Startseite Down-regulation of IGHG1 enhances Protoporphyrin IX accumulation and inhibits hemin biosynthesis in colorectal cancer by suppressing the MEK-FECH axis
Artikel Open Access

Down-regulation of IGHG1 enhances Protoporphyrin IX accumulation and inhibits hemin biosynthesis in colorectal cancer by suppressing the MEK-FECH axis

  • Guangjian Yang , Gang Li EMAIL logo , Xuemei Du , Wenting Zhou , Xiaohong Zou , Yuanfu Liu , Hong Lv und Zhenjiang Li
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 6. September 2021
Artikel downloaden (PDF)
Open Life Sciences
Aus der Zeitschrift Open Life Sciences Band 16 Heft 1

Abstract

Immunoglobulin γ-1 heavy chain constant region (IGHG1) is a functional isoform of immunoglobulins and plays an important role in the cytolytic activity of immune effector cells. Dysregulated IGHG1 was implicated in the occurrence and development of various tumors. Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) is an endogenous fluorophore and is used in photodynamic therapy, which induces the generation of reactive oxygen species to initiate the death of tumor cells. However, the roles of IGHG1 in the colorectal cancer cell proliferation and PpIX accumulation have not been reported yet. Data from qRT-PCR and western blot analysis showed that IGHG1 was up-regulated in the colorectal cancer cells. Colorectal cancer cells were then transfected with shRNA targeting IGHG1 to down-regulate IGHG1 and conducted with Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK8) and colony formation assays. Results demonstrated that shRNA-mediated down-regulation of IGHG1 decreased cell viability of colorectal cancer and suppressed cell proliferation. Moreover, PpIX accumulation was promoted and the hemin content was decreased by the silence of IGHG1. Interference of IGHG1 reduced the phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and ferrochelatase (FECH) expression, resulting in retarded cell proliferation in an MEK-FECH axis-dependent pathway.

Keywords: IGHG1; protoporphyrin IX; hemin; colorectal cancer; MEK-FECH

1 Introduction

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common tumors globally, with a death rate of 13.7/year per 100,000 persons [1,2]. The 5-year overall survival rate of patients with colorectal cancer at the early stage is about 90%, while approximately 30% for the patients who suffer lymph nodes or distant nodes metastases [3]. Therefore, the diagnosis of colorectal cancer is important for the treatment of cancer. Nowadays, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are the major therapeutic strategies for colorectal cancer, while the recurrence rate of colorectal cancer is high in patients post-surgery [4]. Patients with advanced colorectal cancer often face the risk of tumor metastasis, so novel strategies are required to prolong the survival rate of the patients [5].

Fluorescence-guided surgery with exogenous administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid has been used as the preoperative imaging technique for cancer detection [6]. 5-Aminolevulinic acid is metabolically converted to protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), which functions as an endogenous fluorophore and is used in fluorescence-guided surgery for the detection of colorectal cancer [7]. Moreover, PpIX has been found to be accumulated in the cancer cells and can increase the sensitivity of radiotherapy [8]. PpIX, with the ability to induce DNA double-strand break and reduce damage repair, was commonly used in photodynamic therapy [9]. PpIX is complexed with Fe2+ to produce heme under the catalysis of ferrochelatase (FECH), and heme was reported to be related to the malignant process of colorectal cancer [10]. Therefore, the promotion of PpIX accumulation and the inhibition of heme biosynthesis might inhibit colorectal cancer progression and provide ideas for increasing the sensitivity of radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy.

As a functional isoform of immunoglobulins, immunoglobulin γ-1 heavy chain constant region (IGHG1) is implicated in the cytolytic activity of immune effector cells [11]. Enhanced expression of IGHG1 is closely associated with the occurrence of breast cancer [12]. IGHG1 has been shown to promote the metastasis of gastric [13] and ovarian [14] cancer. Inhibition of IGHG1 suppressed the cell proliferation of prostate cancer and promoted cell apoptosis [15]. In addition, inhibition of IGHG1 suppressed prostate cancer growth through inactivation of MEK/ERK pathway [16], and suppression of MEK activation promoted the accumulation of PPIX in colon cancer cells [17]. IGHG1 was hypothesized to regulate PpIX accumulation and heme biosynthesis during the development of colorectal cancer in this study.

2 Materials and methods

2.1 TCGA analysis

GEPIA database (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/) was used to plot the gene expression level of IGHG1 between 275 colon adenocarcinoma tissues and 349 normal tissues in TCGA RNA-seq raw data.

2.2 Cell culture and transfection

Human intestinal epithelial cells (HIEC) and colorectal cancer cells (HT29, SW480, SW620, HCT116) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). Cells were cultured in DMEM medium (30-2002; Wisent Corporation, Wisent, Canada) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (502; Wisent Corporation) in a humidified incubator at 37°C. HT29 cells were seeded in a 96-well plate for 24 h to achieve 80% confluence and then transfected with shRNA targeting IGHG1 (Genepharma, Shanghai, China) by Lipofectamine 2000 (11668019; Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA).

2.3 qRT-PCR

HIEC, HT29, SW480, SW620, and HCT116 cells were incubated with Trizol (R0016; Takara, Shiga, Japan) for RNA isolation. The RNAs were reverse-transcribed into cDNAs using PrimeScript™ RT reagent kit (RR037B; TaKaRa). qRT-PCR analysis of IGHG1 was performed using SYBR Green Mix (RR091B; Takara) with the following conditions: 95°C for 10 min, 40 cycles of 95°C for 15 s and 60°C for 1 min. GAPDH was used as the endogenous control, and the specific primers were indicated as follows: GAPDH forward: 5′-GAAGGTGAAGGTCGGAGT-3′ and reverse: 5′-GAAGATGGTGATGGGATTTC-3′; and IGHG1 forward: 5′-ACTCCGACGGCTCCTTCTTC-3′ and reverse: 5′-TTCTGCGTGTAGTGGTTGTGC-3′.

2.4 Cell viability and proliferation

HT29 cells were seeded into the 96-well plate for 24, 48, or 72 h. CCK8 solution (C0037; Beyotime, Beijing, China) was added to each well and incubated for 2 h. Absorbance at 450 nm was measured using a microplate reader (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) to detect the cell viability. For cell proliferation assay, HT29 cells were seeded in the 6-well plate and cultured for 14 days. Paraformaldehyde-fixed and crystal violet-stained cells were observed under a light microscope (Olympus, Tokyo, Japan).

2.5 Flow cytometry

2.5.1 PpIX and heme measurement

Cellular fluorescence of PpIX in HT29 was measured under FACS Calibur (BD Biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA) with excitation wavelength at 488 nm and emission wavelength at 650 nm. Data were analyzed using FlowJo (LLC, Ashland, OR, USA). HT29 cells were homogenized in the hemin assay buffer from Hemin assay kit (MAK036; Sigma Aldrich). The cell lysates were incubated with hemin substrate, hemin probe, and enzyme mix for 1 h. Absorbance at 570 nm was detected using a Synergy MX plate reader (BioTek Instruments Inc. Winooski, VT, USA) for the determination of heme content.

