Home Effect of sex ratio on the life history traits of an important invasive species, Spodoptera frugiperda
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Effect of sex ratio on the life history traits of an important invasive species, Spodoptera frugiperda

  • Su-Ran Wu EMAIL logo , Hui Wang , Chun-Jie Zhao , Yan Xiong and Jun-Hua Ren
Published/Copyright: February 25, 2025
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Open Life Sciences
From the journal Open Life Sciences Volume 20 Issue 1

Abstract

The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a dangerous migratory pest. Evaluating the effect of sex ratio on the FAW offspring population is particularly important for field control. In this study, five different sex ratio treatments (female/male = 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3) were conducted to investigate the effects of sex ratio on the life history traits of FAW. The results showed that sex ratio significantly affected lifetime fecundity, developmental duration of the preadult stage, hatch rate, and emergence rate but had no effect on longevity of parental and offspring adults, larval duration, pupation rate, or number of eggs/moth of offspring. The lifetime fecundity and hatch rate of parental adults and the number of adult offspring/moth were the lowest when the sex ratio was 3:1, while the lifetime fecundity and number of adult offspring/moth were the highest and pupation duration was the shortest when the sex ratio was 1:1. The number of eggs/moth of parental adults and total adults in the F1 generation were higher in male-biased groups than in female-biased groups, and male annihilation appears to be a more effective control strategy. These findings have implications for improving laboratory rearing, population forecasting, and control of FAW in the field.

Keywords: Spodoptera frugiperda ; sex ratio; longevity; fecundity; reproduction

1 Introduction

Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith, 1797 fall armyworm (FAW) is a globally recognized pest native to the tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas [1]. This species has become a significant threat to agriculture worldwide due to its broad host range, high fecundity, robust migratory ability, and high resistance to insecticides [2]. Since its initial invasion in Yunnan, China, in late 2018, FAW has spread to 26 Chinese provinces, causing significant damage to both cereal crops and a variety of economic crops [3,4]. According to their feeding preference on their hosts, the armyworm is divided into two biological types: the “corn type” and the “rice type” [5]; the corn type FAW prefers corn, sorghum, sugarcane, etc., while the rice type prefers rice. The grassland armyworms that occur in China are all of the “corn type” [6].

The sex ratio plays a pivotal role in the management and control of FAW by influencing the insect’s reproductive potential, life cycle, and population dynamics of the insect; for example, the fecundity of Assara inouei Yamanaka (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) first increases and then decreases as the proportion of male or female adults increases [7]. The oviposition period and fecundity of Spodoptera exigua (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) increase with increasing sex ratio, while the egg hatch rate decreases significantly [8]. A high or low sex ratio hinders the reproduction of Loxostege sticticalis because the former shortens the lifespan of male and female moths, and the latter hinders the mating of males [9]. Sex ratio can be an important factor and shows variable relationships with the life history traits of different insects, which is the basis for pest prediction and control. Controlling the growth, fecundity, and population structure of FAWs can significantly reduce their threat to crops. However, the effect of sex ratio on the fecundity and population structure of adults and offspring of S. frugiperda has not been reported.

This study focuses on the effects of sex ratio on the fertility and population structure of adult FAW and their offspring. By conducting experiments with different sex ratio treatments, we compared developmental parameters such as adult longevity, fertility, pupation rate, and emergence rate. These findings are expected to contribute to the refinement of laboratory-rearing practices and improve the effectiveness of FAW population forecasting and field control.

2 Materials and methods

2.1 Insect rearing

The sex recognition of S. frugiperda pupae and adults was followed as Dong’s method [10]. For adults, there is a large white spot on the tip of the male wing, a light-colored band on each side of the circular pattern, and a white wedge-shaped pattern on the inner side of the kidney-shaped spot. The abdomen of the adult male was long and narrow with long yellow tail hairs at the end, while the abdomen of the adult female was coarse and cylindrical with a cluster of short yellow tail hairs.

In June 2021, third instar larvae of S. frugiperda were obtained from a sugarcane field located in Chengmai, Hainan Province, China (Long, Lat:110.086595,19.84839). These larvae were reared on a diet of fresh maize kernels, maintained under air condition chamber at a temperature of 26 ± 1°C, with a photoperiod of 14 h light to 10 h dark and a relative humidity maintained of 60 ± 10%. To prevent cannibalism, each larva was isolated in an individual paper cup, with its maize supply refreshed every 48 h.

Upon reaching the pupal stage, the pupae were transferred to cylindrical cages measuring 30 cm in height and 10 cm in diameter to facilitate adult emergence. Newly metamorphosed adult males and females were provided with 10% (w/v) honey solution as a food source and allowed to mate freely in the cage environment. For oviposition, an 80-mesh nylon net was attached to the inside of the cage. Eggs laid on these nets were carefully collected and placed on a bed of fresh corn to initiate the hatching process.

2.2 Oviposition studies in the parental generation

Following the eclosion of S. frugiperda, experiments were conducted to examine the effects of sex ratio on oviposition using five different treatments. These included a normal sex ratio (2 females:2 males), two female-biased sex ratios (2 females:1 male and 3 females:1 male), and two male-biased sex ratios (1 female:2 males and 1 female:3 males). The ratios corresponded to the actual number of adult insects used in each experimental group.

For the oviposition study, moths were housed in wire mesh cages measuring 12 cm high and 11 cm in diameter, which were covered with 80-mesh nylon netting to facilitate oviposition. The nylon nets were replaced on a daily basis to ensure a clean environment for oviposition, and any moths that died were removed until the entire cohort had died. Daily observations were made to document the number of eggs laid and the time of death for each moth. This experimental protocol was repeated five times to ensure reliability and consistency of results.

2.3 Hatching study of the F1 generation

At the peak of oviposition in the different sex ratio treatments, a random sample of 100 eggs was collected and placed on a piece of filter paper in dishes (diameter = 9 cm). The dishes were kept humidified with sterilized water to facilitate the hatching process. After hatching, the resulting larvae were immediately transferred to fresh maize for further growth. Both the number of eggs hatched and the time taken to hatch were meticulously recorded. This procedure was repeated four times for each treatment to ensure accurate and reliable data collection (same below).

