Startseite Medizin Strategies for hyperkalemia management in dialysis patients: A systematic review
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Strategies for hyperkalemia management in dialysis patients: A systematic review

  • Anneliese Zevallos-Aquije , Axel Zevallos-Aquije EMAIL logo , Rosa Alejandra Salas-Bolaños , Alvaro Maravi-Cardenas und Karen Palomino-Salcedo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 30. Oktober 2025

Abstract

Background

Hyperkalemia is a potentially life-threatening electrolyte disorder, especially in patients with chronic kidney disease and those undergoing dialysis. Its management is complex due to the need to balance potassium control with overall patient stability.

Objectives

The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate current therapeutic strategies for hyperkalemia in dialysis patients, including diuretics, ion-exchange resins, and newer agents such as sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC).

Methods

A systematic search was conducted in Scopus and Web of Science, applying filters for language, recency (≤5 years), and journal quality. After removing duplicates and irrelevant records, 11 high-quality studies were included.

Results

New therapies like SZC and patiromer demonstrated efficacy in maintaining safe potassium levels. The potassium binding pack showed promise in acute and resource-limited settings. Evidence challenges strict dietary potassium restrictions, especially regarding plant-based foods, and highlights the importance of individualized nutritional plans. Continuous potassium monitoring is essential to preserve residual kidney function.

Conclusion

Hyperkalemia management in dialysis patients benefits from an integrated approach combining pharmacologic treatment, tailored nutrition, and close monitoring. Novel interventions and evolving dietary guidelines may improve safety, effectiveness, and quality of life in this vulnerable population.

1 Introduction

The management of hyperkalemia, characterized by elevated potassium levels in the blood, is a significant clinical challenge, particularly in the treatment of patients with renal or cardiac diseases. Diuretics, especially loop diuretics and thiazide diuretics, play a crucial role in reducing potassium levels by increasing their renal excretion. However, their use must be carefully evaluated due to associated risks and the variability in patient response. Loop diuretics inhibit sodium and chloride reabsorption in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle, resulting in an increased excretion of potassium and other electrolytes [1]. However, their effectiveness may be compromised in patients with severe renal impairment (eGFR < 15 mL/min/1.73 m2) or those undergoing dialysis, where urine production is minimal [2]. Conversely, potassium-sparing diuretics, such as spironolactone, which act in the collecting duct to prevent potassium excretion, can exacerbate hyperkalemia rather than treat it, highlighting the need for an individualized treatment approach [3]. In the context of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiac disease, diuretics may activate neurohormonal systems that affect glomerular hemodynamics, limiting their long-term efficacy [4]. This suggests that although diuretics are valuable tools in hyperkalemia management, their use should be part of a broader approach that includes evaluating therapy with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors and considering potassium-binding agents [5]. Therefore, while diuretics are fundamental in managing hyperkalemia, their use must be closely monitored and tailored to the individual needs of each patient. Preventing hyperkalemia episodes in dialysis patients is crucial, as this condition can lead to life-threatening complications. There are several highly effective strategies available, one of the most important being nutritional education, which enables patients to understand the necessity of avoiding excessive dietary potassium. Customizing dietary plans to account for individual preferences and needs has been shown to effectively reduce potassium levels [6,7]. In addition to dietary modifications, the use of ion-exchange resins is another effective strategy. These agents, which increase potassium elimination through the gastrointestinal tract, have been approved for the treatment of hyperkalemia since 1958 and remain a valid option in clinical practice [8]. Among other approved drugs for the treatment of hyperkalemia with a similar mechanism of action are patiromer and sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC), both of which have demonstrated favorable outcomes in patients with CKD [9]. Furthermore, effective blood pressure management through antihypertensive medications and lifestyle changes can help prevent hyperkalemia episodes.

It is essential to review current hyperkalemia management strategies in dialysis patients, given its high prevalence and significant clinical implications. Both acute and chronic hyperkalemia can lead to severe complications, including cardiac arrhythmias and, in extreme cases, sudden death [10,11]. In dialysis patients, potassium regulation is critical, as these individuals have a reduced capacity to excrete potassium due to renal failure. Therefore, it is essential to implement effective strategies for its management and prevention [12]. Reviewing current strategies can help identify gaps in management and develop more effective interventions to improve the quality of life for dialysis patients [13,14].

2 Method

A systematic review was conducted to analyze current strategies that have proven effective in managing hyperkalemia, with the aim of identifying the most optimal interventions. Data collection utilized two main databases, Scopus and Web of Science, chosen for their rigorous indexing of academic publications and their inclusion of high-impact journals, which makes these databases prestigious sources. The following search commands were applied in both cases: in Scopus, (“potassium” OR “diuretics”) AND “dialysis” AND “hyperkalemia,” resulting in 1,418 publications; and in Web of Science, (“potassium” OR “diuretics”) AND “dialysis” AND “hyperkalemia,” yielding a total of 341 publications.

The review initially began with a total of 1,759 publications. During the screening process, strict exclusion criteria were applied to ensure the relevance and quality of the final content. First, 256 duplicate publications were removed. Next a language filter was applied, retaining only publications in English, which resulted in the exclusion of an additional 121 documents. Subsequently, 916 publications that were more than 5 years old were excluded, as the nature of this review required updated scientific findings; hence, the 5-year filter was applied. Finally, the document type was restricted to academic articles, leading to the removal of 219 publications.

As a result of these filters, 247 publications remained and were subjected to a detailed analysis of their abstracts, keywords, topics, and research areas. This process led to the exclusion of 235 additional publications. Ultimately, 12 publications were deemed relevant in terms of thematic focus, relevance, and objective results. From this group, applying a strict criterion based on the journal’s quality and its position in the highest quartile of the Scimago Journal Rank (SJR), 11 publications were selected to form the final corpus for this review.

Figure 1 illustrates the flow diagram summarizing the study selection process [15]. From an initial search of 1,759 publications, exclusion filters were applied, reducing the number of studies to the 9 ultimately selected for this review. The diagram provides a clear visual representation of the systematic approach followed to ensure the quality and relevance of the included articles.

