Home Delayed femoral vein ligation reduces operative time and blood loss during hip disarticulation in patients with extremity tumors
Article Open Access

Delayed femoral vein ligation reduces operative time and blood loss during hip disarticulation in patients with extremity tumors

  • Hongwei Yu , ShuHuai Wang , Qi Song , Yan You , Junjie Bao and Meng Yao EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: October 27, 2022
Download Article (PDF)
Open Medicine
From the journal Open Medicine Volume 17 Issue 1

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of delayed femoral vein ligation on the clinical outcomes of hip disarticulation. We retrospectively reviewed 20 patients with extremity tumors (10 bone tumors and 10 soft tissue sarcomas [STS]) who underwent hip disarticulation. Patients treated for hip disarticulation with synchronous femoral vein ligation (n = 10, regular surgery group) and hip disarticulation with delayed femoral vein ligation (n = 10, delayed ligation group), respectively, were enrolled in this study. The operative time and blood loss were used to evaluate the clinical outcomes. The delayed ligation group had significantly lower operative times than the regular surgery group (P < 0.05). Total, hidden, and intraoperative blood loss were all significantly lower in the delayed ligation group than in the regular surgery group (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in postoperative blood loss. In conclusion, delayed femoral vein ligation could significantly reduce the operative time, hidden blood loss, and intraoperative blood loss in patients undergoing hip disarticulation.

Keywords: hip disarticulation; delayed femoral vein ligation; operation time; blood loss

1 Introduction

Sarcomas are rare malignant mesenchymal tumors that constitute approximately 1% of all malignancies. Most osseous and STS are now managed with limb salvage surgery, such as internal pelvic resection [1,2]. However, in circumstances of advanced disease, wherein limb salvage surgery affects the ability to obtain a clear edge during resection, hindquarter amputation may be considered.

Amputation has been extensively used in orthopedic clinics, mostly when the limbs cannot be preserved owing to various factors, such as trauma, infection, tumors, or vascular disease [3]. Amputations include hemipelvectomy, hip disarticulation, and femur amputation (upper 1/3), commonly used for treating extremity tumors [4,5,6].

Most amputations caused by distal limb diseases can be performed in the hemostatic band [7,8]. Tourniquets could not be used in the amputation of the proximal limb. For some diseases, the blood supply at the distal end of the limb is rich, and the effective blood volume is large, especially in the processes of hemipelvic, hip-joint, and mid-upper 1/3 femur amputations. Owing to the large incision wound and the average amount of bleeding (dominant blood loss), amputated limbs take away a large amount of normal blood (hidden blood loss) [9]. Patients had increased total blood loss and significantly decreased hemoglobin after the operation. These conditions increased the probability of blood transfusion in the perioperative period, increased the risk of the perioperative period, and prolonged the treatment period [10]. Therefore, effective hemostasis methods are urgently needed during hip disarticulation. There are various hemostatic methods to reduce intraoperative blood loss during amputation. Effective hemostasis could reduce the perioperative risk and reduce the operative time and recovery period after surgery [11]. Preoperative embolization can reportedly decrease intraoperative blood loss significantly and facilitate the maximal removal of giant-cell tumors [12–16]. Although these methods can reduce blood loss during amputation, there is still a need for the improved hemostasis technique.

In this study, we aimed to apply delayed ligation of the main limb vein in amputated patients and evaluate the curative effect from the aspects of operation time and blood loss. Our findings may provide an effective hemostasis method for hip disarticulation, which had positive clinical benefits.

2 Methods

2.1 Subjects

Twenty patients (14 males and 6 females) with extremity tumors (10 with bone tumors and 10 with STS) were retrospectively reviewed from the Department of Orthopedics in the Tumor Hospital Affiliated to Harbin Medical University from December 2013 to February 2016. The study enrolled hip disarticulation patients treated with synchronous femoral vein ligation (n = 10, regular surgery group, Figure 1a) and hip disarticulation with delayed femoral vein ligation (n = 10, delayed ligation group, Figure 1b).

Figure 1 Illustration of (a) hip disarticulation with synchronous ligation of the femoral artery and vein and (b) hip disarticulation with delayed femoral vein ligation.
Figure 1

Illustration of (a) hip disarticulation with synchronous ligation of the femoral artery and vein and (b) hip disarticulation with delayed femoral vein ligation.

Inclusion criteria: (1) The patient ages were in the range of 10–60 years and weighted 35–90 kg, (2) patients suffered from primary malignant limb tumors without limb preservation and had preoperative hemoglobin levels >10 g.

Exclusion criteria: The patients diagnosed with primary or secondary coagulation dysfunction, patients who required massive preoperative blood transfusions, long-term oral anticoagulant therapy patients, or those who underwent interventional therapy for vascular emboli of the affected limbs, and excessive pressure fluctuations during operation, were excluded.

The same experienced surgeons performed the two hip disarticulation procedures. The patients did not receive hemostatic or anticoagulant drugs intraoperatively, and the preoperative hemoglobin was greater than 10 g/dL. Table 1 shows demographic and clinical data.

Table 1

Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients treated with regular surgery or delayed ligation hip disarticulation

Regular surgery group (n = 10) Delayed ligation group (n = 10) P-value
Age (year) 28 ± 13 29 ± 15 0.745
Gender (male/female) 7/3 7/3 1.000
Height (cm) 165 ± 10 166 ± 9 0.796
Weight (kg) 63 ± 18 59 ± 11 0.583
Amputated side (left/right) 5/5 4/6 —
Tumor classification (bone tumor/STS) 4/6 6/4 —
Preoperative hemoglobin (g/L) 132 ± 16 121 ± 14 —

  1. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the ethical committee of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, and consent was obtained from the patients.

2.2 Operative technique

The main difference between the regular surgery group and the delayed ligation group was the femoral vein ligation time. A 3 cm long transverse incision exposed the femoral artery and vein in the inguinal region when anesthesia was sufficient. First, we ligated the trunk artery of the limb, blocked the blood vessel with the ligation suture reserved in the main vein at any time, temporarily reserved the vascular sheath to avoid vascular tearing, successively cut off the muscle, fascia, and other soft tissues, and finally ligated and cut off the main vein until osteotomy.

The femoral artery and vein were occluded using the double ligation technique in the regular group. Only the artery was occluded in the delayed ligation group (Figure 2a), and both ligature and sheath (Figure 2b) were reserved. In both the regular and delayed ligation groups, the muscle and fascia were split after we expanded the incision. We removed the femoral nerve trunk to expose the backbone and joint capsule of the truncated bone (Figure 2c). Ligation of the main vein was performed in patients of the delayed ligation group. Finally, the distal limb was dissected in both groups (Figure 2d).

Figure 2 Process of hip disarticulation with delayed femoral vein ligation for the left leg. (a) The exposed main artery was occluded first using a double ligation technique. (b) Both the ligature and sheath of the main vein were reserved. (c) The muscle and fascia were then split, and the backbone and joint capsule of the truncated bone were exposed. (d) Finally, the main vein was ligated, and the distal limb was removed.
Figure 2

Process of hip disarticulation with delayed femoral vein ligation for the left leg. (a) The exposed main artery was occluded first using a double ligation technique. (b) Both the ligature and sheath of the main vein were reserved. (c) The muscle and fascia were then split, and the backbone and joint capsule of the truncated bone were exposed. (d) Finally, the main vein was ligated, and the distal limb was removed.

2.3 Outcome evaluations

The main outcomes in the regular surgery group and the delayed ligation group were mainly evaluated according to operation time and blood loss. The operation time included the time spent on the skin incision, hip disarticulation, and skin suturing. All patients underwent routine blood examinations before and after surgery, respectively. Additionally, blood loss included predicted blood volume (PBV), total blood loss (TBL), hidden blood loss (HBL), intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative blood loss.

PBV was calculated with the following formulas, as described previously [17],

PBV male = 0.3669 H 3 + 0.03219 W + 0.6041 ,

PBV Female = 0.3561 H 3 + 0.03308 W + 0.1833 ,

where H indicates the height (m) and W indicates the weight (kg).

The allowable blood loss was calculated by the following formula as described previously [18]:

V L = PBV × ( H O − H F ) / H AV 6,041 .

H O indicates the preoperative hematocrit or hemoglobin levels, H F indicates the hematocrit or hemoglobin levels postoperatively, and H AV indicates the mean value of the difference between pre- and postoperative hematocrit or hemoglobin levels.