2.4 Study of pupation in the F1 generation

A total of one hundred newly hatched larvae, randomly selected from each established sex ratio group, were placed in a standard rectangular plastic container, 20 cm × 20 cm × 7 cm, filled with 300 g of freshly harvested maize. Third instar larvae were individually reared in paper cups that were ventilated with nylon mesh, with a fresh supply of maize provided and changed every 48 h. The pupation process was monitored for 10 days, after which the pupae were carefully collected and transferred to new paper cups for further observation. Both the number of larvae that successfully pupated and the duration of the developmental phase were meticulously documented.

2.5 Emergence of F1 pupae

From the pool of pupae that emerged on the same day within the different sex ratio treatments, a random sample of 50 pupae was selected and placed into individual paper cups. Each cup was lined with moistened absorbent cotton and covered with nylon gauze to maintain a moist environment conducive to emergence. The pupae were monitored daily to record the time and count the number of adult moths that emerged. Upon emergence, the adult moths were separated and followed the established rearing protocol for the F1 generation. This process was replicated consistently across all treatments, with each treatment replicated four times.

2.6 Egg laying in the F1 offspring

Newly emerged adult males and females of the F1 generation were randomly selected and subjected to the same conditions as the parental generation for oviposition studies. The 80-mesh nylon nets used as the oviposition substrates were refreshed daily to ensure an optimal environment for egg deposition. Deceased moths were promptly removed from the facility until the entire cohort had expired. Daily records were kept of both the number of eggs laid and the time of death for each moth. This protocol was followed for four replicates of the experiment.

2.7 Statistical analysis

A one-way analysis of variance was used to evaluate the effects of different sex ratio treatments on various reproductive and developmental metrics. The variables examined included the number of eggs laid per female, hatch rate, pupation rate, adult emergence rate, oviposition duration, larval stage, pupal stage, adult lifespan, and total developmental cycle duration. These analyses were performed using SPSS17 software to determine statistical significance [11]. Graphpad Prism 8.0.1 (https://www.graphpad.com/features) was used to draw the graph.

3 Results

3.1 Effects of sex ratio on the lifespan and egg production of S. frugiperda parental generation

In our study, the lifespan of parental adults of S. frugiperda did not show significant variation across various sex ratio treatments (F 4,15 = 0.095, P > 0.05). However, the sex ratio had a pronounced effect on the fecundity of S. frugiperda (F 4,15 = 4.819, P < 0.05, Figure 1). Fecundity, measured as the number of eggs per female, increased as the sex ratio became more male-biased, reaching a low at a ratio of 3:1 (159.67 eggs per female) and a high at a ratio of 1:3 (1563.5 eggs per female). The number of eggs per female at ratios of 1:3, 1:2, and 2:2 were not significantly different from each other but were significantly higher than at ratios of 3:1 and 2:1 (P < 0.05).

Figure 1 Effect of sex ratio on the egg number of parental adults of S. frugiperda.
Figure 1

Effect of sex ratio on the egg number of parental adults of S. frugiperda.

Considering that males also contribute to fertility, egg production per moth was also calculated. The analysis showed that the highest egg production per moth occurred at a sex ratio of 1:2, which was significantly higher than all other groups except for the 1:3 and 2:2 ratios (P < 0.05). Conversely, the lowest egg production per moth was observed at a sex ratio of 3:1, although it was not significantly different from ratios of 2:1 or 3:1.

Data belonging to the same category and marked with different letters indicate significant differences at P < 0.05 lever. Same for Figures 2–6.

Figure 2 Effect of sex ratio on the egg duration in S. frugiperda.
Figure 2

Effect of sex ratio on the egg duration in S. frugiperda.

Figure 3 Effect of sex ratio on the hatch rate of S. frugiperda.
Figure 3

Effect of sex ratio on the hatch rate of S. frugiperda.

Figure 4 Effect of sex ratio on the pupal duration of S. frugiperda.
Figure 4

Effect of sex ratio on the pupal duration of S. frugiperda.

Figure 5 Effect of sex ratio on adult longevity and total duration of the F1 generation.
Figure 5

Effect of sex ratio on adult longevity and total duration of the F1 generation.

Figure 6 Effect of sex ratio on F1 generation egg numbers.
Figure 6

Effect of sex ratio on F1 generation egg numbers.

3.2 Effect of sex ratio on egg incubation time and hatchability in S. frugiperda

The incubation period of the egg stage of S. frugiperda was the longest at a sex ratio of 1:2, averaging 4.14 days. This duration was not significantly different from that observed at a 2:2 ratio (P > 0.05) but was significantly longer compared to the other sex ratio conditions (P < 0.05), as shown in Figure 2. The hatchability of the F1 generation eggs from the 1:2 sex ratio group reached the highest level at 78.8%, although this was not significantly different from the 1:3 and 2:1 sex ratio groups (P > 0.05), as shown in Figure 3. In contrast, the 3:1 sex ratio group had a significantly lower hatch rate of only 42.5%, which was significantly lower than the success rates observed in the other groups (P < 0.05).

3.3 Effect of sex ratio on the larval growth period and pupation success of S. frugiperda

The larval growth period of S. frugiperda was consistent across all sex ratio treatments, ranging from 13.12 to 13.82 days, with no significant variation observed (F 4,15 = 1.536, P > 0.05). Similarly, pupation success did not show any significant differences among the different treatments (F 4,15 = 0.869, P > 0.05).

3.4 Effect of sex ratio on pupal development time and adult emergence in S. frugiperda

The sex ratio did not significantly affect the adult emergence rate (F 4,15 = 2.411, P > 0.05) of S. frugiperda. However, it had a significant effect on the pupal development time (F 4,15 = 3.095, P < 0.05, Figure 4). The longest average pupal stage was observed in the 1:2 sex ratio, which lasted up to 11.79 days, while the shortest development time was recorded in the 2:2 sex ratio group, with an average of 8.12 days.

3.5 Effect of sex ratio on the reproductive output of parental S. frugiperda adults

The reproductive success of parental S. frugiperda, as measured by the number of eggs per moth and the subsequent number of moths in the F1 generation, was optimal at a sex ratio of 1:1, with the highest values for both parameters (Table 1). In contrast, the same metrics were at their lowest when the sex ratio was skewed at 3:1. These results underscore the importance of a balanced sex ratio for effective reproduction of S. frugiperda, suggesting that an evenly distributed male-to-female ratio is more advantageous than a population skewed towards one sex or the other.

