Startseite Antidiabetes and Antioxidant agents from Clausena excavata root as medicinal plant of Myanmar
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Antidiabetes and Antioxidant agents from Clausena excavata root as medicinal plant of Myanmar

  • T. M. Thant , N. S. Aminah EMAIL logo , A. N. Kristanti , R. Ramadhan , H. T. Aung und Y. Takaya
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 31. Dezember 2019
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Open Chemistry
Aus der Zeitschrift Open Chemistry Band 17 Heft 1

Abstract

All around the world, patients with diabetes and the prevalence of its disease are currently growing. Due to these side effects of oral hypoglycemic agents and oxidative stress in complicating diabetes, there is growing interest in drugs, which possess dual function as both type II diabetes mellitus treatment and oxidative stress treatment. The objective of this research is to search effective antidiabetes and antioxidant bioactive compounds from the Myanmar medicinal plant Clausena excavata. The root part of C. excavata was successfully extracted with 95% ethanol and followed by column chromatographic separation technique. The structure of isolated pure compounds was elucidated by using methods of spectroscopic such as UV-Vis, IR, NMR and HRFABMS spectrometry. The α-glucosidase inhibition assay was performed against baker’s yeast and rat intestine (sucrose and maltase) α-glucosidases. The activity of isolated compounds’ antioxidant was measured by using DPPH assay. Among the tested enzymes, the two isolated compounds, which were dentatin (1) and heptaphylline (2), exhibited highest inhibitory on maltase enzymes with IC50 values 6.75 and 11.46 μM; as positive control, acarbose (IC50, 2.35 μM) was utilized. Moreover, scavenging activity was found to be present upon seeing the result of antioxidant activity investigation of (1) and (2) (IC50 values 2.66 and 1.55 mM), where ascorbic acid (IC50 0.012 mM) was used as standard. Both compounds showed their antidiabetic and antioxidant activity with different fashion, especially exhibited strongest activity against on maltase α-glucosidase.

Keywords: Clausena excavata; dentatin; heptaphylline; α-glucosidase; antidiabetes; antioxidant; DPPH

1 Introduction

In general, diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder that could be serious and lethal. It is characterized by relative or absolute insufficiencies which occurs either when the body cannot effectively use the insulin (a hormone that regulates blood glucose) it produces, or when the pancreas does not produce adequate insulin [1]. World Health Organization (WHO) recognized three types of diabetes mellitus such as, (i) type 1 diabetes (insulin-dependent) (ii) type 2 diabetes (non-insulin-dependent) and (iii) gestational diabetes. One of the most frequent effects of uncontrolled diabetes is raised blood glucose. It could lead to fatal damages to the blood vessels, nerves, eyes, kidneys and eventually the heart [1, 2]. Diabetes is not only lethal but it is also the major cause of blindness, heart attacks, kidney failure, strokes, gangrene, and neuropathy especially for adults [3]. The patients of diabetes who also live with the prevalence of the disease are growing in the whole world. There were 422 million diabetic adults (or about 8.5% of the world’s population) in 2014. The number increased highly compared to the year of 1980 with 108 million of diabetic adults (4.7% of the world’s population) [4].

One inevitable consequence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is Hyperglycemia. The symptom is marked by high level of blood sugar and it is said to be the most destructive effect associated with T2DM. The high level of blood sugar stimulates glucose auto-oxidation so that free radicals could be formed. The presence of free radicals lead to macro and microvascular dysfunction and polyneuropathy since it is exceeding the scavenging abilities of endogenous antioxidant defenses [5]. There are many harms that could be cause by free radicals such as damaging DNA, proteins, cellular molecules, and lipids that further could lead to altered cellular functions. In fact, recently there are numerous studies that reveal the capability of antioxidants in neutralizing free radicals effectively. For instance, animals induced with diabetes through experiments are able to prevent themselves in developing the disease. Moreover, it is also effective in reducing the severity of diabetic complications [6].

Even though there are several drugs to tightly regulate blood glucose, to reduce microvascular and macrovascular complications, the main undesirable effects of this antidiabetic drug that are currently available are brain damage, swelling, erythema, abdominal pain, weight gain, metallic taste, vitamin B12 deficiency, heart failure and gastro intestinal disturbances. Due to these side effects of oral hypoglycemic agents and oxidative stress in complicating diabetes, there is growing interest in herbal medicament as one of the methods to cure T2DM and oxidative stress [7].

Besides insulin, there are other already-developed drugs that help the body lower blood glucose levels, such as insulin secretagogues, insulin sensitizers, α-glucosidase inhibitors, peptide analogues, dipeptidylpeptidase-4 inhibitors and glucagon like peptide-1. However, these synthetic medications possess dangerous side effects, which include hypoglycemia, nausea, diarrhea, gastrointestinal discomfort, weight gain, liver disease, heart failure, etc. [2]. Natural products emerge as one promising area in the activity of drug developments given that the secondary metabolite derived from plants and animals are proven effective to be healing agents for various diseases. The secondary metabolites of the plants, grant the natural defense mechanisms against pathogens, predators, as well as self-protection against herbivores and microbes [8].

The currently available modern medicines have numerous harmful effects. Therefore, to develop safe and effective medications for patients of diabetes is undeniably needed. Plants are endowed with safe and effective natural ability as medications, proven since the ancient times where plants have been an exemplary source of medicine. After preclinical and clinical evaluation, various plants are proven to possess significant characteristics of antidiabetic property. Moreover, many phytoconstituents (compounds that are responsible for antidiabetic effects) have been isolated from plants in the past few years [9].

A shrub named C. excavata Burm. f. (Rutaceae) is mainly distributed in southern and southeastern Asia, including Myanmar. It is usually known as ‘SatPu Khar Yar’ by Myanmar people while the roots are commonly used as medications for colds, fever, headache, cough, malaria colic, sores, wounds, rhinitis, and detoxification. The plant possesses bioactive constituents which are mainly reported to be carbazole alkaloids [10, 11, 12], coumarins [13, 14, 15] along with a little amount of triterpenoids [16], limonoids [17] and pyrano coumarin [18]. The bioactivities, such as antiplatelet, antiplasmodial, antimicrobial, antitumor, anti-HIV, antimycobacterial and antifungal activities, of coumarins and carbazoles, have been reported from a different plant part and location [19], but there was not yet reported secondary metabolites from Myanmar C. excavata and their antidiabetic and antioxidant activity. In this research, we isolated constituents from C. excavata and evaluated their antidiabetic activity that was measured by an α-glucosidase inhibition assay. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity was done by DPPH assay. The highest inhibition activity against maltase α-glucosidases was shown from the two isolated compounds especially against on maltase α-glucosidases.