Figure 1 
               PRISMA flow diagram – study inclusion.
Figure 1

PRISMA flow diagram – study inclusion.

This systematic review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines for reporting. Two independent reviewers screened the titles and abstracts, evaluated the full texts of eligible studies, and resolved any discrepancies through discussion. No automation tools were used during the selection process. Data were manually extracted into a structured Excel sheet, and articles were selected based on thematic relevance, study quality, and clinical applicability.

Table 1 summarizes 11 key studies on hyperkalemia, organized by authors, titles, sources, year, main disturbances, and performance. It includes relevant clinical cases, innovative treatments, and experimental studies, highlighting their clinical impact and quality based on the SJR.

Table 1

Summary of key studies on hyperkalemia management in dialysis patients

Authors Titles Source/Scimago Best Quartile Year Disturbance Performance
Furusawa et al. [16] A Case of TLS During Palliative Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer Metastases Case Reports in Oncology/Q3 2023 TLS, a condition characterized by rapid tumor cell breakdown following cancer treatment. This leads to elevated levels of uric acid (hyperuricemia), potassium (hyperkalemia), and phosphorus (hyperphosphatemia), as well as decreased levels of calcium (hypocalcemia). These imbalances are critical and require prompt recognition and management to stabilize the patient’s condition. TLS is a severe complication that can arise after cancer treatment, characterized by rapid tumor cell breakdown leading to elevated uric acid, potassium, and phosphorus levels, and decreased calcium. A case of a 65-year-old woman with advanced breast cancer is presented, who developed respiratory distress, tachycardia, and hypotension 11 h after palliative radiotherapy for cervical lymph node metastasis. Blood tests confirmed TLS with hyperuricemia and hyperkalemia. Prompt treatment with dialysis and electrolyte correction stabilized her condition. This case highlights the need for quick recognition and management of TLS in patients after radiation therapy
Song et al. [17] A Case Report of Very Severe Hyperphosphatemia (19.3 mg/dL) in a Uremic Patient Taking Honey and Persimmon Vinegar Electrolyte and Blood Pressure/Q3 2021 Hyperphosphatemia (elevated serum phosphate levels at 19.3 mg/dL) and hypocalcemia (low calcium levels). These imbalances were corrected through emergent HD, which led to significant improvement in the patient’s condition. A 55-year-old male with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and advanced CKD presented with weakness and altered mental status after refusing HD and self-medicating with honey and persimmon vinegar. Severe lab findings included blood urea nitrogen at 183.4 mg/dL and serum phosphate at 19.3 mg/dL, alongside a spontaneous subdural hemorrhage on CT. Emergent HD corrected his hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia, leading to significant improvement. This case emphasizes the importance of dietary restrictions and patient education for better adherence in CKD management.
Zimmerman et al. [18] A Novel Peritoneal Packing Method for Management of Hyperkalemia During Acute Kidney Injury in Trauma Military Medicine/Q3 2024 Hyperkalemia (high potassium), the study focuses on the use of the PBP to manage severe hyperkalemia, showing that the PBP group had significantly lower serum potassium levels compared to the control group, indicating its effectiveness in reducing hyperkalemia. This study examines the PBP, a novel peritoneal packing material for managing severe hyperkalemia in resource-limited military settings. Male swine underwent nephrectomy and were divided into two groups: one receiving PBP and a control group with sham packs. After inducing hyperkalemia, potassium levels were measured over 12 h. Results indicated that the PBP group had significantly lower serum potassium levels compared to controls at 540 and 720 min (P = 0.006 and P = 0.015) and consistently lower dialysate potassium levels throughout the experiment (P < 0.001). These findings suggest that PBP effectively reduces hyperkalemia in trauma situations, highlighting its potential clinical application, though further validation is needed.
Fishbane et al. [19]. A phase 3B, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of SZC for reducing the incidence of predialysis hyperkalemia Journal of the American Society of Nephrology/Q1 2019 Hyperkalemia, the study investigates the use of SZC in managing predialysis hyperkalemia in HD patients. The results showed that SZC effectively maintained potassium levels within the normal range in a higher percentage of patients compared to the placebo group. The DIALIZE study (NCT03303521) tested SZC for predialysis hyperkalemia in HD patients. In this trial, 196 adults received either SZC (5–15 g daily) or placebo on non-dialysis days for 4 weeks. Results showed that 41.2% of SZC patients maintained potassium levels of 4.0–5.0 mmol/L, compared to 1.0% on placebo (P < 0.001). Additionally, rescue therapy for hyperkalemia was needed in 2.1% of SZC patients vs 5.1% in the placebo group. Serious adverse events were similar between groups. The study concluded that SZC is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for predialysis hyperkalemia in patients undergoing HD.
Kaarup et al. [20]. A question to the physician from a patient on HD: Would it be safe to run a marathon? A case report HD International/Q3 2023 Severe hyperkalemia, which was not observed in the blood analyses before and after the endurance runs. The study suggests that endurance exercise, such as running, does not increase the risk of severe hyperkalemia in HD patients. In a clinical study investigating the safety of endurance running for HD patients, an anuric patient completed eight runs, with a maximum distance of 32.2 km. Blood analyses conducted before and after these runs showed no instances of severe hyperkalemia. The findings suggest that there is no increased risk associated with endurance exercise, indicating that running may be safe for patients on maintenance HD
Cañas et al. [21]. A randomized study to compare oral potassium binders in the treatment of acute hyperkalemia BMC Nephrology/Q2 2023 Hyperkalemia, the study focuses on the treatment of acute hyperkalemia in patients with potassium levels ≥ 5.5 mEq/L using various oral potassium binders. The KBindER trial examines oral potassium binders for acute hyperkalemia in patients with potassium levels ≥ 5.5 mEq/L. Participants are randomized into four groups: sodium polystyrene sulfonate, patiromer, SZC, or a laxative. Primary endpoints include changes in potassium levels at 2 and 4 h, with additional analyses on hospital stay, next-morning potassium levels, and side effects. The study aims to enroll 80 patients to guide clinical use of oral potassium binders.