Table 1

Effect of sex ratio on the life history traits of S. frugiperda

Reproductive parameters Sex ratio treatments (♀︰♂)
3:1 2:1 2:2 1:2 1:3
Fecundity (eggs/moth) 119.8 ± 41.62c 224.3 ± 47.29bc 614.4 ± 79.93a 408.0 ± 93.75ab 322.1 ± 97.95bc
Hatching rate (%) 42.5 ± 5.0c 64.3 ± 1.7ab 56.8 ± 7.1bc 78.8 ± 5.9a 64.8 ± 4.5ab
Pupation rate (%) 59.8 ± 5.6 62.3 ± 4.3 71.5 ± 5.8 64.8 ± 8.5 58.3 ± 9.1
Emergence rate (%) 71.0 ± 6.6 79.5 ± 4.3 78.0 ± 3.4 84.5 ± 2.2 78.0 ± 2.9
Total moth 24.61 ± 9.02b 71.36 ± 16.16ab 188.04 ± 26.72a 163.58 ± 28.36ab 102.76 ± 42.63ab

Data are presented as the mean ± SE.

3.6 Effect of sex ratio on adult longevity and reproductive output in the F1 generation of S. frugiperda

Adult longevity was not significantly affected by sex ratio (F 4,15 = 1.215, P > 0.05). However, the sex ratio had a pronounced effect on the total developmental time of the F1 generation of S. frugiperda (F 4,15 = 3.206, P < 0.05), as shown in Figure 5. The treatment with a sex ratio of 1:2 resulted in the longest developmental period with an average of 37.34 days, which was significantly longer than the periods observed in the other treatment groups (P < 0.05).

Regarding the fecundity of the F1 generation, the sex ratio did not significantly affect the number of eggs produced per moth (P > 0.05). Conversely, the fecundity per female showed a significant variation between treatments (F 4,15 = 3.101, P < 0.05, Figure 6). The highest fecundity per female was recorded in the group with a sex ratio of 1:2. This level of fecundity was comparable to that of the treatments with a sex ratio of 2:2 or 1:3 (P > 0.05) but was significantly higher than the fecundity observed in the other treatments (P < 0.05).

4 Discussion

FAW is an international pest; a global technical system for monitoring, early warning, and control of FAW is needed [12]. For the emergency prevention and control of S. frugiperda, synthetic pesticides such as pyrethroids and indoxacarb are commonly used in the field, but they also cause pest resistance after a few years and contamination of the environment and agricultural products [13,14,15]. Therefore, environmentally friendly prevention and control technologies are needed to minimize the number of FAWs in the source areas. Application of silicon by foliar spray or soil application can reduce the fecundity and pupation rate of FAW while increasing the mortality of newly emerging larvae [16]. Botanical pesticides such as matrine and azadirachtin have been most widely used in the field, while many plant extracts have been screened with high activity against FAW [17,18]. The essential oil of Lippia sidoides and its main compound thymol can kill the third instar larvae of FAW [19]. In addition, spore suspensions of Metarhizium rileyi or Cordyceps cateniannulata at 90% relative humidity can kill all FAW larvae when treated for 7 days [20], and releasing parasitic wasps of Trichogramma species against FAW in the field can reduce their egg hatching rate and greatly reduce their damage to plants [21]. Genetically modified maize, such as BT maize and food attractants on the surface of a stick object, can stick a lot of adult insects overnight and can solve the regional migration damage of FAW [22,23].

The sex ratio is an important demographic factor that can significantly affect insect reproduction and population growth dynamics, as demonstrated in studies such as Huang et al. [24]. Our research on S. frugiperda shows that the sex ratio affects key reproductive traits, including egg production and developmental timing. We found that a male-biased sex ratio was associated with higher fecundity and hatch rates in S. frugiperda, which is consistent with the idea that increased mating opportunities can lead to greater sperm and nutrient acquisition for females. This pattern of increased reproductive success with a higher number of males has been observed in other polyandrous insects, where multiple matings can increase female fitness [25]. Similar results have been found in Assara inouei [26], Spodoptera exigua [7], and Cantheconidea furcellata [8]. However, the effect of sex ratio on female longevity is less clear and may vary between species. In S. frugiperda, daily mating does not appear to reduce the lifespan of either females or males, suggesting that the cost of mating may be limited in this species. These studies provide a basis for exploring similar strategies in S. frugiperda, possibly using sex pheromones or other attractants to manipulate male densities and reduce offspring populations.

Sex pheromone trapping and killing technology has the advantages of low pollution, high specificity, and environmental and food safety and has become one of the important means of pest prediction and control [27]. Field studies on other Lepidoptera species, such as the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) and the codling moth (Cydia pomonella), have shown that pheromone disorientation and trapping can be an effective method of suppressing pest numbers [28,29]. The sex pheromones of the FAW are composed of cis-9-tetradecanoate and cis-7-dodecanoate, with the strongest attraction activity at a mass ratio of 96.6:3.4 [30]. White plastic jug traps baited with pheromones can capture 42.5% of male FAWs [31]. Releasing infertile males or using genetic modification techniques to tilt the sex ratio toward females can also reduce the overall fertility of pest populations [32].

By manipulating the sex ratio, particularly through male annihilation, as shown in the study, we can influence the reproductive success and population growth of pests. This approach can be incorporated into integrated pest management programs [33]. In addition, predicting population trends based on sex ratio effects can improve our forecasting capabilities, allowing for more proactive and timely interventions. This is particularly important for migratory pests such as FAW, where rapid population growth can lead to widespread crop damage and economic loss. Laboratory conditions differ from field conditions, and population size and density were not analyzed in the experiment. Our laboratory results need to be contextualized with field conditions, and further research is needed to assess the long-term effects of sex ratio manipulations on S. frugiperda populations in agricultural settings.

5 Conclusion

In conclusion, our study confirms that the sex ratio is a modifiable factor that can influence the reproductive success and population dynamics of S. frugiperda. A male-biased population appears to be more advantageous for suggesting that strategies aimed at reducing the male population, such as male annihilation, could be effective for field control. Research on the sex ratio effects of FAW contributes to the basic understanding of the biology of this pest and offers a promising avenue for the management of not only FAW, but also other insect pests.