2 Experimental Section

2.1 Plant material

In October 2016, the researchers collected the roots of C. excavata from Pyin Ma Nar Township, Mandalay Division, Myanmar [18]. Afterwards, the plant materials were sent to Mandalay University, Myanmar, to be identified by Prof. Soe Myint Aye, a botanist from Department of Botany of Mandalay University.

2.2 Extraction and isolation

Over a period of two weeks, as much as 3.6 kg of the dried roots were consecutively extracted with 95% EtOH (12.0 L) at room temperature. Once the solvent was removed by evaporation, as much as 156g of dark gummy extracts was obtained. As much as 100g of the extracts was effectively partitioned three times using n-hex and methanol solvents with ratio 1:1(v/v). Afterward, as much as 80.4g of methanol portion was subjected to vacuum liquid chromatography over silica gel that has been eluted with different mixtures of n-hexane: ethylacetate by gradually increasing gradient polarity. Ultimately, there were 7 combined fractions (MF-1 to -7) obtained from the process. One of the sub fractions namely sub fraction MF-1 was fractionated by silica gel column eluted with gradient polarity n-hexane : ethylacetate, (0-10% EtOAc). From it, three sub fractions (MF1.1 to MF-1.3) including pure compound (1, 368 mg) were obtained. Finally, fraction MF-1.1 (1.3 g) was purified on silica gel column eluted with gradient polarity n-hexane : ethylacetate, (0-5% EtOAc) and thereafter produced pure compound (2, 98 mg).

2.3 General procedure

1D and 2D NMR tests were performed on a Bruker 600 MHz (1H) and 151 MHz (13C) in solvent CDCl3. The report of chemical shifts was shown in ppm as referenced to solvent residues (CDCl3, δH 7.26 ppm and δC 77.0 ppm). Fisher-Johns Melting Apparatus was utilized to determine melting points. Infrared spectra were recorded on KBr disks on IRTracer-100, ν in cm–1. UV spectra and antioxidant assay (DPPH) were measured with UV-1800 spectrophotometer. Vacuum liquid chromatography and analytical preparative thin layer chromatography were performed by using Kieselgel 60 (F254, Merck). Merck Kieselgel 60 (40-63 μm) was employed for column chromatography. Sigma Aldrich supplied rat intestinal acetone powder and baker’s yeast. Inhibition of α-glucosidase was measured with a TECAN Infinite 50 microplate reader spectrophotometer, whereas the spectrophotometric measurement of yeast was conducted using iMarkTM microplate reader.

2.4 α-Glucosidase inhibitory activities

The inhibition of α-glucosidase was examined using a method explained by Ramadhan et al. [20]. The aforementioned protocol was used to determine the inhibitory reaction of these isolated compounds against maltase from rat intestine and sucrase. 20 μL of raw enzyme solution, 80 μL of glucose kit, and buffer of phosphate with 0.1 M of molarity that consists of 10 μL of buffer (pH 6.9, 30 μL) and 20 μL of the substrate solution (10mM maltose and 100 mM sucrose). The released glucose concentration was identified by the method of glucose oxidase with a glu-kit. After that, this reaction mixture was incubated at 37°C. Maltase was incubated for 10 minutes, whereas sucrose was incubated for 40 minutes. The glucose oxidase method was employed using a glu-kit to detect the glucose concentration released from the action mixture (Human, Germany). Enzyme activity was calculated through absorbance measurement at 503 nm. The reaction inhibition percentage was determined using [(A0-A1)/A0]× 100, in which A0 refers to sample-less absorbance, while A1 refers to absorbance with sample. A graph of inhibition percentage against concentration of inhibition was used to determine the value of IC50. The standard control was Acarbose® and the test was conducted in duplicate. Moreover, to determine the inhibition of all isolated compounds against yeast, the method used by Damsud et al. [21] was applied with a slight modification. 10 μL of sample and yeast (0.4 U/ml) was mixed in 1 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.9) and shook with microplate shaker for about 2 min and pre-incubated for 10 minutes at 37°C. 50 μL of p-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (PNPG) was added to the reaction mixture. Then, the mixture was put in the incubator for 20 minutes at 37°C. After the incubation, Na2CO3 (100 μL) was added to the reaction in order to quench it. The p-nitrophenoxide that was released from PNPG was identified by iMark microplate reader at 405 nm. The equation mentioned above was employed to calculate the percentage of inhibition.

2.5 DPPH radical scavenging assay

DPPH radical scavenging activity of isolated pure compounds was performed using the method employed by Aminah et al. [22]. In this method, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) reagent was utilized as free radicals. The reducing ability of antioxidants towards DPPH was evaluated by monitoring the decrease of its absorbance at 523 nm by UV spectrometer. Firstly, isolated compound was dissolved with methanol. It was then added with buffer acetate solution with the molarity of 0.1 M and a pH of 5.5 as well as 5.10-4 M DPPH radical solution. The dissolution was done to determine antioxidant activity. With a spectrometer at 523 nm, isolated compounds inhibition against DPPH radical was observed following 30 minute incubation at 25°C. The percentage of inhibition activity was quantified using this equation: [(Acontrol – Asample )/ Acontrol × 100 ]. In this equation, Acontrol refers to the stable DPPH radical’s initial concentration in the absence of the test compound. Meanwhile, Asample shows the absorbance of the residual DPPH concentration with methanol. The values of IC50 (mM) were calculated using a plotted graph of extract concentration versus scavenging; IC50 refers to the complete sum of antioxidant needed to lower the initial concentration of DPPH radical by fifty percent.

Ethical approval: The conducted research is not related to either human or animal use.