2.6 Ferrochelatase activity

The lysate of HT29 cells was incubated with 200 µM PpIX (Sigma Aldrich) in assay buffer (0.3% v/v Tween 20 and 1 mM palmitic acid in 0.1 M tris-HCl, pH 8.0). Zinc acetate solution (50 µL; 2 mM) was added into the cell lysate and incubated for 2 h. Ice-cold stop buffer (1 mM EDTA in 30:70 DMSO/methanol) was used to terminate the reaction. Following centrifugation in 14,000 g for 10 min, the intensity of fluorescence at 590 nm (with 405 nm excitation wavelength) was measured under the Synergy MX plate reader to determine the formation of zinc-protoporphyrin IX.

2.7 Western blot

HT29 cells were lysed in RIPA buffer (WB-0071; Ding Guo Chang Sheng Biotech, Beijing, China), and centrifugated at 12,000 g for 1 h to harvest the supernatant. The protein concentration was calculated using the bicinchoninic acid protein assay kit (BCA1-1KT; Sigma Aldrich). Samples (40 µg) were separated using SDS-PAGE and then transferred to the PVDF membrane. The membranes were blocked with 5% non-fat milk and then probed with anti-IGHG1 (1:2,000; ab108969; Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), anti-ERK (ab54230) and anti-p-ERK (1:2,500; ab192591; Abcam), anti-FECH (1:3,000; ab219349; Abcam), and anti-β-actin (1:3,500; ab8227; Abcam). Following incubation with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated immunoglobulin G (1:4,000; ab6721; Abcam), the blots were detected using enhanced chemiluminescence (KeyGen, Nanjin, China).

2.8 Statistical analysis

Results from three independent experiments were presented as mean ± SD. Statistical analyses between different groups were performed with one-way analysis of variance or Student’s t-test using SPSS 19.0 software (Armonk, NY, USA). p < 0.05 was considered as a significant difference.

3 Results

3.1 Up-regulation of IGHG1 in colorectal cancer

Higher expression of IGHG1 was identified in the colorectal cancer cells (HT29, SW480, SW620, and HCT116) compared to human intestinal epithelial cell (HIEC) (Figure 1b and c), suggesting that IGHG1 might be implicated in colorectal cancer progression.

Figure 1 Up-regulation of IGHG1 in colorectal cancer. (a) IGHG1 was highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues compared to the normal tissues based on TCGA database. (b) IGHG1 was highly expressed in colorectal cancer cells (HT29, SW480, SW620, HCT116) compared to human intestinal epithelial cells (HIEC) based on qRT-PCR analysis. (c) IGHG1 was highly expressed in colorectal cancer cells (HT29, SW480, SW620, HCT116) compared to human intestinal epithelial cells (HIEC) based on western blot analysis. *, ** vs HIEC, p < 0.05, p < 0.01.
Figure 1

Up-regulation of IGHG1 in colorectal cancer. (a) IGHG1 was highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues compared to the normal tissues based on TCGA database. (b) IGHG1 was highly expressed in colorectal cancer cells (HT29, SW480, SW620, HCT116) compared to human intestinal epithelial cells (HIEC) based on qRT-PCR analysis. (c) IGHG1 was highly expressed in colorectal cancer cells (HT29, SW480, SW620, HCT116) compared to human intestinal epithelial cells (HIEC) based on western blot analysis. *, ** vs HIEC, p < 0.05, p < 0.01.

3.2 IGHG1 contributed to colorectal cancer cell proliferation

HT29 was transfected with shRNA targeting IGHG1 to investigate the functional role of IGHG1 in colorectal cancer. IGHG1 was down-regulated in HT29 cells transfected with shIGHG1 (Figure 2a). Knockdown of IGHG1 inhibited the cell viability and proliferation of HT29 cells (Figure 2b and c), demonstrating that silence of IGHG1 had an anti-proliferative effect on colorectal cancer cells.

Figure 2 IGHG1 contributed to colorectal cancer cell proliferation. (a) The expression of IGHG1 in HT29 cells transfected with shIGHG1 and shNC. (b) Knockdown of IGHG1 decreased cell viability of HT29cells. (c) Knockdown of IGHG1 repressed cell proliferation of HT29 cells. **, *** vs shNC, p < 0.01, p < 0.001.
Figure 2

IGHG1 contributed to colorectal cancer cell proliferation. (a) The expression of IGHG1 in HT29 cells transfected with shIGHG1 and shNC. (b) Knockdown of IGHG1 decreased cell viability of HT29cells. (c) Knockdown of IGHG1 repressed cell proliferation of HT29 cells. **, *** vs shNC, p < 0.01, p < 0.001.

3.3 IGHG1 mediated PpIX accumulation and heme biosynthesis in colorectal cancer

To determine the effect of IGHG1 on PpIX accumulation, HT29 cells transfected with shIGHG1 and shNC (negative control group) were conducted with flow cytometry analysis. Compared with control, cells transfected with shIGHG1 showed higher intensity of cellular fluorescence of PpIX (Figure 3a), indicating that knockdown of IGHG1 enhanced PpIX accumulation in the colorectal cancer cell. Moreover, heme content in HT29 cells was reduced by knockdown of IGHG1 (Figure 3b), revealing that knockdown of IGHG1 suppressed heme biosynthesis in the colorectal cancer cell.

Figure 3 IGHG1 mediated PpIX accumulation and heme biosynthesis in colorectal cancer. (a) Knockdown of IGHG1 enhanced cellular fluorescence of PpIX in HT29 cells. (b) Knockdown of IGHG1 reduced heme content in HT29 cells. *** vs shNC, p < 0.001.
Figure 3

IGHG1 mediated PpIX accumulation and heme biosynthesis in colorectal cancer. (a) Knockdown of IGHG1 enhanced cellular fluorescence of PpIX in HT29 cells. (b) Knockdown of IGHG1 reduced heme content in HT29 cells. *** vs shNC, p < 0.001.

3.4 IGHG1 mediated MEK-FECH signaling activation in colorectal cancer

Knockdown of IGHG1 reduced the expression and the activity of FECH protein, an enzyme involved in heme biosynthesis, in HT29 cells (Figure 4a and b), which indicated that IGHG1 contributed to FECH activation in colorectal cancer. In addition, phosphorylated ERK was also decreased by knockdown of IGHG1 in HT29 cells (Figure 4a), showing that silence of IGHG1 retarded MEK-FECH signaling transduction in colorectal cancer.

Figure 4 IGHG1 mediated MEK-FECH signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. (a) Knockdown of IGHG1 reduced expression of phosphorylated ERK and FECH in HT29 cells. (b) Knockdown of IGHG1 reduced FECH activity in HT29 cells. **, *** vs shNC, p < 0.01, p < 0.001.
Figure 4

IGHG1 mediated MEK-FECH signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. (a) Knockdown of IGHG1 reduced expression of phosphorylated ERK and FECH in HT29 cells. (b) Knockdown of IGHG1 reduced FECH activity in HT29 cells. **, *** vs shNC, p < 0.01, p < 0.001.

