Home Crystal structure of dichlorido-bis(4-chlorophenyl-κC 1)(2,2′-bipyridyl-κ 2 N,N′)tin(IV), C22H16Cl4N2Sn
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Crystal structure of dichlorido-bis(4-chlorophenyl-κC 1)(2,2′-bipyridyl-κ 2 N,N′)tin(IV), C22H16Cl4N2Sn

  • Kong Mun Lo , See Mun Lee and Edward R. T. Tiekink ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: September 8, 2021

Abstract

C22H16Cl4N2Sn, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.0393(1) Å, b = 14.4490(2) Å, c = 14.1502(2) Å, β = 92.846(1)°, V = 2050.07(5) Å3, Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.0224, wR ref (F 2) = 0.0590, T = 100 K.

CCDC no.: 2106188

The molecular structure is shown in the figure. Table 1 contains crystallographic data and Table 2 contains the list of the atoms including atomic coordinates and displacement parameters.

Table 1:

Data collection and handling.

Crystal: Colourless prism
Size: 0.13 × 0.10 × 0.06 mm
Wavelength: Cu Kα radiation (1.54184 Å)
μ: 14.8 mm−1
Diffractometer, scan mode: XtaLAB Synergy, ω
θ max, completeness: 67.1°, >99%
N(hkl)measuredN(hkl)uniqueR int: 25,880, 3647, 0.036
Criterion for I obs, N(hkl)gt: I obs > 2 σ(I obs), 3497
N(param)refined: 262
Programs: Bruker [1], SHELX [2, 3], WinGX/ORTEP [4]
Table 2:

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2).

Atom x y z U iso*/U eq
Sn 0.48922 (2) 0.34213 (2) 0.34646 (2) 0.00959 (7)
Cl1 0.35554 (6) 0.44407 (4) 0.44585 (4) 0.01527 (14)
Cl2 0.73368 (6) 0.36947 (5) 0.38890 (4) 0.01501 (14)
Cl3 0.49888 (7) 0.66403 (5) 0.00763 (5) 0.01858 (15)
Cl4 0.48966 (7) 0.00721 (5) 0.67177 (5) 0.01939 (15)
N1 0.5352 (2) 0.22738 (16) 0.23146 (15) 0.0120 (5)
N2 0.2884 (2) 0.28155 (16) 0.27707 (15) 0.0114 (4)
C1 0.4930 (3) 0.44484 (19) 0.23635 (18) 0.0117 (5)
C2 0.3745 (3) 0.48319 (19) 0.19884 (18) 0.0135 (5)
H2 0.292026 0.463369 0.222010 0.016*
C3 0.3748 (3) 0.5503 (2) 0.12777 (18) 0.0144 (6)
H3 0.293527 0.575887 0.102478 0.017*
C4 0.4957 (3) 0.57877 (19) 0.09485 (18) 0.0145 (6)
C5 0.6149 (3) 0.5425 (2) 0.13087 (19) 0.0162 (6)
H5 0.697138 0.563035 0.107763 0.019*
C6 0.6131 (3) 0.4756 (2) 0.20149 (19) 0.0142 (6)
H6 0.694846 0.450346 0.226428 0.017*
C7 0.4888 (3) 0.23218 (19) 0.44930 (18) 0.0125 (5)
C8 0.6047 (3) 0.1833 (2) 0.47377 (19) 0.0152 (6)
H8 0.684796 0.198237 0.444123 0.018*
C9 0.6055 (3) 0.1131 (2) 0.54082 (19) 0.0158 (6)
H9 0.685144 0.079962 0.557020 0.019*
C10 0.4880 (3) 0.09214 (19) 0.58364 (18) 0.0142 (6)
C11 0.3709 (3) 0.1393 (2) 0.56072 (19) 0.0154 (6)
H11 0.291089 0.124002 0.590499 0.019*
C12 0.3720 (3) 0.2093 (2) 0.49344 (19) 0.0144 (6)
H12 0.292007 0.242092 0.477280 0.017*
C13 0.6593 (3) 0.2006 (2) 0.21367 (19) 0.0159 (6)
H13 0.732261 0.228985 0.247745 0.019*
C14 0.6852 (3) 0.1330 (2) 0.1473 (2) 0.0189 (6)
H14 0.774118 0.114378 0.137105 0.023*
C15 0.5790 (3) 0.0933 (2) 0.0965 (2) 0.0203 (6)
H15 0.593860 0.047696 0.049885 0.024*
C16 0.4506 (3) 0.1207 (2) 0.1143 (2) 0.0180 (6)
H16 0.376438 0.094166 0.079883 0.022*
C17 0.4312 (3) 0.1878 (2) 0.18311 (18) 0.0127 (5)
C18 0.2954 (3) 0.21638 (19) 0.20850 (18) 0.0129 (5)
C19 0.1812 (3) 0.1775 (2) 0.1660 (2) 0.0170 (6)
H19 0.187879 0.132879 0.117149 0.020*
C20 0.0579 (3) 0.2040 (2) 0.1951 (2) 0.0196 (6)
H20 −0.020962 0.177475 0.166768 0.024*
C21 0.0498 (3) 0.2694 (2) 0.2659 (2) 0.0182 (6)
H21 −0.034149 0.288067 0.287551 0.022*
C22 0.1674 (3) 0.3069 (2) 0.30448 (19) 0.0152 (6)
H22 0.162202 0.352600 0.352434 0.018*