3 Results and Discussion

Compound (1) yielded as white prism like crystal with melting points 93–94 °C. According from HR-FABMS spectrum it show molecular formula C20H22O4 (m=z 327.1597 [M + H]+ (calcd. for C20H22O4, 327.1596). The presence of aromatic (1641, 1590, 1469 cm-1) groups and conjugated lactone (1686 cm-1) was denoted by IR spectrum. Due to 7-oxygenated coumarin, absorption maxima were exhibited by the spectrum of UV at 330 and 272 nm. The 1H-NMR spectrum of compound (1) showed 9 signals and representing 27 protons it pattern is similar to nordentatin only one methoxy signal at δ 3.83 (s, 3H). As a typical pyrano coumarin, compound (1) showed the presence of two pyrone protons δ 6.19 (d, J = 9.6 Hz, 1H, H-3) and 7.87 (d, J = 9.6 Hz, 1H, H-4). The presence of chromene ring was showed by two olefinic proton pair δ 5.69 (d, J = 9.9 Hz, 1H, H-7) and 6.56 (d, J = 9.9 Hz, 1H, H-6). The prenyl group exomethylene protons was showed by δ 6.30 (dd, J = 17.4, 10.6 Hz, 1H, H-12), δ 4.94 (dd, J = 17.4, 1.1 Hz, 1H, H-13), δ 4.88(dd, J = 10.6, 1.1 Hz, 1H, H-13). Moreover the existence of 1,1-dimethyl groups was revealed by two singlet peaks δ 1.45 (s, 6H) and δ 1.66 (s, 6H) (Table S1).The13C NMR data revealed the presence of lactone carbonyl with δ (160.7), together with 8 quaternary carbons, 5 methine carbons, one sp2 methylene, one methoxy carbon and 4 methly carbons (Figure S2). After carefully checked all NMR data and matched with literature values compound (1) was elucidated as dentatin (Figure 1) [11].

Figure 1 The structure of isolated compounds 1 and 2 from C. excavata.
Figure 1

The structure of isolated compounds 1 and 2 from C. excavata.

Compound (2) afforded as yellow green crystal UV (MeOH), λmax (logε) 342 (0.97), 298(3.32), 278(3.02), 249(1.64), 235(2.26). Compound (2)’s IR spectrum pointed out that -OH and -NH functional groups at (3437 cm-1) and carbonyl and aromatic benzene groups at (1728, 1612 and 1588 cm-1) were present. In the spectrum of 1H NMR, compound (2) revealed a total of 11 signals representing 14 protons. In the down field region three singlets; intramolecular bonding OH-(δ 11.66) with –CHO (δ 9.91) and one broad signal due to –NH (δ 8.21) and another singlet proton H-4(δ 8.03).In the aromatic region four signals with δ values, 7.97 (dd, J = 7.7 Hz, 1H, H-5) 7.26 (td, J=3.8, 7.7Hz, 1H, H-6), 7.40 (td, J=3.8, 7.7Hz, 1H, H-7) and 7.41 (dd, J = 7.7,3.8 Hz, 1H, H-8) showed the absence of substituent in ring A. the presence of prenyl group was revealed by one methylene protons at δ 3.64(d, J=6.9Hz,2H,H-9), δ 5.33 (t, J= 6.9Hz,1H,H-10) and one dimethyl group (δ 1.91(s,3H,H-12), δ 1.78(s, 3H,H-13). According to the spectra of 13C NMR and DEPT, it was revealed that there were 18 signals and 18 carbons. Furthermore, the DEPT spectrum showed the presence of one aldehyde carbon, 8 quaternary carbons, 6 methine carbons, one methylene carbon, and two methyl carbon as shown in (Table 2). The 2D NMR spectra such as DQF-COSY data revealed the correlation of two adjacent protons (Figure S9). The HSQC spectrum gave the direct correlation protons and carbon. Finally, the combination of fragments and attachments of substituents were confirmed by HMBC data (Table S2) (Figure S1) and compound (2) was elucidated as heptaphylline (Figure 1). It was also reliable with the data which reported earlier [11].

Every isolated compound was utilized by α-glucosidase assay to detect antidiabetes activity and also by DPPH assay to detect antioxidant activity. Based on the tested compounds, dentatin (1) and heptaphylline (2) displayed inhibition against on maltase and yeast α-glucosidase that have IC50 values of (6.75, 11.46 μM) and (0.482, 24.96 mM) respectively. However, compound (1) showed no inhibition whereas compound (2) IC50 value 223.9 (μM) against on sucrase enzymes (Table 1). According to this data, compound (1) exhibited 2-fold more potent than compound (2) but 3-fold less potent than standard control, acarbose (IC50 2.35 μM) against on maltase α-glucosidase. Each isolated compound demonstrated antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 2.66, and 1.55 mM respectively. The results showed that the compound (1) is higher inhibitory than compound (2) against on maltase and yeast enzymes.

Table 1

α-Glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of isolated compounds (1-2).

Compoundα-GlucosidaseDPPH IC50 (mM)
Baker’s yeast IC50 (mM)Maltase IC50 (μM)*Sucrase IC50 (μM)*
10.4818436.75NI**2.66
224.964111.46223.911.55
Acarbose0.10302.3515.48-
Ascorbic acid---0.0118

  1. * Nonlinear regression analyzes were evaluated by SigmaPlot 12.5

4 Conclusion

In searching antidiabetic and antioxidant agents from Myanmar medicinal plant C. eacavata root ethanolic extract lead to the isolation of two known bioactive compounds namely dentatin (1) and heptaphylline (2). Each isolated compound was evaluated on its antidiabetic activity and antioxidant activity by employing α-glucosidase inhibition and DPPH assays, respectively. Both compound (1) and compound (2) demonstrated the highest activity of inhibition against maltase (IC50 6.75 μM), (IC50 11.46 μM) respectively. Nevertheless, compound (1) and compound (2) showed that there was inhibition on yeast α-glucosidase in the presence of IC50 values of 0.482 and 24.96 mM. Furthermore, each isolated compound displayed antioxidant activity; the IC50 values were 2.66 and 1.55 mM (ascorbic acid, IC50 0.012 mM). The study showed both compounds demonstrated inhibition against α-glucosidases and free radical scavenging activity. Compound (1) showed a stronger activity. Hence, isolated compound (1) from C excavata root can be a prospective candidate for natural antidiabetes and antioxidant agent.