Takia et al. [22]. Acute Diarrhea and Severe Dehydration in Children: Does Non-anion Gap Component of Severe Metabolic Acidemia Need More Attention? Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine/Q2 2022 Hyperchloremia (elevated chloride levels) and hypernatremia (elevated sodium levels). Additionally, the study mentions acute kidney injury (AKI, a complication related to electrolyte imbalances and metabolic acidemia. This study on children with acute diarrhea and severe non-anion-gap metabolic acidemia (sNAGMA) found that among 121 patients (median age 4 months), the median pH was 7.11, with 21% having pH < 7.00. Common complications included hyperchloremia (96%), hypernatremia (45%), and acute kidney injury (58%). The median time to resolve acidemia was 24 h, and adverse outcomes occurred in 32 patients. Higher grades of sNAGMA were linked to shock, AKI, and longer recovery times. The findings suggest a need for further trials on bicarbonate therapy in this population.
Yamaguchi et al. [23]. Association between annual variability of potassium levels and prognosis in patients undergoing HD Clinical and Experimental Nephrology/Q2 2023 Hyperkalemia and hypokalemia. The study investigates the association between potassium level fluctuations and mortality in patients undergoing HD. It highlights that variability in serum potassium levels, rather than just the mean potassium level, is associated with prognosis and mortality in these patients. The study demonstrated that variability in serum potassium levels is associated with mortality among HD patients, regardless of their average potassium levels. Among the 302 patients analyzed, 135 died during the 5-year observation period, and those with higher potassium variability had a significantly increased risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio: 6.93, 95% CI 1.98–25.00, P = 0.001). Patients in the highest tertile of variability (T3) had nearly twice the relative risk compared to those in the lowest tertile (T1). These findings highlight the importance of carefully monitoring potassium level fluctuations in this population to improve outcomes.
Arif et al. [24]. Association of serum potassium with decline in RKF in incident HD patients Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation/Q1 2022 Hyperkalemia, the study discusses the relationship between serum potassium levels and the decline in RKF among HD patients, showing that higher potassium levels are associated with a greater decline in RKF. The study found that hyperkalemia is associated with a decline in RKF among patients starting HD. Analyzing 6,655 patients, higher serum potassium levels correlated with greater reductions in renal urea clearance (KRU), with the steepest decline (−0.20, 95% CI −0.50 to −0.06) observed in patients with potassium levels > 5.0 mEq/L. Mediation analysis revealed that changes in KRU accounted for 1.78% of the relationship between serum potassium and mortality. These results highlight the impact of hyperkalemia on RKF and underscore the need for targeted management in advanced CKD, pending further clinical trial validation.
Babich et al. [25]. Taking the Kale out of Hyperkalemia: Plant Foods and Serum Potassium in Patients With Kidney Disease Journal of renal nutrition/Q2 2022 Hyperkalemia in patients with CKD, challenging traditional dietary restrictions on potassium from plant-based foods. Recent studies suggest that dietary potassium does not always correlate with serum potassium levels due to factors like fiber, the alkalinizing effects of fruits and vegetables, and the bioavailability of potassium from plants. Additionally, plant-based foods provide benefits for kidney health, prompting recommendations to encourage their consumption rather than restrict them. The topic relates to potassium, CKD, and potential dialysis and hyperkalemia. Recent studies challenge the traditional restriction of potassium in diets for kidney disease, particularly in patients with CKD. Evidence shows that dietary potassium, especially from plant-based foods, does not directly correlate with serum potassium levels due to factors such as the alkalinizing effects of fruits and vegetables, the bioavailability of plant potassium, and the impact of fiber on colonic potassium absorption. Additionally, plant-based foods may provide additional health benefits for CKD patients. Therefore, modern dietary guidelines should avoid unnecessary potassium restrictions from plant sources, encouraging patient-centered kidney-friendly recipes.
Vaz de Melo Ribeiro et al. [26]. Effect of a Nutritional Intervention, Based on Transtheoretical Model, on Metabolic Markers and Food Consumption of Individuals Undergoing HD Journal of renal nutrition/Q2 2020 Notably, it reduced hyperkalemia and hyperphosphatemia, while increasing markers of iron metabolism and protein levels. This study highlights that a nutritional intervention based on the transtheoretical model significantly improved metabolic markers and dietary intake in individuals undergoing HD. Improvements were linked to better-calibrated caloric, macronutrient, and micronutrient intake, along with the use of phosphorus binders, demonstrating the essential role of nutrition in managing metabolic disturbances in HD patients. The study found that the nutritional intervention based on the transtheoretical model led to significant behavioral changes in individuals undergoing HD, moving from the contemplation stage to the action stage (P < 0.001). There was a notable reduction in serum creatinine and pre- and post-dialysis urea levels (P < 0.001), as well as a significant decrease in hyperphosphatemia and hyperkalemia, along with improvements in bone metabolism markers (P < 0.001). Additionally, iron metabolism markers, protein, and globulin levels showed significant increases (P < 0.001 for iron, P = 0.042 for protein, and P < 0.001 for globulin). Dietary intake also improved significantly after the intervention, with increased caloric intake, cholesterol, protein, lipids, and micronutrients such as iron, phosphorus, potassium, copper, and vitamin C (P < 0.001). Overall, the intervention demonstrated the crucial role of nutrition in improving metabolic control among this patient group.

