Effect of serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 levels on the efficacy of modified preperitoneal Kugel repair in patients with inguinal hernia
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Lifang Li
Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the effect of serum IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels on the efficacy of modified preperitoneal Kugel repair in patients with inguinal hernia.
Methods
Clinical records of 42 patients with inguinal hernias who underwent modified preperitoneal Kugel repair were retrospectively analyzed. Serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 were detected before surgery and after surgery. The patients were divided into the corresponding high-expression group and low-expression group. The basic data and clinical characteristics of patients were analyzed and compared, as well as postoperative indexes.
Results
In patients with inguinal hernia, serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 increase first and then decrease after surgery, reaching the peak value around 24 or 48 h after surgery. Patients with high-expression of IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 had longer hospital stays and time to return to normal activities, and were more likely to have chronic abdominal pain. In addition, high-expression of IL-6 and CRP had a higher probability of postoperative VAS values and wound infection, and high-expression of IL-6 and MMP-9 were also more likely to have wound healing injuries.
Conclusions
Serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 levels in patients with inguinal hernia can affect the efficacy of modified preperitoneal Kugel repair and the prognosis of patients.
1 Introduction
More than 20 million abdominal mural hernias are repaired each year worldwide. The most common type of hernias, inguinal hernias are caused by the protrusion of visceral or adipose tissue in the inguinal or femoral ducts [1–3]. Due to the slow recovery and the recurrence rate of more than 10%, surgery is the best treatment, namely femoral groove hernia repair. However, most patients suffer from complications such as chronic abdominal pain and wound infection [4,5]. Therefore, the study of the factors affecting the curative effect of inguinal hernia surgery has a positive and critical role in improving the prognosis of patients.
In 1999, Kugel’s team introduced Kugel hernia repair for the first time, and performed 808 hernia repair operations within 54 months, among which only five recurrent cases and two cases of wound infection were performed, and the patients recovered well after surgery [6]. Modified Kugel herniorrhaphy is a frequently performed surgical procedure due to its prevalence as a common pathology [7,8]. Kugel repair is a preperitoneal inguinal hernia repair technique without a posterior approach through the inguinal canal. Modified Kugel repair can expose the surgical field more clearly and optimize the surgical process. The modified Kugel procedure achieved complete tension-free repair by placing a double elliptical patch in the preperitoneal space and adding a reinforced patch. Compared with the original Kugel surgery, modified Kugel repair has advantages such as minimally invasive, less suture, less postoperative pain, faster recovery, fewer complications, and low recurrence rate, as well as the advantages of traditional inguinal hernia repair through the anterior approach, short learning curve, and short operation time [9]. At present, modified Kugel repair is one of the representative surgical methods of open preperitoneal repair in clinical practice, which is widely applied. However, due to the implant of prosthesis materials during surgery, wound infection may be caused, resulting in wound healing injury and aggravating chronic abdominal pain and other sequelae [10,11]. In addition, the metabolic response of surgery leads to gluconeogenesis and increased protein synthesis in the acute phase [12], which is associated with metabolic and immunoactive cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1 (IL-1), and IL-6 [13,14]. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) plays a key role in wound healing after surgery, and the physical condition of patients before surgery has a great impact on the treatment and prognosis. Based on this, the study speculates that factors related to preoperative inflammation and wound healing may affect the prognosis of patients with inguinal hernia undergoing modified Kugel surgery.
Patients were first divided into the corresponding high-level group and low-level group by the median preoperative serum IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), and MMP-9. Subsequently, the patient’s medical records and follow-up records for up to 6 months were sorted out and analyzed, and the basic data, clinical characteristics, postoperative complications, length of stay, and time to return to normal activities were compared.
Therefore, there is a need to investigate the levels of these biomarkers and postoperative clinical outcomes in patients with modified Kugel repair. The aim of this study was to evaluate the preoperative clinical characteristics as well as postoperative recovery of patients with different biomarker levels in a patient cohort.
2 Materials and methods
2.1 Patients
Clinical records of 68 patients with inguinal hernia undergoing modified preperitoneal Kugel repair admitted to Huaihe Hospital of Henan University from December 2018 to July 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Forty-two of the patients met the inclusion criteria and were subsequently examined based on patient records, including length of stay, degree of pain (Visual Analogue Scales [VAS]), inflammation (signs of redness, swelling, heat, and pain in the wound after surgery), wound healing, chronic abdominal pain, recurrence rate, and time to return to normal activities during a 3-month follow-up. Exclusion criteria were (1) patients with recurrent hernia or bilateral hernia, (2) pregnant patients, (3) patients with immune-related diseases, and (4) patients with malignant tumors.
2.2 Treatments
The surgery was performed by an experienced preperitoneal Kugel repair surgeon. All patients were operated on under local anesthesia and vital signs were monitored using a cardiac monitor. A modified Kugel hernia patch (Bard Davol, Needham, MA, USA) was placed as suggested [15]. In short, a 4–5 cm incision was made in the inguinal ligament. After determining the location of the hernia, the prepared patch was inserted into the preperitoneal space and fixed on the fascia transversalis and inguinal ligament with sutures. Finally, the inguinal canal and subcutaneous tissue were closed using absorbable sutures.
2.3 Observation indicators and detection methods
No anti-inflammatories were given before surgery, and anti-inflammatory drugs were given within 14 days after surgery. Meanwhile, 5 mL of intravenous blood samples was collected from patients before surgery and on Days 1, 2, 7, and 14 after surgery. After centrifugation at 3,000 rpm for 5 min, the sample was stored at −80°C. Serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 levels were measured by ELISA kit (Thermo Fisher Technology).
The pain degree of postoperative patients was evaluated by VAS on Day 2 after surgery; 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates the most severe pain. Patients with severe pain are treated with 100 mg of meperidine hydrochloride if needed.
Patients were categorized into corresponding high and low level groups based on the median preoperative serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9. Subsequently, the patients’ medical records and follow-up records up to 6 months were compiled and analyzed to compare the basic information, clinical characteristics, postoperative complications, hospitalization time, and time to return to normal activities.
2.4 Analysis of data
The sample size of the study was estimated using G*Power software version 3.1.9.2 with a significance level of α = 0.05, power of 1−β = 0.8, effect size of d = 0.7, and two-sided testing, requiring a minimum sample size of 40. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 19.0 software (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). For continuous variables, Shapiro–Wilk and Levenes test were used to test normal distribution and homogeneity of variance. Data conforming to normal distribution shall be expressed as mean ± standard deviation, and those not conforming shall be expressed as median (25th and 75th percentiles). Use student t “test or modified t” test for data satisfying normal distribution, Mann–Whitney U test is used for non-normal distribution data, and Chi square test for discrete variables. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
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Informed consent: Written informed consent was provided by all patients prior to the study start.