TBL and HBL were then calculated as follows:

TBL = V L + blood transfusions (1 U packed red blood cells = 200 mL whole blood),

HBL = TBL − (intraoperative blood loss + Postoperative blood loss).

2.4 Statistical analysis

All data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 20.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and were expressed as mean ± standard deviation with minimum and maximum values. Comparison between the regular surgery group and the delayed ligation group was determined with an independent t-test. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

3 Results

3.1 Analysis of patient data

A total of 20 patients were included in this study in which 10 patients (28 ± 13 years) were treated using regular surgery, while the other 10 patients (29 ± 15 years) were treated by delayed ligation surgery. Furthermore, in the regular surgery group, the preoperative hemoglobin of patients was 132 ± 16 g/L, while in the delayed ligation group, the preoperative hemoglobin of patients was 121 ± 14 g/L. There are no significant differences in the age, weight, gender, height of patients between the regular surgery group, and the delayed ligation group.

3.2 Delayed femoral vein ligation reduced operative time

Operative time is one of the main observation indices for hip disarticulation.

The average operative time of the delayed ligation group was 158 min and that of the regular surgery group was 183 min. As shown in Table 2, the average operation time in the delayed ligation group was significantly shorter than in the regular surgery group (158 ± 23.47 min vs 183 ± 22.63 min, P < 0.05).

Table 2

The operative time and blood loss of patients who underwent regular surgery or delayed ligation hip disarticulation

Groups Regular surgery group (n = 10) Delayed ligation group (n = 10) t P
Operative time (min) 183 ± 22.63 (161–205 min) 158 ± 23.47 (135–181 min) 2.424 <0.05
TBL (mL) 1357 ± 397.46 (960–1,745 mL) 831 ± 310.30 (521–1,141 mL) 3.302 <0.01
HBL (mL) 852 ± 395.12 (457–1,247 mL) 503 ± 233.72 (270–737 mL) 2.403 <0.05
Intraoperative blood loss (mL) 495 ± 134.26 (361–629 mL) 320 ± 100.55 (220–420 mL) 3.299 <0.01
Postoperative blood loss (mL) 103 ± 34 (69–137 mL) 84 ± 27 (57–111 mL) 1.372 >0.05
PBV (mL) 4,189 ± 855 (3,334–5,044 mL) 4031 ± 680 (3,351–4,711 mL) 0.458 >0.05

PBV: predicted blood volume; TBL: total blood loss; and HBL: hidden blood loss.

3.3 Delayed femoral vein ligation decreased blood loss

TBL was in the range of 521–1,141 mL in the delayed ligation group, and the average was 831 mL. In addition, TBL was in the range of 960–1,745 mL in the regular surgery group, and the average was 1,357 mL. TBL decreased significantly in the delayed ligation group compared with that in the regular surgery group (831 ± 310.30 vs 1,357 ± 397.46, P < 0.01).

The HBL volume was 270–737.4 mL in the delayed ligation group, and the average HBL volume was 503.7 mL. The HBL volume was 457.6–1247.6 mL in the regular surgery group, and the average HBL volume was 852.6 mL. In the delayed ligation group, the volume of intraoperative blood loss was in the range of 220–420 mL, and the average volume of intraoperative blood loss was 320 mL. In the regular surgery group, the intraoperative blood loss volume was 361–629 mL, and the average volume of intraoperative blood loss was 495 mL. HBL and intraoperative blood loss also decreased significantly in the delayed ligation group than in the regular surgery group (HBL: 503 ± 233.72 mL vs 852 ± 395.12 mL, P < 0.05; intraoperative blood loss: 320 ± 100.55 mL vs 495 ± 134.26 mL, P < 0.05).

In the delayed ligation group, the volume of postoperative blood loss ranged from 57 to 111 mL, and the average volume of postoperative blood loss was 84 mL. In the regular surgery group, the volume of postoperative blood loss ranged from 69 to 137 mL, and the average volume of postoperative blood loss was 103 mL. However, there were no significant differences in postoperative blood loss and PBV between these two groups (P > 0.05).

4 Discussion

Hip disarticulation is common for patients with limbs affected by serious trauma, vascular gangrene, infection, and malignant tumors [19]. In hip disarticulation in the cases of malignant tumors, massive dominant and HBLes, as well as long operation times, were considered the most important risk factors for poor outcomes [20,21]. As tumors in the pelvis and thigh have a rich blood supply, temporary or permanent occlusion of the main tumor artery has become an effective method for reducing blood loss and operation time. Some scholars use the method of driving blood by Esmarch’s bandage to reduce the HBL in the nontumor area of the distal limb [22] because of the rich blood supply of the tissue of the proximal limb, the tumor volume, and other factors. Even though the effect of simple distal limb drainage is minor, it is an effective method to reduce HBL, and the author often applied this method at the same time.

Regular techniques are effective for the high-level amputation of lower limbs affected by trauma or gangrene [23,24]. During this process, ligation of major arteries and veins had been considered a standard hemostasis method. However, simultaneous ligation of arteries and veins could lead to a congested distal limb, increase venous pressure, and severe venous distention in part affected by the malignant tumor or lead to massive venous hemorrhage when the soft tissue is split. Meanwhile, extensive blood loss may also be attributable to the removal of the amputated limb. Massive hemorrhage during hip disarticulation not only prolongs the operation time but also threatens the patient’s life. In addition, a previous study indicated that early ligation of adrenal veins is considered a preventive factor to reduce hormonal secretion [25]. By contrast, research reports argue that delayed vein ligation is safer than early ligation [26,27]. Our study also found that delayed vein ligation is safer because the tumor moves from the inferior vena cava to the right and the renal vein moves to the left; thus, possible bleeding instances are controlled more effectively.

In this study, a novel hip disarticulation with delayed femoral vein ligation was performed. The main artery was ligated first during this surgery, and the vascular sheath was reserved to avoid vascular tearing. The main vein was amputated and ligated until the backbone, and joint capsule of the truncated bone was exposed. Hip disarticulation with this novel ligation technique may reduce blood loss. In turn, it will reduce operation time based on a clear surgical field and fully visible anatomy. As expected, significantly reduced operative time, TBL, HBL, and intraoperative blood loss were observed in patients who underwent hip disarticulation with delayed vein ligation, indicating that delayed femoral vein ligation effectively reduced hemorrhage. During amputation, intraoperative blood loss can be influenced by various factors, such as the operator’s proficiency, the age and weight of the patients, and the size and location of the limb tumor [28]. Effective control of intraoperative blood loss and reduction of operative time may also be achieved by applying delayed femoral vein ligation in hemipelvectomy. In addition, no significant differences were found in postoperative blood loss between the two groups, indicating that delayed femoral vein ligation mainly affected hidden and intraoperative blood loss cases. Moreover, Zografos et al. [29] also indicated that delayed vein ligation during laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma is safe and effective. This procedure could reduce blood loss and operation time. Also, blood loss was associated with complications and increased patient mortality rates [30]. In our study, we found that delayed femoral vein ligation could reduce blood loss. Although we did not count the survival rates and complications of all patients, our research results still provide a new direction for improving the success rate of surgery and the survival rate of patients in the future. Additional investigations, research, and implementation of experiments are needed to explore this technology in depth.

This study has some limitations. First of all, the sample size we collected was relatively small, the observation indicators were relatively limited, and many bias factors affected the experiment. In our research, we did not consider possible complications or the use of other drugs that may have interfered with blood clotting. Future experiments need to expand the sample size and consider multiple factors for more in-depth research.

5 Conclusion

In conclusion, delayed femoral vein ligation during hip disarticulation could significantly reduce operation time and hidden and intraoperative blood loss. Although this novel ligation technique could reduce the perioperative bleeding risk for hip disarticulation, additional clinical studies on its application were needed.

Abbreviations

PBV

predicted blood volume

TBL

total blood loss

HBL

hidden blood loss

SD

standard deviation

tel: +86-13009999953

Acknowledgments

None.

  1. Funding information: This study was funded by Science and Technology Research Project of Education Department of Heilongjiang Province (Grant No.: 12521328).

