Startseite Enhancing structural behaviour of polypropylene fibre concrete columns longitudinally reinforced with fibreglass bars
Artikel Open Access

Enhancing structural behaviour of polypropylene fibre concrete columns longitudinally reinforced with fibreglass bars

  • Thaer Jasim Mohammed , Suha Mnati Abbas , Thaer Matlab Mezher und Khalid M. Breesem EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 2. März 2024
Artikel downloaden (PDF)
Veröffentlichen auch Sie bei De Gruyter Brill
Manuskript einreichen Informationen für Autor*innen
Open Engineering
Aus der Zeitschrift Open Engineering Band 14 Heft 1

Abstract

The research aims to study the behaviour of concrete columns reinforced with fibreglass as bars exposed to seawater. Firstly, hardened concrete properties as the compressive strength and the tensile strength were investigated at ages 14, 28, and 56 days. Secondly, the experimental testing also involved casting 18 short concrete columns that have a length of 300 mm with the cross-sectional dimensions of 100 mm × 100 mm. Six samples were plain concrete, six were reinforced with a diameter of 6 mm longitudinal fibreglass bars, and six polypropylene fibre concrete columns were reinforced with a diameter of 6 mm fibreglass bars. The results added useful information using fibreglass bars (anti-corrosion materials) as reinforced longitudinal concrete columns, so the ultimate load of the reinforced concrete column with fibreglass rod exposed to seawater was 174.8 kN that it was higher than that of the plain concrete column at 104.9 kN. Thus, the fibreglass reinforcement technology enhances the capacity of the columns. So, it could be used in non-impacting structural parts. Meanwhile, the ultimate load of the fibre-reinforced concrete column with fibreglass rod exposed to seawater was 201.8 kN. It is 15.4% higher than that of the ultimate axial load of the reinforced concrete column with fibreglass rods only. Also, the results achieved of this research were encouraging, as the maximum failure load for short columns reinforced with fibreglass rods reached approximately 84 to 87% of failure load relative to polypropylene fibre concrete columns containing reinforcing fibreglass bars. As a result, the structural behaviour bars have been enhanced using fibreglass rod and polypropylene fibre.

Keywords: fibreglass bars; polypropylene fibre; concrete; sea water; short columns; axial load

1 Introduction

Much research shows the corrosion problems of steel, so it is possible to use alternative materials for reinforcing concrete structures of these materials, and fibreglass rods could be used to produce reinforced concrete [1,2,3]. These polymeric materials’ advantages are their corrosion resistance, without rust, lightweight, and reduced construction costs. The importance of the service in concrete bridges and ultimate behaviour was noted by using fibre-reinforced polymer rods to reinforce the bridge decks built in North America [4]. The carbon fiber reinforced polymer bars used in the reinforcement of the concrete samples continued to serve for many years without being affected [5,6].

Also, researchers are using glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforced concrete columns for their corrosion resistance as an alternative to traditional steel. It was found that the concrete columns improved ductility and confinement efficiency by using GFRP [7]. The GFRP bars had retard concrete crushing under axial load, delaying the failure of the column [5]. Meanwhile, the GFRP concrete columns were up to 15% more ductile [8]. Kharal and Sheikh also found that GFRP bars enhanced the columns’ earthquake resistance [9].

Meanwhile, El-Gamala and AlShareedah studied the behaviour of circular concrete columns reinforced with GFRP rods. The results showed that the GFRP-concrete columns had a slightly lower ultimate strength than their steel-concrete columns counterparts [10]. The amplitude of the obtained GFRP-concrete column was 17% less than that of the steel-concrete column [11]. Thus, the peak axial compression and lateral stiffnesses had been decreased satisfactorily [12,13]. In many research studies, GFRP bars have been successfully used as longitudinal reinforcement in concrete columns instead of reinforcing steel [14]. Thus, large-scale studies use GFRP bars in concrete columns compared to conventional steel bars [15]. However, to save water, it is necessary to study the effect of seawater on concrete columns reinforced with fibreglass bars compared with polypropylene fibre concrete columns reinforced with fibreglass bars to note the extent of its effect. So, this research aims to verify the efficiency of polypropylene fibre concrete columns reinforced with fibreglass rods treated by seawater subjected to axial load. In conclusion, from the aforementioned findings, there are specific research works in which the behaviour of longitudinal reinforcement with fibreglass bars in concrete columns was studied. Moreover, there has been no study of the effect of seawater on the axial behaviour of these concrete columns so far. The experimental study focused on the structural behaviour of short columns reinforced by fibreglass bars with or without polypropylene fibres. Moreover, the effect seawater on these short columns is also investigated.

2 Experimental test

This study used the following materials (cement–sand–gravel–water–superplasticizer) with mixing proportions (1:1.92:2.66:0.5), and the superplasticizer was 150 mL (i.e., 2% of the weight of the cement for normal concrete mixes). The 0.50% fibre weight of cement has been added to the polypropylene fibre concrete product mixes [14]. The size of gravel used was 5 mm. The samples were treated with potable water and salty water. So, treated salty water had salt of 35 g for 1,000 L [16].

The compressive strength of concrete was model cube with a volume of 0.001 m3. The tensile strength of concrete was model cylinder with a diameter of 0.1 m and a height of 0.2 m. Eighteen short-column models were cast with dimensions of 0.1 length, 0.1 width, and 0.3 m height. The short concrete columns are divided into several groups: the first group without reinforcement, the second group reinforced with longitudinal fibreglass rods with a diameter of 6 mm, and the third group polypropylene fibre concrete columns reinforced with longitudinal fibreglass rods with a diameter of 6 mm (Figure 1). It is worth noting that the reinforced concrete columns have four longitudinal fibreglass bars with a diameter of 6 mm (see Figures 1 and 2). Meanwhile, the diameter of stirrups is 4.5 mm at 45 mm c/c in the end and 90 mm c/c in the middle of the column. Based on tensile tests for fibreglass bars, the ultimate tensile strength is 820 N/mm2. Each group consisted of six samples: three were treated with potable water, while the others were treated with salty water. The samples were tested at the ages of 14, 28, and 56 days. The properties of hardened concrete were studied to determine the effect of curing by seawater. Firstly, the density of the polypropylene fibre concrete, the compressive strength, and the tensile strength of the concrete were measured at 14, 28, and 56 days after half of the concrete samples were treated with drinking water. In contrast, the other samples were treated with seawater, and the results were compared. Secondly, the experimental test also included casting 18 short concrete columns. Six samples were of regular concrete, six of which were reinforced with 6 mm diameter longitudinal fibreglass rods, and six polypropylene fibre concrete columns were reinforced with 6 mm diameter longitudinal fibreglass rods that were subjected to axial load in the laboratory. The concrete columns were reinforced longitudinally with fibreglass bars to enhance structural behaviour by adding polypropylene fibre to the concrete.

Figure 1 Weight of material.
Figure 1

Weight of material.