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Ethical approval: The present study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Huaihe Hospital of Henan University (No. 20180603HN-11). All procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the Institutional Review Board and the Declaration of Helsinki, and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
3 Results
3.1 Basic data and clinical features of patients
A retrospective analysis of 42 patients was performed. First, patients were divided into low- and high-expression groups of IL-6, CRP, and MMP9 by analyzing their median serum levels before surgery. Subsequently, the basic data and clinical characteristics were summarized. There were no statistical differences in age, gender, location, classification, incision length, and operative time between the low-IL-6 level group and the high-IL-6 level group (Table 1). Similarly, the basic data and clinical characteristics of patients with high and low level of CRP and MMP-9 were similar, with no statistical difference (Tables 2 and 3). Therefore, the relevant indicators after surgery are comparable.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with low or high IL-6 level
| IL-6 low-level (n = 21) | IL-6 high-level (n = 21) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 60[54–65] | 66[48–70] | 0.284 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.4[21.2, 24.6] | 23.1[21.3, 24.5] | 0.451 |
| Gender | 0.432 | ||
| Male | 16(76.2) | 18(85.7) | |
| Female | 5(23.8) | 3(14.3) | |
| Location of hernia | 0.757 | ||
| Right | 12(57.1) | 11(52.4) | |
| Left | 9(42.9) | 10(47.6) | |
| Nyhus classification | 0.846 | ||
| Type 1: Indirect, small | 8(38.1) | 9(42.9) | |
| Type 2: Indirect, medium | 5(23.8) | 6(28.6) | |
| Type 3A: Direct | 4(19.0) | 4(19.0) | |
| Type 3B: Indirect, large | 4(19.0) | 2(9.5) | |
| Length of incision (cm) | 4.4[4.2–4.6] | 4.6[4.3–4.8] | 0.211 |
| Operative time (min) | 53[48–60] | 50[40–60] | 0.528 |
Continuous variables were compared for differences between groups using Mann–Whitney U test, while discrete variables were compared using Pearson chi square.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with low or high CRP level
| CRP low-level (n = 21) | CRP high-level (n = 21) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 62[55–68] | 60[45–67] | 0.513 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.4[21.3, 24.5] | 23.3[21.1, 24.6] | 0.426 |
| Gender | 0.172 | ||
| Male | 17(81.0) | 13(61.9) | |
| Female | 4(19.0) | 8(38.1) | |
| Location of hernia | 0.929 | ||
| Right | 13(61.9) | 10(47.6) | |
| Left | 11(52.4) | 8(38.1) | |
| Nyhus classification | 0.772 | ||
| Type 1: Indirect, small | 7(33.3) | 10(47.6) | |
| Type 2: Indirect, medium | 6(28.6) | 5(23.8) | |
| Type 3A: Direct | 5(23.8) | 3(14.3) | |
| Type 3B: Indirect, large | 3(14.3) | 3(14.3) | |
| Length of incision (cm) | 4.4[4.1–4.6] | 4.6[4.4–4.8] | 0.052 |
| Operative time (min) | 58[49–60] | 48[40–52] | 0.091 |
Continuous variables were compared for differences between groups using Mann–Whitney U test, while discrete variables were compared using person chi square.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with low or high MMP9 level
| MMP9 low-level (n = 21) | MMP9 high-level (n = 21) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 66[52–72] | 60[54–65] | 0.064 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.3[21.3, 24.6] | 23.2[21.2, 24.5] | 0.475 |
| Gender | 0.432 | ||
| Male | 18(85.7) | 16(76.2) | |
| Female | 3(14.3) | 5(23.8) | |
| Location of hernia | 0.663 | ||
| Right | 10(47.6) | 13(61.9) | |
| Left | 7(33.3) | 12(57.1) | |
| Nyhus classification | 0.376 | ||
| Type 1: Indirect, small | 11(52.4) | 6(28.6) | |
| Type 2: Indirect, medium | 7(33.3) | 4(19.0) | |
| Type 3A: Direct | 3(14.3) | 5(23.8) | |
| Type 3B: Indirect, large | 2(9.5) | 4(19.0) | |
| Length of incision (cm) | 4.5[4.4–4.8] | 4.5[4.1–4.6] | 0.096 |
| Operative time (min) | 50[40–58] | 56[48–62] | 0.154 |
Continuous variables were compared for differences between groups using Mann–Whitney U test, while discrete variables were compared using Pearson chi-square.
3.2 Changes in serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 levels in patients
Preoperative and postoperative serum data were collected, and changes in IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 were analyzed. IL-6 in all patients increased and then decreased after surgery, and the highest value appeared around 24 h, while the value was similar to that before surgery on Day 14. Meanwhile, patients with high IL-6 level also had higher serum IL-6 levels after surgery. In addition, serum CRP and MMP-9 levels also showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and the serum CRP and MMP-9 levels in the high-level group were higher than those in the low-level group. However, CRP level was highest near 48 h after surgery, while MMP-9 level was near 24 h (Figure 1).
Changes of serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 levels in patients. (a)–(c) Changes of serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 level. Use student’s t ‘test or modified t’ test for data satisfying. ***, p＜0.001.
3.3 Postoperative indexes of patients
By analyzing postoperative indexes, it was noticed that patients with high IL-6 level had higher VAS values as well as longer hospital stay and the time required to return to normal activities than patients with low IL-6 level. Meanwhile, patients with high-level of IL-6 were more likely to have complications of impaired wound healing, wound infection, and chronic abdominal pain, but had no difference in the recurrence rate (Table 4). Similar results were seen in patients with high CRP and MMP-9 level (Tables 5 and 6). Therefore, serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 in patients with inguinal hernia before surgery will affect the surgical efficacy and prognosis of patients.
Postoperative indexes of patients with low and high level of IL-6
| IL-6 low-level (n = 21) | IL-6 high-level (n = 21) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| VAS values | 2.0[1.0–3.0] | 4.0][2.0–5.0] | <0.001 |
| Hospital stay (days) | 1.4[1.2–1.8] | 2.8[2.0–4.6] | <0.001 |
| Postoperative complications | |||
| Impaired skin wound healing | 4(19.0) | 11(52.4) | 0.024 |
| Wound inflammation | 1(4.8) | 16(76.2) | <0.001 |
| Chronic abdominal pain | 5(23.8) | 18(85.7) | <0.001 |
| Recurrence and others | 0(0.0) | 1(4.8) | 0.311 |
| Return to normal activities (days) | 4.6[2.5–6.5] | 8.0[5.3–9.5] | <0.001 |
Continuous variables were compared for differences between groups using Mann–Whitney U test, while discrete variables were compared using Pearson chi-square.