  2. Author contributions: HWY and SHW participated in the design of this study, and they both performed the statistical analysis. QS carried out the study and collected important background information. YY, JJB, and MY drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

  3. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

  4. Data availability statement: The data sets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

References

[1] Puchner SE, Funovics PT, Böhler C, Kaider A, Stihsen C, Hobusch GM, et al. Oncological and surgical outcome after treatment of pelvic sarcomas. PLoS One. 2017;12(2):e0172203. 10.1371/journal.pone.0172203.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[2] Zhang Y, Guo W, Tang X, Yang R, Ji T, Yang Y, et al. En bloc resection of pelvic sarcomas with sacral invasion: a classification of surgical approaches and outcomes. bone Jt J. 2018;100-b(6):798–805. 10.1302/0301-620x.100b6.Bjj-2017-1212.R1.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[3] Black CK, Ormiston LD, Fan KL, Kotha VS, Attinger C, Evans KK. Amputations versus salvage: reconciling the differences. J Reconstructive Microsurgery. 2021;37(1):32–41. 10.1055/s-0039-1696733.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[4] Roulet S, Le Nail LR, Vaz G, Babinet A, Dumaine V, Sallot A, et al. Free fillet lower leg flap for coverage after hemipelvectomy or hip disarticulation. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res OTSR. 2019;105(1):47–54. 10.1016/j.otsr.2018.10.018.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[5] Houdek MT, Kralovec ME, Andrews KL. Hemipelvectomy: high-level amputation surgery and prosthetic rehabilitation. Am J Phys Med Rehabilitation. 2014;93(7):600–8. 10.1097/phm.0000000000000068.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[6] Bajpai J, Khanna N, Vora T, Gulia A, Laskar S, Puri A, et al. Analysis of bone and soft-tissue sarcomas registered during the year 2012 at Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, with clinical outcomes. Indian J Cancer. 2018;55(1):37–44. 10.4103/ijc.IJC_481_17.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[7] Carroll PJ, Ragothaman K, Mayer A, Kennedy CJ, Attinger CE, Steinberg JS. Ankle disarticulation: an underutilized approach to staged below knee amputation-case series and surgical technique. J Foot Ankle Surgery Off Publ Am Coll Foot Ankle Surg. 2020;59(4):869–72. 10.1053/j.jfas.2019.10.009.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[8] Hay-David AGC, Herron JBT, Thurgood A, Whittle C, Mahmood A, Bodger O, et al. A comparison of improvised and commercially available point-of-wounding tourniquets in simulated traumatic amputation with catastrophic hemorrhage. Military Med. 2020;185(9–10):e1536–41. 10.1093/milmed/usaa085.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[9] Wied C, Tengberg PT, Kristensen MT, Holm G, Kallemose T, Troelsen A, et al. Total blood loss after transfemoral amputations is twice the intraoperative loss: an observational cohort study of 81 nontraumatic amputations. Geriatric Orthopaedic Surg Rehabilitation. 2017;8(3):123–7. 10.1177/2151458517706595.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[10] Mack LA, Temple WJ. Extended pelvic resection for sarcoma or visceral tumors invading musculoskeletal pelvis. Surgical Oncol Clin North Am. 2005;14(2):397–417. 10.1016/j.soc.2004.11.002.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[11] Madzhuga AV, Somonova OV, Elizarova AL, Sviridova SP, Mazurina OG, Kashiia Sh R. Hemostasis disorders in cancer patients with massive intraoperative blood loss. Anesteziol Reanimatol. 2001;168(3):50–2. 10.1016/j.surg.2020.04.015.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[12] Zhou M, Yang H, Chen K, Wang G, Lu J, Ji Y, et al. Surgical treatment of giant cell tumors of the sacrum and spine combined with pre-operative transarterial embolization. Oncol Lett. 2013;6(1):185–90. 10.3892/ol.2013.1329.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[13] Mavrogenis AF, Rossi G, Rimondi E, Calabrò T, Papagelopoulos PJ, Ruggieri P. Palliative embolization for osteosarcoma. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2014;24(8):1351–6. 10.1007/s00590-013-1312-0.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[14] Mavrogenis AF, Rossi G, Altimari G, Calabrò T, Angelini A, Palmerini E, et al. Palliative embolisation for advanced bone sarcomas. La Radiol Medica. 2013;118(8):1344–59. 10.1007/s11547-012-0868-3.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[15] Rossi G, Mavrogenis AF, Rimondi E, Ciccarese F, Tranfaglia C, Angelelli B, et al. Selective arterial embolisation for bone tumours: experience of 454 cases. La Radiologia Medica. 2011;116(5):793–808. 10.1007/s11547-011-0670-0.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[16] Rossi G, Mavrogenis AF, Rimondi E, Braccaioli L, Calabrò T, Ruggieri P. Selective embolization with N-butyl cyanoacrylate for metastatic bone disease. J Vasc Interventional Radiol JVIR. 2011;22(4):462–70. 10.1016/j.jvir.2010.12.023.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[17] Feldschuh J, Katz S. The importance of correct norms in blood volume measurement. Am J Med Sci. 2007;334(1):41–6. 10.1097/MAJ.0b013e318063c707.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[18] Gross JB. Estimating allowable blood loss: corrected for dilution. Anesthesiology. 1983;58(3):277–80. 10.1097/00000542-198303000-00016.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[19] Potts JR 3rd, Wendelken JR, Elkins RC, Peyton MD. Lower extremity amputation: review of 110 cases. Am J Surg. 1979;138(6):924–8. 10.1016/0002-9610(79)90323-4.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[20] Tang X, Guo W, Yang R, Tang S, Ji T. Risk factors for blood loss during sacral tumor resection. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009;467(6):1599–604. 10.1007/s11999-008-0483-1.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[21] Stener B, Gunterberg B. High amputation of the sacrum for extirpation of tumors. Princ Tech Spine. 1978;3(4):351–66. 10.1097/00007632-197812000-00009.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[22] Seike Y, Minatoya K, Sasaki H, Tanaka H, Itonaga T, Kobayashi J. A simple and effective method to apply TachoSil(®) tissue sealing sheet using Esmarch’s bandage. Gen Thorac Cardiovascular Surg. 2016;64(11):662–4. 10.1007/s11748-016-0637-0.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[23] Stansbury LG, Branstetter JG, Lalliss SJ. Amputation in military trauma surgery. J Trauma. 2007;63(4):940–4. 10.1097/TA.0b013e31814934d8.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[24] Moore WS, Hall AD, Lim RC Jr. Below the knee amputation for ischemic gangrene. Comparative results of conventional operation and immediate postoperative fitting technic. Am J Surg. 1972;124(2):127–34. 10.1016/0002-9610(72)90003-7.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[25] Fu SQ, Wang SY, Chen Q, Liu YT, Li ZL, Sun T. Laparoscopic versus open surgery for pheochromocytoma: a meta-analysis. BMC Surg. 2020;20(1):167. 10.1186/s12893-020-00824-6.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[26] Zhang X, Lang B, Ouyang JZ, Fu B, Zhang J, Xu K, et al. Retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy without previous control of adrenal vein is feasible and safe for pheochromocytoma. Urology. 2007;69(5):849–53. 10.1016/j.urology.2007.01.078.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[27] Vassiliou MC, Laycock WS. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for pheochromocytoma: take the vein last? Surgical Endoscopy. 2009;23(5):965–8. 10.1007/s00464-008-0264-7.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[28] Tang X, Guo W, Yang R, Tang S, Ji T. Risk factors for blood loss during sacral tumor resection. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009;467(6):1599–604.10.1007/s11999-008-0483-1Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[29] Zografos GN, Farfaras AK, Kassi E, Vaidakis DN, Markou A, Kaltsas G, et al. Laparoscopic resection of pheochromocytomas with delayed vein ligation. Surgical Laparoscopy Endoscopy Percutaneous Tech. 2011;21(2):116–9. 10.1097/SLE.0b013e318213bb1f.Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[30] Vaira LA, De Vito A, Deiana G, Pes C, Giovanditto F, Fiore V, et al. Systemic inflammatory markers and psychophysical olfactory scores in coronavirus disease 2019 patients: is there any correlation? J Laryngol Otol. 2021;135(8):723–8. 10.1017/s0022215121001651.Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

Received: 2021-04-22
Revised: 2021-08-22
Accepted: 2021-09-15
Published Online: 2022-10-27