3 Result and conclusion

From Figure 3, it noted that the value of slump test without adding superplasticizer to the concrete mixture was 7 cm. To obtain self-compacting concrete without using vibrators, it used superplasticizer, so the flow rate was 50 cm.

Figure 2 Casting of samples.
Figure 2

Casting of samples.

Figure 3 Value of slump test with or without adding superplasticizer to the concrete mixture.
Figure 3

Value of slump test with or without adding superplasticizer to the concrete mixture.

The results show the effect of salt water treatment on concrete density, compressive strength, tensile strength, and strength of short concrete column. Table 1 shows that there is no effect of the salt water treatment on the concrete density values, which are close to the values of the density of the concrete treated with potable water. At the same time, the effect of the saltwater treatment was found on the compressive and indirect tensile strength values, which are marginally less than the values of the treatment with potable water, as given in Tables 2 and 3, respectively, meaning that there is a closeness in the results to a large extent. But it is noted that the older the curing age, it affects semi-obvious the resistive values. The reason may be a possibility of its effect on the hydration of the cement, which led to the crumbling of the concrete during the test, as shown in Figures 4 and 5.

Table 1

Effect of treated water on concrete density (g/cm3)

Code concrete mix At 28 days
C-PW 2.28
C-SW 2.28
CF-PW 2.35
CF-SW 2.34
Table 2

Effect of treated water on compressive strength of concrete (MPa)

Code mix At 14 days At 28 days
C-PW 16.42 21.28
C-SW 16.35 21.19
CF-PW 17.32 23.18
CF-SW 17.17 22.86
Table 3

Effect of treated water on tensile strength of concrete (MPa)

Code concrete mix At 14 days At 28 days
C-PW 1.598 2.301
C-SW 1.599 2.298
CF-PW 1.608 2.301
CF-SW 1.611 2.293

Where code concrete mix as: C-PW denotes the concrete treated with potable water. C-SW denotes the concrete treated with salt water. CF-PW denotes the polypropylene fibre concrete treated with potable water. CF-SW denotes the polypropylene fibre concrete treated with salty water.

Figure 4 Effect of treated water on compressive strength of concrete.
Figure 4

Effect of treated water on compressive strength of concrete.

Figure 5 Effect of treated water on tensile strength of concrete.
Figure 5

Effect of treated water on tensile strength of concrete.

At the same time, the effect of the salt water treatment was found on the compressive, indirect tensile strength values of the concrete and maximin loading on short concrete column, which are marginally less with the values of the treatment with potable water as found in Tables 2 and 3, respectively. However, it should be noted that the longer the curing period increases of samples, the more it affects the strength values. The reason may be a possibility of its effect on the hydration of the cement, which led to the crumbling of the concrete during the test, as shown in Figures 4 and 5.

After conducting the test, the short concrete column in the laboratory was subjected to an axial load. The maximin loading on a short concrete column was investigated, as shown in Figure 6. Table 4 presents the effect of treated seawater on an axial load of concrete columns with or without polypropylene fibre (plain and reinforced fibreglass). The ultimate load of the reinforced concrete column with fibreglass rods exposed to seawater reached 174.8 kN, and it was higher than that of the plain concrete column at 104.9 kN at 28 days. Therefore, the ratio of increase was 67%, so the technique of strengthening fibreglass as longitudinal reinforcement works to enhance the capacity of columns, which can be used in non-impacting structural parts. At the same time, the ultimate axial load of the fibre-reinforced concrete column with fibreglass rods exposed to seawater was 201.8 kN, which is 15.4% higher than that of the ultimate axial load of the reinforced concrete column with fibreglass rods. The results research was encouraged by fibreglass bars for the reinforced concrete columns, as the maximum axial load for fibreglass–concrete columns reached approximately 84–87% of the maximum axial load relative to polypropylene fibre concrete columns (Figures 7 and 8). Thus, the fibreglass bar enhances the capacity of the concrete columns. So it could be used in non-impacting structural parts. The use of fiberglass bars as longitudinal reinforcement of short concrete columns has provided important results in the literature. As a result, polypropylene fibre concrete columns longitudinally reinforced with fibreglass bars have enhanced the ultimate strength and structural behaviour (Table 4).

Figure 6 Effect of treated water on axial load on various short concrete columns.
Figure 6

Effect of treated water on axial load on various short concrete columns.

Figure 7 Maximum axial load on various short concrete columns at 28 days.
Figure 7

Maximum axial load on various short concrete columns at 28 days.

Figure 8 Maximum axial load on various short concrete columns at 56 days.
Figure 8

Maximum axial load on various short concrete columns at 56 days.

Table 4

Effect of treated water on axial load of short concrete columns (kN)

Code short concrete column At 14 days At 28 days At 56 days
PC-PW 75.3 105.6 106.2
PC-SW 75.2 104.9 103.2
RCCFG-PW 136.5 175.1 172.5
RCCFG-SW 135.8 174.8 171.3
FRCCFG-PW 164.4 203.5 205.4
FRCCFG-SW 163.7 201.8 200.2

Where code short concrete columns as: PC-PW denotes the plain concrete column treated in potable water. PC-SW denotes the plain concrete column treated in salty water. RCCFG-PW denotes the reinforced concrete column with fibreglass treated in potable water. RCCFG-SW denotes the reinforced concrete column with fibreglass treated in salty water. FRCCFG-PW denotes the fibre reinforced concrete column with fibreglass treated in potable water. FRCCFG-SW denotes the fibre reinforced concrete column with fibreglass treated in salty water.

The results also show the failure patterns of the short concrete column until the failure load. It was found that the short concrete columns began to fail and peel off the concrete at the loading point. The plain columns’ failure is large and clear, especially at the top, facing the middle of the short column. On the other hand, all fibreglass-reinforced short columns begin to fail from the upper part of the rod sheathing.

In detail, the failure was in the corners of the short columns due to the concentration of the loading stress, so concrete cracks occurred in the corner. For short columns reinforced with fibreglass bars, hairline corner cracks occurred in the upper corners of the concrete casing face. In the polypropylene fibre concrete columns reinforced with fibreglass, cracks occurred in the middle of faces at the beginning, then cracks in the corners of the upper and middle faces of the samples (Figure 9). Concrete flaking due to the lack of thickness of the concrete cover was noted, which directly affected the reinforcing steel, thus rusting it. Therefore, the importance of using fibreglass in reinforcing the concrete columns exposed to seawater becomes clear.

Figure 9 Crack pattern of all concrete columns.
Figure 9 Crack pattern of all concrete columns.
Figure 9

Crack pattern of all concrete columns.

As a result, seawater used in curing concrete decreases strength slightly but causes rebar to rust with time. Here, the importance of research using fibreglass rods with concrete columns as reinforced longitudinal is evident. To protect the reinforced columns from corrosion, it used anti-corrosion materials that are an alternative to steel rods.

4 Conclusion

In this research, the achieved results are encouraging as follows:

The compressive strength and the tensile strength of concrete samples treated with potable water have the closest results to those of the seawater-treated concrete samples.