Postoperative indexes of patients with low and high level of CRP
| CRP low-level (n = 21) | CRP high-level (n = 21) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| VAS values | 2.0[1.0–2.0] | 4.0[3.0–5.0] | <0.001 |
| Hospital stay (days) | 1.2[1.1–1.4] | 2.8[2.5–4.6] | <0.001 |
| Postoperative complications | |||
| Impaired skin wound healing | 5(23.8) | 10(47.6) | 0.107 |
| Wound inflammation | 2(9.5) | 15(71.4) | <0.001 |
| Chronic abdominal pain | 7(33.3) | 16(76.2) | 0.005 |
| Recurrence and others | 1(4.8) | 0(0.0) | 0.311 |
| Return to normal activities (days) | 5.0[4.5–6.7] | 8.8[7.0–11.5] | 0.016 |
Continuous variables were compared for differences between groups using Mann–Whitney U test, while discrete variables were compared using Pearson chi-square.
Postoperative indexes of patients with low and high level of MMP9
| MMP9 low-level (n = 21) | MMP9 high-level (n = 21) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| VAS values | 2.0[1.0–2.0] | 2.0[1.0–3.0] | 0.092 |
| Hospital stay (days) | 1.4[1.2–2.5] | 3.5[3.2–5.7] | 0.026 |
| Postoperative complications | |||
| Impaired skin wound healing | 2(9.5) | 13(62.0) | <0.001 |
| Wound inflammation | 7(33.3) | 10(47.6) | 0.346 |
| Chronic abdominal pain | 8(38.1) | 15(71.4) | 0.030 |
| Recurrence and others | 0(0.0) | 1(4.8) | 0.312 |
| Return to normal activities (days) | 5.2[4.3–6.5] | 7.6[4.6–9.5] | 0.033 |
Continuous variables were compared for differences between groups using Mann–Whitney U test, while discrete variables were compared using Pearson chi-square.
4 Discussion
Inguinal hernia is a common surgical condition caused by a defect or weakness of the deep transverse fascia in the inguinal region. At present, modified Kugel repair is one of the most widely used operations. However, most patients still have complications such as wound infection and chronic pain after surgery, resulting in certain restrictions on their life and work [16]. However, postoperative pain is affected by various factors, such as preoperative pain, intraoperative nerve damage, and inflammation associated with reticular materials [10,17]. Based on previous studies, the article reviewed the medical records of 42 patients and confirmed that preoperative serum levels of IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 affected the prognosis of patients with inguinal hernia and were positively correlated with postoperative wound infection, but negatively correlated with postoperative pain, wound healing, length of stay, and time to return to normal activities.
Most surgical injuries are caused by the body’s inflammatory response. The modified Kugel repair is to place the patch in the preperitoneal space, completely cover the entire inguinal area, and enhance the repair of the weak inguinal area. The selected biological patch has a soft texture and a good fit with human tissue, and the patient’s discomfort after implantation is relatively light [18]. However, some current studies have confirmed that after implantation of the prosthesis material, the body will begin to experience acute inflammation and subsequent chronic fibroblast changes resulting in tissue scarring and the formation of fibrosis or granuloma. In some cases, the inflammatory process will also cause damage to the surrounding tissues and lead to chronic pain in patients [19], and studies have found that IL-6 plays an important role in inducing and maintaining pain [20]. This inflammatory response appears to be characterized by elevated IL-6 and CRP levels [21–23]. Our results were similar, with increased serum IL-6 and CRP levels after surgery. IL-6 mainly regulates the acute phase response and induces the synthesis of various plasma proteins in hepatocytes, leading to the synthetic expression of acute phase proteins such as CRP 22. In this study, IL-6 reached its peak elevation 24 h after surgery, but CRP reached its peak about 48 h after surgery. This is consistent with the known role of IL-6 in inducing CRP synthesis. In addition, IL-6 reached its peak 24 h after surgery. We speculate that postoperative weakness may be a potential cause of pro-inflammatory effects in patients.
CRPs are pro-inflammatory factors that can be used to assess the severity of biological trauma based on cytokine secretion. IL-6 is a class of factors with bidirectional effects, and its anti-inflammatory activity is mediated by classical signals, while the pro-inflammatory response is mediated by trans signals [24]. Importantly, IL-6 is a sensitive marker of tissue damage and is involved in regulating the host defense mechanism [25], while CRP, an acute phase protein, is closely related to the severity of inflammation and prognosis of patients. Patients with high IL-6 or CRP level had less postoperative pain, a shorter hospital stay, and a shorter time to return to daily activities. Patients’ physical conditions before surgery, such as inflammation, will significantly increase the incidence of complications such as wound infection, which is unfavorable to body recovery. In this study, our results indicate that patients with high IL-6 or CRP level are more likely to have chronic abdominal pain, wound infection, and wound healing injury than those with low-level. This indicates that preoperative serum IL-6 and CRP levels affect the prognosis of patients with inguinal hernia.
In addition, the prosthesis materials can induce an acute inflammatory response, followed by tissue fibrosis and granuloma formation, and the patient develops chronic foreign body reactions [26]. Extracellular matrix molecules are critical in tissue repair, and MMPs are involved in the degradation of extracellular matrix. Increased level of MMP-9 is related to the decreased amount of collagen and tissue inflammatory response, which affects wound healing [27]. Our results showed that serum MMP-9 level in patients increased to a peak about 24 h after surgery and then decreased. In addition, serum MMP-9 levels were always higher in patients with high MMP-9 level compared to those with low-level. Meanwhile, patients in the high-level group had a longer hospital stay and return to normal activities, and had a higher probability of wound healing injury. This may be because increased MMP-9 levels lead to a delayed wound-healing response and less collagen deposition [28]. Therefore, patients’ preoperative serum MMP-9 levels may also influence the efficacy of modified Kugel hernia repair after treatment.
5 Limitations
However, the sample size was small and 6-month follow-up may not be sufficient to assess the correlation between preoperative serum and prognosis of patients with modified Kugel repair. Second, although the trial was subject to strict quality control, it could not be treated completely objectively because it was a single-center study. In addition, we will increase the frequency of detection of serum factors before and after surgery in subsequent studies, and use more accurate data for analysis.
6 Conclusion
Preoperative serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 affect the efficacy of modified Kugel repair, and the higher the preoperative serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 levels, the more likely patients were to have postoperative pain, wound infection, wound healing injury, and chronic abdominal pain as well as longer hospital stays and time to normal activities.
Acknowledgements
Not applicable.
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Funding information: The authors state no funding involved.
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Author contributions: Conceptualization, Lifang Li; methodology, Lifang Li and Renjie Cui; formal analysis, Wanli Ma and Kunhou Yao; investigation, Wanli Ma; data curation, Renjie Cui; writing – original draft preparation, Lifang Li; writing – review and editing, Kunhou Yao; project administration, Kunhou Yao. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
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Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.