4 Discussion

Immunoglobulins are aberrantly expressed in the tumor cells [18]. High level of immunoglobulin M and low level of immunoglobulin A function as a prognostic indicator of colorectal cancer [19]. Cancer immunoglobulin G was also dysregulated in colorectal cancer [20] and participated in colorectal cancer progression [21]. Considering IGHG1 was involved in the tumorigenesis of a variety of cancers, the functional role of IGHG1 in colorectal cancer was investigated in this study.

IGHG1 was found to be enhanced in the colorectal cancer cells. Moreover, data based on TCGA (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/) analysis showed that the expression of IGHG1 was also elevated in the colorectal cancer tissues (Figure 1a). Therefore, IGHG1 might be involved in colorectal cancer progression. Knockdown of IGHG1 decreased the cell viability of colorectal cancer and suppressed cell proliferation. These results suggested that IGHG1 contributed to colorectal cancer cell proliferation.

Heme biosynthesis exists in all types of cells and plays a crucial role in cell metabolism, including oxygen transport, cell oxidation regulation, and drug metabolism [22]. In addition, heme is implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, such as tumors [23]. Heme accumulation has been reported to induce cytotoxic heme factor formation, which results in cytotoxic damage to colonic epithelial cells [23]. Moreover, heme also alters the intestinal flora to enhance heme-induced cytotoxic effects, thus leading to colorectal carcinogenesis [23]. Here, the silence of IGHG1 reduced the heme content in HT29 cells and exerted anti-tumor role. Additionally, PpIX, the intermediate in heme biosynthesis pathway, has been shown to induce the production of reactive oxygen species under visible light excitation, thus leading to the death of cancer cells [24]. Inducing accumulation of intracellular PpIX has been reported to be a small-molecule-based approach for treating colon cancer [25]. In the present study, cellular fluorescence of PpIX was enhanced by knockdown of IGHG1 in the colorectal cancer cells, indicating that IGHG1 might be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of colorectal cancer through regulation of PpIX accumulation and heme biosynthesis.

MEK pathway is activated by inducing mutations of major oncogenic proteins or growth factors, thus leading to enhanced cellular growth, invasion, development, and resistance to therapy during carcinogenesis and maintenance of colorectal cancer [26]. Inactivation of oncogenic MEK/ERK pathway promoted the suppression of colorectal cancer progression [27]. Moreover, activation of oncogenic Ras/MEK pathway promoted the activity of FECH, thus reducing the PpIX accumulation [28]. The repression of oncogenic Ras/MEK signaling pathway reduced the activity of FECH and increased PpIX accumulation, which blocked breast cancer progression both in vitro and in vivo [17]. This study showed that knockdown of IGHG1 reduced the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and reduced expression (and therefore activity) of ferrochelatase (FECH) in colorectal cancer cells, revealing that IGHG1 silence might repress the progression of colorectal cancer through inactivating the MEK-FECH signaling pathway.

In summary, IGHG1, up-regulated in the colorectal cancer tissues and cells, contributed to the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells through increasing heme biosynthesis and decreasing PpIX accumulation. In the MEK-FECH axis-dependent pathway, suggesting that IGHG1 might be a novel potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer treatment. However, the in-vivo regulatory role of IGHG1 in colorectal cancer should be further investigated to confirm the anti-tumor effect of IGHG1 silence. Moreover, the effect of IGHG1 on colorectal cancer cell migration and invasion will be investigated in further research.

tel: +86-028-68331113

  1. Funding information: This work was supported by the Sichuan Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission Project (Grant No. 18PJ028).

  2. Author contributions: Guangjian Yang and Gang Li designed the study, supervised the data collection, Xuemei Du and Wenting Zhou analyzed the data, interpreted the data, XiaohongZou, Yuanfu Liu, Hong Lv and Zhenjiang Li prepared the manuscript for publication and reviewed the draft of the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the manuscript.

  3. Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Data availability statement: The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Reference

[1] Duan L, Yang W, Wang X, Zhou W, Zhang Y, Liu J, et al. Advances in prognostic markers for colorectal cancer. Exp Rev Mol Diagn. 2019;19(4):313–24.10.1080/14737159.2019.1592679Suche in Google Scholar

[2] Akinci M, Bozkurt H, Gür HÜ, Koyuncu A, Değerli MS, Yüksel S, et al. Evaluation of colorectal surgical patients and treatment modalities in a COVID-19 pandemic hospital: a cross-sectional study. Signa Vitae. 2020;16(2):155–9.Suche in Google Scholar

[3] Kaminski MF, Robertson DJ, Senore C, Rex DK. Optimizing the quality of colorectal cancer screening worldwide. Gastroenterology. 2020;158(2):404–17.10.1053/j.gastro.2019.11.026Suche in Google Scholar

[4] Dekker E, Tanis PJ, Vleugels JLA, Kasi PM, Wallace MB. Colorectal cancer. Lancet. 2019;394(10207):1467–80.10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32319-0Suche in Google Scholar

[5] Morse MA, Hochster H, Benson A. Perspectives on treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Oncologist. 2020;25(1):33–45.10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0176Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[6] Liu JTC, Meza D, Sanai N. Trends in fluorescence image-guided surgery for gliomas. Neurosurgery. 2014;75(1):61–71.10.1227/NEU.0000000000000344Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[7] Moesta KT, Ebert B, Handke T, Nolte D, Nowak C, Haensch W, et al. Protoporphyrin IX occurs naturally in colorectal cancers and their metastases1. Cancer Res. 2001;61:991–9.Suche in Google Scholar

[8] Wang B, Xu Y-T, Zhang L, Zheng J, Sroka R, Wang H-W, et al. Protoporphyrin IX fluorescence as potential indicator of psoriasis severity and progression. Photodiagn Photodyn Ther. 2017;19:304–7.10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.05.016Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[9] Guyotat J, Pallud J, Armoiry X, Pavlov V, Metellus P. 5-Aminolevulinic acid-protoporphyrin IX fluorescence-guided surgery of high-grade gliomas: a systematic review. Adv Tech St Neurosurg. 2016;43:61–90.10.1007/978-3-319-21359-0_3Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[10] Kim H, Yin K, Falcon DM, Xue X. The interaction of Hemin and Sestrin2 modulates oxidative stress and colon tumor growth. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2019;374:77–85.10.1016/j.taap.2019.04.025Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[11] Li X, Ni R, Chen J, Liu Z, Xiao M, Jiang F, et al. The presence of IGHG1 in human pancreatic carcinomas is associated with immune evasion mechanisms. Pancreas. 2011;40(5):753–61.10.1097/MPA.0b013e318213d51bSuche in Google Scholar PubMed