The maximum axial compression of short concrete columns reinforced with fibreglass rods reaches approximately 84–87% relative to polypropylene fibre concrete columns reinforced with fibreglass rods.

Fibreglass as reinforcement technology enhances the columns’ capacity without rusting and can be used in typical buildings.

It was found that salt water has no noticeable effect on concrete. However, over the long term, it causes rusting of the longitudinal reinforcement of columns, which is a positive advantage of using fibre-class bars for concrete columns.

Thus, this study provides valuable information using fibreglass as longitudinal reinforcement in concrete columns.

As a result, the structural behaviour of concrete columns made of polypropylene fibres longitudinally reinforced with fibreglass bars exposed to harsh conditions is improved.

Acknowledgement

We thank the technicians for their help and contribution to achieving all tests in the laboratory of the Department of Civil Techniques.

  1. Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  2. Data availability statement: Most datasets generated and analysed in this study are comprised in this submitted manuscript. The other datasets are available on a reasonable request from the corresponding author with the attached information.

References

[1] Koch GH, Brongers MP, Thompson NG, Virmani YP, Payer JH. Corrosion cost and preventive strategies in the United States (No. FHWA-RD-01-156, R315-01). United States. Federal Highway Administration; 2002. https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/40697.Suche in Google Scholar

[2] Benmokrane B, El-Salakawy E, El-Ragaby A, El-Gamal S. Performance evaluation of innovative concrete bridge deck slabs reinforced with fibre-reinforced-polymer bars. Can J Civ Eng. 2007 Mar;34(3):298–310. 10.1139/L06-173.Suche in Google Scholar

[3] Atea RS, Aljazaari RA, Dheyab HM. A case study of T-beams with hybrid section shear characteristics of reactive powder concrete. Open Eng. 2023;13(1):20220424. 10.1515/eng-2022-0424.Suche in Google Scholar

[4] Alsheameri AM, Rasheed LS, Alsaad AJ. Enhancement of flexural behavior of hybrid flat slab by using SIFCON. Open Eng. 2023;13(1):20220487. 10.1515/eng-2022-048.Suche in Google Scholar

[5] El-Gamal S, Benmokrane B, El-Salakawy E. Cracking and deflection behavior of one-way parking garage slabs reinforced with CFRP bars. San Antonio, TX, United States: ACI Special Publication. 2009. p. 33–52.Suche in Google Scholar

[6] Afifi MZ, Mohamed HM, Benmokrane B. Axial capacity of circular concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars and spirals. J Compos Constr. 2014 Feb;18(1):04013017.10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000438Suche in Google Scholar

[7] Hadhood A, Mohamed HM, Benmokrane B. Failure envelope of circular concrete columns reinforced with glass fiber-reinforced polymer bars and spirals. ACI Struct J. 2017 Nov;114(6):1417–28.10.14359/51689498Suche in Google Scholar

[8] Elchalakani M, Dong M, Karrech A, Mohamed Ali MS, Huo JS. Circular concrete columns and beams reinforced with GFRP bars and spirals under axial, eccentric, and flexural loading. J Compos Constr. 2020 Jun;24(3):04020008.10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0001008Suche in Google Scholar

[9] Kharal Z, Sheikh SA. Seismic behavior of square and circular concrete columns with GFRP reinforcement. J Compos Constr. 2020 Feb;24(1):04019059.10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0000988Suche in Google Scholar

[10] El-Gamal S, AlShareedah O. Behavior of axially loaded low strength concrete columns reinforced with GFRP bars and spirals. Eng Struct. 2020 Aug;216:110732.10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110732Suche in Google Scholar

[11] Barua S, El-Salakawy E. Performance of GFRP-reinforced concrete circular short columns under concentric, eccentric, and flexural loads. J Compos Constr. 2020 Oct;24(5):04020044.10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0001058Suche in Google Scholar

[12] Barua S, Mahmoud K, El-Salakawy E. Slender GFRP-RC circular columns under concentric, eccentric, and flexural loads: Experimental investigation. J Bridge Eng. 2021 Jul;26(7):04021033.10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0001729Suche in Google Scholar

[13] Almomani MT, Mahmoud K, El-Salakawy EF. Experimental investigation of large-scale eccentrically loaded GFRP-reinforced high-strength concrete columns. J Compos Constr. 2022 Apr;26(2):04021072.10.1061/(ASCE)CC.1943-5614.0001186Suche in Google Scholar

[14] Almomani Y, Tarawneh A, Alawadi R, Taqieddin ZN, Taha S, Sheikh NA, et al. Confinement model for circular concrete columns transversely reinforced with GFRP spirals and hoops. Results Eng. 2023 Mar;17:100918.10.1016/j.rineng.2023.100918Suche in Google Scholar

[15] Xiao L, Hu H, Peng S, Du Z, Xu C. Compression behavior of GFRP reinforced hybrid fibre reinforced concrete short columns subjected to eccentric loading. Constr Build Mater. 2023 Aug;393:131985.10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.131985Suche in Google Scholar

[16] Gawande S, Deshmukh Y, Bhagwat M, More S, Nirwal N, Phadatare A. Comparative study of effect of salt water and fresh water on concrete. Int Res J Eng Technol. 2017;4(4):2642–6.Suche in Google Scholar
Received: 2023-12-07
Revised: 2024-01-04
Accepted: 2024-01-09
Published Online: 2024-03-02