Note. This table summarizes and synthesizes data from selected peer-reviewed articles. Its purpose is to support the present literature review and contribute to the academic discussion while properly crediting the original authors.

3 Discussion

Through various studies and clinical cases, it has been demonstrated how electrolyte imbalances, such as altered potassium levels, can lead to severe complications, including cardiac arrhythmias, muscle dysfunction, and even death in extreme cases. This condition is particularly relevant in patients with kidney diseases, such as those undergoing hemodialysis (HD), as impaired renal function limits the body’s ability to properly excrete potassium. Several studies have explored electrolyte disorders and their clinical implications in different contexts.

One reported case describes tumor lysis syndrome (TLS), a severe complication characterized by rapid cellular destruction following oncological treatment. This syndrome was observed in a patient with advanced breast cancer who, after receiving palliative radiotherapy, developed metabolic disturbances such as hyperuricemia and hyperkalemia. These required urgent management with dialysis and electrolyte correction, stabilizing her condition [16]. Another case describes severe hyperphosphatemia in a man with advanced CKD, who experienced serious metabolic complications and subdural hemorrhage after self-medicating. Emergency HD successfully corrected the electrolyte imbalances, significantly improving his clinical status [17].

Experimental studies have also evaluated a novel material, referred to as the potassium binding pack (PBP), for managing hyperkalemia in traumatic contexts. The results showed a significant reduction in potassium levels, underscoring its potential clinical application in resource-limited settings, although further validation is required [18].

In the context of pre-dialysis hyperkalemia, one investigation tested the efficacy of SZC in HD patients. The study demonstrated that this compound effectively maintained potassium levels within normal ranges in a significant proportion of cases, with adverse events comparable to placebo [19]. Additionally, an analysis on the safety of physical exercise in HD patients concluded that resistance activities, such as marathon running, do not increase the risk of severe hyperkalemia under controlled conditions [20].

Another trial focused on comparing various oral potassium binders for the treatment of acute hyperkalemia, assessing their efficacy in reducing potassium levels within a few hours [21]. In children with severe acute diarrhea, complications such as hyperchloremia, hypernatremia, and acute kidney injury associated with severe metabolic acidosis were identified. This study highlights the importance of investigating new therapeutic strategies, such as bicarbonate supplementation [22].

Additional research explores the relationship between potassium variability and mortality in HD patients, as well as the impact of hyperkalemia on the loss of residual kidney function (RKF) in this group, emphasizing the importance of rigorous and individualized monitoring to improve clinical outcomes [23,24].

A comparative synthesis of the reviewed studies indicates that SZC offers consistent control of serum potassium with a favorable safety profile, often outperforming older agents like sodium polystyrene sulfonate in both efficacy and tolerability [19,21]. In contrast, ion-exchange resins, although widely used, present limitations in terms of delayed onset and gastrointestinal side effects. The PBP, evaluated in preclinical models, demonstrated rapid potassium reduction under extreme conditions, underscoring its potential utility in trauma or resource-limited environments [18]. These comparisons highlight the evolution of treatment strategies toward more personalized and effective hyperkalemia management.

Recent studies on CKD question the traditional dietary potassium restriction in these patients, particularly regarding plant-based foods. These foods may provide additional renal health benefits, suggesting they should be promoted rather than restricted, especially in the context of hyperkalemia and dialysis [25].

In addition, a nutritional intervention based on the transtheoretical model showed significant improvements in patients undergoing HD. It also enhanced the absorption of essential micronutrients such as potassium, phosphorus, and vitamin C. These findings underscore the importance of tailored nutritional approaches to manage metabolic disturbances in patients with renal failure [26].

However, dietary recommendations must be applied cautiously, particularly in patients with limited dialysis clearance or severe hyperkalemia. Although plant-based foods offer cardiovascular and metabolic advantages, their potassium content and absorption vary depending on preparation, fiber content, and individual tolerance [25]. In these cases, unrestricted intake may still increase the risk of potassium overload. Therefore, nutritional plans should be personalized and ideally guided by a renal dietitian to ensure both safety and adequacy.

4 Conclusion

Hyperkalemia is a severe electrolyte disturbance, particularly prevalent in patients with renal insufficiency and in complex clinical contexts such as TLS or the management of chronic diseases. Its association with higher mortality rates and renal function deterioration underscores the need for effective management strategies. Dialysis remains essential for correcting severe cases, while potassium binders, such as SZC, have proven effective for preventive control in HD patients.

Moreover, innovations like the PBP present promising alternatives in resource-limited settings, and continuous monitoring of potassium fluctuations is crucial due to their impact on prognosis. Recent research challenges the traditional dietary potassium restriction in CKD patients, especially when derived from plant-based foods. This is because such sources do not directly correlate with serum potassium levels due to factors such as fiber content and the bioavailability of plant-based potassium.

An integrated approach that combines acute therapies with preventive interventions and patient education is essential to stabilize affected individuals, prevent complications, and improve long-term clinical outcomes.

  1. Funding information: This research received no external funding.

  2. Author contributions: Anneliese Zevallos-Aquije conceptualized the study and supervised the overall project. Axel Zevallos-Aquije conducted the literature search and organized the data. Rosa Alejandra Salas-Bolaños contributed to the data analysis and interpretation of findings. Alvaro Maravi-Cardenas prepared the initial manuscript draft. Karen Palomino-Salcedo reviewed and edited the manuscript for intellectual content. All authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

  3. Conflict of interest: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Data availability statement: The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Received: 2025-02-10
Revised: 2025-08-11
Accepted: 2025-09-08
Published Online: 2025-10-30