[12] Yang B, Ma C, Chen Z, Yi W, McNutt MA, Wang Y, et al. Correlation of immunoglobulin G expression and histological subtype and stage in breast cancer. PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58706.10.1371/journal.pone.0058706Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[13] Li Y, Wang P, Ye D, Bai X, Zeng X, Zhao Q, et al. IGHG1 induces EMT in gastric cancer cells by regulating TGF-β/SMAD3 signaling pathway. J Cancer. 2021;12(12):3458–67.10.7150/jca.56056Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[14] Qian J, Ji F, Ye X, Cheng H, Ma R, Chang X, et al. IGHG1 promotes motility likely through epithelial-mesenchymal transition in ovarian cancer. Chin J Cancer Res. 2018;30(2):282–90.10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2018.02.11Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[15] Pan B, Zheng S, Liu C, Xu Y. Suppression of IGHG1 gene expression by siRNA leads to growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in human prostate cancer cell. Mol Biol Rep. 2012;40(1):27–33.10.1007/s11033-012-1944-xSuche in Google Scholar PubMed

[16] Chu J, Li Y, Deng Z, Zhang Z, Xie Q, Zhang H, et al. IGHG1 regulates prostate cancer growth via the MEK/ERK/c-Myc pathway. Biomed Res Int. 2019;2019:7201562.10.1155/2019/7201562Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[17] Yoshioka E, Chelakkot VS, Licursi M, Rutihinda SG, Som J, Derwish L, et al. Enhancement of cancer-specific protoporphyrin IX fluorescence by targeting oncogenic ras/MEK pathway. Theranostics. 2018;8(8):2134–46.10.7150/thno.22641Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[18] Hu D, Duan Z, Li M, Jiang Y, Liu H, Zheng H, et al. Heterogeneity of aberrant immunoglobulin expression in cancer cells. Cell Mol Immunol. 2011;8(6):479–85.10.1038/cmi.2011.25Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[19] Slater G, Papatestas AE, Shafir M, Aufses AH. Serum immunoglobulins in colorectal cancer. J Surgical Oncol. 1980;14(2):167–71.10.1002/jso.2930140210Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[20] Niu N, Zhang J, Huang T, Sun Y, Chen Z, Yi W, et al. IgG expression in human colorectal cancer and its relationship to cancer cell behaviors. PLoS One. 2012;7:e47362.10.1371/journal.pone.0047362Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[21] Jiang H-P, Kang B, Huang X, Yan Y, Wang S, Ye Y, et al. Cancer IgG, a potential prognostic marker, promotes colorectal cancer progression. Chin J Cancer Res. 2019;31:499–510.10.21147/j.issn.1000-9604.2019.03.12Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[22] Heinemann IU, Jahn M, Jahn D. The biochemistry of heme biosynthesis. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2008;474(2):238–51.10.1016/j.abb.2008.02.015Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[23] Fiorito V, Chiabrando D, Petrillo S, Bertino F, Tolosano E. The multifaceted role of heme in cancer. Front Oncol. 2020;9:1540.10.3389/fonc.2019.01540Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[24] Ishizuka M, Abe F, Sano Y, Takahashi K, Inoue K, Nakajima M, et al. Novel development of 5-aminolevurinic acid (ALA) in cancer diagnoses and therapy. Int Immunopharmacol. 2011;11(3):358–65.10.1016/j.intimp.2010.11.029Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[25] Kemmner W, Wan K, Ruettinger S, Ebert B, Macdonald R, Klamm U, et al. Silencing of human ferrochelatase causes abundant protoporphyrin-IX accumulation in colon cancer. FASEB J. 2008;22:500–9.10.1096/fj.07-8888comSuche in Google Scholar PubMed

[26] Neuzillet C, Tijeras-Raballand A, de Mestier L, Cros J, Faivre S, Raymond E. MEK in cancer and cancer therapy. Pharmacol Ther. 2014;141(2):160–71.10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.10.001Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[27] Wang X, Wu F, Wang H, Duan X, Huang R, Tuersuntuoheti A, et al. PDCD6 cooperates with C-Raf to facilitate colorectal cancer progression via Raf/MEK/ERK activation. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2020;39(1):147.10.1186/s13046-020-01632-9Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[28] Chelakkot VS, Liu K, Yoshioka E, Saha S, Xu D, Licursi M, et al. MEK reduces cancer-specific PpIX accumulation through the RSK-ABCB1 and HIF-1α-FECH axes. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):22124.10.1038/s41598-020-79144-xSuche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

Received: 2021-06-09
Revised: 2021-07-20
Accepted: 2021-07-23
Published Online: 2021-09-06

