 18.00 (12.25–24.50)a,b <0.001
Smoking (%) 12 (35.3%) 16 (30.2%) 11 (27.5%) 0.765
Drinking (%) 9 (26.5%) 11 (20.8%) 5 (12.5%) 0.311
Chronic medical illness
 Hypertension (%) 13 (38.2%) 27 (50.9%) 25 (62.5%)a 0.115
 Diabetes (%) 7 (20.6%) 14 (26.4%) 12 (30.0%) 0.652
 Cardiovascular disease (%) 16 (47.1%) 26 (49.1%) 20 (50.0%) 0.968
 Cerebrovascular disease (%) 9 (26.5%) 14 (26.4%) 11 (27.5%) 0.992
 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (%) 6 (17.6%) 4 (7.5%) 9 (22.5%)b 0.118
 Chronic liver disease (%) 3 (8.8%) 1 (1.9%) 2 (5.0%) 0.329
 Chronic kidney disease (%) 4 (11.8%) 3 (5.7%) 7 (17.5%) 0.187
 Severe infection (%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) —
Medications at admission
 Antihypertensive drugs 13 (38.2%) 24 (45.3%) 22 (55.5%) 0.345
 Hypoglycemic agents/insulin 7 (20.6%) 13 (24.5%) 11 (27.5%) 0.788
 Statins 11 (26.8%) 18 (34.0%) 17 (42.5%) 0.601
 Anti-thrombotic agents 13 (38.2%) 19 (35.8%) 20 (50.0%) 0.363
 Oral antibiotics 1 (2.9%) 1 (1.9%) 1 (2.5%) 0.949

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range), and frequency (percentage). P-value was calculated among the three groups and statistically significant P-values are marked in bold. BMI, body mass index; PASE, physical activity scale for the elderly.

a P < 0.05 compared with the youngest-old group.

b P < 0.05 compared with the middle-old group.

3.2 Dynamic changes in T-cell subsets in different age groups

Gating strategies for flow cytometry are shown in Figure A1. The absolute counts of lymphocytes (P = 0.021), T cells (P = 0.006), CD4+ cells (P = 0.005), CD4+CD25+CD127dim+ cells (P = 0.026), CD4+CD28+ cells (P = 0.001), CD4+CD45RA+ cells (P < 0.001), CD8+CD28+ cells (P = 0.007), and CD4/CD8 ratio (P = 0.037) were significantly different in the three groups, which were significantly lower in the oldest-old group than in the youngest-old group (P < 0.05) and the middle-old group (P < 0.05). Absolute counts in different age groups are shown in Table 2.

Table 2

Absolute counts of T-cell subsets in different age groups

T-cell subsets (/μl) Youngest old (61–70 years; n = 34) Middle old (71–80 years; n = 53) Oldest old (≥81 years; n = 40) P-value
Lymphocytes 1610.00 (1330.00–2015.00) 1700.00 (1225.00–2010.00) 1265.00 (935.00–1697.50) a,b 0.021
T cells (CD3+CD45+) 1073.84 (852.36–1399.15) 1044.12 (744.35–1284.32) 717.04 (541.98–1145.76)a,b 0.006
CD4+ cells 606.45 (402.20–790.92) 525.41 (330.80–702.60) 394.33 (225.58–594.15)a,b 0.005
CD8+ cells 364.68 (305.35–580.17) 426.50 (250.70–587.42) 353.02 (203.69–493.26) 0.435
CD4+CD25+CD127dim+cells 68.59 (52.95–92.38) 65.17 (43.31–92.16) 46.94 (29.45–76.72)a,b 0.026
CD4+CD28+ cells 566.22 (350.45–706.50) 491.41 (299.49–661.30) 340.11 (185.80–524.67)a,b 0.001
CD4+CD28− cells 27.91 (7.56–52.03) 23.20 (10.48–55.78) 36.60 (15.64–56.83) 0.318
CD4+CD45RA+ cells 142.99 (80.18–256.00) 113.43 (49.78–207.20) 69.54 (36.65–125.28)a,b <0.001
CD4+CD45RA− cells 412.05 (315.25–578.85) 382.55 (266.81–524.69) 289.56 (201.85–480.58)a 0.011
CD8+CD28+ cells 216.72 (148.36–310.98) 178.54 (144.36–289.30) 139.36 (90.93–210.65)a,b 0.007
CD8+CD28− cells 166.06 (97.00–244.66) 194.77 (73.15–289.67) 178.99 (102.83–270.51) 0.686
CD8+CD45RA+ cells 157.12 (81.41–213.36) 132.57 (100.07–197.54) 123.89 (56.44–188.67) 0.477
CD8+CD45RA− cells 214.26 (142.37–363.62) 256.81 (138.32–350.78) 199.18 (126.67–325.14) 0.584
CD4/CD8 ratio 1.44 (1.06–2.00) 1.31 (0.80–1.88) 0.97 (0.70–1.59) 0.037

Data are represented as median (interquartile range). P-value was calculated among the three groups and statistically significant P-values are marked in bold.

a P < 0.05 compared with the youngest-old group.

b P < 0.05 compared with the middle-old group.

As shown in Table 3, the percentages of CD8+ cells and CD8+CD28− cells in the oldest-old group were significantly increased (P < 0.05) compared with the youngest-old group, while the percentages of CD4+CD28+ cells and CD4+CD45RA+ cells, were decreased (P < 0.05). Moreover, the percentage of CD4+CD28− cells in the oldest-old group was significantly higher than those in the youngest-old group (P < 0.05) and the middle-old group (P < 0.05)