© 2025 the author(s), published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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  5. Risk factors for severe adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients
  6. Analysis of the effect of ALA-PDT on macrophages in footpad model of mice infected with Fonsecaea monophora based on single-cell sequencing
  7. Development and validation of headspace gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector method for the determination of ethanol in the vitreous humor
  8. CMSP exerts anti-tumor effects on small cell lung cancer cells by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis
  9. Predictive value of plasma sB7-H3 and YKL-40 in pediatric refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia
  10. Antiangiogenic potential of Elaeagnus umbellata extracts and molecular docking study by targeting VEGFR-2 pathway
  11. Comparison of the effectiveness of nurse-led preoperative counseling and postoperative follow-up care vs standard care for patients with gastric cancer
  12. Comparing the therapeutic efficacy of endoscopic minimally invasive surgery and traditional surgery for early-stage breast cancer: A meta-analysis
  13. Adhered macrophages as an additional marker of cardiomyocyte injury in biopsies of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
  14. Association between statin administration and outcome in patients with sepsis: A retrospective study
  15. Exploration of the association between estimated glucose disposal rate and osteoarthritis in middle-aged and older adults: An analysis of NHANES data from 2011 to 2018
  16. A comparative analysis of the binary and multiclass classified chest X-ray images of pneumonia and COVID-19 with ML and DL models
  17. Lysophosphatidic acid 2 alleviates deep vein thrombosis via protective endothelial barrier function
  18. Transcription factor A, mitochondrial promotes lymph node metastasis and lymphangiogenesis in epithelial ovarian carcinoma
  19. Serum PM20D1 levels are associated with nutritional status and inflammatory factors in gastric cancer patients undergoing early enteral nutrition
  20. Hydromorphone reduced the incidence of emergence agitation after adenotonsillectomy in children with obstructive sleep apnea: A randomized, double-blind study
  21. Vitamin D replacement therapy may regulate sleep habits in patients with restless leg syndrome
  22. The first-line antihypertensive nitrendipine potentiated the therapeutic effect of oxaliplatin by downregulating CACNA1D in colorectal cancer
  23. Health literacy and health-related quality of life: The mediating role of irrational happiness
  24. Modulatory effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on bone cell dynamics in osteoporosis
  25. Mechanism research on inhibition of gastric cancer in vitro by the extract of Pinellia ternata based on network pharmacology and cellular metabolomics
  26. Examination of the causal role of immune cells in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
  27. Clinical analysis of ten cases of HIV infection combined with acute leukemia
  28. Investigating the cardioprotective potential of quercetin against tacrolimus-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats: A mechanistic insights
  29. Clinical observation of probiotics combined with mesalazine and Yiyi Baitouweng Decoction retention enema in treating mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis
  30. Diagnostic value of ratio of blood inflammation to coagulation markers in periprosthetic joint infection
  31. Sex-specific associations of sex hormone binding globulin and risk of bladder cancer
  32. Core muscle strength and stability-oriented breathing training reduces inter-recti distance in postpartum women
  33. The ERAS nursing care strategy for patients undergoing transsphenoidal endoscopic pituitary tumor resection: A randomized blinded controlled trial
  34. The serum IL-17A levels in patients with traumatic bowel rupture post-surgery and its predictive value for patient prognosis
  35. Impact of Kolb’s experiential learning theory-based nursing on caregiver burden and psychological state of caregivers of dementia patients
  36. Analysis of serum NLR combined with intraoperative margin condition to predict the prognosis of cervical HSIL patients undergoing LEEP surgery
  37. Commiphora gileadensis ameliorate infertility and erectile dysfunction in diabetic male mice
  38. The correlation between epithelial–mesenchymal transition classification and MMP2 expression of circulating tumor cells and prognosis of advanced or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma
  39. Tetrahydropalmatine improves mitochondrial function in vascular smooth muscle cells of atherosclerosis in vitro by inhibiting Ras homolog gene family A/Rho-associated protein kinase-1 signaling pathway
  40. A cross-sectional study: Relationship between serum oxidative stress levels and arteriovenous fistula maturation in maintenance dialysis patients
  41. A comparative analysis of the impact of repeated administration of flavan 3-ol on brown, subcutaneous, and visceral adipose tissue
  42. Identifying early screening factors for depression in middle-aged and older adults: A cohort study
  43. Perform tumor-specific survival analysis for Merkel cell carcinoma patients undergoing surgical resection based on the SEER database by constructing a nomogram chart
  44. Unveiling the role of CXCL10 in pancreatic cancer progression: A novel prognostic indicator
  45. High-dose preoperative intraperitoneal erythropoietin and intravenous methylprednisolone in acute traumatic spinal cord injuries following decompression surgeries
  46. RAB39B: A novel biomarker for acute myeloid leukemia identified via multi-omics and functional validation
  47. Impact of peripheral conditioning on reperfusion injury following primary percutaneous coronary intervention in diabetic and non-diabetic STEMI patients
  48. Clinical efficacy of azacitidine in the treatment of middle- and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly patients: A retrospective study
  49. The effect of ambulatory blood pressure load on mitral regurgitation in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients
  50. Expression and clinical significance of ITGA3 in breast cancer
  51. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals ARHGAP28 expression of podocytes as a biomarker in human diabetic nephropathy
  52. rSIG combined with NLR in the prognostic assessment of patients with multiple injuries
  53. Toxic metals and metalloids in collagen supplements of fish and jellyfish origin: Risk assessment for daily intake
  54. Exploring causal relationship between 41 inflammatory cytokines and marginal zone lymphoma: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
  55. Gender beliefs and legitimization of dating violence in adolescents
  56. Effect of serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 levels on the efficacy of modified preperitoneal Kugel repair in patients with inguinal hernia
  57. Effect of smoking and smoking cessation on hematological parameters in polycythemic patients
  58. Pathogen surveillance and risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with lung cancer: A retrospective single-center study
  59. Necroptosis of hippocampal neurons in paclitaxel chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment mediates microglial activation via TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway
  60. Celastrol suppresses neovascularization in rat aortic vascular endothelial cells stimulated by inflammatory tenocytes via modulating the NLRP3 pathway
  61. Cord-lamina angle and foraminal diameter as key predictors of C5 palsy after anterior cervical decompression and fusion surgery