© 2021 Guangjian Yang et al., published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Biomedical Sciences
  2. Research progress on the mechanism of orexin in pain regulation in different brain regions
  3. Adriamycin-resistant cells are significantly less fit than adriamycin-sensitive cells in cervical cancer
  4. Exogenous spermidine affects polyamine metabolism in the mouse hypothalamus
  5. Iris metastasis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma misdiagnosed as primary angle-closure glaucoma: A case report and review of the literature
  6. LncRNA PVT1 promotes cervical cancer progression by sponging miR-503 to upregulate ARL2 expression
  7. Two new inflammatory markers related to the CURB-65 score for disease severity in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: The hypersensitive C-reactive protein to albumin ratio and fibrinogen to albumin ratio
  8. Circ_0091579 enhances the malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma via miR-1287/PDK2 axis
  9. Silencing XIST mitigated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory injury in human lung fibroblast WI-38 cells through modulating miR-30b-5p/CCL16 axis and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway
  10. Protocatechuic acid attenuates cerebral aneurysm formation and progression by inhibiting TNF-alpha/Nrf-2/NF-kB-mediated inflammatory mechanisms in experimental rats
  11. ABCB1 polymorphism in clopidogrel-treated Montenegrin patients
  12. Metabolic profiling of fatty acids in Tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside- and triptolide-induced liver-injured rats
  13. miR-338-3p inhibits cell growth, invasion, and EMT process in neuroblastoma through targeting MMP-2
  14. Verification of neuroprotective effects of alpha-lipoic acid on chronic neuropathic pain in a chronic constriction injury rat model
  15. Circ_WWC3 overexpression decelerates the progression of osteosarcoma by regulating miR-421/PDE7B axis
  16. Knockdown of TUG1 rescues cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through targeting the miR-497/MEF2C axis
  17. MiR-146b-3p protects against AR42J cell injury in cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis model through targeting Anxa2
  18. miR-299-3p suppresses cell progression and induces apoptosis by downregulating PAX3 in gastric cancer
  19. Diabetes and COVID-19
  20. Discovery of novel potential KIT inhibitors for the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor
  21. TEAD4 is a novel independent predictor of prognosis in LGG patients with IDH mutation
  22. circTLK1 facilitates the proliferation and metastasis of renal cell carcinoma by regulating miR-495-3p/CBL axis
  23. microRNA-9-5p protects liver sinusoidal endothelial cell against oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion injury
  24. Long noncoding RNA TUG1 regulates degradation of chondrocyte extracellular matrix via miR-320c/MMP-13 axis in osteoarthritis
  25. Duodenal adenocarcinoma with skin metastasis as initial manifestation: A case report
  26. Effects of Loofah cylindrica extract on learning and memory ability, brain tissue morphology, and immune function of aging mice
  27. Recombinant Bacteroides fragilis enterotoxin-1 (rBFT-1) promotes proliferation of colorectal cancer via CCL3-related molecular pathways
  28. Blocking circ_UBR4 suppressed proliferation, migration, and cell cycle progression of human vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis
  29. Gene therapy in PIDs, hemoglobin, ocular, neurodegenerative, and hemophilia B disorders
  30. Downregulation of circ_0037655 impedes glioma formation and metastasis via the regulation of miR-1229-3p/ITGB8 axis
  31. Vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes population
  32. Circ_0013359 facilitates the tumorigenicity of melanoma by regulating miR-136-5p/RAB9A axis
  33. Mechanisms of circular RNA circ_0066147 on pancreatic cancer progression
  34. lncRNA myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) knockdown alleviates LPS-induced chondrocytes inflammatory injury via regulating miR-488-3p/sex determining region Y-related HMG-box 11 (SOX11) axis
  35. Identification of circRNA circ-CSPP1 as a potent driver of colorectal cancer by directly targeting the miR-431/LASP1 axis
  36. Hyperhomocysteinemia exacerbates ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced acute kidney injury by mediating oxidative stress, DNA damage, JNK pathway, and apoptosis
  37. Potential prognostic markers and significant lncRNA–mRNA co-expression pairs in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
  38. Gamma irradiation-mediated inactivation of enveloped viruses with conservation of genome integrity: Potential application for SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine development
  39. ADHFE1 is a correlative factor of patient survival in cancer
  40. The association of transcription factor Prox1 with the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer
  41. Is there a relationship between the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease and diabetic kidney disease?
  42. Immunoregulatory function of Dictyophora echinovolvata spore polysaccharides in immunocompromised mice induced by cyclophosphamide
  43. T cell epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and conserved surface protein of Plasmodium malariae share sequence homology
  44. Anti-obesity effect and mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells influence on obese mice
  45. Long noncoding RNA HULC contributes to paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer via miR-137/ITGB8 axis
  46. Glucocorticoids protect HEI-OC1 cells from tunicamycin-induced cell damage via inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress
  47. Prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning
  48. Gastroprotective effects of diosgenin against HCl/ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury through suppression of NF-κβ and myeloperoxidase activities
  49. Silencing of LINC00707 suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by modulating miR-338-3p/AHSA1 axis
  50. Successful extracorporeal membrane oxygenation resuscitation of patient with cardiogenic shock induced by phaeochromocytoma crisis mimicking hyperthyroidism: A case report
  51. Effects of miR-185-5p on replication of hepatitis C virus
  52. Lidocaine has antitumor effect on hepatocellular carcinoma via the circ_DYNC1H1/miR-520a-3p/USP14 axis
  53. Primary localized cutaneous nodular amyloidosis presenting as lymphatic malformation: A case report
  54. Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging analysis in the characteristics of Wilson’s disease: A case report and literature review
  55. Therapeutic potential of anticoagulant therapy in association with cytokine storm inhibition in severe cases of COVID-19: A case report
  56. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell lung carcinoma: A case report and literature review
  57. Rufinamide (RUF) suppresses inflammation and maintains the integrity of the blood–brain barrier during kainic acid-induced brain damage
  58. Inhibition of ADAM10 ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiac remodeling by suppressing N-cadherin cleavage
  59. Invasive ductal carcinoma and small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia manifesting as a collision breast tumor: A case report and literature review
  60. Clonal diversity of the B cell receptor repertoire in patients with coronary in-stent restenosis and type 2 diabetes
  61. CTLA-4 promotes lymphoma progression through tumor stem cell enrichment and immunosuppression
  62. WDR74 promotes proliferation and metastasis in colorectal cancer cells through regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
  63. Down-regulation of IGHG1 enhances Protoporphyrin IX accumulation and inhibits hemin biosynthesis in colorectal cancer by suppressing the MEK-FECH axis
  64. Curcumin suppresses the progression of gastric cancer by regulating circ_0056618/miR-194-5p axis
  65. Scutellarin-induced A549 cell apoptosis depends on activation of the transforming growth factor-β1/smad2/ROS/caspase-3 pathway
  66. lncRNA NEAT1 regulates CYP1A2 and influences steroid-induced necrosis
  67. A two-microRNA signature predicts the progression of male thyroid cancer
  68. Isolation of microglia from retinas of chronic ocular hypertensive rats
  69. Changes of immune cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated by radiofrequency ablation and hepatectomy, a pilot study
  70. Calcineurin Aβ gene knockdown inhibits transient outward potassium current ion channel remodeling in hypertrophic ventricular myocyte
  71. Aberrant expression of PI3K/AKT signaling is involved in apoptosis resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma
  72. Clinical significance of activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling in apoptosis inhibition of oral cancer
  73. circ_CHFR regulates ox-LDL-mediated cell proliferation, apoptosis, and EndoMT by miR-15a-5p/EGFR axis in human brain microvessel endothelial cells
  74. Resveratrol pretreatment mitigates LPS-induced acute lung injury by regulating conventional dendritic cells’ maturation and function
  75. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T promotes tumor stem cell characteristics and migration of cervical cancer cells by regulating the GRP78/FAK pathway
  76. Carriage of HLA-DRB1*11 and 1*12 alleles and risk factors in patients with breast cancer in Burkina Faso
  77. Protective effect of Lactobacillus-containing probiotics on intestinal mucosa of rats experiencing traumatic hemorrhagic shock
  78. Glucocorticoids induce osteonecrosis of the femoral head through the Hippo signaling pathway
  79. Endothelial cell-derived SSAO can increase MLC20 phosphorylation in VSMCs
  80. Downregulation of STOX1 is a novel prognostic biomarker for glioma patients
  81. miR-378a-3p regulates glioma cell chemosensitivity to cisplatin through IGF1R
  82. The molecular mechanisms underlying arecoline-induced cardiac fibrosis in rats
  83. TGF-β1-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells reciprocally regulate Th17/Treg cells by regulating the expression of IFN-γ
  84. The influence of MTHFR genetic polymorphisms on methotrexate therapy in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
  85. Red blood cell distribution width-standard deviation but not red blood cell distribution width-coefficient of variation as a potential index for the diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia in mid-pregnancy women
  86. Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma expressing alpha fetoprotein in the endometrium
  87. Superoxide dismutase and the sigma1 receptor as key elements of the antioxidant system in human gastrointestinal tract cancers
  88. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic studies of Echinococcus granulosus and Taenia multiceps coenurus cysts in slaughtered sheep in Saudi Arabia
  89. ITGB5 mutation discovered in a Chinese family with blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome
  90. ACTB and GAPDH appear at multiple SDS-PAGE positions, thus not suitable as reference genes for determining protein loading in techniques like Western blotting
  91. Facilitation of mouse skin-derived precursor growth and yield by optimizing plating density
  92. 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethanol ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced septic cardiac injury in a murine model
  93. Downregulation of PITX2 inhibits the proliferation and migration of liver cancer cells and induces cell apoptosis
  94. Expression of CDK9 in endometrial cancer tissues and its effect on the proliferation of HEC-1B
  95. Novel predictor of the occurrence of DKA in T1DM patients without infection: A combination of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and white blood cells
  96. Investigation of molecular regulation mechanism under the pathophysiology of subarachnoid hemorrhage
  97. miR-25-3p protects renal tubular epithelial cells from apoptosis induced by renal IRI by targeting DKK3
  98. Bioengineering and Biotechnology
  99. Green fabrication of Co and Co3O4 nanoparticles and their biomedical applications: A review
  100. Agriculture
  101. Effects of inorganic and organic selenium sources on the growth performance of broilers in China: A meta-analysis
  102. Crop-livestock integration practices, knowledge, and attitudes among smallholder farmers: Hedging against climate change-induced shocks in semi-arid Zimbabwe
  103. Food Science and Nutrition
  104. Effect of food processing on the antioxidant activity of flavones from Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce
  105. Vitamin D and iodine status was associated with the risk and complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus in China
  106. Diversity of microbiota in Slovak summer ewes’ cheese “Bryndza”
  107. Comparison between voltammetric detection methods for abalone-flavoring liquid
  108. Composition of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and their effects on the rheological properties of dough
  109. Application of culture, PCR, and PacBio sequencing for determination of microbial composition of milk from subclinical mastitis dairy cows of smallholder farms
  110. Investigating microplastics and potentially toxic elements contamination in canned Tuna, Salmon, and Sardine fishes from Taif markets, KSA
  111. From bench to bar side: Evaluating the red wine storage lesion
  112. Establishment of an iodine model for prevention of iodine-excess-induced thyroid dysfunction in pregnant women
  113. Plant Sciences
  114. Characterization of GMPP from Dendrobium huoshanense yielding GDP-D-mannose
  115. Comparative analysis of the SPL gene family in five Rosaceae species: Fragaria vesca, Malus domestica, Prunus persica, Rubus occidentalis, and Pyrus pyrifolia
  116. Identification of leaf rust resistance genes Lr34 and Lr46 in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ssp. aestivum) lines of different origin using multiplex PCR
  117. Investigation of bioactivities of Taxus chinensis, Taxus cuspidata, and Taxus × media by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
  118. Morphological structures and histochemistry of roots and shoots in Myricaria laxiflora (Tamaricaceae)
  119. Transcriptome analysis of resistance mechanism to potato wart disease
  120. In silico analysis of glycosyltransferase 2 family genes in duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) and its role in salt stress tolerance
  121. Comparative study on growth traits and ions regulation of zoysiagrasses under varied salinity treatments
  122. Role of MS1 homolog Ntms1 gene of tobacco infertility
  123. Biological characteristics and fungicide sensitivity of Pyricularia variabilis
  124. In silico/computational analysis of mevalonate pyrophosphate decarboxylase gene families in Campanulids
  125. Identification of novel drought-responsive miRNA regulatory network of drought stress response in common vetch (Vicia sativa)
  126. How photoautotrophy, photomixotrophy, and ventilation affect the stomata and fluorescence emission of pistachios rootstock?
  127. Apoplastic histochemical features of plant root walls that may facilitate ion uptake and retention
  128. Ecology and Environmental Sciences
  129. The impact of sewage sludge on the fungal communities in the rhizosphere and roots of barley and on barley yield
  130. Domestication of wild animals may provide a springboard for rapid variation of coronavirus
  131. Response of benthic invertebrate assemblages to seasonal and habitat condition in the Wewe River, Ashanti region (Ghana)
  132. Molecular record for the first authentication of Isaria cicadae from Vietnam
  133. Twig biomass allocation of Betula platyphylla in different habitats in Wudalianchi Volcano, northeast China
  134. Animal Sciences
  135. Supplementation of probiotics in water beneficial growth performance, carcass traits, immune function, and antioxidant capacity in broiler chickens
  136. Predators of the giant pine scale, Marchalina hellenica (Gennadius 1883; Hemiptera: Marchalinidae), out of its natural range in Turkey
  137. Honey in wound healing: An updated review
  138. NONMMUT140591.1 may serve as a ceRNA to regulate Gata5 in UT-B knockout-induced cardiac conduction block
  139. Radiotherapy for the treatment of pulmonary hydatidosis in sheep
  140. Retraction
  141. Retraction of “Long non-coding RNA TUG1 knockdown hinders the tumorigenesis of multiple myeloma by regulating microRNA-34a-5p/NOTCH1 signaling pathway”
  142. Special Issue on Reuse of Agro-Industrial By-Products
  143. An effect of positional isomerism of benzoic acid derivatives on antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli
  144. Special Issue on Computing and Artificial Techniques for Life Science Applications - Part II
  145. Relationship of Gensini score with retinal vessel diameter and arteriovenous ratio in senile CHD
  146. Effects of different enantiomers of amlodipine on lipid profiles and vasomotor factors in atherosclerotic rabbits
  147. Establishment of the New Zealand white rabbit animal model of fatty keratopathy associated with corneal neovascularization
  148. lncRNA MALAT1/miR-143 axis is a potential biomarker for in-stent restenosis and is involved in the multiplication of vascular smooth muscle cells
https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2021-0098
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
IGHG1; protoporphyrin IX; hemin; colorectal cancer; MEK-FECH
Creative Commons
BY 4.0