# These authors contributed equally to the work.

  1. Funding information: This study was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2020YFD1000600).

  2. Author contributions: Conceptualization, Yan Xiong; methodology, Chun-Jie Zhao and Yan Xiong; software, Chun-Jie Zhao and Jun-Hua Ren; validation, Chun-Jie Zhao and Yan Xiong; formal analysis, Chun-Jie Zhao; investigation, Hui Wang; resources, Yan Xiong; data curation, Hui Wang; writing – original draft preparation, Hui Wang; writing – review and editing, Su-Ran Wu; supervision, Su-Ran Wu; funding acquisition, Su-Ran Wu. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

  3. Conflict of interest: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Data availability statement: The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Received: 2024-02-05
Revised: 2024-03-31
Accepted: 2024-04-18
Published Online: 2025-02-25

© 2025 the author(s), published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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  10. Battling COVID-19 leveraging nanobiotechnology: Gold and silver nanoparticle–B-escin conjugates as SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors
  11. Neurodegenerative diseases and neuroinflammation-induced apoptosis
  12. Impact of fracture fixation surgery on cognitive function and the gut microbiota in mice with a history of stroke
  13. COLEC10: A potential tumor suppressor and prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma through modulation of EMT and PI3K-AKT pathways
  14. High-temperature requirement serine protease A2 inhibitor UCF-101 ameliorates damaged neurons in traumatic brain-injured rats by the AMPK/NF-κB pathway
  15. SIK1 inhibits IL-1β-stimulated cartilage apoptosis and inflammation in vitro through the CRTC2/CREB1 signaling
  16. Rutin–chitooligosaccharide complex: Comprehensive evaluation of its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties in vitro and in vivo
  17. Knockdown of Aurora kinase B alleviates high glucose-triggered trophoblast cells damage and inflammation during gestational diabetes
  18. Calcium-sensing receptors promoted Homer1 expression and osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
  19. ABI3BP can inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition of non-small-cell lung cancer cells
  20. Changes in blood glucose and metabolism in hyperuricemia mice
  21. Rapid detection of the GJB2 c.235delC mutation based on CRISPR-Cas13a combined with lateral flow dipstick
  22. IL-11 promotes Ang II-induced autophagy inhibition and mitochondrial dysfunction in atrial fibroblasts
  23. Short-chain fatty acid attenuates intestinal inflammation by regulation of gut microbial composition in antibiotic-associated diarrhea
  24. Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of pathogens in patients with diabetes complicated by community-acquired pneumonia
  25. NAT10 promotes radiotherapy resistance in non-small cell lung cancer by regulating KPNB1-mediated PD-L1 nuclear translocation
  26. Phytol-mixed micelles alleviate dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis in zebrafish: Activation of the MMP3–OPN–MAPK pathway-mediating bone remodeling
  27. Association between TGF-β1 and β-catenin expression in the vaginal wall of patients with pelvic organ prolapse
  28. Primary pleomorphic liposarcoma involving bilateral ovaries: Case report and literature review
  29. Effects of de novo donor-specific Class I and II antibodies on graft outcomes after liver transplantation: A pilot cohort study
  30. Sleep architecture in Alzheimer’s disease continuum: The deep sleep question
  31. Ephedra fragilis plant extract: A groundbreaking corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic environments – electrochemical, EDX, DFT, and Monte Carlo studies
  32. Langerhans cell histiocytosis in an adult patient with upper jaw and pulmonary involvement: A case report
  33. Inhibition of mast cell activation by Jaranol-targeted Pirin ameliorates allergic responses in mouse allergic rhinitis
  34. Aeromonas veronii-induced septic arthritis of the hip in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
  35. Clusterin activates the heat shock response via the PI3K/Akt pathway to protect cardiomyocytes from high-temperature-induced apoptosis
  36. Research progress on fecal microbiota transplantation in tumor prevention and treatment
  37. Low-pressure exposure influences the development of HAPE
  38. Stigmasterol alleviates endplate chondrocyte degeneration through inducing mitophagy by enhancing PINK1 mRNA acetylation via the ESR1/NAT10 axis
  39. AKAP12, mediated by transcription factor 21, inhibits cell proliferation, metastasis, and glycolysis in lung squamous cell carcinoma
  40. Association between PAX9 or MSX1 gene polymorphism and tooth agenesis risk: A meta-analysis
  41. A case of bloodstream infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
  42. Case of nasopharyngeal tuberculosis complicated with cervical lymph node and pulmonary tuberculosis
  43. p-Cymene inhibits pro-fibrotic and inflammatory mediators to prevent hepatic dysfunction
  44. GFPT2 promotes paclitaxel resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer cells via activating NF-κB signaling pathway
  45. Transfer RNA-derived fragment tRF-36 modulates varicose vein progression via human vascular smooth muscle cell Notch signaling
  46. RTA-408 attenuates the hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury in mice possibly by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway
  47. Decreased serum TIMP4 levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
  48. Sirt1 protects lupus nephritis by inhibiting the NLRP3 signaling pathway in human glomerular mesangial cells
  49. Sodium butyrate aids brain injury repair in neonatal rats
  50. Interaction of MTHFR polymorphism with PAX1 methylation in cervical cancer
  51. Convallatoxin inhibits proliferation and angiogenesis of glioma cells via regulating JAK/STAT3 pathway
  52. The effect of the PKR inhibitor, 2-aminopurine, on the replication of influenza A virus, and segment 8 mRNA splicing
  53. Effects of Ire1 gene on virulence and pathogenicity of Candida albicans
  54. Small cell lung cancer with small intestinal metastasis: Case report and literature review
  55. GRB14: A prognostic biomarker driving tumor progression in gastric cancer through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by interacting with COBLL1
  56. 15-Lipoxygenase-2 deficiency induces foam cell formation that can be restored by salidroside through the inhibition of arachidonic acid effects
  57. FTO alleviated the diabetic nephropathy progression by regulating the N6-methyladenosine levels of DACT1
  58. Clinical relevance of inflammatory markers in the evaluation of severity of ulcerative colitis: A retrospective study
  59. Zinc valproic acid complex promotes osteoblast differentiation and exhibits anti-osteoporotic potential
  60. Primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma in the bronchial cavity: A case report
  61. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing of alveolar lavage fluid improves the detection of pulmonary infection
  62. Uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor with extensive rhabdoid differentiation: A case report
  63. Genomic analysis of a novel ST11(PR34365) Clostridioides difficile strain isolated from the human fecal of a CDI patient in Guizhou, China
  64. Effects of tiered cardiac rehabilitation on CRP, TNF-α, and physical endurance in older adults with coronary heart disease
  65. Changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with colorectal cancer before and after acupoint catgut embedding acupuncture observation
  66. Modulating the tumor microenvironment: The role of traditional Chinese medicine in improving lung cancer treatment
  67. Alterations of metabolites related to microbiota–gut–brain axis in plasma of colon cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, and lung cancer patients
  68. Research on individualized drug sensitivity detection technology based on bio-3D printing technology for precision treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors
  69. CEBPB promotes ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer by stimulating tumor growth and activating the NF-κB/STAT3 signaling pathway
  70. Oncolytic bacteria: A revolutionary approach to cancer therapy
  71. A de novo meningioma with rapid growth: A possible malignancy imposter?
  72. Diagnosis of secondary tuberculosis infection in an asymptomatic elderly with cancer using next-generation sequencing: Case report
  73. Hesperidin and its zinc(ii) complex enhance osteoblast differentiation and bone formation: In vitro and in vivo evaluations
  74. Research progress on the regulation of autophagy in cardiovascular diseases by chemokines
  75. Anti-arthritic, immunomodulatory, and inflammatory regulation by the benzimidazole derivative BMZ-AD: Insights from an FCA-induced rat model
  76. Immunoassay for pyruvate kinase M1/2 as an Alzheimer’s biomarker in CSF
  77. The role of HDAC11 in age-related hearing loss: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications
  78. Evaluation and application analysis of animal models of PIPNP based on data mining
  79. Therapeutic approaches for liver fibrosis/cirrhosis by targeting pyroptosis
  80. Fabrication of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Ruellia tuberosa leaf extract induces apoptosis through P53 and STAT3 signalling pathways in prostate cancer cells