Table 3

Proportions of T-cell subsets in different age groups

Percentages of T-cell subsets (%) Youngest old (61–70 years; n = 34) Middle old (71–80 years; n = 53) Oldest old (≥81 years; n = 40) P-value
T cells (CD3+CD45+)/lymphocytes 68.40 (60.00–75.55) 65.50 (57.50–73.05) 62.90 (50.10–71.10) 0.176
CD4+ cells/T cells 57.75 (49.22–62.87) 53.80 (40.80–61.10) 49.55 (39.98–59.50) 0.111
CD8+ cells/T cells 35.80 (30.25–41.45) 41.50 (32.55–51.30) 48.30 (35.50–54.30)a 0.013
CD4+CD25+CD127dim+cells/T cells 6.50 (5.00–7.65) 7.00 (5.55–8.35) 6.55 (4.78–8.35) 0.659
CD4+CD28+ cells/T cells 53.40 (41.60–61.60) 48.60 (37.75–59.30) 44.30 (32.70–56.90)a 0.045
CD4+CD28− cells/T cells 2.30 (0.70–4.65) 2.60 (1.05–5.60) 5.10 (1.95–11.97)a,b 0.019
CD4+CD45RA+ cells/T cells 13.2 (8.00–20.65) 13.80 (6.55–17.65) 8.85 (3.15–16.98)a 0.030
CD4+CD45RA− cells/T cells 44.10 (32.95–47.75) 39.70 (31.15–44.3) 39.90 (32.13–49.45) 0.359
CD8+CD28+ cells/T cells 19.30 (14.15–26.45) 18.30 (14.75–23.70) 18.60 (13.90–25.18) 0.723
CD8+CD28− cells/T cells 13.80 (10.70–20.10) 19.80 (11.50–30.75)a 24.90 (19.10–34.45)a 0.001
CD8+CD45RA+ cells/T cells 14.3 (8.90–18.90) 13.1 (10.05–19.35) 18.20 (9.20–22.65) 0.291
CD8+CD45RA− cells/T cells 21.20 (15.60–28.60) 23.70 (17.1–29.85) 27.70 (20.55–35.95) 0.055

Data are represented as median (interquartile range). P-value was calculated among the three groups and statistically significant P-values are marked in bold.

a P < 0.05 compared with the youngest-old group.

b P < 0.05 compared with the middle-old group.

3.3 Correlations between age and T-cell subsets

There is skewness in the female/male ratio, so we used different colors to represent different sexes in Spearman's correlation analysis. Both females and males demonstrated significant decreases in the absolute counts of CD4+CD25+CD127dim+ cells (r = −0.525, P = 0.007, B = −2.057; r = −0.217, P = 0.029, B = −0.780), CD4+CD45RA+ cells (r = −0.464, P = 0.020, B = −5.751; r = −0.306, P = 0.002, B = −3.902), and CD8+CD28+ cells (r = −0.482, P = 0.015, B = −4.595; r = −0.281, P = 0.005, B = −3.754) with age. Decreases in the absolute counts of CD4+ cells (r = −0.342, P < 0.001, B = −10.105), CD4+CD28+ cells (r = −0.381, P < 0.001, B = −11.138), CD4+CD45RA− cells (r = −0.306, P = 0.002, B = −6.424), and CD4/CD8 ratio (r = −0.236, P = 0.019, B = −0.019) were observed with increasing age only in the male elderly. Correlation analysis between absolute counts of T-cell subsets and age is shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 Correlation analysis between absolute counts of T-cell subsets and age. (a–g) Correlation between age and absolute counts of CD4+ cells, CD4+CD25+CD127dim+ cells, CD4+CD28+ cells, CD4+CD45RA+ cells, CD4+CD45RA− cells, CD8+CD28+ cells, and CD4/CD8 ratio. Red indicates females, and blue indicates males.
Figure 1

Correlation analysis between absolute counts of T-cell subsets and age. (a–g) Correlation between age and absolute counts of CD4+ cells, CD4+CD25+CD127dim+ cells, CD4+CD28+ cells, CD4+CD45RA+ cells, CD4+CD45RA− cells, CD8+CD28+ cells, and CD4/CD8 ratio. Red indicates females, and blue indicates males.

For T-cell proportions, no independent correlation between age and T-cell subsets was shown in females. The percentages of CD8+ cells (r = 0.313, P = 0.002, B = 0.423), CD4+CD28− cells (r = 0.278, P = 0.005, B = 0.148), and CD8+CD28− cells (r = 0.384, P < 0.001, B = 0.519) were all positively correlated with aging in males. In contrast, a decreasing trend in the percentages of CD4+CD28+ cells (r = −0.311, P = 0.002, B = −0.473) and CD4+45RA+ cells (r = −0.223, P = 0.026, B = −0.187) was found to be associated with aging in males. Correlation analysis between proportions of T-cell subsets and age is shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2 Correlation analysis between proportions of T-cell subsets and age. (a–e) Correlation between age and proportions of CD8+ cells, CD4+CD28+ cells, CD4+CD28− cells, CD4+CD45RA+ cells, and CD8+CD28− cells. Red indicates females, and blue indicates males.
Figure 2

Correlation analysis between proportions of T-cell subsets and age. (a–e) Correlation between age and proportions of CD8+ cells, CD4+CD28+ cells, CD4+CD28− cells, CD4+CD45RA+ cells, and CD8+CD28− cells. Red indicates females, and blue indicates males.

3.4 Multiple linear regression analysis

Table 4 features the multivariate linear regression showing independent predictor variables for aging, including PASE scores (B = −0.06, P < 0.001), history of hypertension (B = 3.37, P = 0.012), the percentages of total T cells (B = −0.12, P = 0.018), and CD8+CD28− cells (B = 0.24, P < 0.001). Further adjusted for sex, BMI, hospitalization duration, smoking, drinking, chronic medical illness, and medications at admission, PASE scores (B = −0.07, P < 0.001), history of hypertension (B = 6.51, P = 0.024), and the percentage of CD8+CD28− cells (B = 0.20, P < 0.001) were still independent predictors.

Table 4

Association between T-cell subsets, clinical data, and age using multivariable linear regression analysis

Biomarker Model 1 Model 2
B (95% CI) P-value B (95% CI) P-value
PASE scores −0.06 (−0.08 to –0.03) <0.001 −0.07 (−0.09 to –0.04) <0.001
Hypertension 3.37 (0.77 to 5.97) 0.012 6.51 (0.86 to 12.16) 0.024
T cells (CD3+CD45+)/lymphocytes (%) −0.12 (−0.22 to–0.02) 0.018 −0.11 (−0.21 to 0.01) 0.052
CD8+CD28− cells/T cells (%) 0.24 (0.13 to 0.36) <0.001 0.20 (0.08 to 0.32) <0.001

Model 1: results of stepwise multiple linear regression; model 2: further adjusted for sex, BMI, hospitalization duration, smoking, drinking, chronic medical illness, and medications at admission. Statistically significant P-values are marked in bold. BMI, body mass index. PASE, physical activity scale for the elderly.