© 2024 the author(s), published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Regular Articles
  2. Methodology of automated quality management
  3. Influence of vibratory conveyor design parameters on the trough motion and the self-synchronization of inertial vibrators
  4. Application of finite element method in industrial design, example of an electric motorcycle design project
  5. Correlative evaluation of the corrosion resilience and passivation properties of zinc and aluminum alloys in neutral chloride and acid-chloride solutions
  6. Will COVID “encourage” B2B and data exchange engineering in logistic firms?
  7. Influence of unsupported sleepers on flange climb derailment of two freight wagons
  8. A hybrid detection algorithm for 5G OTFS waveform for 64 and 256 QAM with Rayleigh and Rician channels
  9. Effect of short heat treatment on mechanical properties and shape memory properties of Cu–Al–Ni shape memory alloy
  10. Exploring the potential of ammonia and hydrogen as alternative fuels for transportation
  11. Impact of insulation on energy consumption and CO2 emissions in high-rise commercial buildings at various climate zones
  12. Advanced autopilot design with extremum-seeking control for aircraft control
  13. Adaptive multidimensional trust-based recommendation model for peer to peer applications
  14. Effects of CFRP sheets on the flexural behavior of high-strength concrete beam
  15. Enhancing urban sustainability through industrial synergy: A multidisciplinary framework for integrating sustainable industrial practices within urban settings – The case of Hamadan industrial city
  16. Advanced vibrant controller results of an energetic framework structure
  17. Application of the Taguchi method and RSM for process parameter optimization in AWSJ machining of CFRP composite-based orthopedic implants
  18. Improved correlation of soil modulus with SPT N values
  19. Technologies for high-temperature batch annealing of grain-oriented electrical steel: An overview
  20. Assessing the need for the adoption of digitalization in Indian small and medium enterprises
  21. A non-ideal hybridization issue for vertical TFET-based dielectric-modulated biosensor
  22. Optimizing data retrieval for enhanced data integrity verification in cloud environments
  23. Performance analysis of nonlinear crosstalk of WDM systems using modulation schemes criteria
  24. Nonlinear finite-element analysis of RC beams with various opening near supports
  25. Thermal analysis of Fe3O4–Cu/water over a cone: a fractional Maxwell model
  26. Radial–axial runner blade design using the coordinate slice technique
  27. Theoretical and experimental comparison between straight and curved continuous box girders
  28. Effect of the reinforcement ratio on the mechanical behaviour of textile-reinforced concrete composite: Experiment and numerical modeling
  29. Experimental and numerical investigation on composite beam–column joint connection behavior using different types of connection schemes
  30. Enhanced performance and robustness in anti-lock brake systems using barrier function-based integral sliding mode control
  31. Evaluation of the creep strength of samples produced by fused deposition modeling
  32. A combined feedforward-feedback controller design for nonlinear systems
  33. Effect of adjacent structures on footing settlement for different multi-building arrangements
  34. Analyzing the impact of curved tracks on wheel flange thickness reduction in railway systems
  35. Review Articles
  36. Mechanical and smart properties of cement nanocomposites containing nanomaterials: A brief review
  37. Applications of nanotechnology and nanoproduction techniques
  38. Relationship between indoor environmental quality and guests’ comfort and satisfaction at green hotels: A comprehensive review
  39. Communication
  40. Techniques to mitigate the admission of radon inside buildings
  41. Erratum
  42. Erratum to “Effect of short heat treatment on mechanical properties and shape memory properties of Cu–Al–Ni shape memory alloy”
  43. Special Issue: AESMT-3 - Part II
  44. Integrated fuzzy logic and multicriteria decision model methods for selecting suitable sites for wastewater treatment plant: A case study in the center of Basrah, Iraq
  45. Physical and mechanical response of porous metals composites with nano-natural additives
  46. Special Issue: AESMT-4 - Part II
  47. New recycling method of lubricant oil and the effect on the viscosity and viscous shear as an environmentally friendly
  48. Identify the effect of Fe2O3 nanoparticles on mechanical and microstructural characteristics of aluminum matrix composite produced by powder metallurgy technique
  49. Static behavior of piled raft foundation in clay
  50. Ultra-low-power CMOS ring oscillator with minimum power consumption of 2.9 pW using low-voltage biasing technique
  51. Using ANN for well type identifying and increasing production from Sa’di formation of Halfaya oil field – Iraq
  52. Optimizing the performance of concrete tiles using nano-papyrus and carbon fibers
  53. Special Issue: AESMT-5 - Part II
  54. Comparative the effect of distribution transformer coil shape on electromagnetic forces and their distribution using the FEM
  55. The complex of Weyl module in free characteristic in the event of a partition (7,5,3)
  56. Restrained captive domination number
  57. Experimental study of improving hot mix asphalt reinforced with carbon fibers
  58. Asphalt binder modified with recycled tyre rubber
  59. Thermal performance of radiant floor cooling with phase change material for energy-efficient buildings
  60. Surveying the prediction of risks in cryptocurrency investments using recurrent neural networks
  61. A deep reinforcement learning framework to modify LQR for an active vibration control applied to 2D building models
  62. Evaluation of mechanically stabilized earth retaining walls for different soil–structure interaction methods: A review
  63. Assessment of heat transfer in a triangular duct with different configurations of ribs using computational fluid dynamics
  64. Sulfate removal from wastewater by using waste material as an adsorbent
  65. Experimental investigation on strengthening lap joints subjected to bending in glulam timber beams using CFRP sheets
  66. A study of the vibrations of a rotor bearing suspended by a hybrid spring system of shape memory alloys
  67. Stability analysis of Hub dam under rapid drawdown
  68. Developing ANFIS-FMEA model for assessment and prioritization of potential trouble factors in Iraqi building projects
  69. Numerical and experimental comparison study of piled raft foundation
  70. Effect of asphalt modified with waste engine oil on the durability properties of hot asphalt mixtures with reclaimed asphalt pavement
  71. Hydraulic model for flood inundation in Diyala River Basin using HEC-RAS, PMP, and neural network
  72. Numerical study on discharge capacity of piano key side weir with various ratios of the crest length to the width
  73. The optimal allocation of thyristor-controlled series compensators for enhancement HVAC transmission lines Iraqi super grid by using seeker optimization algorithm
  74. Numerical and experimental study of the impact on aerodynamic characteristics of the NACA0012 airfoil
  75. Effect of nano-TiO2 on physical and rheological properties of asphalt cement
  76. Performance evolution of novel palm leaf powder used for enhancing hot mix asphalt
  77. Performance analysis, evaluation, and improvement of selected unsignalized intersection using SIDRA software – Case study
  78. Flexural behavior of RC beams externally reinforced with CFRP composites using various strategies
  79. Influence of fiber types on the properties of the artificial cold-bonded lightweight aggregates
  80. Experimental investigation of RC beams strengthened with externally bonded BFRP composites
  81. Generalized RKM methods for solving fifth-order quasi-linear fractional partial differential equation
  82. An experimental and numerical study investigating sediment transport position in the bed of sewer pipes in Karbala
  83. Role of individual component failure in the performance of a 1-out-of-3 cold standby system: A Markov model approach
  84. Implementation for the cases (5, 4) and (5, 4)/(2, 0)
  85. Center group actions and related concepts
  86. Experimental investigation of the effect of horizontal construction joints on the behavior of deep beams
  87. Deletion of a vertex in even sum domination
  88. Deep learning techniques in concrete powder mix designing
  89. Effect of loading type in concrete deep beam with strut reinforcement
  90. Studying the effect of using CFRP warping on strength of husk rice concrete columns
  91. Parametric analysis of the influence of climatic factors on the formation of traditional buildings in the city of Al Najaf
  92. Suitability location for landfill using a fuzzy-GIS model: A case study in Hillah, Iraq
  93. Hybrid approach for cost estimation of sustainable building projects using artificial neural networks
  94. Assessment of indirect tensile stress and tensile–strength ratio and creep compliance in HMA mixes with micro-silica and PMB
  95. Density functional theory to study stopping power of proton in water, lung, bladder, and intestine
  96. A review of single flow, flow boiling, and coating microchannel studies
  97. Effect of GFRP bar length on the flexural behavior of hybrid concrete beams strengthened with NSM bars
  98. Exploring the impact of parameters on flow boiling heat transfer in microchannels and coated microtubes: A comprehensive review
  99. Crumb rubber modification for enhanced rutting resistance in asphalt mixtures
  100. Special Issue: AESMT-6
  101. Design of a new sorting colors system based on PLC, TIA portal, and factory I/O programs
  102. Forecasting empirical formula for suspended sediment load prediction at upstream of Al-Kufa barrage, Kufa City, Iraq
  103. Optimization and characterization of sustainable geopolymer mortars based on palygorskite clay, water glass, and sodium hydroxide
  104. Sediment transport modelling upstream of Al Kufa Barrage
  105. Study of energy loss, range, and stopping time for proton in germanium and copper materials
  106. Effect of internal and external recycle ratios on the nutrient removal efficiency of anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (VIP) wastewater treatment plant
  107. Enhancing structural behaviour of polypropylene fibre concrete columns longitudinally reinforced with fibreglass bars