Acknowledgement

We would like to thank Airlangga Development Scholarship (ADS) and “RISET MANDAT GRANT 2018 of Universitas Airlangga” that have funded this research.

  1. Conflict of interest: Authors state no conflict of interest.

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Received: 2018-11-27
Accepted: 2019-02-27
Published Online: 2019-12-31

© 2019 T. M. Thant et al., published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Public License.

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  59. Biodiesel Production by Lipids From Indonesian strain of Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris
  60. Miscibility studies of polystyrene/polyvinyl chloride blend in presence of organoclay
  61. Antibacterial Activities of Transition Metal complexes of Mesocyclic Amidine 1,4-diazacycloheptane (DACH)
  62. Novel 1,8-Naphthyridine Derivatives: Design, Synthesis and in vitro screening of their cytotoxic activity against MCF7 cell line
  63. Investigation of Stress Corrosion Cracking Behaviour of Mg-Al-Zn Alloys in Different pH Environments by SSRT Method
  64. Various Combinations of Flame Retardants for Poly (vinyl chloride)
  65. Phenolic compounds and biological activities of rye (Secale cereale L.) grains
  66. Oxidative degradation of gentamicin present in water by an electro-Fenton process and biodegradability improvement
  67. Optimizing Suitable Conditions for the Removal of Ammonium Nitrogen by a Microbe Isolated from Chicken Manure
  68. Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, and antioxidant activities of Haloxylon salicornicum aqueous fraction
  69. The anti-corrosion behaviour of Satureja montana L. extract on iron in NaCl solution
  70. Interleukin-4, hemopexin, and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 are significantly increased in patients with unstable carotid plaque
  71. A comparative study of the crystal structures of 2-(4-(2-(4-(3-chlorophenyl)pipera -zinyl)ethyl) benzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione by synchrotron radiation X-ray powder diffraction and single-crystal X-ray diffraction
  72. Conceptual DFT as a Novel Chemoinformatics Tool for Studying the Chemical Reactivity Properties of the Amatoxin Family of Fungal Peptides
  73. Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk-based Mithae samples from Pakistan
  74. Kinetics of Iron Removal From Ti-Extraction Blast Furnace Slag by Chlorination Calcination
  75. Increasing the activity of DNAzyme based on the telomeric sequence: 2’-OMe-RNA and LNA modifications
  76. Exploring the optoelectronic properties of a chromene-appended pyrimidone derivative for photovoltaic applications
  77. Effect of He Qi San on DNA Methylation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Phlegm-blood Stasis Syndrome
  78. Cyclodextrin potentiometric sensors based on selective recognition sites for procainamide: Comparative and theoretical study
  79. Greener synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from carbon dioxide and methanol using a tunable ionic liquid catalyst
  80. Nonisothermal Cold Crystallization Kinetics of Poly(lactic acid)/Bacterial Poly(hydroxyoctanoate) (PHO)/Talc
  81. Enhanced adsorption of sulfonamide antibiotics in water by modified biochar derived from bagasse
  82. Study on the Mechanism of Shugan Xiaozhi Fang on Cells with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
  83. Comparative Effects of Salt and Alkali Stress on Antioxidant System in Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Leaves
  84. Optimization of chromatographic systems for analysis of selected psychotropic drugs and their metabolites in serum and saliva by HPLC in order to monitor therapeutic drugs
  85. Electrocatalytic Properties of Ni-Doped BaFe12O19 for Oxygen Evolution in Alkaline Solution
  86. Study on the removal of high contents of ammonium from piggery wastewater by clinoptilolite and the corresponding mechanisms
  87. Phytochemistry and toxicological assessment of Bryonia dioica roots used in north-African alternative medicine
  88. The essential oil composition of selected Hemerocallis cultivars and their biological activity
  89. Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Nanocrystalline Nickel Composite Electroforming Deposit
  90. Anti-c-myc efficacy block EGFL7 induced prolactinoma tumorigenesis
  91. Topical Issue on Applications of Mathematics in Chemistry
  92. Zagreb Connection Number Index of Nanotubes and Regular Hexagonal Lattice
  93. The Sanskruti index of trees and unicyclic graphs
  94. Valency-based molecular descriptors of Bakelite network BNmn
  95. Computing Topological Indices for Para-Line Graphs of Anthracene
  96. Zagreb Polynomials and redefined Zagreb indices of Dendrimers and Polyomino Chains
  97. Topological Descriptor of 2-Dimensional Silicon Carbons and Their Applications
  98. Topological invariants for the line graphs of some classes of graphs
  99. Words for maximal Subgroups of Fi24‘
  100. Generators of Maximal Subgroups of Harada-Norton and some Linear Groups
  101. Special Issue on POKOCHA 2018
  102. Influence of Production Parameters on the Content of Polyphenolic Compounds in Extruded Porridge Enriched with Chokeberry Fruit (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott)
  103. Effects of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction (SC-CO2) on the content of tiliroside in the extracts from Tilia L. flowers
  104. Impact of xanthan gum addition on phenolic acids composition and selected properties of new gluten-free maize-field bean pasta
  105. Impact of storage temperature and time on Moldavian dragonhead oil – spectroscopic and chemometric analysis
  106. The effect of selected substances on the stability of standard solutions in voltammetric analysis of ascorbic acid in fruit juices
  107. Determination of the content of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn in dairy products from various regions of Poland
  108. Special Issue on IC3PE 2018 Conference
  109. The Photocatalytic Activity of Zns-TiO2 on a Carbon Fiber Prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition
  110. N-octyl chitosan derivatives as amphiphilic carrier agents for herbicide formulations
  111. Kinetics and Mechanistic Study of Hydrolysis of Adenosine Monophosphate Disodium Salt (AMPNa2) in Acidic and Alkaline Media
  112. Antimalarial Activity of Andrographis Paniculata Ness‘s N-hexane Extract and Its Major Compounds
  113. Special Issue on ABB2018 Conference
  114. Special Issue on ICCESEN 2017
  115. Theoretical Diagnostics of Second and Third-order Hyperpolarizabilities of Several Acid Derivatives