Source of material

The (4-chlorophenyl)2SnCl2 precursor was prepared as per the literature procedure [5]. Equimolar quantities of (4-chlorophenyl)2SnCl2 (0.5 g, 1.2 mmol) and 2,2′-bipyridyl (Sigma, 0.2 g, 1.2 mmol) were dissolved separately in ethanol (50 mL). The solutions were mixed to give a white precipitate which was recrystallised from methanol to afford colourless crystals of the title compound. Yield: 0.41 g (60.1%). M.pt (Stuart SMP30 digital melting point apparatus; uncorrected): 509–511 K. IR (Bruker Vertex 70v FTIR Spectrometer; cm−1): 1600(s) ν(C=N), 1594 (m) ν(C=C), 1084 (m) ν(C–N). 1H NMR (Bruker Ascend 400 MHz NMR spectrometer; DMSO-d 6; ppm relative to Me4Si): δ 7.40–7.47 (m, 4H, Ph–H), 7.62–7.67 (m, 4H, Ph–H), 7.70–7.75 (m, 6H, Pyr–H), 8.21–8.28 (m, 2H, Pyr–H). 13 C{ 1 H} NMR (as for 1H NMR): 121.6, 123.4, 128.8, 129.8, 134.3, 136.9, 138.9, 148.9, 157.4.

Experimental details

The H atoms were geometrically placed (C–H = 0.95 Å) and refined as riding with U iso(H) = 1.2U eq(C). Owing to poor agreement, seven reflections (as detailed in the deposited CIF) were omitted from the final cycles of refinement.

Comment

Having the attributes of hydrogen-bonding, for example, directionality and strength, halogen-bonding is well-established in crystals of molecules containing halide atoms [6, 7]. In this context and during the course of structural studies of relatively halide-rich diorganotin dichlorides [5, 8, 9], crystals of the title adduct (4-chlorophenyl)2SnCl2(2,2′-bipyridyl), hereafter (I), were isolated.

The molecular structure of (I) is shown in the figure (70% displacement ellipsoids). The tin atom in (I) is located on a general position and is coordinated by two chloride atoms [Sn–Cl1, Cl2 = 2.4772(6) & 2.5285(6) Å], two nitrogen atoms [Sn–N1, N2 = 2.384(2) & 2.366(2) Å] and two ipso-carbon atoms [Sn–C1, C7 = 2.153(3) & 2.155(3) Å] of the 4-chlorophenyl groups. A significant discrepancy is noted in the Sn–Cl bond lengths with the longer Sn–Cl2 bond being trans to the N2 atom, forming the shorter of the Sn–N bonds; the 4-chlorophenyl groups are opposite each other. However, it is noted that previously reported DFT calculations indicated non-systematic variations in the geometric parameters involving tin atom may be generally ascribed to the influence of molecular packing effects, for example for compounds of the general formula R2SnCl2(bipyridyl-type ligand) [10, 11]. Although the C2Cl2N2 donor set approximates an octahedron, there are deviations from 180° noted for the trans angles, i.e. C1–Sn–C7 is 175.97(10)°, Cl1–Sn–N1 is 158.38(6)° and Cl2–Sn–N2 is 162.43(6)°. These distortions may be ascribed, at least in part, to the tight N1–Sn–N2 chelate angle of 69.47(8)°.