  108. Sustainable road paving: Enhancing concrete paver blocks with zeolite-enhanced cement
  109. Evaluation of the operational performance of Karbala waste water treatment plant under variable flow using GPS-X model
  110. Design and simulation of photonic crystal fiber for highly sensitive chemical sensing applications
  111. Optimization and design of a new column sequencing for crude oil distillation at Basrah refinery
  112. Inductive 3D numerical modelling of the tibia bone using MRI to examine von Mises stress and overall deformation
  113. An image encryption method based on modified elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol and Hill Cipher
  114. Experimental investigation of generating superheated steam using a parabolic dish with a cylindrical cavity receiver: A case study
  115. Effect of surface roughness on the interface behavior of clayey soils
  116. Investigated of the optical properties for SiO2 by using Lorentz model
  117. Measurements of induced vibrations due to steel pipe pile driving in Al-Fao soil: Effect of partial end closure
  118. Experimental and numerical studies of ballistic resistance of hybrid sandwich composite body armor
  119. Evaluation of clay layer presence on shallow foundation settlement in dry sand under an earthquake
  120. Optimal design of mechanical performances of asphalt mixtures comprising nano-clay additives
  121. Advancing seismic performance: Isolators, TMDs, and multi-level strategies in reinforced concrete buildings
  122. Predicted evaporation in Basrah using artificial neural networks
  123. Energy management system for a small town to enhance quality of life
  124. Numerical study on entropy minimization in pipes with helical airfoil and CuO nanoparticle integration
  125. Equations and methodologies of inlet drainage system discharge coefficients: A review
  126. Thermal buckling analysis for hybrid and composite laminated plate by using new displacement function
  127. Investigation into the mechanical and thermal properties of lightweight mortar using commercial beads or recycled expanded polystyrene
  128. Experimental and theoretical analysis of single-jet column and concrete column using double-jet grouting technique applied at Al-Rashdia site
  129. The impact of incorporating waste materials on the mechanical and physical characteristics of tile adhesive materials
  130. Seismic resilience: Innovations in structural engineering for earthquake-prone areas
  131. Automatic human identification using fingerprint images based on Gabor filter and SIFT features fusion
  132. Performance of GRKM-method for solving classes of ordinary and partial differential equations of sixth-orders
  133. Visible light-boosted photodegradation activity of Ag–AgVO3/Zn0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4 supported heterojunctions for effective degradation of organic contaminates
  134. Production of sustainable concrete with treated cement kiln dust and iron slag waste aggregate
  135. Key effects on the structural behavior of fiber-reinforced lightweight concrete-ribbed slabs: A review
  136. A comparative analysis of the energy dissipation efficiency of various piano key weir types
  137. Special Issue: Transport 2022 - Part II
  138. Variability in road surface temperature in urban road network – A case study making use of mobile measurements
  139. Special Issue: BCEE5-2023
  140. Evaluation of reclaimed asphalt mixtures rejuvenated with waste engine oil to resist rutting deformation
  141. Assessment of potential resistance to moisture damage and fatigue cracks of asphalt mixture modified with ground granulated blast furnace slag
  142. Investigating seismic response in adjacent structures: A study on the impact of buildings’ orientation and distance considering soil–structure interaction
  143. Improvement of porosity of mortar using polyethylene glycol pre-polymer-impregnated mortar
  144. Three-dimensional analysis of steel beam-column bolted connections
  145. Assessment of agricultural drought in Iraq employing Landsat and MODIS imagery
  146. Performance evaluation of grouted porous asphalt concrete
  147. Optimization of local modified metakaolin-based geopolymer concrete by Taguchi method
  148. Effect of waste tire products on some characteristics of roller-compacted concrete
  149. Studying the lateral displacement of retaining wall supporting sandy soil under dynamic loads
  150. Seismic performance evaluation of concrete buttress dram (Dynamic linear analysis)
  151. Behavior of soil reinforced with micropiles
  152. Possibility of production high strength lightweight concrete containing organic waste aggregate and recycled steel fibers
  153. An investigation of self-sensing and mechanical properties of smart engineered cementitious composites reinforced with functional materials
  154. Forecasting changes in precipitation and temperatures of a regional watershed in Northern Iraq using LARS-WG model
  155. Experimental investigation of dynamic soil properties for modeling energy-absorbing layers
  156. Numerical investigation of the effect of longitudinal steel reinforcement ratio on the ductility of concrete beams
  157. An experimental study on the tensile properties of reinforced asphalt pavement
  158. Self-sensing behavior of hot asphalt mixture with steel fiber-based additive
  159. Behavior of ultra-high-performance concrete deep beams reinforced by basalt fibers
  160. Optimizing asphalt binder performance with various PET types
  161. Investigation of the hydraulic characteristics and homogeneity of the microstructure of the air voids in the sustainable rigid pavement
  162. Enhanced biogas production from municipal solid waste via digestion with cow manure: A case study
  163. Special Issue: AESMT-7 - Part I
  164. Preparation and investigation of cobalt nanoparticles by laser ablation: Structure, linear, and nonlinear optical properties
  165. Seismic analysis of RC building with plan irregularity in Baghdad/Iraq to obtain the optimal behavior
  166. The effect of urban environment on large-scale path loss model’s main parameters for mmWave 5G mobile network in Iraq
  167. Formatting a questionnaire for the quality control of river bank roads
  168. Vibration suppression of smart composite beam using model predictive controller
  169. Machine learning-based compressive strength estimation in nanomaterial-modified lightweight concrete
  170. In-depth analysis of critical factors affecting Iraqi construction projects performance
  171. Behavior of container berth structure under the influence of environmental and operational loads
  172. Energy absorption and impact response of ballistic resistance laminate
  173. Effect of water-absorbent polymer balls in internal curing on punching shear behavior of bubble slabs
  174. Effect of surface roughness on interface shear strength parameters of sandy soils
  175. Evaluating the interaction for embedded H-steel section in normal concrete under monotonic and repeated loads
  176. Estimation of the settlement of pile head using ANN and multivariate linear regression based on the results of load transfer method
  177. Enhancing communication: Deep learning for Arabic sign language translation
  178. A review of recent studies of both heat pipe and evaporative cooling in passive heat recovery
  179. Effect of nano-silica on the mechanical properties of LWC
  180. An experimental study of some mechanical properties and absorption for polymer-modified cement mortar modified with superplasticizer
  181. Digital beamforming enhancement with LSTM-based deep learning for millimeter wave transmission
  182. Developing an efficient planning process for heritage buildings maintenance in Iraq
  183. Design and optimization of two-stage controller for three-phase multi-converter/multi-machine electric vehicle
  184. Evaluation of microstructure and mechanical properties of Al1050/Al2O3/Gr composite processed by forming operation ECAP
  185. Calculations of mass stopping power and range of protons in organic compounds (CH3OH, CH2O, and CO2) at energy range of 0.01–1,000 MeV
  186. Investigation of in vitro behavior of composite coating hydroxyapatite-nano silver on 316L stainless steel substrate by electrophoretic technic for biomedical tools
  187. A review: Enhancing tribological properties of journal bearings composite materials
  188. Improvements in the randomness and security of digital currency using the photon sponge hash function through Maiorana–McFarland S-box replacement
  189. Design a new scheme for image security using a deep learning technique of hierarchical parameters
  190. Special Issue: ICES 2023
  191. Comparative geotechnical analysis for ultimate bearing capacity of precast concrete piles using cone resistance measurements
  192. Visualizing sustainable rainwater harvesting: A case study of Karbala Province
  193. Geogrid reinforcement for improving bearing capacity and stability of square foundations
  194. Evaluation of the effluent concentrations of Karbala wastewater treatment plant using reliability analysis
  195. Adsorbent made with inexpensive, local resources
  196. Effect of drain pipes on seepage and slope stability through a zoned earth dam
  197. Sediment accumulation in an 8 inch sewer pipe for a sample of various particles obtained from the streets of Karbala city, Iraq
  198. Special Issue: IETAS 2024 - Part I
  199. Analyzing the impact of transfer learning on explanation accuracy in deep learning-based ECG recognition systems
  200. Effect of scale factor on the dynamic response of frame foundations
  201. Improving multi-object detection and tracking with deep learning, DeepSORT, and frame cancellation techniques
  202. The impact of using prestressed CFRP bars on the development of flexural strength
  203. Assessment of surface hardness and impact strength of denture base resins reinforced with silver–titanium dioxide and silver–zirconium dioxide nanoparticles: In vitro study
  204. A data augmentation approach to enhance breast cancer detection using generative adversarial and artificial neural networks
  205. Modification of the 5D Lorenz chaotic map with fuzzy numbers for video encryption in cloud computing
  206. Special Issue: 51st KKBN - Part I
  207. Evaluation of static bending caused damage of glass-fiber composite structure using terahertz inspection
https://doi.org/10.1515/eng-2022-0574
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
fibreglass bars; polypropylene fibre; concrete; sea water; short columns; axial load
Creative Commons
BY 4.0