  81. Haplo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and immunoradiotherapy for severe aplastic anemia complicated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A case report
  82. Modulation of the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway by Erianin: A novel approach to reduce psoriasiform inflammation and inflammatory signaling
  83. The expression of epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and its relationship with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and clinical pathological features in breast cancer patients
  84. Innovations in MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry: Bridging modern diagnostics and historical insights
  85. BAP1 complexes with YY1 and RBBP7 and its downstream targets in ccRCC cells
  86. Hypereosinophilic syndrome with elevated IgG4 and T-cell clonality: A report of two cases
  87. Electroacupuncture alleviates sciatic nerve injury in sciatica rats by regulating BDNF and NGF levels, myelin sheath degradation, and autophagy
  88. Polydatin prevents cholesterol gallstone formation by regulating cholesterol metabolism via PPAR-γ signaling
  89. RNF144A and RNF144B: Important molecules for health
  90. Analysis of the detection rate and related factors of thyroid nodules in the healthy population
  91. Artesunate inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration and invasion through OGA-mediated O-GlcNAcylation of ZEB1
  92. Endovascular management of post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage caused by a hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm: Case report and review of the literature
  93. Efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in patients with relapsed refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A meta-analysis
  94. SATB2 promotes humeral fracture healing in rats by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway
  95. Overexpression of the ferroptosis-related gene, NFS1, corresponds to gastric cancer growth and tumor immune infiltration
  96. Understanding risk factors and prognosis in diabetic foot ulcers
  97. Atractylenolide I alleviates the experimental allergic response in mice by suppressing TLR4/NF-kB/NLRP3 signalling
  98. FBXO31 inhibits the stemness characteristics of CD147 (+) melanoma stem cells
  99. Immune molecule diagnostics in colorectal cancer: CCL2 and CXCL11
  100. Inhibiting CXCR6 promotes senescence of activated hepatic stellate cells with limited proinflammatory SASP to attenuate hepatic fibrosis
  101. Cadmium toxicity, health risk and its remediation using low-cost biochar adsorbents
  102. Pulmonary cryptococcosis with headache as the first presentation: A case report
  103. Solitary pulmonary metastasis with cystic airspaces in colon cancer: A rare case report
  104. RUNX1 promotes denervation-induced muscle atrophy by activating the JUNB/NF-κB pathway and driving M1 macrophage polarization
  105. Morphometric analysis and immunobiological investigation of Indigofera oblongifolia on the infected lung with Plasmodium chabaudi
  106. The NuA4/TIP60 histone-modifying complex and Hr78 modulate the Lobe2 mutant eye phenotype
  107. Experimental study on salmon demineralized bone matrix loaded with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2: In vitro and in vivo study
  108. A case of IgA nephropathy treated with a combination of telitacicept and half-dose glucocorticoids
  109. Analgesic and toxicological evaluation of cannabidiol-rich Moroccan Cannabis sativa L. (Khardala variety) extract: Evidence from an in vivo and in silico study
  110. Wound healing and signaling pathways
  111. Combination of immunotherapy and whole-brain radiotherapy on prognosis of patients with multiple brain metastases: A retrospective cohort study
  112. To explore the relationship between endometrial hyperemia and polycystic ovary syndrome
  113. Research progress on the impact of curcumin on immune responses in breast cancer
  114. Biogenic Cu/Ni nanotherapeutics from Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl seeds for the treatment of lung cancer
  115. Dapagliflozin attenuates atrial fibrosis via the HMGB1/RAGE pathway in atrial fibrillation rats
  116. Ecology and Environmental Science
  117. Optimization and comparative study of Bacillus consortia for cellulolytic potential and cellulase enzyme activity
  118. The complete mitochondrial genome analysis of Haemaphysalis hystricis Supino, 1897 (Ixodida: Ixodidae) and its phylogenetic implications
  119. Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors analysis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among tuberculosis population in Huzhou City, Eastern China
  120. Indices of human impacts on landscapes: How do they reflect the proportions of natural habitats?
  121. Genetic analysis of the Siberian flying squirrel population in the northern Changbai Mountains, Northeast China: Insights into population status and conservation
  122. Diversity and environmental drivers of Suillus communities in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forests of Inner Mongolia
  123. Agriculture
  124. Integrated analysis of transcriptome, sRNAome, and degradome involved in the drought-response of maize Zhengdan958
  125. Variation in flower frost tolerance among seven apple cultivars and transcriptome response patterns in two contrastingly frost-tolerant selected cultivars
  126. Heritability of durable resistance to stripe rust in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
  127. Animal Science
  128. Effect of sex ratio on the life history traits of an important invasive species, Spodoptera frugiperda
  129. Plant Sciences
  130. Hairpin in a haystack: In silico identification and characterization of plant-conserved microRNA in Rafflesiaceae
  131. Widely targeted metabolomics of different tissues in Rubus corchorifolius
  132. The complete chloroplast genome of Gerbera piloselloides (L.) Cass., 1820 (Carduoideae, Asteraceae) and its phylogenetic analysis
  133. Field trial to correlate mineral solubilization activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and biochemical content of groundnut plants
  134. Correlation analysis between semen routine parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index in patients with semen non-liquefaction: A retrospective study
  135. Plasticity of the anatomical traits of Rhododendron L. (Ericaceae) leaves and its implications in adaptation to the plateau environment
  136. Effects of Piriformospora indica and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on growth and physiology of Moringa oleifera under low-temperature stress
  137. Effects of different sources of potassium fertiliser on yield, fruit quality and nutrient absorption in “Harward” kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)
  138. Comparative efficiency and residue levels of spraying programs against powdery mildew in grape varieties
  139. The DREB7 transcription factor enhances salt tolerance in soybean plants under salt stress
  140. Food Science
  141. Phytochemical analysis of Stachys iva: Discovering the optimal extract conditions and its bioactive compounds
  142. Review on role of honey in disease prevention and treatment through modulation of biological activities
  143. Computational analysis of polymorphic residues in maltose and maltotriose transporters of a wild Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain
  144. Optimization of phenolic compound extraction from Tunisian squash by-products: A sustainable approach for antioxidant and antibacterial applications
  145. Liupao tea aqueous extract alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in rats by modulating the gut microbiota
  146. Toxicological qualities and detoxification trends of fruit by-products for valorization: A review
  147. Polyphenolic spectrum of cornelian cherry fruits and their health-promoting effect
  148. Optimizing the encapsulation of the refined extract of squash peels for functional food applications: A sustainable approach to reduce food waste
  149. Advancements in curcuminoid formulations: An update on bioavailability enhancement strategies curcuminoid bioavailability and formulations
  150. Impact of saline sprouting on antioxidant properties and bioactive compounds in chia seeds
  151. The dilemma of food genetics and improvement
  152. Bioengineering and Biotechnology
  153. Impact of hyaluronic acid-modified hafnium metalorganic frameworks containing rhynchophylline on Alzheimer’s disease
  154. Emerging patterns in nanoparticle-based therapeutic approaches for rheumatoid arthritis: A comprehensive bibliometric and visual analysis spanning two decades
  155. Application of CRISPR/Cas gene editing for infectious disease control in poultry
  156. Preparation of hafnium nitride-coated titanium implants by magnetron sputtering technology and evaluation of their antibacterial properties and biocompatibility
  157. Preparation and characterization of lemongrass oil nanoemulsion: Antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and anticancer activities
  158. Corrigendum
  159. Corrigendum to “Utilization of convolutional neural networks to analyze microscopic images for high-throughput screening of mesenchymal stem cells”
https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0873
Keywords for this article
Spodoptera frugiperda; sex ratio; longevity; fecundity; reproduction
Creative Commons
BY 4.0