© 2022 Hongwei Yu et al., published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Research Articles
  2. AMBRA1 attenuates the proliferation of uveal melanoma cells
  3. A ceRNA network mediated by LINC00475 in papillary thyroid carcinoma
  4. Differences in complications between hepatitis B-related cirrhosis and alcohol-related cirrhosis
  5. Effect of gestational diabetes mellitus on lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  6. Long noncoding RNA NR2F1-AS1 stimulates the tumorigenic behavior of non-small cell lung cancer cells by sponging miR-363-3p to increase SOX4
  7. Promising novel biomarkers and candidate small-molecule drugs for lung adenocarcinoma: Evidence from bioinformatics analysis of high-throughput data
  8. Plasmapheresis: Is it a potential alternative treatment for chronic urticaria?
  9. The biomarkers of key miRNAs and gene targets associated with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma
  10. Gene signature to predict prognostic survival of hepatocellular carcinoma
  11. Effects of miRNA-199a-5p on cell proliferation and apoptosis of uterine leiomyoma by targeting MED12
  12. Does diabetes affect paraneoplastic thrombocytosis in colorectal cancer?
  13. Is there any effect on imprinted genes H19, PEG3, and SNRPN during AOA?
  14. Leptin and PCSK9 concentrations are associated with vascular endothelial cytokines in patients with stable coronary heart disease
  15. Pericentric inversion of chromosome 6 and male fertility problems
  16. Staple line reinforcement with nebulized cyanoacrylate glue in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A propensity score-matched study
  17. Retrospective analysis of crescent score in clinical prognosis of IgA nephropathy
  18. Expression of DNM3 is associated with good outcome in colorectal cancer
  19. Activation of SphK2 contributes to adipocyte-induced EOC cell proliferation
  20. CRRT influences PICCO measurements in febrile critically ill patients
  21. SLCO4A1-AS1 mediates pancreatic cancer development via miR-4673/KIF21B axis
  22. lncRNA ACTA2-AS1 inhibits malignant phenotypes of gastric cancer cells
  23. circ_AKT3 knockdown suppresses cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer
  24. Prognostic value of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase in human cancers: Evidence from a meta-analysis and database validation
  25. GPC2 deficiency inhibits cell growth and metastasis in colon adenocarcinoma
  26. A pan-cancer analysis of the oncogenic role of Holliday junction recognition protein in human tumors
  27. Radiation increases COL1A1, COL3A1, and COL1A2 expression in breast cancer
  28. Association between preventable risk factors and metabolic syndrome
  29. miR-29c-5p knockdown reduces inflammation and blood–brain barrier disruption by upregulating LRP6
  30. Cardiac contractility modulation ameliorates myocardial metabolic remodeling in a rabbit model of chronic heart failure through activation of AMPK and PPAR-α pathway
  31. Quercitrin protects human bronchial epithelial cells from oxidative damage
  32. Smurf2 suppresses the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma via ubiquitin degradation of Smad2
  33. circRNA_0001679/miR-338-3p/DUSP16 axis aggravates acute lung injury
  34. Sonoclot’s usefulness in prediction of cardiopulmonary arrest prognosis: A proof of concept study
  35. Four drug metabolism-related subgroups of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in prognosis, immune infiltration, and gene mutation
  36. Decreased expression of miR-195 mediated by hypermethylation promotes osteosarcoma
  37. LMO3 promotes proliferation and metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells by regulating LIMK1-mediated cofilin and the β-catenin pathway
  38. Cx43 upregulation in HUVECs under stretch via TGF-β1 and cytoskeletal network
  39. Evaluation of menstrual irregularities after COVID-19 vaccination: Results of the MECOVAC survey
  40. Histopathologic findings on removed stomach after sleeve gastrectomy. Do they influence the outcome?
  41. Analysis of the expression and prognostic value of MT1-MMP, β1-integrin and YAP1 in glioma
  42. Optimal diagnosis of the skin cancer using a hybrid deep neural network and grasshopper optimization algorithm
  43. miR-223-3p alleviates TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix deposition by targeting SP3 in endometrial epithelial cells
  44. Clinical value of SIRT1 as a prognostic biomarker in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, a systematic meta-analysis
  45. circ_0020123 promotes cell proliferation and migration in lung adenocarcinoma via PDZD8
  46. miR-22-5p regulates the self-renewal of spermatogonial stem cells by targeting EZH2
  47. hsa-miR-340-5p inhibits epithelial–mesenchymal transition in endometriosis by targeting MAP3K2 and inactivating MAPK/ERK signaling
  48. circ_0085296 inhibits the biological functions of trophoblast cells to promote the progression of preeclampsia via the miR-942-5p/THBS2 network
  49. TCD hemodynamics findings in the subacute phase of anterior circulation stroke patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy
  50. Development of a risk-stratification scoring system for predicting risk of breast cancer based on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease, and uric acid
  51. Tollip promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via PI3K/AKT pathway
  52. circ_0062491 alleviates periodontitis via the miR-142-5p/IGF1 axis
  53. Human amniotic fluid as a source of stem cells
  54. lncRNA NONRATT013819.2 promotes transforming growth factor-β1-induced myofibroblastic transition of hepatic stellate cells by miR24-3p/lox
  55. NORAD modulates miR-30c-5p-LDHA to protect lung endothelial cells damage
  56. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis telemedicine management during COVID-19 outbreak
  57. Risk factors for adverse drug reactions associated with clopidogrel therapy
  58. Serum zinc associated with immunity and inflammatory markers in Covid-19
  59. The relationship between night shift work and breast cancer incidence: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
  60. LncRNA expression in idiopathic achalasia: New insight and preliminary exploration into pathogenesis
  61. Notoginsenoside R1 alleviates spinal cord injury through the miR-301a/KLF7 axis to activate Wnt/β-catenin pathway
  62. Moscatilin suppresses the inflammation from macrophages and T cells
  63. Zoledronate promotes ECM degradation and apoptosis via Wnt/β-catenin
  64. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes in coronary artery disease
  65. The effect evaluation of traditional vaginal surgery and transvaginal mesh surgery for severe pelvic organ prolapse: 5 years follow-up
  66. Repeated partial splenic artery embolization for hypersplenism improves platelet count
  67. Low expression of miR-27b in serum exosomes of non-small cell lung cancer facilitates its progression by affecting EGFR
  68. Exosomal hsa_circ_0000519 modulates the NSCLC cell growth and metastasis via miR-1258/RHOV axis
  69. miR-455-5p enhances 5-fluorouracil sensitivity in colorectal cancer cells by targeting PIK3R1 and DEPDC1
  70. The effect of tranexamic acid on the reduction of intraoperative and postoperative blood loss and thromboembolic risk in patients with hip fracture
  71. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutation in cholangiocarcinoma impairs tumor progression by sensitizing cells to ferroptosis
  72. Artemisinin protects against cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury via inhibiting the NF-κB pathway
  73. A 16-gene signature associated with homologous recombination deficiency for prognosis prediction in patients with triple-negative breast cancer
  74. Lidocaine ameliorates chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain through regulating M1/M2 microglia polarization
  75. MicroRNA 322-5p reduced neuronal inflammation via the TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB axis in a rat epilepsy model
  76. miR-1273h-5p suppresses CXCL12 expression and inhibits gastric cancer cell invasion and metastasis
  77. Clinical characteristics of pneumonia patients of long course of illness infected with SARS-CoV-2
  78. circRNF20 aggravates the malignancy of retinoblastoma depending on the regulation of miR-132-3p/PAX6 axis
  79. Linezolid for resistant Gram-positive bacterial infections in children under 12 years: A meta-analysis
  80. Rack1 regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines by NF-κB in diabetic nephropathy
  81. Comprehensive analysis of molecular mechanism and a novel prognostic signature based on small nuclear RNA biomarkers in gastric cancer patients
  82. Smog and risk of maternal and fetal birth outcomes: A retrospective study in Baoding, China
  83. Let-7i-3p inhibits the cell cycle, proliferation, invasion, and migration of colorectal cancer cells via downregulating CCND1
  84. β2-Adrenergic receptor expression in subchondral bone of patients with varus knee osteoarthritis
  85. Possible impact of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on suicide behavior among patients in Southeast Serbia
  86. In vitro antimicrobial activity of ozonated oil in liposome eyedrop against multidrug-resistant bacteria
  87. Potential biomarkers for inflammatory response in acute lung injury
  88. A low serum uric acid concentration predicts a poor prognosis in adult patients with candidemia
  89. Antitumor activity of recombinant oncolytic vaccinia virus with human IL2
  90. ALKBH5 inhibits TNF-α-induced apoptosis of HUVECs through Bcl-2 pathway
  91. Risk prediction of cardiovascular disease using machine learning classifiers
  92. Value of ultrasonography parameters in diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome
  93. Bioinformatics analysis reveals three key genes and four survival genes associated with youth-onset NSCLC
  94. Identification of autophagy-related biomarkers in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension based on bioinformatics analysis
  95. Protective effects of glaucocalyxin A on the airway of asthmatic mice
  96. Overexpression of miR-100-5p inhibits papillary thyroid cancer progression via targeting FZD8
  97. Bioinformatics-based analysis of SUMOylation-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma reveals a role of upregulated SAE1 in promoting cell proliferation
  98. Effectiveness and clinical benefits of new anti-diabetic drugs: A real life experience
  99. Identification of osteoporosis based on gene biomarkers using support vector machine
  100. Tanshinone IIA reverses oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer through microRNA-30b-5p/AVEN axis
  101. miR-212-5p inhibits nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression by targeting METTL3
  102. Association of ST-T changes with all-cause mortality among patients with peripheral T-cell lymphomas
  103. LINC00665/miRNAs axis-mediated collagen type XI alpha 1 correlates with immune infiltration and malignant phenotypes in lung adenocarcinoma
  104. The perinatal factors that influence the excretion of fecal calprotectin in premature-born children
  105. Effect of femoral head necrosis cystic area on femoral head collapse and stress distribution in femoral head: A clinical and finite element study
  106. Does the use of 3D-printed cones give a chance to postpone the use of megaprostheses in patients with large bone defects in the knee joint?
  107. lncRNA HAGLR modulates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury in mice through regulating miR-133a-3p/MAPK1 axis
  108. Protective effect of ghrelin on intestinal I/R injury in rats
  109. In vivo knee kinematics of an innovative prosthesis design
  110. Relationship between the height of fibular head and the incidence and severity of knee osteoarthritis
  111. lncRNA WT1-AS attenuates hypoxia/ischemia-induced neuronal injury during cerebral ischemic stroke via miR-186-5p/XIAP axis
  112. Correlation of cardiac troponin T and APACHE III score with all-cause in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with acute pulmonary embolism