  62. GATA1: A key biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
  63. Influencing factors of false lumen thrombosis in type B aortic dissection: A single-center retrospective study
  64. MZB1 regulates the immune microenvironment and inhibits ovarian cancer cell migration
  65. Integrating experimental and network pharmacology to explore the pharmacological mechanisms of Dioscin against glioblastoma
  66. Trends in research on preterm birth in twin pregnancy based on bibliometrics
  67. Four-week IgE/baseline IgE ratio combined with tryptase predicts clinical outcome in omalizumab-treated children with moderate-to-severe asthma
  68. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis identifies a stress response Schwann cell subtype
  69. Acute pancreatitis risk in the diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease: A critical focus
  70. Effect of subclinical esketamine on NLRP3 and cognitive dysfunction in elderly ischemic stroke patients
  71. Interleukin-37 mediates the anti-oral tumor activity in oral cancer through STAT3
  72. CA199 and CEA expression levels, and minimally invasive postoperative prognosis analysis in esophageal squamous carcinoma patients
  73. Efficacy of a novel drainage catheter in the treatment of CSF leak after posterior spine surgery: A retrospective cohort study
  74. Comprehensive biomedicine assessment of Apteranthes tuberculata extracts: Phytochemical analysis and multifaceted pharmacological evaluation in animal models
  75. Relation of time in range to severity of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study
  76. Dopamine attenuates ethanol-induced neuronal apoptosis by stimulating electrical activity in the developing rat retina
  77. Correlation between albumin levels during the third trimester and the risk of postpartum levator ani muscle rupture
  78. Factors associated with maternal attention and distraction during breastfeeding and childcare: A cross-sectional study in the west of Iran
  79. Mechanisms of hesperetin in treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatosis liver disease via network pharmacology and in vitro experiments
  80. The law on oncological oblivion in the Italian and European context: How to best uphold the cancer patients’ rights to privacy and self-determination?
  81. The prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and prognostic nutritional index for survival in patients with colorectal cancer
  82. Factors affecting the measurements of peripheral oxygen saturation values in healthy young adults
  83. Comparison and correlations between findings of hysteroscopy and vaginal color Doppler ultrasonography for detection of uterine abnormalities in patients with recurrent implantation failure
  84. The effects of different types of RAGT on balance function in stroke patients with low levels of independent walking in a convalescent rehabilitation hospital
  85. Causal relationship between asthma and ankylosing spondylitis: A bidirectional two-sample univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study
  86. Correlations of health literacy with individuals’ understanding and use of medications in Southern Taiwan
  87. Correlation of serum calprotectin with outcome of acute cerebral infarction
  88. Comparison of computed tomography and guided bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  89. Curdione protects vascular endothelial cells and atherosclerosis via the regulation of DNMT1-mediated ERBB4 promoter methylation
  90. The identification of novel missense variant in ChAT gene in a patient with gestational diabetes denotes plausible genetic association
  91. Molecular genotyping of multi-system rare blood types in foreign blood donors based on DNA sequencing and its clinical significance
  92. Exploring the role of succinyl carnitine in the association between CD39⁺ CD4⁺ T cell and ulcerative colitis: A Mendelian randomization study
  93. Dexmedetomidine suppresses microglial activation in postoperative cognitive dysfunction via the mmu-miRNA-125/TRAF6 signaling axis
  94. Analysis of serum metabolomics in patients with different types of chronic heart failure
  95. Diagnostic value of hematological parameters in the early diagnosis of acute cholecystitis
  96. Pachymaran alleviates fat accumulation, hepatocyte degeneration, and injury in mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
  97. Decrease in CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes are predictors of severe clinical picture and unfavorable outcome of the disease in patients with COVID-19
  98. METTL3 blocked the progression of diabetic retinopathy through m6A-modified SOX2
  99. The predictive significance of anti-RO-52 antibody in patients with interstitial pneumonia after treatment of malignant tumors
  100. Exploring cerebrospinal fluid metabolites, cognitive function, and brain atrophy: Insights from Mendelian randomization
  101. Development and validation of potential molecular subtypes and signatures of ocular sarcoidosis based on autophagy-related gene analysis
  102. Widespread venous thrombosis: Unveiling a complex case of Behçet’s disease with a literature perspective
  103. Uterine fibroid embolization: An analysis of clinical outcomes and impact on patients’ quality of life
  104. Discovery of lipid metabolism-related diagnostic biomarkers and construction of diagnostic model in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head
  105. Serum-derived exomiR-188-3p is a promising novel biomarker for early-stage ovarian cancer
  106. Enhancing chronic back pain management: A comparative study of ultrasound–MRI fusion guidance for paravertebral nerve block
  107. Peptide CCAT1-70aa promotes hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation and invasion via the MAPK/ERK pathway
  108. Electroacupuncture-induced reduction of myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury via FTO-dependent m6A methylation modulation
  109. Hemorrhoids and cardiovascular disease: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
  110. Cell-free adipose extract inhibits hypertrophic scar formation through collagen remodeling and antiangiogenesis
  111. HALP score in Demodex blepharitis: A case–control study
  112. Assessment of SOX2 performance as a marker for circulating cancer stem-like cells (CCSCs) identification in advanced breast cancer patients using CytoTrack system
  113. Risk and prognosis for brain metastasis in primary metastatic cervical cancer patients: A population-based study
  114. Comparison of the two intestinal anastomosis methods in pediatric patients
  115. Factors influencing hematological toxicity and adverse effects of perioperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal vs intraperitoneal chemotherapy in gastrointestinal cancer
  116. Endotoxin tolerance inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages of septic mice by restoring autophagic flux through TRIM26
  117. Lateral transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy: A single-centre experience of 21 procedures
  118. Petunidin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced retinal microglia inflammatory response in diabetic retinopathy by targeting OGT/NF-κB/LCN2 axis
  119. Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as biomarkers for diagnosing and assessing the severity of acute cholecystitis
  120. Factors determining the number of sessions in successful extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy patients
  121. Development of a nomogram for predicting cancer-specific survival in patients with renal pelvic cancer following surgery
  122. Inhibition of ATG7 promotes orthodontic tooth movement by regulating the RANKL/OPG ratio under compression force