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Data availability statement: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the present study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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- Analysis of the effect of ALA-PDT on macrophages in footpad model of mice infected with Fonsecaea monophora based on single-cell sequencing
- Development and validation of headspace gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector method for the determination of ethanol in the vitreous humor
- CMSP exerts anti-tumor effects on small cell lung cancer cells by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis
- Predictive value of plasma sB7-H3 and YKL-40 in pediatric refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia
- Antiangiogenic potential of Elaeagnus umbellata extracts and molecular docking study by targeting VEGFR-2 pathway
- Comparison of the effectiveness of nurse-led preoperative counseling and postoperative follow-up care vs standard care for patients with gastric cancer
- Comparing the therapeutic efficacy of endoscopic minimally invasive surgery and traditional surgery for early-stage breast cancer: A meta-analysis
- Adhered macrophages as an additional marker of cardiomyocyte injury in biopsies of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
- Association between statin administration and outcome in patients with sepsis: A retrospective study
- Exploration of the association between estimated glucose disposal rate and osteoarthritis in middle-aged and older adults: An analysis of NHANES data from 2011 to 2018
- A comparative analysis of the binary and multiclass classified chest X-ray images of pneumonia and COVID-19 with ML and DL models
- Lysophosphatidic acid 2 alleviates deep vein thrombosis via protective endothelial barrier function
- Transcription factor A, mitochondrial promotes lymph node metastasis and lymphangiogenesis in epithelial ovarian carcinoma
- Serum PM20D1 levels are associated with nutritional status and inflammatory factors in gastric cancer patients undergoing early enteral nutrition
- Hydromorphone reduced the incidence of emergence agitation after adenotonsillectomy in children with obstructive sleep apnea: A randomized, double-blind study
- Vitamin D replacement therapy may regulate sleep habits in patients with restless leg syndrome
- The first-line antihypertensive nitrendipine potentiated the therapeutic effect of oxaliplatin by downregulating CACNA1D in colorectal cancer
- Health literacy and health-related quality of life: The mediating role of irrational happiness
- Modulatory effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on bone cell dynamics in osteoporosis
- Mechanism research on inhibition of gastric cancer in vitro by the extract of Pinellia ternata based on network pharmacology and cellular metabolomics
- Examination of the causal role of immune cells in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
- Clinical analysis of ten cases of HIV infection combined with acute leukemia
- Investigating the cardioprotective potential of quercetin against tacrolimus-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats: A mechanistic insights
- Clinical observation of probiotics combined with mesalazine and Yiyi Baitouweng Decoction retention enema in treating mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis
- Diagnostic value of ratio of blood inflammation to coagulation markers in periprosthetic joint infection
- Sex-specific associations of sex hormone binding globulin and risk of bladder cancer
- Core muscle strength and stability-oriented breathing training reduces inter-recti distance in postpartum women
- The ERAS nursing care strategy for patients undergoing transsphenoidal endoscopic pituitary tumor resection: A randomized blinded controlled trial
- The serum IL-17A levels in patients with traumatic bowel rupture post-surgery and its predictive value for patient prognosis
- Impact of Kolb’s experiential learning theory-based nursing on caregiver burden and psychological state of caregivers of dementia patients
- Analysis of serum NLR combined with intraoperative margin condition to predict the prognosis of cervical HSIL patients undergoing LEEP surgery
- Commiphora gileadensis ameliorate infertility and erectile dysfunction in diabetic male mice
- The correlation between epithelial–mesenchymal transition classification and MMP2 expression of circulating tumor cells and prognosis of advanced or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma
- Tetrahydropalmatine improves mitochondrial function in vascular smooth muscle cells of atherosclerosis in vitro by inhibiting Ras homolog gene family A/Rho-associated protein kinase-1 signaling pathway
- A cross-sectional study: Relationship between serum oxidative stress levels and arteriovenous fistula maturation in maintenance dialysis patients
- A comparative analysis of the impact of repeated administration of flavan 3-ol on brown, subcutaneous, and visceral adipose tissue
- Identifying early screening factors for depression in middle-aged and older adults: A cohort study
- Perform tumor-specific survival analysis for Merkel cell carcinoma patients undergoing surgical resection based on the SEER database by constructing a nomogram chart
- Unveiling the role of CXCL10 in pancreatic cancer progression: A novel prognostic indicator
- High-dose preoperative intraperitoneal erythropoietin and intravenous methylprednisolone in acute traumatic spinal cord injuries following decompression surgeries
- RAB39B: A novel biomarker for acute myeloid leukemia identified via multi-omics and functional validation
- Impact of peripheral conditioning on reperfusion injury following primary percutaneous coronary intervention in diabetic and non-diabetic STEMI patients
- Clinical efficacy of azacitidine in the treatment of middle- and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly patients: A retrospective study
- The effect of ambulatory blood pressure load on mitral regurgitation in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients
- Expression and clinical significance of ITGA3 in breast cancer
- Single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals ARHGAP28 expression of podocytes as a biomarker in human diabetic nephropathy
- rSIG combined with NLR in the prognostic assessment of patients with multiple injuries
- Toxic metals and metalloids in collagen supplements of fish and jellyfish origin: Risk assessment for daily intake
- Exploring causal relationship between 41 inflammatory cytokines and marginal zone lymphoma: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
- Gender beliefs and legitimization of dating violence in adolescents
- Effect of serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 levels on the efficacy of modified preperitoneal Kugel repair in patients with inguinal hernia
- Effect of smoking and smoking cessation on hematological parameters in polycythemic patients
- Pathogen surveillance and risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with lung cancer: A retrospective single-center study
- Necroptosis of hippocampal neurons in paclitaxel chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment mediates microglial activation via TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway
- Celastrol suppresses neovascularization in rat aortic vascular endothelial cells stimulated by inflammatory tenocytes via modulating the NLRP3 pathway
- Cord-lamina angle and foraminal diameter as key predictors of C5 palsy after anterior cervical decompression and fusion surgery
- GATA1: A key biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
- Influencing factors of false lumen thrombosis in type B aortic dissection: A single-center retrospective study
- MZB1 regulates the immune microenvironment and inhibits ovarian cancer cell migration
- Integrating experimental and network pharmacology to explore the pharmacological mechanisms of Dioscin against glioblastoma
- Trends in research on preterm birth in twin pregnancy based on bibliometrics
- Four-week IgE/baseline IgE ratio combined with tryptase predicts clinical outcome in omalizumab-treated children with moderate-to-severe asthma
- Single-cell transcriptomic analysis identifies a stress response Schwann cell subtype
- Acute pancreatitis risk in the diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease: A critical focus
- Effect of subclinical esketamine on NLRP3 and cognitive dysfunction in elderly ischemic stroke patients
- Interleukin-37 mediates the anti-oral tumor activity in oral cancer through STAT3
- CA199 and CEA expression levels, and minimally invasive postoperative prognosis analysis in esophageal squamous carcinoma patients
- Efficacy of a novel drainage catheter in the treatment of CSF leak after posterior spine surgery: A retrospective cohort study
- Comprehensive biomedicine assessment of Apteranthes tuberculata extracts: Phytochemical analysis and multifaceted pharmacological evaluation in animal models
- Relation of time in range to severity of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study
- Dopamine attenuates ethanol-induced neuronal apoptosis by stimulating electrical activity in the developing rat retina
- Correlation between albumin levels during the third trimester and the risk of postpartum levator ani muscle rupture
- Factors associated with maternal attention and distraction during breastfeeding and childcare: A cross-sectional study in the west of Iran
- Mechanisms of hesperetin in treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatosis liver disease via network pharmacology and in vitro experiments
- The law on oncological oblivion in the Italian and European context: How to best uphold the cancer patients’ rights to privacy and self-determination?