  113. LncRNA LINC01857 reduces metastasis and angiogenesis in breast cancer cells via regulating miR-2052/CENPQ axis
  114. Endothelial cell-specific molecule 1 (ESM1) promoted by transcription factor SPI1 acts as an oncogene to modulate the malignant phenotype of endometrial cancer
  115. SELENBP1 inhibits progression of colorectal cancer by suppressing epithelial–mesenchymal transition
  116. Visfatin is negatively associated with coronary artery lesions in subjects with impaired fasting glucose
  117. Treatment and outcomes of mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction during the Covid-19 era: A comparison with the pre-Covid-19 period. A systematic review and meta-analysis
  118. Neonatal stroke surveillance study protocol in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland
  119. Oncogenic role of TWF2 in human tumors: A pan-cancer analysis
  120. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin predicts the length of hospital stay independent of severity classification in patients with acute pancreatitis
  121. Association of gallstone and polymorphisms of UGT1A1*27 and UGT1A1*28 in patients with hepatitis B virus-related liver failure
  122. TGF-β1 upregulates Sar1a expression and induces procollagen-I secretion in hypertrophic scarring fibroblasts
  123. Antisense lncRNA PCNA-AS1 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression through the miR-2467-3p/PCNA axis
  124. NK-cell dysfunction of acute myeloid leukemia in relation to the renin–angiotensin system and neurotransmitter genes
  125. The effect of dilution with glucose and prolonged injection time on dexamethasone-induced perineal irritation – A randomized controlled trial
  126. miR-146-5p restrains calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells by suppressing TRAF6
  127. Role of lncRNA MIAT/miR-361-3p/CCAR2 in prostate cancer cells
  128. lncRNA NORAD promotes lung cancer progression by competitively binding to miR-28-3p with E2F2
  129. Noninvasive diagnosis of AIH/PBC overlap syndrome based on prediction models
  130. lncRNA FAM230B is highly expressed in colorectal cancer and suppresses the maturation of miR-1182 to increase cell proliferation
  131. circ-LIMK1 regulates cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma by targeting miR-512-5p/HMGA1 axis
  132. LncRNA SNHG3 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via regulating miR-151a-3p/PFN2 axis
  133. Risk perception and affective state on work exhaustion in obstetrics during the COVID-19 pandemic
  134. lncRNA-AC130710/miR-129-5p/mGluR1 axis promote migration and invasion by activating PKCα-MAPK signal pathway in melanoma
  135. SNRPB promotes cell cycle progression in thyroid carcinoma via inhibiting p53
  136. Xylooligosaccharides and aerobic training regulate metabolism and behavior in rats with streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes
  137. Serpin family A member 1 is an oncogene in glioma and its translation is enhanced by NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 through RNA-binding activity
  138. Silencing of CPSF7 inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells by blocking the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
  139. Ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus block versus transversus abdominis plane block for analgesia in children with hip dislocation: A double-blind, randomized trial
  140. Relationship of plasma MBP and 8-oxo-dG with brain damage in preterm
  141. Identification of a novel necroptosis-associated miRNA signature for predicting the prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
  142. Delayed femoral vein ligation reduces operative time and blood loss during hip disarticulation in patients with extremity tumors
  143. The expression of ASAP3 and NOTCH3 and the clinicopathological characteristics of adult glioma patients
  144. Longitudinal analysis of factors related to Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese adults
  145. HOXA10 enhances cell proliferation and suppresses apoptosis in esophageal cancer via activating p38/ERK signaling pathway
  146. Meta-analysis of early-life antibiotic use and allergic rhinitis
  147. Marital status and its correlation with age, race, and gender in prognosis of tonsil squamous cell carcinomas
  148. HPV16 E6E7 up-regulates KIF2A expression by activating JNK/c-Jun signal, is beneficial to migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells
  149. Amino acid profiles in the tissue and serum of patients with liver cancer
  150. Pain in critically ill COVID-19 patients: An Italian retrospective study
  151. Immunohistochemical distribution of Bcl-2 and p53 apoptotic markers in acetamiprid-induced nephrotoxicity
  152. Estradiol pretreatment in GnRH antagonist protocol for IVF/ICSI treatment
  153. Long non-coding RNAs LINC00689 inhibits the apoptosis of human nucleus pulposus cells via miR-3127-5p/ATG7 axis-mediated autophagy
  154. The relationship between oxygen therapy, drug therapy, and COVID-19 mortality
  155. Monitoring hypertensive disorders in pregnancy to prevent preeclampsia in pregnant women of advanced maternal age: Trial mimicking with retrospective data
  156. SETD1A promotes the proliferation and glycolysis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway
  157. The role of Shunaoxin pills in the treatment of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and its main pharmacodynamic components
  158. TET3 governs malignant behaviors and unfavorable prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by activating the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway
  159. Associations between morphokinetic parameters of temporary-arrest embryos and the clinical prognosis in FET cycles
  160. Long noncoding RNA WT1-AS regulates trophoblast proliferation, migration, and invasion via the microRNA-186-5p/CADM2 axis
  161. The incidence of bronchiectasis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  162. Integrated bioinformatics analysis shows integrin alpha 3 is a prognostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer
  163. Inhibition of miR-21 improves pulmonary vascular responses in bronchopulmonary dysplasia by targeting the DDAH1/ADMA/NO pathway
  164. Comparison of hospitalized patients with severe pneumonia caused by COVID-19 and influenza A (H7N9 and H1N1): A retrospective study from a designated hospital
  165. lncRNA ZFAS1 promotes intervertebral disc degeneration by upregulating AAK1
  166. Pathological characteristics of liver injury induced by N,N-dimethylformamide: From humans to animal models
  167. lncRNA ELFN1-AS1 enhances the progression of colon cancer by targeting miR-4270 to upregulate AURKB
  168. DARS-AS1 modulates cell proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells by regulating miR-330-3p/NAT10 axis
  169. Dezocine inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting CRABP2 in ovarian cancer
  170. MGST1 alleviates the oxidative stress of trophoblast cells induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation and promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
  171. Bifidobacterium lactis Probio-M8 ameliorated the symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus mice by changing ileum FXR-CYP7A1
  172. circRNA DENND1B inhibits tumorigenicity of clear cell renal cell carcinoma via miR-122-5p/TIMP2 axis
  173. EphA3 targeted by miR-3666 contributes to melanoma malignancy via activating ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways
  174. Pacemakers and methylprednisolone pulse therapy in immune-related myocarditis concomitant with complete heart block
  175. miRNA-130a-3p targets sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 to activate the microglial and astrocytes and to promote neural injury under the high glucose condition
  176. Review Articles
  177. Current management of cancer pain in Italy: Expert opinion paper
  178. Hearing loss and brain disorders: A review of multiple pathologies
  179. The rationale for using low-molecular weight heparin in the therapy of symptomatic COVID-19 patients
  180. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and delayed onset muscle soreness in light of the impaired blink and stretch reflexes – watch out for Piezo2
  181. Interleukin-35 in autoimmune dermatoses: Current concepts
  182. Recent discoveries in microbiota dysbiosis, cholangiocytic factors, and models for studying the pathogenesis of primary sclerosing cholangitis
  183. Advantages of ketamine in pediatric anesthesia
  184. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Role of dentist in early diagnosis
  185. Migraine management: Non-pharmacological points for patients and health care professionals
  186. Atherogenic index of plasma and coronary artery disease: A systematic review
  187. Physiological and modulatory role of thioredoxins in the cellular function
  188. Case Reports
  189. Intrauterine Bakri balloon tamponade plus cervical cerclage for the prevention and treatment of postpartum haemorrhage in late pregnancy complicated with acute aortic dissection: Case series
  190. A case of successful pembrolizumab monotherapy in a patient with advanced lung adenocarcinoma: Use of multiple biomarkers in combination for clinical practice
  191. Unusual neurological manifestations of bilateral medial medullary infarction: A case report
  192. Atypical symptoms of malignant hyperthermia: A rare causative mutation in the RYR1 gene
  193. A case report of dermatomyositis with the missed diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer and concurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis
  194. A rare case of endometrial polyp complicated with uterine inversion: A case report and clinical management
  195. Spontaneous rupturing of splenic artery aneurysm: Another reason for fatal syncope and shock (Case report and literature review)
  196. Fungal infection mimicking COVID-19 infection – A case report
  197. Concurrent aspergillosis and cystic pulmonary metastases in a patient with tongue squamous cell carcinoma
  198. Paraganglioma-induced inverted takotsubo-like cardiomyopathy leading to cardiogenic shock successfully treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
  199. Lineage switch from lymphoma to myeloid neoplasms: First case series from a single institution
  200. Trismus during tracheal extubation as a complication of general anaesthesia – A case report
  201. Simultaneous treatment of a pubovesical fistula and lymph node metastasis secondary to multimodal treatment for prostate cancer: Case report and review of the literature
  202. Two case reports of skin vasculitis following the COVID-19 immunization
  203. Ureteroiliac fistula after oncological surgery: Case report and review of the literature
  204. Synchronous triple primary malignant tumours in the bladder, prostate, and lung harbouring TP53 and MEK1 mutations accompanied with severe cardiovascular diseases: A case report
  205. Huge mucinous cystic neoplasms with adhesion to the left colon: A case report and literature review
  206. Commentary
  207. Commentary on “Clinicopathological features of programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma”
  208. Rapid Communication
  209. COVID-19 fear, post-traumatic stress, growth, and the role of resilience
  210. Erratum
  211. Erratum to “Tollip promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via PI3K/AKT pathway”
  212. Erratum to “Effect of femoral head necrosis cystic area on femoral head collapse and stress distribution in femoral head: A clinical and finite element study”
  213. Erratum to “lncRNA NORAD promotes lung cancer progression by competitively binding to miR-28-3p with E2F2”
  214. Retraction
  215. Expression and role of ABIN1 in sepsis: In vitro and in vivo studies
  216. Retraction to “miR-519d downregulates LEP expression to inhibit preeclampsia development”
  217. Special Issue Computational Intelligence Methodologies Meets Recurrent Cancers - Part II
  218. Usefulness of close surveillance for rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2021-0372
Keywords for this article
hip disarticulation; delayed femoral vein ligation; operation time; blood loss
Creative Commons
BY 4.0