  116. Determination of Gamma Rays Efficiency Against Rhizoctonia solani in Potatoes
  117. Studies On Compatibilization Of Recycled Polyethylene/Thermoplastic Starch Blends By Using Different Compatibilizer
  118. Liquid−Liquid Extraction of Linalool from Methyl Eugenol with 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Hydrogen Sulfate [EMIM][HSO4] Ionic Liquid
  119. Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Through Ultrasonic Assisted Electrochemical Exfoliation
  120. Special Issue on ISCMP 2018
  121. Synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of some 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives against human cervical cancer cells
  122. The influence of the grafted aryl groups on the solvation properties of the graphyne and graphdiyne - a MD study
  123. Electrochemical modification of platinum and glassy carbon surfaces with pyridine layers and their use as complexing agents for copper (II) ions
  124. Effect of Electrospinning Process on Total Antioxidant Activity of Electrospun Nanofibers Containing Grape Seed Extract
  125. Effect Of Thermal Treatment Of Trepel At Temperature Range 800-1200˚C
  126. Topical Issue on Agriculture
  127. The effect of Cladophora glomerata exudates on the amino acid composition of Cladophora fracta and Rhizoclonium sp.
  128. Influence of the Static Magnetic Field and Algal Extract on the Germination of Soybean Seeds
  129. The use of UV-induced fluorescence for the assessment of homogeneity of granular mixtures
  130. The use of microorganisms as bio-fertilizers in the cultivation of white lupine
  131. Lyophilized apples on flax oil and ethyl esters of flax oil - stability and antioxidant evaluation
  132. Production of phosphorus biofertilizer based on the renewable materials in large laboratory scale
  133. Human health risk assessment of potential toxic elements in paddy soil and rice (Oryza sativa) from Ugbawka fields, Enugu, Nigeria
  134. Recovery of phosphates(V) from wastewaters of different chemical composition
  135. Special Issue on the 4th Green Chemistry 2018
  136. Dead zone for hydrogenation of propylene reaction carried out on commercial catalyst pellets
  137. Improved thermally stable oligoetherols from 6-aminouracil, ethylene carbonate and boric acid
  138. The role of a chemical loop in removal of hazardous contaminants from coke oven wastewater during its treatment
  139. Combating paraben pollution in surface waters with a variety of photocatalyzed systems: Looking for the most efficient technology
  140. Special Issue on Chemistry Today for Tomorrow 2019
  141. Applying Discriminant and Cluster Analyses to Separate Allergenic from Non-allergenic Proteins
  142. Chemometric Expertise Of Clinical Monitoring Data Of Prolactinoma Patients
  143. Chemomertic Risk Assessment of Soil Pollution
  144. New composite sorbent for speciation analysis of soluble chromium in textiles
  145. Photocatalytic activity of NiFe2O4 and Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 modified by Eu(III) and Tb(III) for decomposition of Malachite Green
  146. Photophysical and antibacterial activity of light-activated quaternary eosin Y
  147. Spectral properties and biological activity of La(III) and Nd(III) Monensinates
  148. Special Issue on Monitoring, Risk Assessment and Sustainable Management for the Exposure to Environmental Toxins
  149. Soil organic carbon mineralization in relation to microbial dynamics in subtropical red soils dominated by differently sized aggregates
  150. A potential reusable fluorescent aptasensor based on magnetic nanoparticles for ochratoxin A analysis
  151. Special Issue on 13th JCC 2018
  152. Fluorescence study of 5-nitroisatin Schiff base immobilized on SBA-15 for sensing Fe3+
  153. Thermal and Morphology Properties of Cellulose Nanofiber from TEMPO-oxidized Lower part of Empty Fruit Bunches (LEFB)
  154. Encapsulation of Vitamin C in Sesame Liposomes: Computational and Experimental Studies
  155. A comparative study of the utilization of synthetic foaming agent and aluminum powder as pore-forming agents in lightweight geopolymer synthesis
  156. Synthesis of high surface area mesoporous silica SBA-15 by adjusting hydrothermal treatment time and the amount of polyvinyl alcohol
  157. Review of large-pore mesostructured cellular foam (MCF) silica and its applications
  158. Ion Exchange of Benzoate in Ni-Al-Benzoate Layered Double Hydroxide by Amoxicillin
  159. Synthesis And Characterization Of CoMo/Mordenite Catalyst For Hydrotreatment Of Lignin Compound Models
  160. Production of Biodiesel from Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) using Microwave with CaO Catalyst from Eggshell Waste: Optimization of Transesterification Process Parameters
  161. The Study of the Optical Properties of C60 Fullerene in Different Organic Solvents
  162. Composite Material Consisting of HKUST-1 and Indonesian Activated Natural Zeolite and its Application in CO2 Capture
  163. Topical Issue on Environmental Chemistry
  164. Ionic liquids modified cobalt/ZSM-5 as a highly efficient catalyst for enhancing the selectivity towards KA oil in the aerobic oxidation of cyclohexane
  165. Application of Thermal Resistant Gemini Surfactants in Highly Thixotropic Water-in-oil Drilling Fluid System
  166. Screening Study on Rheological Behavior and Phase Transition Point of Polymer-containing Fluids produced under the Oil Freezing Point Temperature
  167. The Chemical Softening Effect and Mechanism of Low Rank Coal Soaked in Alkaline Solution
  168. The Influence Of NO/O2 On The NOx Storage Properties Over A Pt-Ba-Ce/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst
  169. Special Issue on the International conference CosCI 2018
  170. Design of SiO2/TiO2 that Synergistically Increases The Hydrophobicity of Methyltrimethoxysilane Coated Glass
  171. Antidiabetes and Antioxidant agents from Clausena excavata root as medicinal plant of Myanmar
  172. Development of a Gold Immunochromatographic Assay Method Using Candida Biofilm Antigen as a Bioreceptor for Candidiasis in Rats
  173. Special Issue on Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 2019
  174. Adsorption of copper ions on Magnolia officinalis residues after solid-phase fermentation with Phanerochaete chrysosporium
  175. Erratum
  176. Erratum to: Sand Dune Characterization For Preparing Metallurgical Grade Silicon
https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2019-0056
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Clausena excavata; dentatin; heptaphylline; α-glucosidase; antidiabetes; antioxidant; DPPH
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BY 4.0