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Biomedical Sciences
  2. Mechanism of triptolide regulating proliferation and apoptosis of hepatoma cells by inhibiting JAK/STAT pathway
  3. Maslinic acid improves mitochondrial function and inhibits oxidative stress and autophagy in human gastric smooth muscle cells
  4. Comparative analysis of inflammatory biomarkers for the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis: IL-6, IL-8, SAA, CRP, and PCT
  5. Post-pandemic insights on COVID-19 and premature ovarian insufficiency
  6. Proteome differences of dental stem cells between permanent and deciduous teeth by data-independent acquisition proteomics
  7. Optimizing a modified cetyltrimethylammonium bromide protocol for fungal DNA extraction: Insights from multilocus gene amplification
  8. Preliminary analysis of the role of small hepatitis B surface proteins mutations in the pathogenesis of occult hepatitis B infection via the endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced UPR-ERAD pathway
  9. Efficacy of alginate-coated gold nanoparticles against antibiotics-resistant Staphylococcus and Streptococcus pathogens of acne origins
  10. Battling COVID-19 leveraging nanobiotechnology: Gold and silver nanoparticle–B-escin conjugates as SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors
  11. Neurodegenerative diseases and neuroinflammation-induced apoptosis
  12. Impact of fracture fixation surgery on cognitive function and the gut microbiota in mice with a history of stroke
  13. COLEC10: A potential tumor suppressor and prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma through modulation of EMT and PI3K-AKT pathways
  14. High-temperature requirement serine protease A2 inhibitor UCF-101 ameliorates damaged neurons in traumatic brain-injured rats by the AMPK/NF-κB pathway
  15. SIK1 inhibits IL-1β-stimulated cartilage apoptosis and inflammation in vitro through the CRTC2/CREB1 signaling
  16. Rutin–chitooligosaccharide complex: Comprehensive evaluation of its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties in vitro and in vivo
  17. Knockdown of Aurora kinase B alleviates high glucose-triggered trophoblast cells damage and inflammation during gestational diabetes
  18. Calcium-sensing receptors promoted Homer1 expression and osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
  19. ABI3BP can inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and epithelial–mesenchymal transition of non-small-cell lung cancer cells
  20. Changes in blood glucose and metabolism in hyperuricemia mice
  21. Rapid detection of the GJB2 c.235delC mutation based on CRISPR-Cas13a combined with lateral flow dipstick
  22. IL-11 promotes Ang II-induced autophagy inhibition and mitochondrial dysfunction in atrial fibroblasts
  23. Short-chain fatty acid attenuates intestinal inflammation by regulation of gut microbial composition in antibiotic-associated diarrhea
  24. Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis of pathogens in patients with diabetes complicated by community-acquired pneumonia
  25. NAT10 promotes radiotherapy resistance in non-small cell lung cancer by regulating KPNB1-mediated PD-L1 nuclear translocation
  26. Phytol-mixed micelles alleviate dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis in zebrafish: Activation of the MMP3–OPN–MAPK pathway-mediating bone remodeling
  27. Association between TGF-β1 and β-catenin expression in the vaginal wall of patients with pelvic organ prolapse
  28. Primary pleomorphic liposarcoma involving bilateral ovaries: Case report and literature review
  29. Effects of de novo donor-specific Class I and II antibodies on graft outcomes after liver transplantation: A pilot cohort study
  30. Sleep architecture in Alzheimer’s disease continuum: The deep sleep question
  31. Ephedra fragilis plant extract: A groundbreaking corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in acidic environments – electrochemical, EDX, DFT, and Monte Carlo studies
  32. Langerhans cell histiocytosis in an adult patient with upper jaw and pulmonary involvement: A case report
  33. Inhibition of mast cell activation by Jaranol-targeted Pirin ameliorates allergic responses in mouse allergic rhinitis
  34. Aeromonas veronii-induced septic arthritis of the hip in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia
  35. Clusterin activates the heat shock response via the PI3K/Akt pathway to protect cardiomyocytes from high-temperature-induced apoptosis
  36. Research progress on fecal microbiota transplantation in tumor prevention and treatment
  37. Low-pressure exposure influences the development of HAPE
  38. Stigmasterol alleviates endplate chondrocyte degeneration through inducing mitophagy by enhancing PINK1 mRNA acetylation via the ESR1/NAT10 axis
  39. AKAP12, mediated by transcription factor 21, inhibits cell proliferation, metastasis, and glycolysis in lung squamous cell carcinoma
  40. Association between PAX9 or MSX1 gene polymorphism and tooth agenesis risk: A meta-analysis
  41. A case of bloodstream infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
  42. Case of nasopharyngeal tuberculosis complicated with cervical lymph node and pulmonary tuberculosis
  43. p-Cymene inhibits pro-fibrotic and inflammatory mediators to prevent hepatic dysfunction
  44. GFPT2 promotes paclitaxel resistance in epithelial ovarian cancer cells via activating NF-κB signaling pathway
  45. Transfer RNA-derived fragment tRF-36 modulates varicose vein progression via human vascular smooth muscle cell Notch signaling
  46. RTA-408 attenuates the hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury in mice possibly by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway
  47. Decreased serum TIMP4 levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
  48. Sirt1 protects lupus nephritis by inhibiting the NLRP3 signaling pathway in human glomerular mesangial cells
  49. Sodium butyrate aids brain injury repair in neonatal rats
  50. Interaction of MTHFR polymorphism with PAX1 methylation in cervical cancer
  51. Convallatoxin inhibits proliferation and angiogenesis of glioma cells via regulating JAK/STAT3 pathway
  52. The effect of the PKR inhibitor, 2-aminopurine, on the replication of influenza A virus, and segment 8 mRNA splicing