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Research Articles
  2. AMBRA1 attenuates the proliferation of uveal melanoma cells
  3. A ceRNA network mediated by LINC00475 in papillary thyroid carcinoma
  4. Differences in complications between hepatitis B-related cirrhosis and alcohol-related cirrhosis
  5. Effect of gestational diabetes mellitus on lipid profile: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  6. Long noncoding RNA NR2F1-AS1 stimulates the tumorigenic behavior of non-small cell lung cancer cells by sponging miR-363-3p to increase SOX4
  7. Promising novel biomarkers and candidate small-molecule drugs for lung adenocarcinoma: Evidence from bioinformatics analysis of high-throughput data
  8. Plasmapheresis: Is it a potential alternative treatment for chronic urticaria?
  9. The biomarkers of key miRNAs and gene targets associated with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma
  10. Gene signature to predict prognostic survival of hepatocellular carcinoma
  11. Effects of miRNA-199a-5p on cell proliferation and apoptosis of uterine leiomyoma by targeting MED12
  12. Does diabetes affect paraneoplastic thrombocytosis in colorectal cancer?
  13. Is there any effect on imprinted genes H19, PEG3, and SNRPN during AOA?
  14. Leptin and PCSK9 concentrations are associated with vascular endothelial cytokines in patients with stable coronary heart disease
  15. Pericentric inversion of chromosome 6 and male fertility problems
  16. Staple line reinforcement with nebulized cyanoacrylate glue in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A propensity score-matched study
  17. Retrospective analysis of crescent score in clinical prognosis of IgA nephropathy
  18. Expression of DNM3 is associated with good outcome in colorectal cancer
  19. Activation of SphK2 contributes to adipocyte-induced EOC cell proliferation
  20. CRRT influences PICCO measurements in febrile critically ill patients
  21. SLCO4A1-AS1 mediates pancreatic cancer development via miR-4673/KIF21B axis
  22. lncRNA ACTA2-AS1 inhibits malignant phenotypes of gastric cancer cells
  23. circ_AKT3 knockdown suppresses cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer
  24. Prognostic value of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase in human cancers: Evidence from a meta-analysis and database validation
  25. GPC2 deficiency inhibits cell growth and metastasis in colon adenocarcinoma
  26. A pan-cancer analysis of the oncogenic role of Holliday junction recognition protein in human tumors
  27. Radiation increases COL1A1, COL3A1, and COL1A2 expression in breast cancer
  28. Association between preventable risk factors and metabolic syndrome
  29. miR-29c-5p knockdown reduces inflammation and blood–brain barrier disruption by upregulating LRP6
  30. Cardiac contractility modulation ameliorates myocardial metabolic remodeling in a rabbit model of chronic heart failure through activation of AMPK and PPAR-α pathway
  31. Quercitrin protects human bronchial epithelial cells from oxidative damage
  32. Smurf2 suppresses the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma via ubiquitin degradation of Smad2
  33. circRNA_0001679/miR-338-3p/DUSP16 axis aggravates acute lung injury
  34. Sonoclot’s usefulness in prediction of cardiopulmonary arrest prognosis: A proof of concept study
  35. Four drug metabolism-related subgroups of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in prognosis, immune infiltration, and gene mutation
  36. Decreased expression of miR-195 mediated by hypermethylation promotes osteosarcoma
  37. LMO3 promotes proliferation and metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells by regulating LIMK1-mediated cofilin and the β-catenin pathway
  38. Cx43 upregulation in HUVECs under stretch via TGF-β1 and cytoskeletal network
  39. Evaluation of menstrual irregularities after COVID-19 vaccination: Results of the MECOVAC survey
  40. Histopathologic findings on removed stomach after sleeve gastrectomy. Do they influence the outcome?
  41. Analysis of the expression and prognostic value of MT1-MMP, β1-integrin and YAP1 in glioma
  42. Optimal diagnosis of the skin cancer using a hybrid deep neural network and grasshopper optimization algorithm
  43. miR-223-3p alleviates TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and extracellular matrix deposition by targeting SP3 in endometrial epithelial cells
  44. Clinical value of SIRT1 as a prognostic biomarker in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, a systematic meta-analysis
  45. circ_0020123 promotes cell proliferation and migration in lung adenocarcinoma via PDZD8
  46. miR-22-5p regulates the self-renewal of spermatogonial stem cells by targeting EZH2
  47. hsa-miR-340-5p inhibits epithelial–mesenchymal transition in endometriosis by targeting MAP3K2 and inactivating MAPK/ERK signaling
  48. circ_0085296 inhibits the biological functions of trophoblast cells to promote the progression of preeclampsia via the miR-942-5p/THBS2 network
  49. TCD hemodynamics findings in the subacute phase of anterior circulation stroke patients treated with mechanical thrombectomy
  50. Development of a risk-stratification scoring system for predicting risk of breast cancer based on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty pancreas disease, and uric acid
  51. Tollip promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via PI3K/AKT pathway
  52. circ_0062491 alleviates periodontitis via the miR-142-5p/IGF1 axis
  53. Human amniotic fluid as a source of stem cells
  54. lncRNA NONRATT013819.2 promotes transforming growth factor-β1-induced myofibroblastic transition of hepatic stellate cells by miR24-3p/lox
  55. NORAD modulates miR-30c-5p-LDHA to protect lung endothelial cells damage
  56. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis telemedicine management during COVID-19 outbreak
  57. Risk factors for adverse drug reactions associated with clopidogrel therapy
  58. Serum zinc associated with immunity and inflammatory markers in Covid-19
  59. The relationship between night shift work and breast cancer incidence: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
  60. LncRNA expression in idiopathic achalasia: New insight and preliminary exploration into pathogenesis
  61. Notoginsenoside R1 alleviates spinal cord injury through the miR-301a/KLF7 axis to activate Wnt/β-catenin pathway
  62. Moscatilin suppresses the inflammation from macrophages and T cells
  63. Zoledronate promotes ECM degradation and apoptosis via Wnt/β-catenin
  64. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related genes in coronary artery disease
  65. The effect evaluation of traditional vaginal surgery and transvaginal mesh surgery for severe pelvic organ prolapse: 5 years follow-up
  66. Repeated partial splenic artery embolization for hypersplenism improves platelet count
  67. Low expression of miR-27b in serum exosomes of non-small cell lung cancer facilitates its progression by affecting EGFR
  68. Exosomal hsa_circ_0000519 modulates the NSCLC cell growth and metastasis via miR-1258/RHOV axis
  69. miR-455-5p enhances 5-fluorouracil sensitivity in colorectal cancer cells by targeting PIK3R1 and DEPDC1
  70. The effect of tranexamic acid on the reduction of intraoperative and postoperative blood loss and thromboembolic risk in patients with hip fracture
  71. Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutation in cholangiocarcinoma impairs tumor progression by sensitizing cells to ferroptosis
  72. Artemisinin protects against cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury via inhibiting the NF-κB pathway
  73. A 16-gene signature associated with homologous recombination deficiency for prognosis prediction in patients with triple-negative breast cancer
  74. Lidocaine ameliorates chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain through regulating M1/M2 microglia polarization
  75. MicroRNA 322-5p reduced neuronal inflammation via the TLR4/TRAF6/NF-κB axis in a rat epilepsy model
  76. miR-1273h-5p suppresses CXCL12 expression and inhibits gastric cancer cell invasion and metastasis
  77. Clinical characteristics of pneumonia patients of long course of illness infected with SARS-CoV-2