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Regular Articles
  2. Research on correlation of compositions with oestrogenic activity of Cistanche based on LC/Q-TOF-MS/MS technology
  3. Efficacy of Pyrus elaeagnifolia subsp. elaeagnifolia in acetic acid–induced colitis model
  4. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive features of Bryonia alba L.: As a possible alternative in treating rheumatism
  5. High efficiency liposome fusion induced by reducing undesired membrane peptides interaction
  6. Prediction of the Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability Using RP-18 Thin Layer Chromatography
  7. Phytic Acid Extracted from Rice Bran as a Growth Promoter for Euglena gracilis
  8. Development of a validated spectrofluorimetric method for assay of sotalol hydrochloride in tablets and human plasma: application for stability-indicating studies
  9. Topological Indices of Hyaluronic Acid-Paclitaxel Conjugates’ Molecular Structure in Cancer Treatment
  10. Thermodynamic properties of the bubble growth process in a pool boiling of water-ethanol mixture two-component system
  11. Critical Roles of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR Signaling Pathway in Apoptosis and Autophagy of Astrocytes Induced by Methamphetamine
  12. Characteristics of Stable Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotopes of Soil Moisture under Different Land Use in Dry Hot Valley of Yuanmou
  13. Specific, highly sensitive and simple spectrofluorimetric method for quantification of daclatasvir in HCV human plasma patients and in tablets dosage form
  14. Chromium-modified cobalt molybdenum nitrides as catalysts for ammonia synthesis
  15. Langerhans cell-like dendritic cells treated with ginsenoside Rh2 regulate the differentiation of Th1 and Th2 cells in vivo
  16. Identification of Powdery Mildew Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici Resistance Genes in Selected Wheat Varieties and Development of Multiplex PCR
  17. Computational Analysis of new Degree-based descriptors of oxide networks
  18. The Use Of Chemical Composition And Additives To Classify Petrol And Diesel Using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry And Chemometric Analysis: A Uk Study
  19. Minimal Energy Tree with 4 Branched Vertices
  20. Jatropha seed oil derived poly(esteramide-urethane)/ fumed silica nanocomposite coatings for corrosion protection
  21. Calculating topological indices of certain OTIS interconnection networks
  22. Energy storage analysis of R125 in UIO-66 and MOF-5 nanoparticles: A molecular simulation study
  23. Velvet Antler compounds targeting major cell signaling pathways in osteosarcoma - a new insight into mediating the process of invasion and metastasis in OS
  24. Effects of Azadirachta Indica Leaf Extract, Capping Agents, on the Synthesis of Pure And Cu Doped ZnO-Nanoparticles: A Green Approach and Microbial Activity
  25. Aqueous Micro-hydration of Na+(H2O)n=1-7 Clusters: DFT Study
  26. A proposed image-based detection of methamidophos pesticide using peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence system
  27. Phytochemical screening and estrogenic activity of total glycosides of Cistanche deserticola
  28. Biological evaluation of a series of benzothiazole derivatives as mosquitocidal agents
  29. Chemical pretreatments of Trapa bispinosa's peel (TBP) biosorbent to enhance adsorption capacity for Pb(ll)
  30. Dynamic Changes in MMP1 and TIMP1 in the Antifibrotic Process of Dahuang Zhechong Pill in Rats with Liver Fibrosis
  31. The Optimization and Production of Ginkgolide B Lipid Microemulsion
  32. Photodynamic Therapy Enhanced the Antitumor Effects of Berberine on HeLa Cells
  33. Chiral and Achiral Enantiomeric Separation of (±)-Alprenolol
  34. Correlation of Water Fluoride with Body Fluids, Dental Fluorosis and FT4, FT3 –TSH Disruption among Children in an Endemic Fluorosis area in Pakistan
  35. A one-step incubation ELISA kit for rapid determination of dibutyl phthalate in water, beverage and liquor
  36. Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Essential Oil of Eugenia caryophylata from Amboina Island and Derivatives of Eugenol
  37. Effects of Blue and Red Light On Growth And Nitrate Metabolism In Pakchoi
  38. miRNA-199a-5p functions as a tumor suppressor in prolactinomas
  39. Solar photodegradation of carbamazepine from aqueous solutions using a compound parabolic concentrator equipped with a sun tracking system
  40. Influence of sub-inhibitory concentration of selected plant essential oils on the physical and biochemical properties of Pseudomonas orientalis
  41. Preparation and spectroscopic studies of Fe(II), Ru(II), Pd(II) and Zn(II) complexes of Schiff base containing terephthalaldehyde and their transfer hydrogenation and Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction
  42. Complex formation in a liquid-liquid extraction-chromogenic system for vanadium(IV)
  43. Synthesis, characterization (IR, 1H, 13C & 31P NMR), fungicidal, herbicidal and molecular docking evaluation of steroid phosphorus compounds
  44. Analysis and Biological Evaluation of Arisaema Amuremse Maxim Essential Oil
  45. A preliminary assessment of potential ecological risk and soil contamination by heavy metals around a cement factory, western Saudi Arabia
  46. Anti- inflammatory effect of Prunus tomentosa Thunb total flavones in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells
  47. Collaborative Influence of Elevated CO2 Concentration and High Temperature on Potato Biomass Accumulation and Characteristics
  48. Methods of extraction, physicochemical properties of alginates and their applications in biomedical field – a review
  49. Characteristics of liposomes derived from egg yolk
  50. Preparation of ternary ZnO/Ag/cellulose and its enhanced photocatalytic degradation property on phenol and benzene in VOCs
  51. Influence of Human Serum Albumin Glycation on the Binding Affinities for Natural Flavonoids
  52. Synthesis and antioxidant activity of 2-methylthio-pyrido[3,2-e][1,2,4] triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines
  53. Comparative study on the antioxidant activities of ten common flower teas from China
  54. Molecular Properties of Symmetrical Networks Using Topological Polynomials
  55. Synthesis of Co3O4 Nano Aggregates by Co-precipitation Method and its Catalytic and Fuel Additive Applications