4 Discussion

By 2050, the world population aged 60 years and older will account for approximately 22%, more than double the 10% of the elderly population in 2010 [22]. As the aging population rapidly grows, the complex physiological process of aging leads to a serious increase in the social medical burden [22,23]. In this study, we measured T-cell subpopulations to identify aging-associated factors in elderly individuals and found that the percentage of CD8+CD28− cells was an independent predictor.

In accordance with previous studies, our results demonstrated that indicated alterations in CD4+ T-cell subsets with aging characterized by a decline in the expression of CD28 and CD45RA [24]. No significant differences in the absolute counts of T-cell subsets were observed between the youngest-old group and the middle-old group, which demonstrated a significant T-cell exhaustion in the elderly patients over 80 years old. However, the differences between the three age groups cannot determine when changes in T-cell markers start and further studies are necessary. Although our results showed no statistically significant correlation between the majority of T-cell subsets and age in the female elderly, similar trends were apparent in the male elderly. Our multivariate regression analysis was performed to adjust for the skewness in the data.

There was no significant difference in the expression of CD45RA on CD8+ T cells between the three age groups in this study. These findings indicated that the proliferation ability of CD4+ cells might be impaired more significantly with age than that of CD8+ cells in the elderly population [25]. It has been proposed that T cells can be divided into naive T cells (CCR7+CD45RA+), central memory T cells (CCR7+CD45RA−), effector memory T cells (CCR7−CD45RA−), and terminally differentiated T cells (CCR7−CD45RA+). The expression of CCR7 was not measured in our samples, which requires investigation in the future.

With increasing age, healthy individuals usually experience a loss of CD28 expression [26]. Similar to previous results [26,27], the percentages of CD8+CD28− cells and CD4+CD28− cells were highest in the oldest-old group and then followed by the middle-old group, while the youngest-old group was lowest. Lack of CD28 expression could inhibit T-cell survival and cytokine production in elderly individuals [11,28]. In addition, the results of multiple linear regression showed that CD8+CD28− was an independent index for predicting age. Regarding the correlations between age and proportions of T-cell subsets, the highest coefficient B for the percentages of CD8+CD28− cells indicates that this subpopulation has increased with aging at the fastest pace (Figure 2e). To date, CD8+CD28− T-cell alterations have been reported to be a strong contributor to age-related diseases such as diabetes [29], cardiovascular diseases [30], and chronic infections [31].

This present study indicated that the absolute count of CD4+CD25+CD127dim+ cells in the oldest-old group was significantly lower than that in the youngest-old group and the middle-old group, which was similar to previous reports [32]. Autoimmune diseases and inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis [33], systemic lupus erythematosus [34], and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection [35] can also decrease CD4+CD25+CD127dim+ cells. The gradually decreased count of CD4+CD25+CD127dim+ cells might exacerbate dysregulation of immune homeostasis and impact the progression of diseases [36,37]. Further investigation into the role of CD4+CD25+CD127dim+ cells in elderly individuals is warranted.

Alterations in T-cell subsets with aging may lead to the development of chronic diseases and frailty status [38,39], and several lifestyle modifications can prevent or slow down the age-related decline in health [40]. Previous studies demonstrated that exercise induced increased expression of CD28 and CD45RA on the T-cell surface [41,42]. Vitamin supplementation could affect the levels of CD28+ T-cell subsets [43,44]. Caloric restriction has been shown to attenuate the age-related shift from naive to memory T cells in aged animals [45]. Regular physical exercise and appropriate nutritional interventions could help older populations avoid immune-related diseases, which merits further investigation.

The present study focused on the alteration of T-cell subsets with age in older people. There are some limitations to this study. First, the ratio of women to men in the included individuals stood at 1:4. Second, our analysis was based on a single-center retrospective study. Third, due to the retrospective design, CCR7 and cytokines cannot be complemented for detection and need further exploration. Finally, the major limitation of this study is the inability to provide isotype controls and FMO controls.

5 Conclusions

The present study suggests that aging in the elderly population is accompanied by a decrease in the count of T-cell subsets, characterized by a decline in the expression of CD28 and CD45RA. Furthermore, CD8+CD28− cells could be a useful factor in the age prediction model. This study reports the correlation between T-cell subpopulations and age among elderly individuals, which could be used to guide immunological evaluation for anti-aging strategies.

# These authors contributed equally to this work.

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Acknowledgements

We are extremely grateful to all participants who contributed to this study.

  1. Funding information: This work is supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2021A1515220123) and National Key R&D Program of China (2020YFC2008000).

  2. Conflict of interest: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  3. Data availability statement: The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Appendix

Figure A1 Gating strategies for flow cytometry.
Figure A1

Gating strategies for flow cytometry.

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Received: 2022-05-28
Revised: 2022-11-23
Accepted: 2023-01-02
Published Online: 2023-02-09