- The prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and prognostic nutritional index for survival in patients with colorectal cancer
- Factors affecting the measurements of peripheral oxygen saturation values in healthy young adults
- Comparison and correlations between findings of hysteroscopy and vaginal color Doppler ultrasonography for detection of uterine abnormalities in patients with recurrent implantation failure
- The effects of different types of RAGT on balance function in stroke patients with low levels of independent walking in a convalescent rehabilitation hospital
- Causal relationship between asthma and ankylosing spondylitis: A bidirectional two-sample univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study
- Correlations of health literacy with individuals’ understanding and use of medications in Southern Taiwan
- Correlation of serum calprotectin with outcome of acute cerebral infarction
- Comparison of computed tomography and guided bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Curdione protects vascular endothelial cells and atherosclerosis via the regulation of DNMT1-mediated ERBB4 promoter methylation
- The identification of novel missense variant in ChAT gene in a patient with gestational diabetes denotes plausible genetic association
- Molecular genotyping of multi-system rare blood types in foreign blood donors based on DNA sequencing and its clinical significance
- Exploring the role of succinyl carnitine in the association between CD39⁺ CD4⁺ T cell and ulcerative colitis: A Mendelian randomization study
- Dexmedetomidine suppresses microglial activation in postoperative cognitive dysfunction via the mmu-miRNA-125/TRAF6 signaling axis
- Analysis of serum metabolomics in patients with different types of chronic heart failure
- Diagnostic value of hematological parameters in the early diagnosis of acute cholecystitis
- Pachymaran alleviates fat accumulation, hepatocyte degeneration, and injury in mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
- Decrease in CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes are predictors of severe clinical picture and unfavorable outcome of the disease in patients with COVID-19
- METTL3 blocked the progression of diabetic retinopathy through m6A-modified SOX2
- The predictive significance of anti-RO-52 antibody in patients with interstitial pneumonia after treatment of malignant tumors
- Exploring cerebrospinal fluid metabolites, cognitive function, and brain atrophy: Insights from Mendelian randomization
- Development and validation of potential molecular subtypes and signatures of ocular sarcoidosis based on autophagy-related gene analysis
- Widespread venous thrombosis: Unveiling a complex case of Behçet’s disease with a literature perspective
- Uterine fibroid embolization: An analysis of clinical outcomes and impact on patients’ quality of life
- Discovery of lipid metabolism-related diagnostic biomarkers and construction of diagnostic model in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head
- Serum-derived exomiR-188-3p is a promising novel biomarker for early-stage ovarian cancer
- Enhancing chronic back pain management: A comparative study of ultrasound–MRI fusion guidance for paravertebral nerve block
- Peptide CCAT1-70aa promotes hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation and invasion via the MAPK/ERK pathway
- Electroacupuncture-induced reduction of myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury via FTO-dependent m6A methylation modulation
- Hemorrhoids and cardiovascular disease: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
- Cell-free adipose extract inhibits hypertrophic scar formation through collagen remodeling and antiangiogenesis
- HALP score in Demodex blepharitis: A case–control study
- Assessment of SOX2 performance as a marker for circulating cancer stem-like cells (CCSCs) identification in advanced breast cancer patients using CytoTrack system
- Risk and prognosis for brain metastasis in primary metastatic cervical cancer patients: A population-based study
- Comparison of the two intestinal anastomosis methods in pediatric patients
- Factors influencing hematological toxicity and adverse effects of perioperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal vs intraperitoneal chemotherapy in gastrointestinal cancer
- Endotoxin tolerance inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages of septic mice by restoring autophagic flux through TRIM26
- Lateral transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy: A single-centre experience of 21 procedures
- Petunidin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced retinal microglia inflammatory response in diabetic retinopathy by targeting OGT/NF-κB/LCN2 axis
- Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as biomarkers for diagnosing and assessing the severity of acute cholecystitis
- Factors determining the number of sessions in successful extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy patients
- Development of a nomogram for predicting cancer-specific survival in patients with renal pelvic cancer following surgery
- Inhibition of ATG7 promotes orthodontic tooth movement by regulating the RANKL/OPG ratio under compression force
- A machine learning-based prognostic model integrating mRNA stemness index, hypoxia, and glycolysis‑related biomarkers for colorectal cancer
- 10.1515/med-2025-1282
- Review Articles
- The effects of enhanced external counter-pulsation on post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: A narrative review
- Diabetes-related cognitive impairment: Mechanisms, symptoms, and treatments
- Microscopic changes and gross morphology of placenta in women affected by gestational diabetes mellitus in dietary treatment: A systematic review
- Review of mechanisms and frontier applications in IL-17A-induced hypertension
- Research progress on the correlation between islet amyloid peptides and type 2 diabetes mellitus
- The safety and efficacy of BCG combined with mitomycin C compared with BCG monotherapy in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- The application of augmented reality in robotic general surgery: A mini-review
- The effect of Greek mountain tea extract and wheat germ extract on peripheral blood flow and eicosanoid metabolism in mammals
- Neurogasobiology of migraine: Carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and nitric oxide as emerging pathophysiological trinacrium relevant to nociception regulation
- Plant polyphenols, terpenes, and terpenoids in oral health
- Laboratory medicine between technological innovation, rights safeguarding, and patient safety: A bioethical perspective
- End-of-life in cancer patients: Medicolegal implications and ethical challenges in Europe
- The maternal factors during pregnancy for intrauterine growth retardation: An umbrella review
- Intra-abdominal hypertension/abdominal compartment syndrome of pediatric patients in critical care settings
- PI3K/Akt pathway and neuroinflammation in sepsis-associated encephalopathy
- Screening of Group B Streptococcus in pregnancy: A systematic review for the laboratory detection
- Giant borderline ovarian tumours – review of the literature
- Leveraging artificial intelligence for collaborative care planning: Innovations and impacts in shared decision-making – A systematic review
- Cholera epidemiology analysis through the experience of the 1973 Naples epidemic
- Risk factors of frailty/sarcopenia in community older adults: Meta-analysis
- Case Reports
- Delayed graft function after renal transplantation
- Semaglutide treatment for type 2 diabetes in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia: A case report and review of the literature
- Diverse electrophysiological demyelinating features in a late-onset glycogen storage disease type IIIa case
- Giant right atrial hemangioma presenting with ascites: A case report
- Laser excision of a large granular cell tumor of the vocal cord with subglottic extension: A case report
- EsoFLIP-assisted dilation for dysphagia in systemic sclerosis: Highlighting the role of multimodal esophageal evaluation