  123. A machine learning-based prognostic model integrating mRNA stemness index, hypoxia, and glycolysis‑related biomarkers for colorectal cancer
  124. Glutathione attenuates sepsis-associated encephalopathy via dual modulation of NF-κB and PKA/CREB pathways
  125. FAHD1 prevents neuronal ferroptosis by modulating R-loop and the cGAS–STING pathway
  126. Association of placenta weight and morphology with term low birth weight: A case–control study
  127. Investigation of the pathogenic variants induced Sjogren’s syndrome in Turkish population
  128. Nucleotide metabolic abnormalities in post-COVID-19 condition and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and their association with endocrine dysfunction
  129. TGF-β–Smad2/3 signaling in high-altitude pulmonary hypertension in rats: Role and mechanisms via macrophage M2 polarization
  130. Ultrasound-guided unilateral versus bilateral erector spinae plane block for postoperative analgesia of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy
  131. Profiling gut microbiome dynamics in subacute thyroiditis: Implications for pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment
  132. Delta neutrophil index, CRP/albumin ratio, procalcitonin, immature granulocytes, and HALP score in acute appendicitis: Best performing biomarker?
  133. Anticancer activity mechanism of novelly synthesized and characterized benzofuran ring-linked 3-nitrophenyl chalcone derivative on colon cancer cells
  134. H2valdien3 arrests the cell cycle and induces apoptosis of gastric cancer
  135. Prognostic relevance of PRSS2 and its immune correlates in papillary thyroid carcinoma
  136. Association of SGLT2 inhibition with psychiatric disorders: A Mendelian randomization study
  137. Motivational interviewing for alcohol use reduction in Thai patients
  138. Luteolin alleviates oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced neuron injury by regulating NLRP3/IL-1β signaling
  139. Polyphyllin II inhibits thyroid cancer cell growth by simultaneously inhibiting glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation
  140. Relationship between the expression of copper death promoting factor SLC31A1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma and clinicopathological indicators and prognosis
  141. CSF2 polarized neutrophils and invaded renal cancer cells in vitro influence
  142. Proton pump inhibitors-induced thrombocytopenia: A systematic literature analysis of case reports
  143. The current status and influence factors of research ability among community nurses: A sequential qualitative–quantitative study
  144. OKAIN: A comprehensive oncology knowledge base for the interpretation of clinically actionable alterations
  145. The relationship between serum CA50, CA242, and SAA levels and clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer
  146. Identification and external validation of a prognostic signature based on hypoxia–glycolysis-related genes for kidney renal clear cell carcinoma
  147. Engineered RBC-derived nanovesicles functionalized with tumor-targeting ligands: A comparative study on breast cancer targeting efficiency and biocompatibility
  148. Relationship of resting echocardiography combined with serum micronutrients to the severity of low-gradient severe aortic stenosis
  149. Effect of vibration on pain during subcutaneous heparin injection: A randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial
  150. The diagnostic performance of machine learning-based FFRCT for coronary artery disease: A meta-analysis
  151. Comparing biofeedback device vs diaphragmatic breathing for bloating relief: A randomized controlled trial
  152. Serum uric acid to albumin ratio and C-reactive protein as predictive biomarkers for chronic total occlusion and coronary collateral circulation quality
  153. Multiple organ scoring systems for predicting in-hospital mortality of sepsis patients in the intensive care unit
  154. Single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis of the inner ear in gentamicin-treated mice via intraperitoneal injection
  155. Suppression of cathepsin B attenuates myocardial injury via limiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis
  156. Influence of sevoflurane combined with propofol anesthesia on the anesthesia effect and adverse reactions in children with acute appendicitis
  157. Identification of hub genes related to acute kidney injury caused by sevoflurane anesthesia and endoplasmic reticulum stress
  158. Efficacy and safety of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
  159. The value of diagnostic experience in O-RADS MRI score for ovarian-adnexal lesions
  160. Health education pathway for individuals with temporary enterostomies using patient journey mapping
  161. Serum TLR8 as a potential diagnostic biomarker of coronary heart disease
  162. Intraoperative temperature management and its effect on surgical outcomes in elderly patients undergoing lichtenstein unilateral inguinal hernia repair
  163. Immunohistochemical profiling and neuroepithelial heterogeneity in immature ovarian teratomas: a retrospective digital pathology-based study
  164. Associated risk factors and prevalence of human papillomavirus infection among females visiting tertiary care hospital: a cross-sectional study from Nepal
  165. Comparative evaluation of various disc elution methods for the detection of colistin-resistant gram-negative bacteria
  166. Effect of timing of cholecystectomy on weight loss after sleeve gastrectomy in morbidly obese individuals with cholelithiasis: a retrospective cohort study
  167. Causal association between ceramide levels and central precocious puberty: a mendelian randomization study
  168. Novel predictive model for colorectal liver metastases recurrence: a radiomics and clinical data approach
  169. Relationship between resident physicians’ perceived professional value and exposure to violence
  170. Multiple sclerosis and type 1 diabetes: a Mendelian randomization study of European ancestry
  171. Rapid pathogen identification in peritoneal dialysis effluent by MALDI-TOF MS following blood culture enrichment
  172. Comparison of open and percutaneous A1 pulley release in pediatric trigger thumb: a retrospective cohort study
  173. Impact of combined diaphragm-lung ultrasound assessment on postoperative respiratory function in patients under general anesthesia recovery
  174. Development and internal validation of a nomogram for predicting short-term prognosis in ICU patients with acute pyelonephritis
  175. The association between hypoxic burden and blood pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
  176. Promotion of asthenozoospermia by C9orf72 through suppression of spermatogonia activity via fructose metabolism and mitophagy
  177. Review Articles
  178. The effects of enhanced external counter-pulsation on post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: A narrative review
  179. Diabetes-related cognitive impairment: Mechanisms, symptoms, and treatments
  180. Microscopic changes and gross morphology of placenta in women affected by gestational diabetes mellitus in dietary treatment: A systematic review
  181. Review of mechanisms and frontier applications in IL-17A-induced hypertension
  182. Research progress on the correlation between islet amyloid peptides and type 2 diabetes mellitus
  183. The safety and efficacy of BCG combined with mitomycin C compared with BCG monotherapy in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  184. The application of augmented reality in robotic general surgery: A mini-review
  185. The effect of Greek mountain tea extract and wheat germ extract on peripheral blood flow and eicosanoid metabolism in mammals
  186. Neurogasobiology of migraine: Carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and nitric oxide as emerging pathophysiological trinacrium relevant to nociception regulation