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Biomedical Sciences
  2. Research progress on the mechanism of orexin in pain regulation in different brain regions
  3. Adriamycin-resistant cells are significantly less fit than adriamycin-sensitive cells in cervical cancer
  4. Exogenous spermidine affects polyamine metabolism in the mouse hypothalamus
  5. Iris metastasis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma misdiagnosed as primary angle-closure glaucoma: A case report and review of the literature
  6. LncRNA PVT1 promotes cervical cancer progression by sponging miR-503 to upregulate ARL2 expression
  7. Two new inflammatory markers related to the CURB-65 score for disease severity in patients with community-acquired pneumonia: The hypersensitive C-reactive protein to albumin ratio and fibrinogen to albumin ratio
  8. Circ_0091579 enhances the malignancy of hepatocellular carcinoma via miR-1287/PDK2 axis
  9. Silencing XIST mitigated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory injury in human lung fibroblast WI-38 cells through modulating miR-30b-5p/CCL16 axis and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway
  10. Protocatechuic acid attenuates cerebral aneurysm formation and progression by inhibiting TNF-alpha/Nrf-2/NF-kB-mediated inflammatory mechanisms in experimental rats
  11. ABCB1 polymorphism in clopidogrel-treated Montenegrin patients
  12. Metabolic profiling of fatty acids in Tripterygium wilfordii multiglucoside- and triptolide-induced liver-injured rats
  13. miR-338-3p inhibits cell growth, invasion, and EMT process in neuroblastoma through targeting MMP-2
  14. Verification of neuroprotective effects of alpha-lipoic acid on chronic neuropathic pain in a chronic constriction injury rat model
  15. Circ_WWC3 overexpression decelerates the progression of osteosarcoma by regulating miR-421/PDE7B axis
  16. Knockdown of TUG1 rescues cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through targeting the miR-497/MEF2C axis
  17. MiR-146b-3p protects against AR42J cell injury in cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis model through targeting Anxa2
  18. miR-299-3p suppresses cell progression and induces apoptosis by downregulating PAX3 in gastric cancer
  19. Diabetes and COVID-19
  20. Discovery of novel potential KIT inhibitors for the treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor
  21. TEAD4 is a novel independent predictor of prognosis in LGG patients with IDH mutation
  22. circTLK1 facilitates the proliferation and metastasis of renal cell carcinoma by regulating miR-495-3p/CBL axis
  23. microRNA-9-5p protects liver sinusoidal endothelial cell against oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion injury
  24. Long noncoding RNA TUG1 regulates degradation of chondrocyte extracellular matrix via miR-320c/MMP-13 axis in osteoarthritis
  25. Duodenal adenocarcinoma with skin metastasis as initial manifestation: A case report
  26. Effects of Loofah cylindrica extract on learning and memory ability, brain tissue morphology, and immune function of aging mice
  27. Recombinant Bacteroides fragilis enterotoxin-1 (rBFT-1) promotes proliferation of colorectal cancer via CCL3-related molecular pathways
  28. Blocking circ_UBR4 suppressed proliferation, migration, and cell cycle progression of human vascular smooth muscle cells in atherosclerosis
  29. Gene therapy in PIDs, hemoglobin, ocular, neurodegenerative, and hemophilia B disorders
  30. Downregulation of circ_0037655 impedes glioma formation and metastasis via the regulation of miR-1229-3p/ITGB8 axis
  31. Vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes population
  32. Circ_0013359 facilitates the tumorigenicity of melanoma by regulating miR-136-5p/RAB9A axis
  33. Mechanisms of circular RNA circ_0066147 on pancreatic cancer progression
  34. lncRNA myocardial infarction-associated transcript (MIAT) knockdown alleviates LPS-induced chondrocytes inflammatory injury via regulating miR-488-3p/sex determining region Y-related HMG-box 11 (SOX11) axis
  35. Identification of circRNA circ-CSPP1 as a potent driver of colorectal cancer by directly targeting the miR-431/LASP1 axis
  36. Hyperhomocysteinemia exacerbates ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced acute kidney injury by mediating oxidative stress, DNA damage, JNK pathway, and apoptosis
  37. Potential prognostic markers and significant lncRNA–mRNA co-expression pairs in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
  38. Gamma irradiation-mediated inactivation of enveloped viruses with conservation of genome integrity: Potential application for SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine development
  39. ADHFE1 is a correlative factor of patient survival in cancer
  40. The association of transcription factor Prox1 with the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer
  41. Is there a relationship between the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease and diabetic kidney disease?
  42. Immunoregulatory function of Dictyophora echinovolvata spore polysaccharides in immunocompromised mice induced by cyclophosphamide
  43. T cell epitopes of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and conserved surface protein of Plasmodium malariae share sequence homology
  44. Anti-obesity effect and mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells influence on obese mice
  45. Long noncoding RNA HULC contributes to paclitaxel resistance in ovarian cancer via miR-137/ITGB8 axis
  46. Glucocorticoids protect HEI-OC1 cells from tunicamycin-induced cell damage via inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress
  47. Prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in acute organophosphorus pesticide poisoning
  48. Gastroprotective effects of diosgenin against HCl/ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury through suppression of NF-κβ and myeloperoxidase activities
  49. Silencing of LINC00707 suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by modulating miR-338-3p/AHSA1 axis
  50. Successful extracorporeal membrane oxygenation resuscitation of patient with cardiogenic shock induced by phaeochromocytoma crisis mimicking hyperthyroidism: A case report
  51. Effects of miR-185-5p on replication of hepatitis C virus
  52. Lidocaine has antitumor effect on hepatocellular carcinoma via the circ_DYNC1H1/miR-520a-3p/USP14 axis
  53. Primary localized cutaneous nodular amyloidosis presenting as lymphatic malformation: A case report
  54. Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging analysis in the characteristics of Wilson’s disease: A case report and literature review
  55. Therapeutic potential of anticoagulant therapy in association with cytokine storm inhibition in severe cases of COVID-19: A case report
  56. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy for locally advanced squamous cell lung carcinoma: A case report and literature review
  57. Rufinamide (RUF) suppresses inflammation and maintains the integrity of the blood–brain barrier during kainic acid-induced brain damage
  58. Inhibition of ADAM10 ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiac remodeling by suppressing N-cadherin cleavage
  59. Invasive ductal carcinoma and small lymphocytic lymphoma/chronic lymphocytic leukemia manifesting as a collision breast tumor: A case report and literature review
  60. Clonal diversity of the B cell receptor repertoire in patients with coronary in-stent restenosis and type 2 diabetes
  61. CTLA-4 promotes lymphoma progression through tumor stem cell enrichment and immunosuppression
  62. WDR74 promotes proliferation and metastasis in colorectal cancer cells through regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway
  63. Down-regulation of IGHG1 enhances Protoporphyrin IX accumulation and inhibits hemin biosynthesis in colorectal cancer by suppressing the MEK-FECH axis
  64. Curcumin suppresses the progression of gastric cancer by regulating circ_0056618/miR-194-5p axis
  65. Scutellarin-induced A549 cell apoptosis depends on activation of the transforming growth factor-β1/smad2/ROS/caspase-3 pathway
  66. lncRNA NEAT1 regulates CYP1A2 and influences steroid-induced necrosis
  67. A two-microRNA signature predicts the progression of male thyroid cancer
  68. Isolation of microglia from retinas of chronic ocular hypertensive rats
  69. Changes of immune cells in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated by radiofrequency ablation and hepatectomy, a pilot study
  70. Calcineurin Aβ gene knockdown inhibits transient outward potassium current ion channel remodeling in hypertrophic ventricular myocyte
  71. Aberrant expression of PI3K/AKT signaling is involved in apoptosis resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma
  72. Clinical significance of activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling in apoptosis inhibition of oral cancer