There are several crystal structures related to (I) available in the literature. Thus, the two polymorphs of Ph2SnCl2(2,2′-bipyridyl) [12, 13] and that of (4-tolyl)2SnCl2(2,2′-bipyridyl) [14] adopt the same structural motif, as does the compound closely related to (I) where 2,2′-bipyridyl is replaced by 1,10-phenanthroline [8].

The most notable interactions in the crystal are of the type chlorophenyl-C–Cl⃛π(pyridyl, chlorophenyl) and π(pyridyl)⃛π(chlorophenyl). For the former interactions, each chloride of the chlorophenyl groups is located in a bay defined by two rings [C4–Cl3⃛Cg(N1–C13–C17) i : Cl3⃛Cg(N1–C13–C17) i  = 3.5402(13) Å with angle at Cl3 = 169.76(11)°; C4–Cl3⃛Cg(C1–C6) i : Cl3⃛Cg(C1–C6) i  = 3.5353(13) Å with angle at Cl3 = 88.91(9)°; C10–Cl4⃛Cg(N1–C13–C17) ii : Cl4⃛Cg(N1–C13–C17) ii  = 3.4013(13) Å with angle at Cl4 = 171.47(11)°; C10–Cl4⃛Cg(C7–C12) ii : Cl4⃛Cg(C7–C12) ii  = 3.6311(13) Å with angle at Cl4 = 86.88(9)° for symmetry operations (i): 1−x, 1−y, −z and (ii): 1−x, −y, 1−z] with the result a supramolecular chain can be discerned along [0 −1 1]. Based on the C–Cl⃛Cg angles, each chloride atom forms an end-on C–Cl⃛π interaction with a pyridyl ring and a side-on C–Cl⃛π interaction with a 4-chlorophenyl ring. The connections between the chains to consolidate a three-dimensional architecture are the π(pyridyl)⃛π(chlorophenyl) contacts [Cg(N2, C18–C22)⃛Cg(C7–C12) iii  = 3.7972(16) Å, angle between rings = 11.41(13)° and the slippage = 2.12 Å for (iii): −1/2+x, 1/2−y, −1/2+z].

Additional data on the molecular packing was achieved by the calculation of the Hirshfeld surfaces and two-dimensional fingerprint plots (full and delineated into individual contacts) with Crystal Explorer 17 [15] using literature procedures [16]. As is usually the case, H⃛H contacts dominate, at 33.1%. Other significant contributions to the surface contacts are due to Cl⃛H/H⃛Cl [29.0%], C⃛H/H⃛C [16.3%] and Cl⃛C/C⃛Cl [11.5%]. The next most significant contribution comes from Cl⃛Cl contacts, at 2.0%, but these, e.g. Cl1⃛Cl1 iv  = 3.5962(8) Å [(iv): 1−x, 1−y, 1−z] are at distances longer than the van der Waals radii of 3.50 Å [17] and are unlikely to be structure directing. Similar lack of formation of Cl⃛Cl halogen-bonding interactions was noted for the other aforementioned chloride-rich diorganotin dichloride species [5, 8, 9].


Corresponding author: Edward R. T. Tiekink, Research Centre for Crystalline Materials, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia, E-mail:

Funding source: Sunway University

Award Identifier / Grant number: GRTIN-IRG-01-2021

  1. Author contributions: All the authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  2. Research funding: Sunway University Sdn Bhd (Grant No. GRTIN-IRG-01-2021).

  3. Conflict of interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest regarding this article.

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Received: 2021-08-11
Accepted: 2021-08-29
Published Online: 2021-09-08
Published in Print: 2021-12-20