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Regular Articles
  2. Methodology of automated quality management
  3. Influence of vibratory conveyor design parameters on the trough motion and the self-synchronization of inertial vibrators
  4. Application of finite element method in industrial design, example of an electric motorcycle design project
  5. Correlative evaluation of the corrosion resilience and passivation properties of zinc and aluminum alloys in neutral chloride and acid-chloride solutions
  6. Will COVID “encourage” B2B and data exchange engineering in logistic firms?
  7. Influence of unsupported sleepers on flange climb derailment of two freight wagons
  8. A hybrid detection algorithm for 5G OTFS waveform for 64 and 256 QAM with Rayleigh and Rician channels
  9. Effect of short heat treatment on mechanical properties and shape memory properties of Cu–Al–Ni shape memory alloy
  10. Exploring the potential of ammonia and hydrogen as alternative fuels for transportation
  11. Impact of insulation on energy consumption and CO2 emissions in high-rise commercial buildings at various climate zones
  12. Advanced autopilot design with extremum-seeking control for aircraft control
  13. Adaptive multidimensional trust-based recommendation model for peer to peer applications
  14. Effects of CFRP sheets on the flexural behavior of high-strength concrete beam
  15. Enhancing urban sustainability through industrial synergy: A multidisciplinary framework for integrating sustainable industrial practices within urban settings – The case of Hamadan industrial city
  16. Advanced vibrant controller results of an energetic framework structure
  17. Application of the Taguchi method and RSM for process parameter optimization in AWSJ machining of CFRP composite-based orthopedic implants
  18. Improved correlation of soil modulus with SPT N values
  19. Technologies for high-temperature batch annealing of grain-oriented electrical steel: An overview
  20. Assessing the need for the adoption of digitalization in Indian small and medium enterprises
  21. A non-ideal hybridization issue for vertical TFET-based dielectric-modulated biosensor
  22. Optimizing data retrieval for enhanced data integrity verification in cloud environments
  23. Performance analysis of nonlinear crosstalk of WDM systems using modulation schemes criteria
  24. Nonlinear finite-element analysis of RC beams with various opening near supports
  25. Thermal analysis of Fe3O4–Cu/water over a cone: a fractional Maxwell model
  26. Radial–axial runner blade design using the coordinate slice technique
  27. Theoretical and experimental comparison between straight and curved continuous box girders
  28. Effect of the reinforcement ratio on the mechanical behaviour of textile-reinforced concrete composite: Experiment and numerical modeling
  29. Experimental and numerical investigation on composite beam–column joint connection behavior using different types of connection schemes
  30. Enhanced performance and robustness in anti-lock brake systems using barrier function-based integral sliding mode control
  31. Evaluation of the creep strength of samples produced by fused deposition modeling
  32. A combined feedforward-feedback controller design for nonlinear systems
  33. Effect of adjacent structures on footing settlement for different multi-building arrangements
  34. Analyzing the impact of curved tracks on wheel flange thickness reduction in railway systems
  35. Review Articles
  36. Mechanical and smart properties of cement nanocomposites containing nanomaterials: A brief review
  37. Applications of nanotechnology and nanoproduction techniques
  38. Relationship between indoor environmental quality and guests’ comfort and satisfaction at green hotels: A comprehensive review
  39. Communication
  40. Techniques to mitigate the admission of radon inside buildings
  41. Erratum
  42. Erratum to “Effect of short heat treatment on mechanical properties and shape memory properties of Cu–Al–Ni shape memory alloy”
  43. Special Issue: AESMT-3 - Part II
  44. Integrated fuzzy logic and multicriteria decision model methods for selecting suitable sites for wastewater treatment plant: A case study in the center of Basrah, Iraq
  45. Physical and mechanical response of porous metals composites with nano-natural additives
  46. Special Issue: AESMT-4 - Part II
  47. New recycling method of lubricant oil and the effect on the viscosity and viscous shear as an environmentally friendly
  48. Identify the effect of Fe2O3 nanoparticles on mechanical and microstructural characteristics of aluminum matrix composite produced by powder metallurgy technique
  49. Static behavior of piled raft foundation in clay
  50. Ultra-low-power CMOS ring oscillator with minimum power consumption of 2.9 pW using low-voltage biasing technique
  51. Using ANN for well type identifying and increasing production from Sa’di formation of Halfaya oil field – Iraq
  52. Optimizing the performance of concrete tiles using nano-papyrus and carbon fibers
  53. Special Issue: AESMT-5 - Part II
  54. Comparative the effect of distribution transformer coil shape on electromagnetic forces and their distribution using the FEM
  55. The complex of Weyl module in free characteristic in the event of a partition (7,5,3)
  56. Restrained captive domination number
  57. Experimental study of improving hot mix asphalt reinforced with carbon fibers
  58. Asphalt binder modified with recycled tyre rubber
  59. Thermal performance of radiant floor cooling with phase change material for energy-efficient buildings
  60. Surveying the prediction of risks in cryptocurrency investments using recurrent neural networks
  61. A deep reinforcement learning framework to modify LQR for an active vibration control applied to 2D building models
  62. Evaluation of mechanically stabilized earth retaining walls for different soil–structure interaction methods: A review
  63. Assessment of heat transfer in a triangular duct with different configurations of ribs using computational fluid dynamics
  64. Sulfate removal from wastewater by using waste material as an adsorbent
  65. Experimental investigation on strengthening lap joints subjected to bending in glulam timber beams using CFRP sheets
  66. A study of the vibrations of a rotor bearing suspended by a hybrid spring system of shape memory alloys
  67. Stability analysis of Hub dam under rapid drawdown
  68. Developing ANFIS-FMEA model for assessment and prioritization of potential trouble factors in Iraqi building projects
  69. Numerical and experimental comparison study of piled raft foundation
  70. Effect of asphalt modified with waste engine oil on the durability properties of hot asphalt mixtures with reclaimed asphalt pavement
  71. Hydraulic model for flood inundation in Diyala River Basin using HEC-RAS, PMP, and neural network
  72. Numerical study on discharge capacity of piano key side weir with various ratios of the crest length to the width