- Rapid Communication
- Biological properties of valve materials using RGD and EC
- Letter to the Editor
- Role of enhanced external counterpulsation in long COVID
- Expression of Concern
- Expression of concern “A ceRNA network mediated by LINC00475 in papillary thyroid carcinoma”
- Expression of concern “Notoginsenoside R1 alleviates spinal cord injury through the miR-301a/KLF7 axis to activate Wnt/β-catenin pathway”
- Expression of concern “circ_0020123 promotes cell proliferation and migration in lung adenocarcinoma via PDZD8”
- Corrigendum
- Corrigendum to “Empagliflozin improves aortic injury in obese mice by regulating fatty acid metabolism”
- Corrigendum to “Comparing the therapeutic efficacy of endoscopic minimally invasive surgery and traditional surgery for early-stage breast cancer: A meta-analysis”
- Corrigendum to “The progress of autoimmune hepatitis research and future challenges”
- Retraction
- Retraction of “miR-654-5p promotes gastric cancer progression via the GPRIN1/NF-κB pathway”
- Special Issue Advancements in oncology: bridging clinical and experimental research - Part II
- Unveiling novel biomarkers for platinum chemoresistance in ovarian cancer
- Lathyrol affects the expression of AR and PSA and inhibits the malignant behavior of RCC cells
- The era of increasing cancer survivorship: Trends in fertility preservation, medico-legal implications, and ethical challenges
- Bone scintigraphy and positron emission tomography in the early diagnosis of MRONJ
- Meta-analysis of clinical efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer
- Special Issue Computational Intelligence Methodologies Meets Recurrent Cancers - Part IV
- Exploration of mRNA-modifying METTL3 oncogene as momentous prognostic biomarker responsible for colorectal cancer development
- Special Issue The evolving saga of RNAs from bench to bedside - Part III
- Interaction and verification of ferroptosis-related RNAs Rela and Stat3 in promoting sepsis-associated acute kidney injury
- The mRNA MOXD1: Link to oxidative stress and prognostic significance in gastric cancer
- Special Issue Exploring the biological mechanism of human diseases based on MultiOmics Technology - Part II
- Dynamic changes in lactate-related genes in microglia and their role in immune cell interactions after ischemic stroke
- A prognostic model correlated with fatty acid metabolism in Ewing’s sarcoma based on bioinformatics analysis
- Special Issue Diabetes
- Nutritional risk assessment and nutritional support in children with congenital diabetes during surgery
- Correlation of the differential expressions of RANK, RANKL, and OPG with obesity in the elderly population in Xinjiang
- A discussion on the application of fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography in the research of cognitive dysfunction in diabetes
- A review of brain research on T2DM-related cognitive dysfunction
- Special Issue Biomarker Discovery and Precision Medicine
- CircASH1L-mediated tumor progression in triple-negative breast cancer: PI3K/AKT pathway mechanisms
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Research Articles
- Network pharmacological analysis and in vitro testing of the rutin effects on triple-negative breast cancer
- Impact of diabetes on long-term survival in elderly liver cancer patients: A retrospective study
- Knockdown of CCNB1 alleviates high glucose-triggered trophoblast dysfunction during gestational diabetes via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
- Risk factors for severe adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients
- Analysis of the effect of ALA-PDT on macrophages in footpad model of mice infected with Fonsecaea monophora based on single-cell sequencing
- Development and validation of headspace gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector method for the determination of ethanol in the vitreous humor
- CMSP exerts anti-tumor effects on small cell lung cancer cells by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis
- Predictive value of plasma sB7-H3 and YKL-40 in pediatric refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia
- Antiangiogenic potential of Elaeagnus umbellata extracts and molecular docking study by targeting VEGFR-2 pathway
- Comparison of the effectiveness of nurse-led preoperative counseling and postoperative follow-up care vs standard care for patients with gastric cancer
- Comparing the therapeutic efficacy of endoscopic minimally invasive surgery and traditional surgery for early-stage breast cancer: A meta-analysis
- Adhered macrophages as an additional marker of cardiomyocyte injury in biopsies of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
- Association between statin administration and outcome in patients with sepsis: A retrospective study
- Exploration of the association between estimated glucose disposal rate and osteoarthritis in middle-aged and older adults: An analysis of NHANES data from 2011 to 2018
- A comparative analysis of the binary and multiclass classified chest X-ray images of pneumonia and COVID-19 with ML and DL models
- Lysophosphatidic acid 2 alleviates deep vein thrombosis via protective endothelial barrier function
- Transcription factor A, mitochondrial promotes lymph node metastasis and lymphangiogenesis in epithelial ovarian carcinoma
- Serum PM20D1 levels are associated with nutritional status and inflammatory factors in gastric cancer patients undergoing early enteral nutrition
- Hydromorphone reduced the incidence of emergence agitation after adenotonsillectomy in children with obstructive sleep apnea: A randomized, double-blind study
- Vitamin D replacement therapy may regulate sleep habits in patients with restless leg syndrome
- The first-line antihypertensive nitrendipine potentiated the therapeutic effect of oxaliplatin by downregulating CACNA1D in colorectal cancer
- Health literacy and health-related quality of life: The mediating role of irrational happiness
- Modulatory effects of Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on bone cell dynamics in osteoporosis
- Mechanism research on inhibition of gastric cancer in vitro by the extract of Pinellia ternata based on network pharmacology and cellular metabolomics
- Examination of the causal role of immune cells in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
- Clinical analysis of ten cases of HIV infection combined with acute leukemia
- Investigating the cardioprotective potential of quercetin against tacrolimus-induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats: A mechanistic insights
- Clinical observation of probiotics combined with mesalazine and Yiyi Baitouweng Decoction retention enema in treating mild-to-moderate ulcerative colitis
- Diagnostic value of ratio of blood inflammation to coagulation markers in periprosthetic joint infection
- Sex-specific associations of sex hormone binding globulin and risk of bladder cancer
- Core muscle strength and stability-oriented breathing training reduces inter-recti distance in postpartum women
- The ERAS nursing care strategy for patients undergoing transsphenoidal endoscopic pituitary tumor resection: A randomized blinded controlled trial
- The serum IL-17A levels in patients with traumatic bowel rupture post-surgery and its predictive value for patient prognosis
- Impact of Kolb’s experiential learning theory-based nursing on caregiver burden and psychological state of caregivers of dementia patients
- Analysis of serum NLR combined with intraoperative margin condition to predict the prognosis of cervical HSIL patients undergoing LEEP surgery
- Commiphora gileadensis ameliorate infertility and erectile dysfunction in diabetic male mice
- The correlation between epithelial–mesenchymal transition classification and MMP2 expression of circulating tumor cells and prognosis of advanced or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma
- Tetrahydropalmatine improves mitochondrial function in vascular smooth muscle cells of atherosclerosis in vitro by inhibiting Ras homolog gene family A/Rho-associated protein kinase-1 signaling pathway