© 2021 Kong Mun Lo et al., published by De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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  46. The crystal structure of (E)-N′-(butan-2-ylidene)isonicotinohydrazide 0.5 hydrate C10H13N3O·0.5H2O
  47. The crystal structure of bis(6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxylate-κ2 N,O)-(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2 N,N′)zinc(II) monohydrate, C34H26N4O5Zn
  48. The crystal structure of (1R *,2S *)-1,2-bis(2-fluorophenyl)-3,8-dimethoxyacenaphthene-1,2-diol, C26H20F2O4
  49. Crystal structure of catena-poly[(μ2-1-((2-ethyl-4-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)-1H-benzotriazole-κ2N:N′)-(nitrato-κ2O,O′)silver (I)], C13H15Ag1N6O3
  50. The crystal structure of [(phenantroline-κ2 N,N′)-bis(6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxylate-κ2 N,O)cobalt(II)]monohydrate, C36H26N4O5Co
  51. Crystal structure of (1E)-N-[(1E)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethylidene]-2-[1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethylidene]hydrazine-1-carbohydrazonamide, C 17 H 17 Cl 2 N 5
  52. The crystal structure of (E)-2-((tert-butylimino)methyl)-4-chlorophenol, C11H14ClNO
  53. Crystal structure of all-cis-2,4,6-trihydroxycyclohexane- 1,3,5-triaminium chloride sulfate, C6H18ClN3O7S
  54. Crystal structure of dichlorido-bis(dimethyl sulfoxide-κO)bis(4-methylphenyl-κC 1)tin(IV), C18H26Cl2O2S2Sn
  55. Crystal structure of dichlorido-bis(4-chlorophenyl-κC 1)(2,2′-bipyridyl-κ 2 N,N′)tin(IV), C22H16Cl4N2Sn
  56. Redetermination of the crystal structure of (E)-5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde oxime, C 7 H 6 BrNO 2
  57. The crystal structure of (E)-amino(2-(4-methylbenzylidene)hydrazineyl)methaniminium 4-methylbenzoate, C9H13N4 + C8H7O2
  58. Crystal structure of 2-chloro-3-(isopentylamino)naphthalene-1,4-dione, C 15 H 16 ClNO 2
  59. The crystal structure of bis(2-acetyl-5-methoxyphenyl)carbonate 1.5 hydrate, C19H18O7
  60. The crystal structure of poly[(μ 4-4,4′-(azanediylbis(methylene))dibenzoato-κ 4 O:N:O′:Oʺ)zinc(II)], C16H13NO4Zn
  61. The crystal structure of catena-poly[(1,10-phenanthroline-k2N,N′)-(μ3-tetraoxidomoybdato(VI)-k3O:O′:O″)manganese(II)] C12H8N2O4MoMn
  62. Crystal structure of catena-poly[(4-hydroxyl-5-(methoylcarbonyl)thiophene-2-carboxylato-κ1 O)-(μ2-piperazine-1,4-diylbis(pyridin-4-ylmethanone)-κ2 N:N′)silver(I)] monohydrate, C23H23AgN4O8S
  63. Crystal structure of bis(4-bromo-2-(((3-bromopropyl)imino)methyl)phenolato-κ2N,O)-oxido-vanadium(IV), C20H20Br4N2O3V
  64. The crystal structure of (2a′S,2a1′S,3R,5a′S,7′R)-5-(furan-3-yl)-2a′,2a1′-dihydroxy-7′-methyldecahydro-2H-spiro[furan-3,6′-naphtho[1,8-bc]furan]-2,2′(2a′H)-dione, C19H22O7
  65. The crystal structure of 3-bromopicolinic acid, C6H4BrNO2
  66. Crystal structure of 1,1′-(1,4-phenylenebis(methylene))bis(pyridin-1-ium) bis(1,2-dicyanoethene-1,2-dithiolato-κ2 S,S) platinum(II), C26H18N6PtS4
  67. Synthesis and crystal structure of 5-(8-((3-carboxyazetidin-1-ium-1-yl)methyl)-7-hydroxy-4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)-2-hydroxybenzenesulfonate monohydrate, C20H19NO10S
  68. The crystal structure of 3-amino-5-carboxypyridin-1-ium bromide, C6H7BrN2O2
  69. The crystal structure of (2-hydroxy-5-methyl-phenyl)-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-methanone hemihydrate, C11H10.5N2O2.5
  70. Crystal structure of tetraaqua-(2-(4-formylphenoxy)acetato-k1O)cadmium(II), C18H22O12Cd
  71. Crystal structure of diethyl 6,12-dimethyl-3,9-di-p-tolyl-3,9-diazapentacyclo[6.4.0.02,7.04,11.05,10]dodecane-1,5-dicarboxylate, C32H38N2O4
  72. Crystal structure of (E)-N′-(1-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)ethylidene)-4-hydroxy – tetrahydrofuran (2/1), C17H16ClFN2O2.5
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