© 2023 the author(s), published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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  215. Comparing the differences of prokaryotic microbial community between pit walls and bottom from Chinese liquor revealed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing
  216. Effects of cadmium stress on fruits germination and growth of two herbage species
  217. Bamboo charcoal affects soil properties and bacterial community in tea plantations
  218. Optimization of biogas potential using kinetic models, response surface methodology, and instrumental evidence for biodegradation of tannery fleshings during anaerobic digestion
  219. Understory vegetation diversity patterns of Platycladus orientalis and Pinus elliottii communities in Central and Southern China
  220. Studies on macrofungi diversity and discovery of new species of Abortiporus from Baotianman World Biosphere Reserve
  221. Food Science
  222. Effect of berrycactus fruit (Myrtillocactus geometrizans) on glutamate, glutamine, and GABA levels in the frontal cortex of rats fed with a high-fat diet
  223. Guesstimate of thymoquinone diversity in Nigella sativa L. genotypes and elite varieties collected from Indian states using HPTLC technique
  224. Analysis of bacterial community structure of Fuzhuan tea with different processing techniques
  225. Untargeted metabolomics reveals sour jujube kernel benefiting the nutritional value and flavor of Morchella esculenta
  226. Mycobiota in Slovak wine grapes: A case study from the small Carpathians wine region
  227. Elemental analysis of Fadogia ancylantha leaves used as a nutraceutical in Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe
  228. Microbiological transglutaminase: Biotechnological application in the food industry
  229. Influence of solvent-free extraction of fish oil from catfish (Clarias magur) heads using a Taguchi orthogonal array design: A qualitative and quantitative approach
  230. Chromatographic analysis of the chemical composition and anticancer activities of Curcuma longa extract cultivated in Palestine
  231. The potential for the use of leghemoglobin and plant ferritin as sources of iron
  232. Investigating the association between dietary patterns and glycemic control among children and adolescents with T1DM
  233. Bioengineering and Biotechnology
  234. Biocompatibility and osteointegration capability of β-TCP manufactured by stereolithography 3D printing: In vitro study
  235. Clinical characteristics and the prognosis of diabetic foot in Tibet: A single center, retrospective study
  236. Agriculture
  237. Biofertilizer and NPSB fertilizer application effects on nodulation and productivity of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) at Sodo Zuria, Southern Ethiopia
  238. On correlation between canopy vegetation and growth indexes of maize varieties with different nitrogen efficiencies
  239. Exopolysaccharides from Pseudomonas tolaasii inhibit the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelia
  240. A transcriptomic evaluation of the mechanism of programmed cell death of the replaceable bud in Chinese chestnut
  241. Melatonin enhances salt tolerance in sorghum by modulating photosynthetic performance, osmoregulation, antioxidant defense, and ion homeostasis
  242. Effects of plant density on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seed yield in western Heilongjiang areas
  243. Identification of rice leaf diseases and deficiency disorders using a novel DeepBatch technique
  244. Artificial intelligence and internet of things oriented sustainable precision farming: Towards modern agriculture
  245. Animal Sciences
  246. Effect of ketogenic diet on exercise tolerance and transcriptome of gastrocnemius in mice
  247. Combined analysis of mRNA–miRNA from testis tissue in Tibetan sheep with different FecB genotypes
  248. Isolation, identification, and drug resistance of a partially isolated bacterium from the gill of Siniperca chuatsi
  249. Tracking behavioral changes of confined sows from the first mating to the third parity
  250. The sequencing of the key genes and end products in the TLR4 signaling pathway from the kidney of Rana dybowskii exposed to Aeromonas hydrophila
  251. Development of a new candidate vaccine against piglet diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli
  252. Plant Sciences
  253. Crown and diameter structure of pure Pinus massoniana Lamb. forest in Hunan province, China
  254. Genetic evaluation and germplasm identification analysis on ITS2, trnL-F, and psbA-trnH of alfalfa varieties germplasm resources
  255. Tissue culture and rapid propagation technology for Gentiana rhodantha
  256. Effects of cadmium on the synthesis of active ingredients in Salvia miltiorrhiza
  257. Cloning and expression analysis of VrNAC13 gene in mung bean
  258. Chlorate-induced molecular floral transition revealed by transcriptomes
  259. Effects of warming and drought on growth and development of soybean in Hailun region
  260. Effects of different light conditions on transient expression and biomass in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves
  261. Comparative analysis of the rhizosphere microbiome and medicinally active ingredients of Atractylodes lancea from different geographical origins
  262. Distinguish Dianthus species or varieties based on chloroplast genomes
  263. Comparative transcriptomes reveal molecular mechanisms of apple blossoms of different tolerance genotypes to chilling injury
  264. Study on fresh processing key technology and quality influence of Cut Ophiopogonis Radix based on multi-index evaluation
  265. An advanced approach for fig leaf disease detection and classification: Leveraging image processing and enhanced support vector machine methodology
  266. Erratum
  267. Erratum to “Protein Z modulates the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells”
  268. Erratum to “BRCA1 subcellular localization regulated by PI3K signaling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and hormone-sensitive T47D cells”
  269. Retraction
  270. Retraction to “Protocatechuic acid attenuates cerebral aneurysm formation and progression by inhibiting TNF-alpha/Nrf-2/NF-kB-mediated inflammatory mechanisms in experimental rats”
https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0557
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
T-cell subsets; immunosenescence; elderly; aging
Creative Commons
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Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Biomedical Sciences
  2. Systemic investigation of inetetamab in combination with small molecules to treat HER2-overexpressing breast and gastric cancers
  3. Immunosuppressive treatment for idiopathic membranous nephropathy: An updated network meta-analysis
  4. Identifying two pathogenic variants in a patient with pigmented paravenous retinochoroidal atrophy
  5. Effects of phytoestrogens combined with cold stress on sperm parameters and testicular proteomics in rats
  6. A case of pulmonary embolism with bad warfarin anticoagulant effects caused by E. coli infection
  7. Neutrophilia with subclinical Cushing’s disease: A case report and literature review
  8. Isoimperatorin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced periodontitis by downregulating ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathways
  9. Immunoregulation of synovial macrophages for the treatment of osteoarthritis
  10. Novel CPLANE1 c.8948dupT (p.P2984Tfs*7) variant in a child patient with Joubert syndrome
  11. Antiphospholipid antibodies and the risk of thrombosis in myeloproliferative neoplasms
  12. Immunological responses of septic rats to combination therapy with thymosin α1 and vitamin C
  13. High glucose and high lipid induced mitochondrial dysfunction in JEG-3 cells through oxidative stress
  14. Pharmacological inhibition of the ubiquitin-specific protease 8 effectively suppresses glioblastoma cell growth
  15. Levocarnitine regulates the growth of angiotensin II-induced myocardial fibrosis cells via TIMP-1
  16. Age-related changes in peripheral T-cell subpopulations in elderly individuals: An observational study
  17. Single-cell transcription analysis reveals the tumor origin and heterogeneity of human bilateral renal clear cell carcinoma
  18. Identification of iron metabolism-related genes as diagnostic signatures in sepsis by blood transcriptomic analysis
  19. Long noncoding RNA ACART knockdown decreases 3T3-L1 preadipocyte proliferation and differentiation
  20. Surgery, adjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy and radiotherapy for primary malignant melanoma of the parotid gland (PGMM): A case report
  21. Dosimetry comparison with helical tomotherapy, volumetric modulated arc therapy, and intensity-modulated radiotherapy for grade II gliomas: A single‑institution case series
  22. Soy isoflavone reduces LPS-induced acute lung injury via increasing aquaporin 1 and aquaporin 5 in rats
  23. Refractory hypokalemia with sexual dysplasia and infertility caused by 17α-hydroxylase deficiency and triple X syndrome: A case report
  24. Meta-analysis of cancer risk among end stage renal disease undergoing maintenance dialysis
  25. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase inhibition arrests growth and induces apoptosis in gastric cancer via AMPK activation and oxidative stress
  26. Experimental study on the optimization of ANM33 release in foam cells
  27. Primary retroperitoneal angiosarcoma: A case report
  28. Metabolomic analysis-identified 2-hydroxybutyric acid might be a key metabolite of severe preeclampsia
  29. Malignant pleural effusion diagnosis and therapy
  30. Effect of spaceflight on the phenotype and proteome of Escherichia coli
  31. Comparison of immunotherapy combined with stereotactic radiotherapy and targeted therapy for patients with brain metastases: A systemic review and meta-analysis
  32. Activation of hypermethylated P2RY1 mitigates gastric cancer by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation
  33. Association between the VEGFR-2 -604T/C polymorphism (rs2071559) and type 2 diabetic retinopathy
  34. The role of IL-31 and IL-34 in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic periodontitis
  35. Triple-negative mouse breast cancer initiating cells show high expression of beta1 integrin and increased malignant features
  36. mNGS facilitates the accurate diagnosis and antibiotic treatment of suspicious critical CNS infection in real practice: A retrospective study
  37. The apatinib and pemetrexed combination has antitumor and antiangiogenic effects against NSCLC
  38. Radiotherapy for primary thyroid adenoid cystic carcinoma
  39. Design and functional preliminary investigation of recombinant antigen EgG1Y162–EgG1Y162 against Echinococcus granulosus
  40. Effects of losartan in patients with NAFLD: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial
  41. Bibliometric analysis of METTL3: Current perspectives, highlights, and trending topics
  42. Performance comparison of three scaling algorithms in NMR-based metabolomics analysis
  43. PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and its related molecules participate in PROK1 silence-induced anti-tumor effects on pancreatic cancer
  44. The altered expression of cytoskeletal and synaptic remodeling proteins during epilepsy
  45. Effects of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on lymphocytes and white blood cells of patients with malignant tumor
  46. Prostatitis as initial manifestation of Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia diagnosed by metagenome next-generation sequencing: A case report
  47. NUDT21 relieves sevoflurane-induced neurological damage in rats by down-regulating LIMK2
  48. Association of interleukin-10 rs1800896, rs1800872, and interleukin-6 rs1800795 polymorphisms with squamous cell carcinoma risk: A meta-analysis
  49. Exosomal HBV-DNA for diagnosis and treatment monitoring of chronic hepatitis B
  50. Shear stress leads to the dysfunction of endothelial cells through the Cav-1-mediated KLF2/eNOS/ERK signaling pathway under physiological conditions
  51. Interaction between the PI3K/AKT pathway and mitochondrial autophagy in macrophages and the leukocyte count in rats with LPS-induced pulmonary infection
  52. Meta-analysis of the rs231775 locus polymorphism in the CTLA-4 gene and the susceptibility to Graves’ disease in children
  53. Cloning, subcellular localization and expression of phosphate transporter gene HvPT6 of hulless barley
  54. Coptisine mitigates diabetic nephropathy via repressing the NRLP3 inflammasome
  55. Significant elevated CXCL14 and decreased IL-39 levels in patients with tuberculosis
  56. Whole-exome sequencing applications in prenatal diagnosis of fetal bowel dilatation
  57. Gemella morbillorum infective endocarditis: A case report and literature review
  58. An unusual ectopic thymoma clonal evolution analysis: A case report
  59. Severe cumulative skin toxicity during toripalimab combined with vemurafenib following toripalimab alone
  60. Detection of V. vulnificus septic shock with ARDS using mNGS
  61. Novel rare genetic variants of familial and sporadic pulmonary atresia identified by whole-exome sequencing
  62. The influence and mechanistic action of sperm DNA fragmentation index on the outcomes of assisted reproduction technology
  63. Novel compound heterozygous mutations in TELO2 in an infant with You-Hoover-Fong syndrome: A case report and literature review
  64. ctDNA as a prognostic biomarker in resectable CLM: Systematic review and meta-analysis
  65. Diagnosis of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: A case report
  66. Phylogenetic analysis of promoter regions of human Dolichol kinase (DOLK) and orthologous genes using bioinformatics tools
  67. Collagen changes in rabbit conjunctiva after conjunctival crosslinking
  68. Effects of NM23 transfection of human gastric carcinoma cells in mice
  69. Oral nifedipine and phytosterol, intravenous nicardipine, and oral nifedipine only: Three-arm, retrospective, cohort study for management of severe preeclampsia
  70. Case report of hepatic retiform hemangioendothelioma: A rare tumor treated with ultrasound-guided microwave ablation
  71. Curcumin induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by decreasing the expression of STAT3/VEGF/HIF-1α signaling
  72. Rare presentation of double-clonal Waldenström macroglobulinemia with pulmonary embolism: A case report
  73. Giant duplication of the transverse colon in an adult: A case report and literature review
  74. Ectopic thyroid tissue in the breast: A case report
  75. SDR16C5 promotes proliferation and migration and inhibits apoptosis in pancreatic cancer