  73. The optimal allocation of thyristor-controlled series compensators for enhancement HVAC transmission lines Iraqi super grid by using seeker optimization algorithm
  74. Numerical and experimental study of the impact on aerodynamic characteristics of the NACA0012 airfoil
  75. Effect of nano-TiO2 on physical and rheological properties of asphalt cement
  76. Performance evolution of novel palm leaf powder used for enhancing hot mix asphalt
  77. Performance analysis, evaluation, and improvement of selected unsignalized intersection using SIDRA software – Case study
  78. Flexural behavior of RC beams externally reinforced with CFRP composites using various strategies
  79. Influence of fiber types on the properties of the artificial cold-bonded lightweight aggregates
  80. Experimental investigation of RC beams strengthened with externally bonded BFRP composites
  81. Generalized RKM methods for solving fifth-order quasi-linear fractional partial differential equation
  82. An experimental and numerical study investigating sediment transport position in the bed of sewer pipes in Karbala
  83. Role of individual component failure in the performance of a 1-out-of-3 cold standby system: A Markov model approach
  84. Implementation for the cases (5, 4) and (5, 4)/(2, 0)
  85. Center group actions and related concepts
  86. Experimental investigation of the effect of horizontal construction joints on the behavior of deep beams
  87. Deletion of a vertex in even sum domination
  88. Deep learning techniques in concrete powder mix designing
  89. Effect of loading type in concrete deep beam with strut reinforcement
  90. Studying the effect of using CFRP warping on strength of husk rice concrete columns
  91. Parametric analysis of the influence of climatic factors on the formation of traditional buildings in the city of Al Najaf
  92. Suitability location for landfill using a fuzzy-GIS model: A case study in Hillah, Iraq
  93. Hybrid approach for cost estimation of sustainable building projects using artificial neural networks
  94. Assessment of indirect tensile stress and tensile–strength ratio and creep compliance in HMA mixes with micro-silica and PMB
  95. Density functional theory to study stopping power of proton in water, lung, bladder, and intestine
  96. A review of single flow, flow boiling, and coating microchannel studies
  97. Effect of GFRP bar length on the flexural behavior of hybrid concrete beams strengthened with NSM bars
  98. Exploring the impact of parameters on flow boiling heat transfer in microchannels and coated microtubes: A comprehensive review
  99. Crumb rubber modification for enhanced rutting resistance in asphalt mixtures
  100. Special Issue: AESMT-6
  101. Design of a new sorting colors system based on PLC, TIA portal, and factory I/O programs
  102. Forecasting empirical formula for suspended sediment load prediction at upstream of Al-Kufa barrage, Kufa City, Iraq
  103. Optimization and characterization of sustainable geopolymer mortars based on palygorskite clay, water glass, and sodium hydroxide
  104. Sediment transport modelling upstream of Al Kufa Barrage
  105. Study of energy loss, range, and stopping time for proton in germanium and copper materials
  106. Effect of internal and external recycle ratios on the nutrient removal efficiency of anaerobic/anoxic/oxic (VIP) wastewater treatment plant
  107. Enhancing structural behaviour of polypropylene fibre concrete columns longitudinally reinforced with fibreglass bars
  108. Sustainable road paving: Enhancing concrete paver blocks with zeolite-enhanced cement
  109. Evaluation of the operational performance of Karbala waste water treatment plant under variable flow using GPS-X model
  110. Design and simulation of photonic crystal fiber for highly sensitive chemical sensing applications
  111. Optimization and design of a new column sequencing for crude oil distillation at Basrah refinery
  112. Inductive 3D numerical modelling of the tibia bone using MRI to examine von Mises stress and overall deformation
  113. An image encryption method based on modified elliptic curve Diffie-Hellman key exchange protocol and Hill Cipher
  114. Experimental investigation of generating superheated steam using a parabolic dish with a cylindrical cavity receiver: A case study
  115. Effect of surface roughness on the interface behavior of clayey soils
  116. Investigated of the optical properties for SiO2 by using Lorentz model
  117. Measurements of induced vibrations due to steel pipe pile driving in Al-Fao soil: Effect of partial end closure
  118. Experimental and numerical studies of ballistic resistance of hybrid sandwich composite body armor
  119. Evaluation of clay layer presence on shallow foundation settlement in dry sand under an earthquake
  120. Optimal design of mechanical performances of asphalt mixtures comprising nano-clay additives
  121. Advancing seismic performance: Isolators, TMDs, and multi-level strategies in reinforced concrete buildings
  122. Predicted evaporation in Basrah using artificial neural networks
  123. Energy management system for a small town to enhance quality of life
  124. Numerical study on entropy minimization in pipes with helical airfoil and CuO nanoparticle integration
  125. Equations and methodologies of inlet drainage system discharge coefficients: A review
  126. Thermal buckling analysis for hybrid and composite laminated plate by using new displacement function
  127. Investigation into the mechanical and thermal properties of lightweight mortar using commercial beads or recycled expanded polystyrene
  128. Experimental and theoretical analysis of single-jet column and concrete column using double-jet grouting technique applied at Al-Rashdia site
  129. The impact of incorporating waste materials on the mechanical and physical characteristics of tile adhesive materials
  130. Seismic resilience: Innovations in structural engineering for earthquake-prone areas
  131. Automatic human identification using fingerprint images based on Gabor filter and SIFT features fusion
  132. Performance of GRKM-method for solving classes of ordinary and partial differential equations of sixth-orders
  133. Visible light-boosted photodegradation activity of Ag–AgVO3/Zn0.5Mn0.5Fe2O4 supported heterojunctions for effective degradation of organic contaminates
  134. Production of sustainable concrete with treated cement kiln dust and iron slag waste aggregate
  135. Key effects on the structural behavior of fiber-reinforced lightweight concrete-ribbed slabs: A review
  136. A comparative analysis of the energy dissipation efficiency of various piano key weir types
  137. Special Issue: Transport 2022 - Part II
  138. Variability in road surface temperature in urban road network – A case study making use of mobile measurements
  139. Special Issue: BCEE5-2023
  140. Evaluation of reclaimed asphalt mixtures rejuvenated with waste engine oil to resist rutting deformation
  141. Assessment of potential resistance to moisture damage and fatigue cracks of asphalt mixture modified with ground granulated blast furnace slag