- A cross-sectional study: Relationship between serum oxidative stress levels and arteriovenous fistula maturation in maintenance dialysis patients
- A comparative analysis of the impact of repeated administration of flavan 3-ol on brown, subcutaneous, and visceral adipose tissue
- Identifying early screening factors for depression in middle-aged and older adults: A cohort study
- Perform tumor-specific survival analysis for Merkel cell carcinoma patients undergoing surgical resection based on the SEER database by constructing a nomogram chart
- Unveiling the role of CXCL10 in pancreatic cancer progression: A novel prognostic indicator
- High-dose preoperative intraperitoneal erythropoietin and intravenous methylprednisolone in acute traumatic spinal cord injuries following decompression surgeries
- RAB39B: A novel biomarker for acute myeloid leukemia identified via multi-omics and functional validation
- Impact of peripheral conditioning on reperfusion injury following primary percutaneous coronary intervention in diabetic and non-diabetic STEMI patients
- Clinical efficacy of azacitidine in the treatment of middle- and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly patients: A retrospective study
- The effect of ambulatory blood pressure load on mitral regurgitation in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients
- Expression and clinical significance of ITGA3 in breast cancer
- Single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals ARHGAP28 expression of podocytes as a biomarker in human diabetic nephropathy
- rSIG combined with NLR in the prognostic assessment of patients with multiple injuries
- Toxic metals and metalloids in collagen supplements of fish and jellyfish origin: Risk assessment for daily intake
- Exploring causal relationship between 41 inflammatory cytokines and marginal zone lymphoma: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
- Gender beliefs and legitimization of dating violence in adolescents
- Effect of serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 levels on the efficacy of modified preperitoneal Kugel repair in patients with inguinal hernia
- Effect of smoking and smoking cessation on hematological parameters in polycythemic patients
- Pathogen surveillance and risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with lung cancer: A retrospective single-center study
- Necroptosis of hippocampal neurons in paclitaxel chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment mediates microglial activation via TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway
- Celastrol suppresses neovascularization in rat aortic vascular endothelial cells stimulated by inflammatory tenocytes via modulating the NLRP3 pathway
- Cord-lamina angle and foraminal diameter as key predictors of C5 palsy after anterior cervical decompression and fusion surgery
- GATA1: A key biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
- Influencing factors of false lumen thrombosis in type B aortic dissection: A single-center retrospective study
- MZB1 regulates the immune microenvironment and inhibits ovarian cancer cell migration
- Integrating experimental and network pharmacology to explore the pharmacological mechanisms of Dioscin against glioblastoma
- Trends in research on preterm birth in twin pregnancy based on bibliometrics
- Four-week IgE/baseline IgE ratio combined with tryptase predicts clinical outcome in omalizumab-treated children with moderate-to-severe asthma
- Single-cell transcriptomic analysis identifies a stress response Schwann cell subtype
- Acute pancreatitis risk in the diagnosis and management of inflammatory bowel disease: A critical focus
- Effect of subclinical esketamine on NLRP3 and cognitive dysfunction in elderly ischemic stroke patients
- Interleukin-37 mediates the anti-oral tumor activity in oral cancer through STAT3
- CA199 and CEA expression levels, and minimally invasive postoperative prognosis analysis in esophageal squamous carcinoma patients
- Efficacy of a novel drainage catheter in the treatment of CSF leak after posterior spine surgery: A retrospective cohort study
- Comprehensive biomedicine assessment of Apteranthes tuberculata extracts: Phytochemical analysis and multifaceted pharmacological evaluation in animal models
- Relation of time in range to severity of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study
- Dopamine attenuates ethanol-induced neuronal apoptosis by stimulating electrical activity in the developing rat retina
- Correlation between albumin levels during the third trimester and the risk of postpartum levator ani muscle rupture
- Factors associated with maternal attention and distraction during breastfeeding and childcare: A cross-sectional study in the west of Iran
- Mechanisms of hesperetin in treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatosis liver disease via network pharmacology and in vitro experiments
- The law on oncological oblivion in the Italian and European context: How to best uphold the cancer patients’ rights to privacy and self-determination?
- The prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and prognostic nutritional index for survival in patients with colorectal cancer
- Factors affecting the measurements of peripheral oxygen saturation values in healthy young adults
- Comparison and correlations between findings of hysteroscopy and vaginal color Doppler ultrasonography for detection of uterine abnormalities in patients with recurrent implantation failure
- The effects of different types of RAGT on balance function in stroke patients with low levels of independent walking in a convalescent rehabilitation hospital
- Causal relationship between asthma and ankylosing spondylitis: A bidirectional two-sample univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization study
- Correlations of health literacy with individuals’ understanding and use of medications in Southern Taiwan
- Correlation of serum calprotectin with outcome of acute cerebral infarction
- Comparison of computed tomography and guided bronchoscopy in the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- Curdione protects vascular endothelial cells and atherosclerosis via the regulation of DNMT1-mediated ERBB4 promoter methylation
- The identification of novel missense variant in ChAT gene in a patient with gestational diabetes denotes plausible genetic association
- Molecular genotyping of multi-system rare blood types in foreign blood donors based on DNA sequencing and its clinical significance
- Exploring the role of succinyl carnitine in the association between CD39⁺ CD4⁺ T cell and ulcerative colitis: A Mendelian randomization study
- Dexmedetomidine suppresses microglial activation in postoperative cognitive dysfunction via the mmu-miRNA-125/TRAF6 signaling axis
- Analysis of serum metabolomics in patients with different types of chronic heart failure
- Diagnostic value of hematological parameters in the early diagnosis of acute cholecystitis
- Pachymaran alleviates fat accumulation, hepatocyte degeneration, and injury in mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
- Decrease in CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes are predictors of severe clinical picture and unfavorable outcome of the disease in patients with COVID-19
- METTL3 blocked the progression of diabetic retinopathy through m6A-modified SOX2
- The predictive significance of anti-RO-52 antibody in patients with interstitial pneumonia after treatment of malignant tumors
- Exploring cerebrospinal fluid metabolites, cognitive function, and brain atrophy: Insights from Mendelian randomization
- Development and validation of potential molecular subtypes and signatures of ocular sarcoidosis based on autophagy-related gene analysis
- Widespread venous thrombosis: Unveiling a complex case of Behçet’s disease with a literature perspective
- Uterine fibroid embolization: An analysis of clinical outcomes and impact on patients’ quality of life
- Discovery of lipid metabolism-related diagnostic biomarkers and construction of diagnostic model in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head