  56. Phytochemical analysis, Antioxidant and Antiprotoscolices potential of ethanol extracts of selected plants species against Echinococcus granulosus: In-vitro study
  57. Silver nanoparticles enhanced fluorescence for sensitive determination of fluoroquinolones in water solutions
  58. Simultaneous Quantification of the New Psychoactive Substances 3-FMC, 3-FPM, 4-CEC, and 4-BMC in Human Blood using GC-MS
  59. Biodiesel Production by Lipids From Indonesian strain of Microalgae Chlorella vulgaris
  60. Miscibility studies of polystyrene/polyvinyl chloride blend in presence of organoclay
  61. Antibacterial Activities of Transition Metal complexes of Mesocyclic Amidine 1,4-diazacycloheptane (DACH)
  62. Novel 1,8-Naphthyridine Derivatives: Design, Synthesis and in vitro screening of their cytotoxic activity against MCF7 cell line
  63. Investigation of Stress Corrosion Cracking Behaviour of Mg-Al-Zn Alloys in Different pH Environments by SSRT Method
  64. Various Combinations of Flame Retardants for Poly (vinyl chloride)
  65. Phenolic compounds and biological activities of rye (Secale cereale L.) grains
  66. Oxidative degradation of gentamicin present in water by an electro-Fenton process and biodegradability improvement
  67. Optimizing Suitable Conditions for the Removal of Ammonium Nitrogen by a Microbe Isolated from Chicken Manure
  68. Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, and antioxidant activities of Haloxylon salicornicum aqueous fraction
  69. The anti-corrosion behaviour of Satureja montana L. extract on iron in NaCl solution
  70. Interleukin-4, hemopexin, and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 are significantly increased in patients with unstable carotid plaque
  71. A comparative study of the crystal structures of 2-(4-(2-(4-(3-chlorophenyl)pipera -zinyl)ethyl) benzyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione by synchrotron radiation X-ray powder diffraction and single-crystal X-ray diffraction
  72. Conceptual DFT as a Novel Chemoinformatics Tool for Studying the Chemical Reactivity Properties of the Amatoxin Family of Fungal Peptides
  73. Occurrence of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk-based Mithae samples from Pakistan
  74. Kinetics of Iron Removal From Ti-Extraction Blast Furnace Slag by Chlorination Calcination
  75. Increasing the activity of DNAzyme based on the telomeric sequence: 2’-OMe-RNA and LNA modifications
  76. Exploring the optoelectronic properties of a chromene-appended pyrimidone derivative for photovoltaic applications
  77. Effect of He Qi San on DNA Methylation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Phlegm-blood Stasis Syndrome
  78. Cyclodextrin potentiometric sensors based on selective recognition sites for procainamide: Comparative and theoretical study
  79. Greener synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from carbon dioxide and methanol using a tunable ionic liquid catalyst
  80. Nonisothermal Cold Crystallization Kinetics of Poly(lactic acid)/Bacterial Poly(hydroxyoctanoate) (PHO)/Talc
  81. Enhanced adsorption of sulfonamide antibiotics in water by modified biochar derived from bagasse
  82. Study on the Mechanism of Shugan Xiaozhi Fang on Cells with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
  83. Comparative Effects of Salt and Alkali Stress on Antioxidant System in Cotton (Gossypium Hirsutum L.) Leaves
  84. Optimization of chromatographic systems for analysis of selected psychotropic drugs and their metabolites in serum and saliva by HPLC in order to monitor therapeutic drugs
  85. Electrocatalytic Properties of Ni-Doped BaFe12O19 for Oxygen Evolution in Alkaline Solution
  86. Study on the removal of high contents of ammonium from piggery wastewater by clinoptilolite and the corresponding mechanisms
  87. Phytochemistry and toxicological assessment of Bryonia dioica roots used in north-African alternative medicine
  88. The essential oil composition of selected Hemerocallis cultivars and their biological activity
  89. Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Nanocrystalline Nickel Composite Electroforming Deposit
  90. Anti-c-myc efficacy block EGFL7 induced prolactinoma tumorigenesis
  91. Topical Issue on Applications of Mathematics in Chemistry
  92. Zagreb Connection Number Index of Nanotubes and Regular Hexagonal Lattice
  93. The Sanskruti index of trees and unicyclic graphs
  94. Valency-based molecular descriptors of Bakelite network BNmn
  95. Computing Topological Indices for Para-Line Graphs of Anthracene
  96. Zagreb Polynomials and redefined Zagreb indices of Dendrimers and Polyomino Chains
  97. Topological Descriptor of 2-Dimensional Silicon Carbons and Their Applications
  98. Topological invariants for the line graphs of some classes of graphs
  99. Words for maximal Subgroups of Fi24‘
  100. Generators of Maximal Subgroups of Harada-Norton and some Linear Groups
  101. Special Issue on POKOCHA 2018
  102. Influence of Production Parameters on the Content of Polyphenolic Compounds in Extruded Porridge Enriched with Chokeberry Fruit (Aronia melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott)
  103. Effects of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction (SC-CO2) on the content of tiliroside in the extracts from Tilia L. flowers
  104. Impact of xanthan gum addition on phenolic acids composition and selected properties of new gluten-free maize-field bean pasta
  105. Impact of storage temperature and time on Moldavian dragonhead oil – spectroscopic and chemometric analysis
  106. The effect of selected substances on the stability of standard solutions in voltammetric analysis of ascorbic acid in fruit juices
  107. Determination of the content of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn in dairy products from various regions of Poland
  108. Special Issue on IC3PE 2018 Conference
  109. The Photocatalytic Activity of Zns-TiO2 on a Carbon Fiber Prepared by Chemical Bath Deposition
  110. N-octyl chitosan derivatives as amphiphilic carrier agents for herbicide formulations
  111. Kinetics and Mechanistic Study of Hydrolysis of Adenosine Monophosphate Disodium Salt (AMPNa2) in Acidic and Alkaline Media
  112. Antimalarial Activity of Andrographis Paniculata Ness‘s N-hexane Extract and Its Major Compounds
  113. Special Issue on ABB2018 Conference
  114. Special Issue on ICCESEN 2017
  115. Theoretical Diagnostics of Second and Third-order Hyperpolarizabilities of Several Acid Derivatives