  142. Investigating seismic response in adjacent structures: A study on the impact of buildings’ orientation and distance considering soil–structure interaction
  143. Improvement of porosity of mortar using polyethylene glycol pre-polymer-impregnated mortar
  144. Three-dimensional analysis of steel beam-column bolted connections
  145. Assessment of agricultural drought in Iraq employing Landsat and MODIS imagery
  146. Performance evaluation of grouted porous asphalt concrete
  147. Optimization of local modified metakaolin-based geopolymer concrete by Taguchi method
  148. Effect of waste tire products on some characteristics of roller-compacted concrete
  149. Studying the lateral displacement of retaining wall supporting sandy soil under dynamic loads
  150. Seismic performance evaluation of concrete buttress dram (Dynamic linear analysis)
  151. Behavior of soil reinforced with micropiles
  152. Possibility of production high strength lightweight concrete containing organic waste aggregate and recycled steel fibers
  153. An investigation of self-sensing and mechanical properties of smart engineered cementitious composites reinforced with functional materials
  154. Forecasting changes in precipitation and temperatures of a regional watershed in Northern Iraq using LARS-WG model
  155. Experimental investigation of dynamic soil properties for modeling energy-absorbing layers
  156. Numerical investigation of the effect of longitudinal steel reinforcement ratio on the ductility of concrete beams
  157. An experimental study on the tensile properties of reinforced asphalt pavement
  158. Self-sensing behavior of hot asphalt mixture with steel fiber-based additive
  159. Behavior of ultra-high-performance concrete deep beams reinforced by basalt fibers
  160. Optimizing asphalt binder performance with various PET types
  161. Investigation of the hydraulic characteristics and homogeneity of the microstructure of the air voids in the sustainable rigid pavement
  162. Enhanced biogas production from municipal solid waste via digestion with cow manure: A case study
  163. Special Issue: AESMT-7 - Part I
  164. Preparation and investigation of cobalt nanoparticles by laser ablation: Structure, linear, and nonlinear optical properties
  165. Seismic analysis of RC building with plan irregularity in Baghdad/Iraq to obtain the optimal behavior
  166. The effect of urban environment on large-scale path loss model’s main parameters for mmWave 5G mobile network in Iraq
  167. Formatting a questionnaire for the quality control of river bank roads
  168. Vibration suppression of smart composite beam using model predictive controller
  169. Machine learning-based compressive strength estimation in nanomaterial-modified lightweight concrete
  170. In-depth analysis of critical factors affecting Iraqi construction projects performance
  171. Behavior of container berth structure under the influence of environmental and operational loads
  172. Energy absorption and impact response of ballistic resistance laminate
  173. Effect of water-absorbent polymer balls in internal curing on punching shear behavior of bubble slabs
  174. Effect of surface roughness on interface shear strength parameters of sandy soils
  175. Evaluating the interaction for embedded H-steel section in normal concrete under monotonic and repeated loads
  176. Estimation of the settlement of pile head using ANN and multivariate linear regression based on the results of load transfer method
  177. Enhancing communication: Deep learning for Arabic sign language translation
  178. A review of recent studies of both heat pipe and evaporative cooling in passive heat recovery
  179. Effect of nano-silica on the mechanical properties of LWC
  180. An experimental study of some mechanical properties and absorption for polymer-modified cement mortar modified with superplasticizer
  181. Digital beamforming enhancement with LSTM-based deep learning for millimeter wave transmission
  182. Developing an efficient planning process for heritage buildings maintenance in Iraq
  183. Design and optimization of two-stage controller for three-phase multi-converter/multi-machine electric vehicle
  184. Evaluation of microstructure and mechanical properties of Al1050/Al2O3/Gr composite processed by forming operation ECAP
  185. Calculations of mass stopping power and range of protons in organic compounds (CH3OH, CH2O, and CO2) at energy range of 0.01–1,000 MeV
  186. Investigation of in vitro behavior of composite coating hydroxyapatite-nano silver on 316L stainless steel substrate by electrophoretic technic for biomedical tools
  187. A review: Enhancing tribological properties of journal bearings composite materials
  188. Improvements in the randomness and security of digital currency using the photon sponge hash function through Maiorana–McFarland S-box replacement
  189. Design a new scheme for image security using a deep learning technique of hierarchical parameters
  190. Special Issue: ICES 2023
  191. Comparative geotechnical analysis for ultimate bearing capacity of precast concrete piles using cone resistance measurements
  192. Visualizing sustainable rainwater harvesting: A case study of Karbala Province
  193. Geogrid reinforcement for improving bearing capacity and stability of square foundations
  194. Evaluation of the effluent concentrations of Karbala wastewater treatment plant using reliability analysis
  195. Adsorbent made with inexpensive, local resources
  196. Effect of drain pipes on seepage and slope stability through a zoned earth dam
  197. Sediment accumulation in an 8 inch sewer pipe for a sample of various particles obtained from the streets of Karbala city, Iraq
  198. Special Issue: IETAS 2024 - Part I
  199. Analyzing the impact of transfer learning on explanation accuracy in deep learning-based ECG recognition systems
  200. Effect of scale factor on the dynamic response of frame foundations
  201. Improving multi-object detection and tracking with deep learning, DeepSORT, and frame cancellation techniques
  202. The impact of using prestressed CFRP bars on the development of flexural strength
  203. Assessment of surface hardness and impact strength of denture base resins reinforced with silver–titanium dioxide and silver–zirconium dioxide nanoparticles: In vitro study
  204. A data augmentation approach to enhance breast cancer detection using generative adversarial and artificial neural networks
  205. Modification of the 5D Lorenz chaotic map with fuzzy numbers for video encryption in cloud computing
  206. Special Issue: 51st KKBN - Part I
  207. Evaluation of static bending caused damage of glass-fiber composite structure using terahertz inspection
Jetzt anmelden und 20% sparen
Institutioneller Zugang
Wie funktioniert Authentifizierung?
Haben Sie eine Idee, wie wir unsere Website verbessern können?
Bitte schreiben Sie uns.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Heruntergeladen am 4.11.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/eng-2022-0574/html
Button zum nach oben scrollen