- Serum-derived exomiR-188-3p is a promising novel biomarker for early-stage ovarian cancer
- Enhancing chronic back pain management: A comparative study of ultrasound–MRI fusion guidance for paravertebral nerve block
- Peptide CCAT1-70aa promotes hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation and invasion via the MAPK/ERK pathway
- Electroacupuncture-induced reduction of myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury via FTO-dependent m6A methylation modulation
- Hemorrhoids and cardiovascular disease: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
- Cell-free adipose extract inhibits hypertrophic scar formation through collagen remodeling and antiangiogenesis
- HALP score in Demodex blepharitis: A case–control study
- Assessment of SOX2 performance as a marker for circulating cancer stem-like cells (CCSCs) identification in advanced breast cancer patients using CytoTrack system
- Risk and prognosis for brain metastasis in primary metastatic cervical cancer patients: A population-based study
- Comparison of the two intestinal anastomosis methods in pediatric patients
- Factors influencing hematological toxicity and adverse effects of perioperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal vs intraperitoneal chemotherapy in gastrointestinal cancer
- Endotoxin tolerance inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages of septic mice by restoring autophagic flux through TRIM26
- Lateral transperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy: A single-centre experience of 21 procedures
- Petunidin attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced retinal microglia inflammatory response in diabetic retinopathy by targeting OGT/NF-κB/LCN2 axis
- Procalcitonin and C-reactive protein as biomarkers for diagnosing and assessing the severity of acute cholecystitis
- Factors determining the number of sessions in successful extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy patients
- Development of a nomogram for predicting cancer-specific survival in patients with renal pelvic cancer following surgery
- Inhibition of ATG7 promotes orthodontic tooth movement by regulating the RANKL/OPG ratio under compression force
- A machine learning-based prognostic model integrating mRNA stemness index, hypoxia, and glycolysis‑related biomarkers for colorectal cancer
- 10.1515/med-2025-1282
- Review Articles
- The effects of enhanced external counter-pulsation on post-acute sequelae of COVID-19: A narrative review
- Diabetes-related cognitive impairment: Mechanisms, symptoms, and treatments
- Microscopic changes and gross morphology of placenta in women affected by gestational diabetes mellitus in dietary treatment: A systematic review
- Review of mechanisms and frontier applications in IL-17A-induced hypertension
- Research progress on the correlation between islet amyloid peptides and type 2 diabetes mellitus
- The safety and efficacy of BCG combined with mitomycin C compared with BCG monotherapy in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
- The application of augmented reality in robotic general surgery: A mini-review
- The effect of Greek mountain tea extract and wheat germ extract on peripheral blood flow and eicosanoid metabolism in mammals
- Neurogasobiology of migraine: Carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide, and nitric oxide as emerging pathophysiological trinacrium relevant to nociception regulation
- Plant polyphenols, terpenes, and terpenoids in oral health
- Laboratory medicine between technological innovation, rights safeguarding, and patient safety: A bioethical perspective
- End-of-life in cancer patients: Medicolegal implications and ethical challenges in Europe
- The maternal factors during pregnancy for intrauterine growth retardation: An umbrella review
- Intra-abdominal hypertension/abdominal compartment syndrome of pediatric patients in critical care settings
- PI3K/Akt pathway and neuroinflammation in sepsis-associated encephalopathy
- Screening of Group B Streptococcus in pregnancy: A systematic review for the laboratory detection
- Giant borderline ovarian tumours – review of the literature
- Leveraging artificial intelligence for collaborative care planning: Innovations and impacts in shared decision-making – A systematic review
- Cholera epidemiology analysis through the experience of the 1973 Naples epidemic
- Risk factors of frailty/sarcopenia in community older adults: Meta-analysis
- Case Reports
- Delayed graft function after renal transplantation
- Semaglutide treatment for type 2 diabetes in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia: A case report and review of the literature
- Diverse electrophysiological demyelinating features in a late-onset glycogen storage disease type IIIa case
- Giant right atrial hemangioma presenting with ascites: A case report
- Laser excision of a large granular cell tumor of the vocal cord with subglottic extension: A case report
- EsoFLIP-assisted dilation for dysphagia in systemic sclerosis: Highlighting the role of multimodal esophageal evaluation
- Rapid Communication
- Biological properties of valve materials using RGD and EC
- Letter to the Editor
- Role of enhanced external counterpulsation in long COVID
- Expression of Concern
- Expression of concern “A ceRNA network mediated by LINC00475 in papillary thyroid carcinoma”
- Expression of concern “Notoginsenoside R1 alleviates spinal cord injury through the miR-301a/KLF7 axis to activate Wnt/β-catenin pathway”
- Expression of concern “circ_0020123 promotes cell proliferation and migration in lung adenocarcinoma via PDZD8”
- Corrigendum
- Corrigendum to “Empagliflozin improves aortic injury in obese mice by regulating fatty acid metabolism”
- Corrigendum to “Comparing the therapeutic efficacy of endoscopic minimally invasive surgery and traditional surgery for early-stage breast cancer: A meta-analysis”
- Corrigendum to “The progress of autoimmune hepatitis research and future challenges”
- Retraction
- Retraction of “miR-654-5p promotes gastric cancer progression via the GPRIN1/NF-κB pathway”
- Special Issue Advancements in oncology: bridging clinical and experimental research - Part II
- Unveiling novel biomarkers for platinum chemoresistance in ovarian cancer
- Lathyrol affects the expression of AR and PSA and inhibits the malignant behavior of RCC cells
- The era of increasing cancer survivorship: Trends in fertility preservation, medico-legal implications, and ethical challenges
- Bone scintigraphy and positron emission tomography in the early diagnosis of MRONJ
- Meta-analysis of clinical efficacy and safety of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer
- Special Issue Computational Intelligence Methodologies Meets Recurrent Cancers - Part IV
- Exploration of mRNA-modifying METTL3 oncogene as momentous prognostic biomarker responsible for colorectal cancer development
- Special Issue The evolving saga of RNAs from bench to bedside - Part III
- Interaction and verification of ferroptosis-related RNAs Rela and Stat3 in promoting sepsis-associated acute kidney injury
- The mRNA MOXD1: Link to oxidative stress and prognostic significance in gastric cancer
- Special Issue Exploring the biological mechanism of human diseases based on MultiOmics Technology - Part II
- Dynamic changes in lactate-related genes in microglia and their role in immune cell interactions after ischemic stroke
- A prognostic model correlated with fatty acid metabolism in Ewing’s sarcoma based on bioinformatics analysis
- Special Issue Diabetes
- Nutritional risk assessment and nutritional support in children with congenital diabetes during surgery
- Correlation of the differential expressions of RANK, RANKL, and OPG with obesity in the elderly population in Xinjiang
- A discussion on the application of fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography in the research of cognitive dysfunction in diabetes
- A review of brain research on T2DM-related cognitive dysfunction
- Special Issue Biomarker Discovery and Precision Medicine
- CircASH1L-mediated tumor progression in triple-negative breast cancer: PI3K/AKT pathway mechanisms