  187. Plant polyphenols, terpenes, and terpenoids in oral health
  188. Laboratory medicine between technological innovation, rights safeguarding, and patient safety: A bioethical perspective
  189. End-of-life in cancer patients: Medicolegal implications and ethical challenges in Europe
  190. The maternal factors during pregnancy for intrauterine growth retardation: An umbrella review
  191. Intra-abdominal hypertension/abdominal compartment syndrome of pediatric patients in critical care settings
  192. PI3K/Akt pathway and neuroinflammation in sepsis-associated encephalopathy
  193. Screening of Group B Streptococcus in pregnancy: A systematic review for the laboratory detection
  194. Giant borderline ovarian tumours – review of the literature
  195. Leveraging artificial intelligence for collaborative care planning: Innovations and impacts in shared decision-making – A systematic review
  196. Cholera epidemiology analysis through the experience of the 1973 Naples epidemic
  197. Risk factors of frailty/sarcopenia in community older adults: Meta-analysis
  198. Supplement strategies for infertility in overweight women: Evidence and legal insights
  199. Scurvy, a not obsolete disorder: Clinical report in eight young children and literature review
  200. A meta-analysis of the effects of DBS on cognitive function in patients with advanced PD
  201. Protective role of selenium in sepsis: Mechanisms and potential therapeutic strategies
  202. Strategies for hyperkalemia management in dialysis patients: A systematic review
  203. C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio in peripheral artery disease
  204. Research progress on autophagy and its roles in sepsis induced organ injury
  205. Neuronutrition in autism spectrum disorders
  206. Pumilio 2 in neural development, function, and specific neurological disorders
  207. Antibiotic prescribing patterns in general dental practice- a scoping review
  208. Clinical and medico-legal reflections on non-invasive prenatal testing
  209. Smartphone use and back pain: a narrative review of postural pathologies
  210. Targeting endothelial oxidative stress in hypertension
  211. Exploring links between acne and metabolic syndrome: a narrative review
  212. Case Reports
  213. Delayed graft function after renal transplantation
  214. Semaglutide treatment for type 2 diabetes in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia: A case report and review of the literature
  215. Diverse electrophysiological demyelinating features in a late-onset glycogen storage disease type IIIa case
  216. Giant right atrial hemangioma presenting with ascites: A case report
  217. Laser excision of a large granular cell tumor of the vocal cord with subglottic extension: A case report
  218. EsoFLIP-assisted dilation for dysphagia in systemic sclerosis: Highlighting the role of multimodal esophageal evaluation
  219. Molecular hydrogen-rhodiola as an adjuvant therapy for ischemic stroke in internal carotid artery occlusion: A case report
  220. Coronary artery anomalies: A case of the “malignant” left coronary artery and its surgical management
  221. Combined VAT and retroperitoneoscopy for pleural empyema due to nephro-pleuric fistula in xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis
  222. A rare case of Opalski syndrome with a suspected multiple sclerosis etiology
  223. Newly diagnosed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia demonstrating localized bone marrow infiltration exclusively in the lower extremities
  224. Rapid Communication
  225. Biological properties of valve materials using RGD and EC
  226. A single oral administration of flavanols enhances short-term memory in mice along with increased brain-derived neurotrophic factor
  227. Repeat influenza incidence across two consecutive influenza seasons
  228. Letter to the Editor
  229. Role of enhanced external counterpulsation in long COVID
  230. Expression of Concern
  231. Expression of concern “A ceRNA network mediated by LINC00475 in papillary thyroid carcinoma”
  232. Expression of concern “Notoginsenoside R1 alleviates spinal cord injury through the miR-301a/KLF7 axis to activate Wnt/β-catenin pathway”
  233. Expression of concern “circ_0020123 promotes cell proliferation and migration in lung adenocarcinoma via PDZD8”
  234. Corrigendum
  235. Corrigendum to “Empagliflozin improves aortic injury in obese mice by regulating fatty acid metabolism”
  236. Corrigendum to “Comparing the therapeutic efficacy of endoscopic minimally invasive surgery and traditional surgery for early-stage breast cancer: A meta-analysis”
  237. Corrigendum to “The progress of autoimmune hepatitis research and future challenges”
  238. Retraction
  239. Retraction of “miR-654-5p promotes gastric cancer progression via the GPRIN1/NF-κB pathway”
  240. Retraction of: “LncRNA CASC15 inhibition relieves renal fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy through downregulating SP-A by sponging to miR-424”
  241. Retraction of: “SCARA5 inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma via inactivating the STAT3 and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways”
  242. Special Issue Advancements in oncology: bridging clinical and experimental research - Part II
  243. Unveiling novel biomarkers for platinum chemoresistance in ovarian cancer
  244. Lathyrol affects the expression of AR and PSA and inhibits the malignant behavior of RCC cells
  245. The era of increasing cancer survivorship: Trends in fertility preservation, medico-legal implications, and ethical challenges
  246. Bone scintigraphy and positron emission tomography in the early diagnosis of MRONJ
  247. Meta-analysis of clinical efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer
  248. Special Issue Computational Intelligence Methodologies Meets Recurrent Cancers - Part IV
  249. Exploration of mRNA-modifying METTL3 oncogene as momentous prognostic biomarker responsible for colorectal cancer development
  250. Special Issue The evolving saga of RNAs from bench to bedside - Part III
  251. Interaction and verification of ferroptosis-related RNAs Rela and Stat3 in promoting sepsis-associated acute kidney injury
  252. The mRNA MOXD1: Link to oxidative stress and prognostic significance in gastric cancer
  253. Special Issue Exploring the biological mechanism of human diseases based on MultiOmics Technology - Part II
  254. Dynamic changes in lactate-related genes in microglia and their role in immune cell interactions after ischemic stroke
  255. A prognostic model correlated with fatty acid metabolism in Ewing’s sarcoma based on bioinformatics analysis
  256. Red cell distribution width predicts early kidney injury: A NHANES cross-sectional study
  257. Special Issue Diabetes mellitus: pathophysiology, complications & treatment
  258. Nutritional risk assessment and nutritional support in children with congenital diabetes during surgery
  259. Correlation of the differential expressions of RANK, RANKL, and OPG with obesity in the elderly population in Xinjiang
  260. A discussion on the application of fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography in the research of cognitive dysfunction in diabetes
  261. A review of brain research on T2DM-related cognitive dysfunction
  262. Metformin and estrogen modulation in LABC with T2DM: A 36-month randomized trial
  263. Special Issue Innovative Biomarker Discovery and Precision Medicine in Cancer Diagnostics
  264. CircASH1L-mediated tumor progression in triple-negative breast cancer: PI3K/AKT pathway mechanisms
Heruntergeladen am 4.2.2026 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/med-2025-1301/html
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