  76. Vaginal metastasis from breast cancer: A case report
  77. Screening of the best time window for MSC transplantation to treat acute myocardial infarction with SDF-1α antibody-loaded targeted ultrasonic microbubbles: An in vivo study in miniswine
  78. Inhibition of TAZ impairs the migration ability of melanoma cells
  79. Molecular complexity analysis of the diagnosis of Gitelman syndrome in China
  80. Effects of maternal calcium and protein intake on the development and bone metabolism of offspring mice
  81. Identification of winter wheat pests and diseases based on improved convolutional neural network
  82. Ultra-multiplex PCR technique to guide treatment of Aspergillus-infected aortic valve prostheses
  83. Virtual high-throughput screening: Potential inhibitors targeting aminopeptidase N (CD13) and PIKfyve for SARS-CoV-2
  84. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients with COVID-19
  85. Utility of methylene blue mixed with autologous blood in preoperative localization of pulmonary nodules and masses
  86. Integrated analysis of the microbiome and transcriptome in stomach adenocarcinoma
  87. Berberine suppressed sarcopenia insulin resistance through SIRT1-mediated mitophagy
  88. DUSP2 inhibits the progression of lupus nephritis in mice by regulating the STAT3 pathway
  89. Lung abscess by Fusobacterium nucleatum and Streptococcus spp. co-infection by mNGS: A case series
  90. Genetic alterations of KRAS and TP53 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma associated with poor prognosis
  91. Granulomatous polyangiitis involving the fourth ventricle: Report of a rare case and a literature review
  92. Studying infant mortality: A demographic analysis based on data mining models
  93. Metaplastic breast carcinoma with osseous differentiation: A report of a rare case and literature review
  94. Protein Z modulates the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells
  95. Inhibition of pyroptosis and apoptosis by capsaicin protects against LPS-induced acute kidney injury through TRPV1/UCP2 axis in vitro
  96. TAK-242, a toll-like receptor 4 antagonist, against brain injury by alleviates autophagy and inflammation in rats
  97. Primary mediastinum Ewing’s sarcoma with pleural effusion: A case report and literature review
  98. Association of ADRB2 gene polymorphisms and intestinal microbiota in Chinese Han adolescents
  99. Tanshinone IIA alleviates chondrocyte apoptosis and extracellular matrix degeneration by inhibiting ferroptosis
  100. Study on the cytokines related to SARS-Cov-2 in testicular cells and the interaction network between cells based on scRNA-seq data
  101. Effect of periostin on bone metabolic and autophagy factors during tooth eruption in mice
  102. HP1 induces ferroptosis of renal tubular epithelial cells through NRF2 pathway in diabetic nephropathy
  103. Intravaginal estrogen management in postmenopausal patients with vaginal squamous intraepithelial lesions along with CO2 laser ablation: A retrospective study
  104. Hepatocellular carcinoma cell differentiation trajectory predicts immunotherapy, potential therapeutic drugs, and prognosis of patients
  105. Effects of physical exercise on biomarkers of oxidative stress in healthy subjects: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
  106. Identification of lysosome-related genes in connection with prognosis and immune cell infiltration for drug candidates in head and neck cancer
  107. Development of an instrument-free and low-cost ELISA dot-blot test to detect antibodies against SARS-CoV-2
  108. Research progress on gas signal molecular therapy for Parkinson’s disease
  109. Adiponectin inhibits TGF-β1-induced skin fibroblast proliferation and phenotype transformation via the p38 MAPK signaling pathway
  110. The G protein-coupled receptor-related gene signatures for predicting prognosis and immunotherapy response in bladder urothelial carcinoma
  111. α-Fetoprotein contributes to the malignant biological properties of AFP-producing gastric cancer
  112. CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 axis in placenta tissues of patients with placenta previa
  113. Association between thyroid stimulating hormone levels and papillary thyroid cancer risk: A meta-analysis
  114. Significance of sTREM-1 and sST2 combined diagnosis for sepsis detection and prognosis prediction
  115. Diagnostic value of serum neuroactive substances in the acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease complicated with depression
  116. Research progress of AMP-activated protein kinase and cardiac aging
  117. TRIM29 knockdown prevented the colon cancer progression through decreasing the ubiquitination levels of KRT5
  118. Cross-talk between gut microbiota and liver steatosis: Complications and therapeutic target
  119. Metastasis from small cell lung cancer to ovary: A case report
  120. The early diagnosis and pathogenic mechanisms of sepsis-related acute kidney injury
  121. The effect of NK cell therapy on sepsis secondary to lung cancer: A case report
  122. Erianin alleviates collagen-induced arthritis in mice by inhibiting Th17 cell differentiation
  123. Loss of ACOX1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma and its correlation with clinical features
  124. Signalling pathways in the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells
  125. Crosstalk between lactic acid and immune regulation and its value in the diagnosis and treatment of liver failure
  126. Clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of gastric pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma
  127. Traumatic brain injury and rTMS-ERPs: Case report and literature review
  128. Extracellular fibrin promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression through integrin β1/PTEN/AKT signaling
  129. Knockdown of DLK4 inhibits non-small cell lung cancer tumor growth by downregulating CKS2
  130. The co-expression pattern of VEGFR-2 with indicators related to proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation of anagen hair follicles
  131. Inflammation-related signaling pathways in tendinopathy
  132. CD4+ T cell count in HIV/TB co-infection and co-occurrence with HL: Case report and literature review
  133. Clinical analysis of severe Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia: Case series study
  134. Bioinformatics analysis to identify potential biomarkers for the pulmonary artery hypertension associated with the basement membrane
  135. Influence of MTHFR polymorphism, alone or in combination with smoking and alcohol consumption, on cancer susceptibility
  136. Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don counteracts the ampicillin resistance in multiple antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by downregulation of PBP2a synthesis
  137. Combination of a bronchogenic cyst in the thoracic spinal canal with chronic myelocytic leukemia
  138. Bacterial lipoprotein plays an important role in the macrophage autophagy and apoptosis induced by Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus
  139. TCL1A+ B cells predict prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer through integrative analysis of single-cell and bulk transcriptomic data
  140. Ezrin promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression via the Hippo signaling pathway