  78. circRNF20 aggravates the malignancy of retinoblastoma depending on the regulation of miR-132-3p/PAX6 axis
  79. Linezolid for resistant Gram-positive bacterial infections in children under 12 years: A meta-analysis
  80. Rack1 regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines by NF-κB in diabetic nephropathy
  81. Comprehensive analysis of molecular mechanism and a novel prognostic signature based on small nuclear RNA biomarkers in gastric cancer patients
  82. Smog and risk of maternal and fetal birth outcomes: A retrospective study in Baoding, China
  83. Let-7i-3p inhibits the cell cycle, proliferation, invasion, and migration of colorectal cancer cells via downregulating CCND1
  84. β2-Adrenergic receptor expression in subchondral bone of patients with varus knee osteoarthritis
  85. Possible impact of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on suicide behavior among patients in Southeast Serbia
  86. In vitro antimicrobial activity of ozonated oil in liposome eyedrop against multidrug-resistant bacteria
  87. Potential biomarkers for inflammatory response in acute lung injury
  88. A low serum uric acid concentration predicts a poor prognosis in adult patients with candidemia
  89. Antitumor activity of recombinant oncolytic vaccinia virus with human IL2
  90. ALKBH5 inhibits TNF-α-induced apoptosis of HUVECs through Bcl-2 pathway
  91. Risk prediction of cardiovascular disease using machine learning classifiers
  92. Value of ultrasonography parameters in diagnosing polycystic ovary syndrome
  93. Bioinformatics analysis reveals three key genes and four survival genes associated with youth-onset NSCLC
  94. Identification of autophagy-related biomarkers in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension based on bioinformatics analysis
  95. Protective effects of glaucocalyxin A on the airway of asthmatic mice
  96. Overexpression of miR-100-5p inhibits papillary thyroid cancer progression via targeting FZD8
  97. Bioinformatics-based analysis of SUMOylation-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma reveals a role of upregulated SAE1 in promoting cell proliferation
  98. Effectiveness and clinical benefits of new anti-diabetic drugs: A real life experience
  99. Identification of osteoporosis based on gene biomarkers using support vector machine
  100. Tanshinone IIA reverses oxaliplatin resistance in colorectal cancer through microRNA-30b-5p/AVEN axis
  101. miR-212-5p inhibits nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression by targeting METTL3
  102. Association of ST-T changes with all-cause mortality among patients with peripheral T-cell lymphomas
  103. LINC00665/miRNAs axis-mediated collagen type XI alpha 1 correlates with immune infiltration and malignant phenotypes in lung adenocarcinoma
  104. The perinatal factors that influence the excretion of fecal calprotectin in premature-born children
  105. Effect of femoral head necrosis cystic area on femoral head collapse and stress distribution in femoral head: A clinical and finite element study
  106. Does the use of 3D-printed cones give a chance to postpone the use of megaprostheses in patients with large bone defects in the knee joint?
  107. lncRNA HAGLR modulates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury in mice through regulating miR-133a-3p/MAPK1 axis
  108. Protective effect of ghrelin on intestinal I/R injury in rats
  109. In vivo knee kinematics of an innovative prosthesis design
  110. Relationship between the height of fibular head and the incidence and severity of knee osteoarthritis
  111. lncRNA WT1-AS attenuates hypoxia/ischemia-induced neuronal injury during cerebral ischemic stroke via miR-186-5p/XIAP axis
  112. Correlation of cardiac troponin T and APACHE III score with all-cause in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with acute pulmonary embolism
  113. LncRNA LINC01857 reduces metastasis and angiogenesis in breast cancer cells via regulating miR-2052/CENPQ axis
  114. Endothelial cell-specific molecule 1 (ESM1) promoted by transcription factor SPI1 acts as an oncogene to modulate the malignant phenotype of endometrial cancer
  115. SELENBP1 inhibits progression of colorectal cancer by suppressing epithelial–mesenchymal transition
  116. Visfatin is negatively associated with coronary artery lesions in subjects with impaired fasting glucose
  117. Treatment and outcomes of mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction during the Covid-19 era: A comparison with the pre-Covid-19 period. A systematic review and meta-analysis
  118. Neonatal stroke surveillance study protocol in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland
  119. Oncogenic role of TWF2 in human tumors: A pan-cancer analysis
  120. Mean corpuscular hemoglobin predicts the length of hospital stay independent of severity classification in patients with acute pancreatitis
  121. Association of gallstone and polymorphisms of UGT1A1*27 and UGT1A1*28 in patients with hepatitis B virus-related liver failure
  122. TGF-β1 upregulates Sar1a expression and induces procollagen-I secretion in hypertrophic scarring fibroblasts
  123. Antisense lncRNA PCNA-AS1 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression through the miR-2467-3p/PCNA axis
  124. NK-cell dysfunction of acute myeloid leukemia in relation to the renin–angiotensin system and neurotransmitter genes
  125. The effect of dilution with glucose and prolonged injection time on dexamethasone-induced perineal irritation – A randomized controlled trial
  126. miR-146-5p restrains calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells by suppressing TRAF6
  127. Role of lncRNA MIAT/miR-361-3p/CCAR2 in prostate cancer cells
  128. lncRNA NORAD promotes lung cancer progression by competitively binding to miR-28-3p with E2F2
  129. Noninvasive diagnosis of AIH/PBC overlap syndrome based on prediction models
  130. lncRNA FAM230B is highly expressed in colorectal cancer and suppresses the maturation of miR-1182 to increase cell proliferation
  131. circ-LIMK1 regulates cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma by targeting miR-512-5p/HMGA1 axis
  132. LncRNA SNHG3 promoted cell proliferation, migration, and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via regulating miR-151a-3p/PFN2 axis
  133. Risk perception and affective state on work exhaustion in obstetrics during the COVID-19 pandemic
  134. lncRNA-AC130710/miR-129-5p/mGluR1 axis promote migration and invasion by activating PKCα-MAPK signal pathway in melanoma
  135. SNRPB promotes cell cycle progression in thyroid carcinoma via inhibiting p53
  136. Xylooligosaccharides and aerobic training regulate metabolism and behavior in rats with streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes
  137. Serpin family A member 1 is an oncogene in glioma and its translation is enhanced by NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 through RNA-binding activity
  138. Silencing of CPSF7 inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung adenocarcinoma cells by blocking the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
  139. Ultrasound-guided lumbar plexus block versus transversus abdominis plane block for analgesia in children with hip dislocation: A double-blind, randomized trial
  140. Relationship of plasma MBP and 8-oxo-dG with brain damage in preterm
  141. Identification of a novel necroptosis-associated miRNA signature for predicting the prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
  142. Delayed femoral vein ligation reduces operative time and blood loss during hip disarticulation in patients with extremity tumors
  143. The expression of ASAP3 and NOTCH3 and the clinicopathological characteristics of adult glioma patients
  144. Longitudinal analysis of factors related to Helicobacter pylori infection in Chinese adults
  145. HOXA10 enhances cell proliferation and suppresses apoptosis in esophageal cancer via activating p38/ERK signaling pathway
  146. Meta-analysis of early-life antibiotic use and allergic rhinitis
  147. Marital status and its correlation with age, race, and gender in prognosis of tonsil squamous cell carcinomas