  53. Effects of Ire1 gene on virulence and pathogenicity of Candida albicans
  54. Small cell lung cancer with small intestinal metastasis: Case report and literature review
  55. GRB14: A prognostic biomarker driving tumor progression in gastric cancer through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by interacting with COBLL1
  56. 15-Lipoxygenase-2 deficiency induces foam cell formation that can be restored by salidroside through the inhibition of arachidonic acid effects
  57. FTO alleviated the diabetic nephropathy progression by regulating the N6-methyladenosine levels of DACT1
  58. Clinical relevance of inflammatory markers in the evaluation of severity of ulcerative colitis: A retrospective study
  59. Zinc valproic acid complex promotes osteoblast differentiation and exhibits anti-osteoporotic potential
  60. Primary pulmonary synovial sarcoma in the bronchial cavity: A case report
  61. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing of alveolar lavage fluid improves the detection of pulmonary infection
  62. Uterine tumor resembling ovarian sex cord tumor with extensive rhabdoid differentiation: A case report
  63. Genomic analysis of a novel ST11(PR34365) Clostridioides difficile strain isolated from the human fecal of a CDI patient in Guizhou, China
  64. Effects of tiered cardiac rehabilitation on CRP, TNF-α, and physical endurance in older adults with coronary heart disease
  65. Changes in T-lymphocyte subpopulations in patients with colorectal cancer before and after acupoint catgut embedding acupuncture observation
  66. Modulating the tumor microenvironment: The role of traditional Chinese medicine in improving lung cancer treatment
  67. Alterations of metabolites related to microbiota–gut–brain axis in plasma of colon cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, and lung cancer patients
  68. Research on individualized drug sensitivity detection technology based on bio-3D printing technology for precision treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors
  69. CEBPB promotes ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer by stimulating tumor growth and activating the NF-κB/STAT3 signaling pathway
  70. Oncolytic bacteria: A revolutionary approach to cancer therapy
  71. A de novo meningioma with rapid growth: A possible malignancy imposter?
  72. Diagnosis of secondary tuberculosis infection in an asymptomatic elderly with cancer using next-generation sequencing: Case report
  73. Hesperidin and its zinc(ii) complex enhance osteoblast differentiation and bone formation: In vitro and in vivo evaluations
  74. Research progress on the regulation of autophagy in cardiovascular diseases by chemokines
  75. Anti-arthritic, immunomodulatory, and inflammatory regulation by the benzimidazole derivative BMZ-AD: Insights from an FCA-induced rat model
  76. Immunoassay for pyruvate kinase M1/2 as an Alzheimer’s biomarker in CSF
  77. The role of HDAC11 in age-related hearing loss: Mechanisms and therapeutic implications
  78. Evaluation and application analysis of animal models of PIPNP based on data mining
  79. Therapeutic approaches for liver fibrosis/cirrhosis by targeting pyroptosis
  80. Fabrication of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Ruellia tuberosa leaf extract induces apoptosis through P53 and STAT3 signalling pathways in prostate cancer cells
  81. Haplo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and immunoradiotherapy for severe aplastic anemia complicated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A case report
  82. Modulation of the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway by Erianin: A novel approach to reduce psoriasiform inflammation and inflammatory signaling
  83. The expression of epidermal growth factor receptor 2 and its relationship with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and clinical pathological features in breast cancer patients
  84. Innovations in MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry: Bridging modern diagnostics and historical insights
  85. BAP1 complexes with YY1 and RBBP7 and its downstream targets in ccRCC cells
  86. Hypereosinophilic syndrome with elevated IgG4 and T-cell clonality: A report of two cases
  87. Electroacupuncture alleviates sciatic nerve injury in sciatica rats by regulating BDNF and NGF levels, myelin sheath degradation, and autophagy
  88. Polydatin prevents cholesterol gallstone formation by regulating cholesterol metabolism via PPAR-γ signaling
  89. RNF144A and RNF144B: Important molecules for health
  90. Analysis of the detection rate and related factors of thyroid nodules in the healthy population
  91. Artesunate inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration and invasion through OGA-mediated O-GlcNAcylation of ZEB1
  92. Endovascular management of post-pancreatectomy hemorrhage caused by a hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm: Case report and review of the literature
  93. Efficacy and safety of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies in patients with relapsed refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A meta-analysis
  94. SATB2 promotes humeral fracture healing in rats by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway
  95. Overexpression of the ferroptosis-related gene, NFS1, corresponds to gastric cancer growth and tumor immune infiltration
  96. Understanding risk factors and prognosis in diabetic foot ulcers
  97. Atractylenolide I alleviates the experimental allergic response in mice by suppressing TLR4/NF-kB/NLRP3 signalling
  98. FBXO31 inhibits the stemness characteristics of CD147 (+) melanoma stem cells
  99. Immune molecule diagnostics in colorectal cancer: CCL2 and CXCL11
  100. Inhibiting CXCR6 promotes senescence of activated hepatic stellate cells with limited proinflammatory SASP to attenuate hepatic fibrosis
  101. Cadmium toxicity, health risk and its remediation using low-cost biochar adsorbents
  102. Pulmonary cryptococcosis with headache as the first presentation: A case report
  103. Solitary pulmonary metastasis with cystic airspaces in colon cancer: A rare case report
  104. RUNX1 promotes denervation-induced muscle atrophy by activating the JUNB/NF-κB pathway and driving M1 macrophage polarization
  105. Morphometric analysis and immunobiological investigation of Indigofera oblongifolia on the infected lung with Plasmodium chabaudi