  141. Ferroptosis: A potential target of macrophages in plaque vulnerability
  142. Predicting pediatric Crohn's disease based on six mRNA-constructed risk signature using comprehensive bioinformatic approaches
  143. Applications of genetic code expansion and photosensitive UAAs in studying membrane proteins
  144. HK2 contributes to the proliferation, migration, and invasion of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells by enhancing the ERK1/2 signaling pathway
  145. IL-17 in osteoarthritis: A narrative review
  146. Circadian cycle and neuroinflammation
  147. Probiotic management and inflammatory factors as a novel treatment in cirrhosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  148. Hemorrhagic meningioma with pulmonary metastasis: Case report and literature review
  149. SPOP regulates the expression profiles and alternative splicing events in human hepatocytes
  150. Knockdown of SETD5 inhibited glycolysis and tumor growth in gastric cancer cells by down-regulating Akt signaling pathway
  151. PTX3 promotes IVIG resistance-induced endothelial injury in Kawasaki disease by regulating the NF-κB pathway
  152. Pancreatic ectopic thyroid tissue: A case report and analysis of literature
  153. The prognostic impact of body mass index on female breast cancer patients in underdeveloped regions of northern China differs by menopause status and tumor molecular subtype
  154. Report on a case of liver-originating malignant melanoma of unknown primary
  155. Case report: Herbal treatment of neutropenic enterocolitis after chemotherapy for breast cancer
  156. The fibroblast growth factor–Klotho axis at molecular level
  157. Characterization of amiodarone action on currents in hERG-T618 gain-of-function mutations
  158. A case report of diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of Listeria monocytogenes meningitis with NGS
  159. Effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma on new bone formation and viability of a Marburg bone graft
  160. Small breast epithelial mucin as a useful prognostic marker for breast cancer patients
  161. Continuous non-adherent culture promotes transdifferentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells into retinal lineage
  162. Nrf3 alleviates oxidative stress and promotes the survival of colon cancer cells by activating AKT/BCL-2 signal pathway
  163. Favorable response to surufatinib in a patient with necrolytic migratory erythema: A case report
  164. Case report of atypical undernutrition of hypoproteinemia type
  165. Down-regulation of COL1A1 inhibits tumor-associated fibroblast activation and mediates matrix remodeling in the tumor microenvironment of breast cancer
  166. Sarcoma protein kinase inhibition alleviates liver fibrosis by promoting hepatic stellate cells ferroptosis
  167. Research progress of serum eosinophil in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma
  168. Clinicopathological characteristics of co-existing or mixed colorectal cancer and neuroendocrine tumor: Report of five cases
  169. Role of menopausal hormone therapy in the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis
  170. Precisional detection of lymph node metastasis using tFCM in colorectal cancer
  171. Advances in diagnosis and treatment of perimenopausal syndrome
  172. A study of forensic genetics: ITO index distribution and kinship judgment between two individuals
  173. Acute lupus pneumonitis resembling miliary tuberculosis: A case-based review
  174. Plasma levels of CD36 and glutathione as biomarkers for ruptured intracranial aneurysm
  175. Fractalkine modulates pulmonary angiogenesis and tube formation by modulating CX3CR1 and growth factors in PVECs
  176. Novel risk prediction models for deep vein thrombosis after thoracotomy and thoracoscopic lung cancer resections, involving coagulation and immune function
  177. Exploring the diagnostic markers of essential tremor: A study based on machine learning algorithms
  178. Evaluation of effects of small-incision approach treatment on proximal tibia fracture by deep learning algorithm-based magnetic resonance imaging
  179. An online diagnosis method for cancer lesions based on intelligent imaging analysis
  180. Medical imaging in rheumatoid arthritis: A review on deep learning approach
  181. Predictive analytics in smart healthcare for child mortality prediction using a machine learning approach
  182. Utility of neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and platelet–lymphocyte ratio in predicting acute-on-chronic liver failure survival
  183. A biomedical decision support system for meta-analysis of bilateral upper-limb training in stroke patients with hemiplegia
  184. TNF-α and IL-8 levels are positively correlated with hypobaric hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary vascular remodeling in rats
  185. Stochastic gradient descent optimisation for convolutional neural network for medical image segmentation
  186. Comparison of the prognostic value of four different critical illness scores in patients with sepsis-induced coagulopathy
  187. Application and teaching of computer molecular simulation embedded technology and artificial intelligence in drug research and development
  188. Hepatobiliary surgery based on intelligent image segmentation technology
  189. Value of brain injury-related indicators based on neural network in the diagnosis of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
  190. Analysis of early diagnosis methods for asymmetric dementia in brain MR images based on genetic medical technology
  191. Early diagnosis for the onset of peri-implantitis based on artificial neural network
  192. Clinical significance of the detection of serum IgG4 and IgG4/IgG ratio in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy
  193. Forecast of pain degree of lumbar disc herniation based on back propagation neural network
  194. SPA-UNet: A liver tumor segmentation network based on fused multi-scale features
  195. Systematic evaluation of clinical efficacy of CYP1B1 gene polymorphism in EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer observed by medical image
  196. Rehabilitation effect of intelligent rehabilitation training system on hemiplegic limb spasms after stroke
  197. A novel approach for minimising anti-aliasing effects in EEG data acquisition
  198. ErbB4 promotes M2 activation of macrophages in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
  199. Clinical role of CYP1B1 gene polymorphism in prediction of postoperative chemotherapy efficacy in NSCLC based on individualized health model
  200. Lung nodule segmentation via semi-residual multi-resolution neural networks
  201. Evaluation of brain nerve function in ICU patients with Delirium by deep learning algorithm-based resting state MRI
  202. A data mining technique for detecting malignant mesothelioma cancer using multiple regression analysis
  203. Markov model combined with MR diffusion tensor imaging for predicting the onset of Alzheimer’s disease
  204. Effectiveness of the treatment of depression associated with cancer and neuroimaging changes in depression-related brain regions in patients treated with the mediator-deuterium acupuncture method
  205. Molecular mechanism of colorectal cancer and screening of molecular markers based on bioinformatics analysis
  206. Monitoring and evaluation of anesthesia depth status data based on neuroscience