  148. HPV16 E6E7 up-regulates KIF2A expression by activating JNK/c-Jun signal, is beneficial to migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells
  149. Amino acid profiles in the tissue and serum of patients with liver cancer
  150. Pain in critically ill COVID-19 patients: An Italian retrospective study
  151. Immunohistochemical distribution of Bcl-2 and p53 apoptotic markers in acetamiprid-induced nephrotoxicity
  152. Estradiol pretreatment in GnRH antagonist protocol for IVF/ICSI treatment
  153. Long non-coding RNAs LINC00689 inhibits the apoptosis of human nucleus pulposus cells via miR-3127-5p/ATG7 axis-mediated autophagy
  154. The relationship between oxygen therapy, drug therapy, and COVID-19 mortality
  155. Monitoring hypertensive disorders in pregnancy to prevent preeclampsia in pregnant women of advanced maternal age: Trial mimicking with retrospective data
  156. SETD1A promotes the proliferation and glycolysis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway
  157. The role of Shunaoxin pills in the treatment of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and its main pharmacodynamic components
  158. TET3 governs malignant behaviors and unfavorable prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by activating the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway
  159. Associations between morphokinetic parameters of temporary-arrest embryos and the clinical prognosis in FET cycles
  160. Long noncoding RNA WT1-AS regulates trophoblast proliferation, migration, and invasion via the microRNA-186-5p/CADM2 axis
  161. The incidence of bronchiectasis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
  162. Integrated bioinformatics analysis shows integrin alpha 3 is a prognostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer
  163. Inhibition of miR-21 improves pulmonary vascular responses in bronchopulmonary dysplasia by targeting the DDAH1/ADMA/NO pathway
  164. Comparison of hospitalized patients with severe pneumonia caused by COVID-19 and influenza A (H7N9 and H1N1): A retrospective study from a designated hospital
  165. lncRNA ZFAS1 promotes intervertebral disc degeneration by upregulating AAK1
  166. Pathological characteristics of liver injury induced by N,N-dimethylformamide: From humans to animal models
  167. lncRNA ELFN1-AS1 enhances the progression of colon cancer by targeting miR-4270 to upregulate AURKB
  168. DARS-AS1 modulates cell proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells by regulating miR-330-3p/NAT10 axis
  169. Dezocine inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting CRABP2 in ovarian cancer
  170. MGST1 alleviates the oxidative stress of trophoblast cells induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation and promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
  171. Bifidobacterium lactis Probio-M8 ameliorated the symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus mice by changing ileum FXR-CYP7A1
  172. circRNA DENND1B inhibits tumorigenicity of clear cell renal cell carcinoma via miR-122-5p/TIMP2 axis
  173. EphA3 targeted by miR-3666 contributes to melanoma malignancy via activating ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways
  174. Pacemakers and methylprednisolone pulse therapy in immune-related myocarditis concomitant with complete heart block
  175. miRNA-130a-3p targets sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 to activate the microglial and astrocytes and to promote neural injury under the high glucose condition
  176. Review Articles
  177. Current management of cancer pain in Italy: Expert opinion paper
  178. Hearing loss and brain disorders: A review of multiple pathologies
  179. The rationale for using low-molecular weight heparin in the therapy of symptomatic COVID-19 patients
  180. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and delayed onset muscle soreness in light of the impaired blink and stretch reflexes – watch out for Piezo2
  181. Interleukin-35 in autoimmune dermatoses: Current concepts
  182. Recent discoveries in microbiota dysbiosis, cholangiocytic factors, and models for studying the pathogenesis of primary sclerosing cholangitis
  183. Advantages of ketamine in pediatric anesthesia
  184. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Role of dentist in early diagnosis
  185. Migraine management: Non-pharmacological points for patients and health care professionals
  186. Atherogenic index of plasma and coronary artery disease: A systematic review
  187. Physiological and modulatory role of thioredoxins in the cellular function
  188. Case Reports
  189. Intrauterine Bakri balloon tamponade plus cervical cerclage for the prevention and treatment of postpartum haemorrhage in late pregnancy complicated with acute aortic dissection: Case series
  190. A case of successful pembrolizumab monotherapy in a patient with advanced lung adenocarcinoma: Use of multiple biomarkers in combination for clinical practice
  191. Unusual neurological manifestations of bilateral medial medullary infarction: A case report
  192. Atypical symptoms of malignant hyperthermia: A rare causative mutation in the RYR1 gene
  193. A case report of dermatomyositis with the missed diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer and concurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis
  194. A rare case of endometrial polyp complicated with uterine inversion: A case report and clinical management
  195. Spontaneous rupturing of splenic artery aneurysm: Another reason for fatal syncope and shock (Case report and literature review)
  196. Fungal infection mimicking COVID-19 infection – A case report
  197. Concurrent aspergillosis and cystic pulmonary metastases in a patient with tongue squamous cell carcinoma
  198. Paraganglioma-induced inverted takotsubo-like cardiomyopathy leading to cardiogenic shock successfully treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
  199. Lineage switch from lymphoma to myeloid neoplasms: First case series from a single institution
  200. Trismus during tracheal extubation as a complication of general anaesthesia – A case report
  201. Simultaneous treatment of a pubovesical fistula and lymph node metastasis secondary to multimodal treatment for prostate cancer: Case report and review of the literature
  202. Two case reports of skin vasculitis following the COVID-19 immunization
  203. Ureteroiliac fistula after oncological surgery: Case report and review of the literature
  204. Synchronous triple primary malignant tumours in the bladder, prostate, and lung harbouring TP53 and MEK1 mutations accompanied with severe cardiovascular diseases: A case report
  205. Huge mucinous cystic neoplasms with adhesion to the left colon: A case report and literature review
  206. Commentary
  207. Commentary on “Clinicopathological features of programmed cell death-ligand 1 expression in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma”
  208. Rapid Communication
  209. COVID-19 fear, post-traumatic stress, growth, and the role of resilience
  210. Erratum
  211. Erratum to “Tollip promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression via PI3K/AKT pathway”
  212. Erratum to “Effect of femoral head necrosis cystic area on femoral head collapse and stress distribution in femoral head: A clinical and finite element study”
  213. Erratum to “lncRNA NORAD promotes lung cancer progression by competitively binding to miR-28-3p with E2F2”
  214. Retraction
  215. Expression and role of ABIN1 in sepsis: In vitro and in vivo studies
  216. Retraction to “miR-519d downregulates LEP expression to inhibit preeclampsia development”
  217. Special Issue Computational Intelligence Methodologies Meets Recurrent Cancers - Part II
  218. Usefulness of close surveillance for rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
Sign up now to receive a 20% welcome discount
Institutional Access
How does access work?
Have an idea on how to improve our website?
Please write us.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Downloaded on 17.9.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/med-2021-0372/html
Scroll to top button