  116. Determination of Gamma Rays Efficiency Against Rhizoctonia solani in Potatoes
  117. Studies On Compatibilization Of Recycled Polyethylene/Thermoplastic Starch Blends By Using Different Compatibilizer
  118. Liquid−Liquid Extraction of Linalool from Methyl Eugenol with 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium Hydrogen Sulfate [EMIM][HSO4] Ionic Liquid
  119. Synthesis of Graphene Oxide Through Ultrasonic Assisted Electrochemical Exfoliation
  120. Special Issue on ISCMP 2018
  121. Synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of some 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives against human cervical cancer cells
  122. The influence of the grafted aryl groups on the solvation properties of the graphyne and graphdiyne - a MD study
  123. Electrochemical modification of platinum and glassy carbon surfaces with pyridine layers and their use as complexing agents for copper (II) ions
  124. Effect of Electrospinning Process on Total Antioxidant Activity of Electrospun Nanofibers Containing Grape Seed Extract
  125. Effect Of Thermal Treatment Of Trepel At Temperature Range 800-1200˚C
  126. Topical Issue on Agriculture
  127. The effect of Cladophora glomerata exudates on the amino acid composition of Cladophora fracta and Rhizoclonium sp.
  128. Influence of the Static Magnetic Field and Algal Extract on the Germination of Soybean Seeds
  129. The use of UV-induced fluorescence for the assessment of homogeneity of granular mixtures
  130. The use of microorganisms as bio-fertilizers in the cultivation of white lupine
  131. Lyophilized apples on flax oil and ethyl esters of flax oil - stability and antioxidant evaluation
  132. Production of phosphorus biofertilizer based on the renewable materials in large laboratory scale
  133. Human health risk assessment of potential toxic elements in paddy soil and rice (Oryza sativa) from Ugbawka fields, Enugu, Nigeria
  134. Recovery of phosphates(V) from wastewaters of different chemical composition
  135. Special Issue on the 4th Green Chemistry 2018
  136. Dead zone for hydrogenation of propylene reaction carried out on commercial catalyst pellets
  137. Improved thermally stable oligoetherols from 6-aminouracil, ethylene carbonate and boric acid
  138. The role of a chemical loop in removal of hazardous contaminants from coke oven wastewater during its treatment
  139. Combating paraben pollution in surface waters with a variety of photocatalyzed systems: Looking for the most efficient technology
  140. Special Issue on Chemistry Today for Tomorrow 2019
  141. Applying Discriminant and Cluster Analyses to Separate Allergenic from Non-allergenic Proteins
  142. Chemometric Expertise Of Clinical Monitoring Data Of Prolactinoma Patients
  143. Chemomertic Risk Assessment of Soil Pollution
  144. New composite sorbent for speciation analysis of soluble chromium in textiles
  145. Photocatalytic activity of NiFe2O4 and Zn0.5Ni0.5Fe2O4 modified by Eu(III) and Tb(III) for decomposition of Malachite Green
  146. Photophysical and antibacterial activity of light-activated quaternary eosin Y
  147. Spectral properties and biological activity of La(III) and Nd(III) Monensinates
  148. Special Issue on Monitoring, Risk Assessment and Sustainable Management for the Exposure to Environmental Toxins
  149. Soil organic carbon mineralization in relation to microbial dynamics in subtropical red soils dominated by differently sized aggregates
  150. A potential reusable fluorescent aptasensor based on magnetic nanoparticles for ochratoxin A analysis
  151. Special Issue on 13th JCC 2018
  152. Fluorescence study of 5-nitroisatin Schiff base immobilized on SBA-15 for sensing Fe3+
  153. Thermal and Morphology Properties of Cellulose Nanofiber from TEMPO-oxidized Lower part of Empty Fruit Bunches (LEFB)
  154. Encapsulation of Vitamin C in Sesame Liposomes: Computational and Experimental Studies
  155. A comparative study of the utilization of synthetic foaming agent and aluminum powder as pore-forming agents in lightweight geopolymer synthesis
  156. Synthesis of high surface area mesoporous silica SBA-15 by adjusting hydrothermal treatment time and the amount of polyvinyl alcohol
  157. Review of large-pore mesostructured cellular foam (MCF) silica and its applications
  158. Ion Exchange of Benzoate in Ni-Al-Benzoate Layered Double Hydroxide by Amoxicillin
  159. Synthesis And Characterization Of CoMo/Mordenite Catalyst For Hydrotreatment Of Lignin Compound Models
  160. Production of Biodiesel from Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) using Microwave with CaO Catalyst from Eggshell Waste: Optimization of Transesterification Process Parameters
  161. The Study of the Optical Properties of C60 Fullerene in Different Organic Solvents
  162. Composite Material Consisting of HKUST-1 and Indonesian Activated Natural Zeolite and its Application in CO2 Capture
  163. Topical Issue on Environmental Chemistry
  164. Ionic liquids modified cobalt/ZSM-5 as a highly efficient catalyst for enhancing the selectivity towards KA oil in the aerobic oxidation of cyclohexane
  165. Application of Thermal Resistant Gemini Surfactants in Highly Thixotropic Water-in-oil Drilling Fluid System
  166. Screening Study on Rheological Behavior and Phase Transition Point of Polymer-containing Fluids produced under the Oil Freezing Point Temperature
  167. The Chemical Softening Effect and Mechanism of Low Rank Coal Soaked in Alkaline Solution
  168. The Influence Of NO/O2 On The NOx Storage Properties Over A Pt-Ba-Ce/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst
  169. Special Issue on the International conference CosCI 2018
  170. Design of SiO2/TiO2 that Synergistically Increases The Hydrophobicity of Methyltrimethoxysilane Coated Glass
  171. Antidiabetes and Antioxidant agents from Clausena excavata root as medicinal plant of Myanmar
  172. Development of a Gold Immunochromatographic Assay Method Using Candida Biofilm Antigen as a Bioreceptor for Candidiasis in Rats
  173. Special Issue on Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 2019
  174. Adsorption of copper ions on Magnolia officinalis residues after solid-phase fermentation with Phanerochaete chrysosporium
  175. Erratum
  176. Erratum to: Sand Dune Characterization For Preparing Metallurgical Grade Silicon
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