  106. The NuA4/TIP60 histone-modifying complex and Hr78 modulate the Lobe2 mutant eye phenotype
  107. Experimental study on salmon demineralized bone matrix loaded with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2: In vitro and in vivo study
  108. A case of IgA nephropathy treated with a combination of telitacicept and half-dose glucocorticoids
  109. Analgesic and toxicological evaluation of cannabidiol-rich Moroccan Cannabis sativa L. (Khardala variety) extract: Evidence from an in vivo and in silico study
  110. Wound healing and signaling pathways
  111. Combination of immunotherapy and whole-brain radiotherapy on prognosis of patients with multiple brain metastases: A retrospective cohort study
  112. To explore the relationship between endometrial hyperemia and polycystic ovary syndrome
  113. Research progress on the impact of curcumin on immune responses in breast cancer
  114. Biogenic Cu/Ni nanotherapeutics from Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl seeds for the treatment of lung cancer
  115. Dapagliflozin attenuates atrial fibrosis via the HMGB1/RAGE pathway in atrial fibrillation rats
  116. Ecology and Environmental Science
  117. Optimization and comparative study of Bacillus consortia for cellulolytic potential and cellulase enzyme activity
  118. The complete mitochondrial genome analysis of Haemaphysalis hystricis Supino, 1897 (Ixodida: Ixodidae) and its phylogenetic implications
  119. Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors analysis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis among tuberculosis population in Huzhou City, Eastern China
  120. Indices of human impacts on landscapes: How do they reflect the proportions of natural habitats?
  121. Genetic analysis of the Siberian flying squirrel population in the northern Changbai Mountains, Northeast China: Insights into population status and conservation
  122. Diversity and environmental drivers of Suillus communities in Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forests of Inner Mongolia
  123. Agriculture
  124. Integrated analysis of transcriptome, sRNAome, and degradome involved in the drought-response of maize Zhengdan958
  125. Variation in flower frost tolerance among seven apple cultivars and transcriptome response patterns in two contrastingly frost-tolerant selected cultivars
  126. Heritability of durable resistance to stripe rust in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
  127. Animal Science
  128. Effect of sex ratio on the life history traits of an important invasive species, Spodoptera frugiperda
  129. Plant Sciences
  130. Hairpin in a haystack: In silico identification and characterization of plant-conserved microRNA in Rafflesiaceae
  131. Widely targeted metabolomics of different tissues in Rubus corchorifolius
  132. The complete chloroplast genome of Gerbera piloselloides (L.) Cass., 1820 (Carduoideae, Asteraceae) and its phylogenetic analysis
  133. Field trial to correlate mineral solubilization activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and biochemical content of groundnut plants
  134. Correlation analysis between semen routine parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index in patients with semen non-liquefaction: A retrospective study
  135. Plasticity of the anatomical traits of Rhododendron L. (Ericaceae) leaves and its implications in adaptation to the plateau environment
  136. Effects of Piriformospora indica and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus on growth and physiology of Moringa oleifera under low-temperature stress
  137. Effects of different sources of potassium fertiliser on yield, fruit quality and nutrient absorption in “Harward” kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)
  138. Comparative efficiency and residue levels of spraying programs against powdery mildew in grape varieties
  139. The DREB7 transcription factor enhances salt tolerance in soybean plants under salt stress
  140. Food Science
  141. Phytochemical analysis of Stachys iva: Discovering the optimal extract conditions and its bioactive compounds
  142. Review on role of honey in disease prevention and treatment through modulation of biological activities
  143. Computational analysis of polymorphic residues in maltose and maltotriose transporters of a wild Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain
  144. Optimization of phenolic compound extraction from Tunisian squash by-products: A sustainable approach for antioxidant and antibacterial applications
  145. Liupao tea aqueous extract alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in rats by modulating the gut microbiota
  146. Toxicological qualities and detoxification trends of fruit by-products for valorization: A review
  147. Polyphenolic spectrum of cornelian cherry fruits and their health-promoting effect
  148. Optimizing the encapsulation of the refined extract of squash peels for functional food applications: A sustainable approach to reduce food waste
  149. Advancements in curcuminoid formulations: An update on bioavailability enhancement strategies curcuminoid bioavailability and formulations
  150. Impact of saline sprouting on antioxidant properties and bioactive compounds in chia seeds
  151. The dilemma of food genetics and improvement
  152. Bioengineering and Biotechnology
  153. Impact of hyaluronic acid-modified hafnium metalorganic frameworks containing rhynchophylline on Alzheimer’s disease
  154. Emerging patterns in nanoparticle-based therapeutic approaches for rheumatoid arthritis: A comprehensive bibliometric and visual analysis spanning two decades
  155. Application of CRISPR/Cas gene editing for infectious disease control in poultry
  156. Preparation of hafnium nitride-coated titanium implants by magnetron sputtering technology and evaluation of their antibacterial properties and biocompatibility
  157. Preparation and characterization of lemongrass oil nanoemulsion: Antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and anticancer activities
  158. Corrigendum
  159. Corrigendum to “Utilization of convolutional neural networks to analyze microscopic images for high-throughput screening of mesenchymal stem cells”
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