  207. Exploring the conformational dynamics and thermodynamics of EGFR S768I and G719X + S768I mutations in non-small cell lung cancer: An in silico approaches
  208. Optimised feature selection-driven convolutional neural network using gray level co-occurrence matrix for detection of cervical cancer
  209. Incidence of different pressure patterns of spinal cerebellar ataxia and analysis of imaging and genetic diagnosis
  210. Pathogenic bacteria and treatment resistance in older cardiovascular disease patients with lung infection and risk prediction model
  211. Adoption value of support vector machine algorithm-based computed tomography imaging in the diagnosis of secondary pulmonary fungal infections in patients with malignant hematological disorders
  212. From slides to insights: Harnessing deep learning for prognostic survival prediction in human colorectal cancer histology
  213. Ecology and Environmental Science
  214. Monitoring of hourly carbon dioxide concentration under different land use types in arid ecosystem
  215. Comparing the differences of prokaryotic microbial community between pit walls and bottom from Chinese liquor revealed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing
  216. Effects of cadmium stress on fruits germination and growth of two herbage species
  217. Bamboo charcoal affects soil properties and bacterial community in tea plantations
  218. Optimization of biogas potential using kinetic models, response surface methodology, and instrumental evidence for biodegradation of tannery fleshings during anaerobic digestion
  219. Understory vegetation diversity patterns of Platycladus orientalis and Pinus elliottii communities in Central and Southern China
  220. Studies on macrofungi diversity and discovery of new species of Abortiporus from Baotianman World Biosphere Reserve
  221. Food Science
  222. Effect of berrycactus fruit (Myrtillocactus geometrizans) on glutamate, glutamine, and GABA levels in the frontal cortex of rats fed with a high-fat diet
  223. Guesstimate of thymoquinone diversity in Nigella sativa L. genotypes and elite varieties collected from Indian states using HPTLC technique
  224. Analysis of bacterial community structure of Fuzhuan tea with different processing techniques
  225. Untargeted metabolomics reveals sour jujube kernel benefiting the nutritional value and flavor of Morchella esculenta
  226. Mycobiota in Slovak wine grapes: A case study from the small Carpathians wine region
  227. Elemental analysis of Fadogia ancylantha leaves used as a nutraceutical in Mashonaland West Province, Zimbabwe
  228. Microbiological transglutaminase: Biotechnological application in the food industry
  229. Influence of solvent-free extraction of fish oil from catfish (Clarias magur) heads using a Taguchi orthogonal array design: A qualitative and quantitative approach
  230. Chromatographic analysis of the chemical composition and anticancer activities of Curcuma longa extract cultivated in Palestine
  231. The potential for the use of leghemoglobin and plant ferritin as sources of iron
  232. Investigating the association between dietary patterns and glycemic control among children and adolescents with T1DM
  233. Bioengineering and Biotechnology
  234. Biocompatibility and osteointegration capability of β-TCP manufactured by stereolithography 3D printing: In vitro study
  235. Clinical characteristics and the prognosis of diabetic foot in Tibet: A single center, retrospective study
  236. Agriculture
  237. Biofertilizer and NPSB fertilizer application effects on nodulation and productivity of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) at Sodo Zuria, Southern Ethiopia
  238. On correlation between canopy vegetation and growth indexes of maize varieties with different nitrogen efficiencies
  239. Exopolysaccharides from Pseudomonas tolaasii inhibit the growth of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelia
  240. A transcriptomic evaluation of the mechanism of programmed cell death of the replaceable bud in Chinese chestnut
  241. Melatonin enhances salt tolerance in sorghum by modulating photosynthetic performance, osmoregulation, antioxidant defense, and ion homeostasis
  242. Effects of plant density on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seed yield in western Heilongjiang areas
  243. Identification of rice leaf diseases and deficiency disorders using a novel DeepBatch technique
  244. Artificial intelligence and internet of things oriented sustainable precision farming: Towards modern agriculture
  245. Animal Sciences
  246. Effect of ketogenic diet on exercise tolerance and transcriptome of gastrocnemius in mice
  247. Combined analysis of mRNA–miRNA from testis tissue in Tibetan sheep with different FecB genotypes
  248. Isolation, identification, and drug resistance of a partially isolated bacterium from the gill of Siniperca chuatsi
  249. Tracking behavioral changes of confined sows from the first mating to the third parity
  250. The sequencing of the key genes and end products in the TLR4 signaling pathway from the kidney of Rana dybowskii exposed to Aeromonas hydrophila
  251. Development of a new candidate vaccine against piglet diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli
  252. Plant Sciences
  253. Crown and diameter structure of pure Pinus massoniana Lamb. forest in Hunan province, China
  254. Genetic evaluation and germplasm identification analysis on ITS2, trnL-F, and psbA-trnH of alfalfa varieties germplasm resources
  255. Tissue culture and rapid propagation technology for Gentiana rhodantha
  256. Effects of cadmium on the synthesis of active ingredients in Salvia miltiorrhiza
  257. Cloning and expression analysis of VrNAC13 gene in mung bean
  258. Chlorate-induced molecular floral transition revealed by transcriptomes
  259. Effects of warming and drought on growth and development of soybean in Hailun region
  260. Effects of different light conditions on transient expression and biomass in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves
  261. Comparative analysis of the rhizosphere microbiome and medicinally active ingredients of Atractylodes lancea from different geographical origins
  262. Distinguish Dianthus species or varieties based on chloroplast genomes
  263. Comparative transcriptomes reveal molecular mechanisms of apple blossoms of different tolerance genotypes to chilling injury
  264. Study on fresh processing key technology and quality influence of Cut Ophiopogonis Radix based on multi-index evaluation
  265. An advanced approach for fig leaf disease detection and classification: Leveraging image processing and enhanced support vector machine methodology
  266. Erratum
  267. Erratum to “Protein Z modulates the metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma cells”
  268. Erratum to “BRCA1 subcellular localization regulated by PI3K signaling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and hormone-sensitive T47D cells”
  269. Retraction
  270. Retraction to “Protocatechuic acid attenuates cerebral aneurysm formation and progression by inhibiting TNF-alpha/Nrf-2/NF-kB-mediated inflammatory mechanisms in experimental rats”
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Heruntergeladen am 7.9.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/biol-2022-0557/html
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