  73. circ_CHFR regulates ox-LDL-mediated cell proliferation, apoptosis, and EndoMT by miR-15a-5p/EGFR axis in human brain microvessel endothelial cells
  74. Resveratrol pretreatment mitigates LPS-induced acute lung injury by regulating conventional dendritic cells’ maturation and function
  75. Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2T promotes tumor stem cell characteristics and migration of cervical cancer cells by regulating the GRP78/FAK pathway
  76. Carriage of HLA-DRB1*11 and 1*12 alleles and risk factors in patients with breast cancer in Burkina Faso
  77. Protective effect of Lactobacillus-containing probiotics on intestinal mucosa of rats experiencing traumatic hemorrhagic shock
  78. Glucocorticoids induce osteonecrosis of the femoral head through the Hippo signaling pathway
  79. Endothelial cell-derived SSAO can increase MLC20 phosphorylation in VSMCs
  80. Downregulation of STOX1 is a novel prognostic biomarker for glioma patients
  81. miR-378a-3p regulates glioma cell chemosensitivity to cisplatin through IGF1R
  82. The molecular mechanisms underlying arecoline-induced cardiac fibrosis in rats
  83. TGF-β1-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells reciprocally regulate Th17/Treg cells by regulating the expression of IFN-γ
  84. The influence of MTHFR genetic polymorphisms on methotrexate therapy in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
  85. Red blood cell distribution width-standard deviation but not red blood cell distribution width-coefficient of variation as a potential index for the diagnosis of iron-deficiency anemia in mid-pregnancy women
  86. Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma expressing alpha fetoprotein in the endometrium
  87. Superoxide dismutase and the sigma1 receptor as key elements of the antioxidant system in human gastrointestinal tract cancers
  88. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic studies of Echinococcus granulosus and Taenia multiceps coenurus cysts in slaughtered sheep in Saudi Arabia
  89. ITGB5 mutation discovered in a Chinese family with blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome
  90. ACTB and GAPDH appear at multiple SDS-PAGE positions, thus not suitable as reference genes for determining protein loading in techniques like Western blotting
  91. Facilitation of mouse skin-derived precursor growth and yield by optimizing plating density
  92. 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylethanol ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced septic cardiac injury in a murine model
  93. Downregulation of PITX2 inhibits the proliferation and migration of liver cancer cells and induces cell apoptosis
  94. Expression of CDK9 in endometrial cancer tissues and its effect on the proliferation of HEC-1B
  95. Novel predictor of the occurrence of DKA in T1DM patients without infection: A combination of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and white blood cells
  96. Investigation of molecular regulation mechanism under the pathophysiology of subarachnoid hemorrhage
  97. miR-25-3p protects renal tubular epithelial cells from apoptosis induced by renal IRI by targeting DKK3
  98. Bioengineering and Biotechnology
  99. Green fabrication of Co and Co3O4 nanoparticles and their biomedical applications: A review
  100. Agriculture
  101. Effects of inorganic and organic selenium sources on the growth performance of broilers in China: A meta-analysis
  102. Crop-livestock integration practices, knowledge, and attitudes among smallholder farmers: Hedging against climate change-induced shocks in semi-arid Zimbabwe
  103. Food Science and Nutrition
  104. Effect of food processing on the antioxidant activity of flavones from Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce
  105. Vitamin D and iodine status was associated with the risk and complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus in China
  106. Diversity of microbiota in Slovak summer ewes’ cheese “Bryndza”
  107. Comparison between voltammetric detection methods for abalone-flavoring liquid
  108. Composition of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and their effects on the rheological properties of dough
  109. Application of culture, PCR, and PacBio sequencing for determination of microbial composition of milk from subclinical mastitis dairy cows of smallholder farms
  110. Investigating microplastics and potentially toxic elements contamination in canned Tuna, Salmon, and Sardine fishes from Taif markets, KSA
  111. From bench to bar side: Evaluating the red wine storage lesion
  112. Establishment of an iodine model for prevention of iodine-excess-induced thyroid dysfunction in pregnant women
  113. Plant Sciences
  114. Characterization of GMPP from Dendrobium huoshanense yielding GDP-D-mannose
  115. Comparative analysis of the SPL gene family in five Rosaceae species: Fragaria vesca, Malus domestica, Prunus persica, Rubus occidentalis, and Pyrus pyrifolia
  116. Identification of leaf rust resistance genes Lr34 and Lr46 in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ssp. aestivum) lines of different origin using multiplex PCR
  117. Investigation of bioactivities of Taxus chinensis, Taxus cuspidata, and Taxus × media by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
  118. Morphological structures and histochemistry of roots and shoots in Myricaria laxiflora (Tamaricaceae)
  119. Transcriptome analysis of resistance mechanism to potato wart disease
  120. In silico analysis of glycosyltransferase 2 family genes in duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) and its role in salt stress tolerance
  121. Comparative study on growth traits and ions regulation of zoysiagrasses under varied salinity treatments
  122. Role of MS1 homolog Ntms1 gene of tobacco infertility
  123. Biological characteristics and fungicide sensitivity of Pyricularia variabilis
  124. In silico/computational analysis of mevalonate pyrophosphate decarboxylase gene families in Campanulids
  125. Identification of novel drought-responsive miRNA regulatory network of drought stress response in common vetch (Vicia sativa)
  126. How photoautotrophy, photomixotrophy, and ventilation affect the stomata and fluorescence emission of pistachios rootstock?
  127. Apoplastic histochemical features of plant root walls that may facilitate ion uptake and retention
  128. Ecology and Environmental Sciences
  129. The impact of sewage sludge on the fungal communities in the rhizosphere and roots of barley and on barley yield
  130. Domestication of wild animals may provide a springboard for rapid variation of coronavirus
  131. Response of benthic invertebrate assemblages to seasonal and habitat condition in the Wewe River, Ashanti region (Ghana)
  132. Molecular record for the first authentication of Isaria cicadae from Vietnam
  133. Twig biomass allocation of Betula platyphylla in different habitats in Wudalianchi Volcano, northeast China
  134. Animal Sciences
  135. Supplementation of probiotics in water beneficial growth performance, carcass traits, immune function, and antioxidant capacity in broiler chickens
  136. Predators of the giant pine scale, Marchalina hellenica (Gennadius 1883; Hemiptera: Marchalinidae), out of its natural range in Turkey
  137. Honey in wound healing: An updated review
  138. NONMMUT140591.1 may serve as a ceRNA to regulate Gata5 in UT-B knockout-induced cardiac conduction block
  139. Radiotherapy for the treatment of pulmonary hydatidosis in sheep
  140. Retraction
  141. Retraction of “Long non-coding RNA TUG1 knockdown hinders the tumorigenesis of multiple myeloma by regulating microRNA-34a-5p/NOTCH1 signaling pathway”
  142. Special Issue on Reuse of Agro-Industrial By-Products
  143. An effect of positional isomerism of benzoic acid derivatives on antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli
  144. Special Issue on Computing and Artificial Techniques for Life Science Applications - Part II
  145. Relationship of Gensini score with retinal vessel diameter and arteriovenous ratio in senile CHD
  146. Effects of different enantiomers of amlodipine on lipid profiles and vasomotor factors in atherosclerotic rabbits
  147. Establishment of the New Zealand white rabbit animal model of fatty keratopathy associated with corneal neovascularization
  148. lncRNA MALAT1/miR-143 axis is a potential biomarker for in-stent restenosis and is involved in the multiplication of vascular smooth muscle cells
Jetzt anmelden und 20% sparen
Institutioneller Zugang
Wie funktioniert Authentifizierung?
Haben Sie eine Idee, wie wir unsere Website verbessern können?
Bitte schreiben Sie uns.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Heruntergeladen am 18.11.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/biol-2021-0098/html?lang=de
Button zum nach oben scrollen