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A Zn(ii)–organic cage with semirigid ligand for solvent-free cyanosilylation and inhibitory effect on ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion ability via regulating mi-RNA16 expression

  • Yan Yin , Hong Mai , Li-Ying Zhang , Yan Liao , Xu-Peng Liu and Ye-Ping Wei EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: August 29, 2020
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Open Chemistry
From the journal Open Chemistry Volume 18 Issue 1

Abstract

[Zn6(L)4(DMF)2(H2O)4](1,4-Dioxane)2(DMF)10(H2O)4 (1, L  =  4,4′,4″-(benzene-1,3,5-triyltris(oxy))tribenzoate), the metal-organic cage, was produced via Zn(NO3)2·6H2O reacting with the H3L ligand in the mixed solvent of DMF and water. The heterogeneous catalytic activities of the complex 1 for the aldehydes cyanidation under the conditions of free solvent were studied, which indicates that the removal of coordination solvents could greatly improve the catalytic activities. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of the compound against the ovarian cancer cells was assessed. The mi-RNA16 relative expression level was measured after exposure to the compound with real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The invasion and migration of cells after compound treatment were also detected by the transwell method.

Keywords: metal-organic cage; paddle-wheel cluster; cyanosilylation reaction; ovarian cancer

1 Introduction

Micro RNA (micro RNA, mi RNA) is a group of endogenous noncoding small molecular RNAs of about 21–23 nucleotides in length that are widely found in eukaryotes [1]. They are involved in the regulation of gene post-transcriptional levels and have a very significant function in the apoptosis and differentiation of cells. More and more studies have shown that changes in mi RNA expression levels are related to the pathogenesis and progression of a variety of human malignancies, for instance, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, as well as colorectal cancer [2,3]. The miRNA abnormal expression in ovarian cancer is closely related to its occurrence, development, metastasis, drug resistance, and prognosis [4]. It is expected to become a marker for early diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian cancer and provide a new clinical analysis for chemotherapy resistance and personalized treatment ideas.

The cyanation of carbonyl compounds involving the trimethylsilyl cyanide (TMSCN) is a direct and effective method to generate the C–C bond in the organic synthesis. In recent years, cyanohydrin has been widely concerned because it is the key intermediate for synthesizing the biologically significant compounds (for instance, the α-hydroxy acids, α-hydroxyl ketones as well as α-amino acids) [5,6,7]. Most researches have revealed that this reaction is catalyzed through homogeneous catalysts (i.e., metal Lewis acids/bases, inorganic solid acids/bases, and the nonmetallic organic molecules), but their performances are still limited and difficult to be separated and recovered [8,9,10]. Metal-organic polyhedron (MOP) is a kind of discrete container molecules and assembled via functional organic ligands and metal ions by the coordination bonds. As the basic sequence of nanochannels, nanocontainers, and porous materials, MOPs have been extensively studied [11,12,13,14]. In recent years, MOPs have been extensively utilized for many organic reactions as catalytic centers. For example, Li and his colleagues have reported the ring-opening of styrene oxide promoted via the MOP [15]; Wang and co-workers have applied an In(iii)–MOP as the heterogeneous catalyst in Strecker reaction of aminonitriles and CO2 cycloaddition [16]. In this research, [Zn6(L)4(DMF)2(H2O)4](1,4-dioxane)2(DMF)10(H2O)4 (1, L  =  4,4′,4″-(benzene-1,3,5-triyltris(oxy))tribenzoate), the metal-organic cage, was triumphantly produced through the reaction between H3L ligand and Zn(NO3)2·6H2O in the mixed solvent of DMF and water. The complex 1’s heterogeneous catalytic activities for the cyanosilylation of aldehydes under the solvent-free conditions were studied, which reveals that the removal of coordination solvents could greatly improve the catalytic activities. In the biostudy, the anticancer activity of the compound against the cancer cells was evaluated via the transwell assay and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The real-time RT-PCR results indicated that the compound could significantly increase the expression level of mi-RNA16 in a time-dependent manner, which is important to inhibit the cancer cell progression. In addition to this, the results for the invasion and migration of cancer cells also suggested that the compound reveals an outstanding inhibitory effect against cancer cells.

2 Experimental

2.1 Chemicals and measurements

The reagents and solvents utilized in this research were acquired from the market, and then they were utilized without additional purification unless otherwise specified. We commonly can utilize the spectrometer of Bruker tensor 27 to record the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra from 4,000 to 400 cm−1 utilizing the KBr pellets, which averaged 8 scans. Utilizing the Elemental analyzer of Elementar Vario-EL CHN to analyze the elements of Nitrogen, Hydrogen, as well as Carbon for complex in the fresh samples. A 3H-2000PS analyzer (Beishide, China) was utilized for the measurement of gas adsorption. The measurement of sorption was kept by the liquid nitrogen at 77 K. The yield for the separated product was detected via the GC-MS equipment (Agilent 5977B).

2.2 Preparation and characterization for [Zn6(L)4(DMF)2(H2O)4](1,4-Dioxane)2(DMF)10(H2O)4 (1)

We mixed 0.029 g and 0.1 mmol Zn(NO3)2·6H2O, H3L (0.05, 0.0243 g), DMF (1.5 mL), as well as 1,4-dioxane (1.5 mL) solution to form a mixture and stirred it for 10 min. After that, two drops of 1 mol/L HNO3 was added. Then, the solution was transferred to a 23 mL glass reactor and heated to 85°C. After 15 h, cooling the system to the ambient temperature and colorless bulk crystals were obtained. Elemental analysis (%) for 1 (C152H176N12O60Zn6): N, 4.77%; H, 5.04%; C, 51.82%. Found: N, 4.69%; H, 4.96%; and C, 51.48%.

We utilized the diffractometer of Oxford XcaliburE to get the data of X-ray. And we can analyze the data of strength through utilizing the software of crysalispro, after that transformed the intensity data into the files of HKL. The complex’s original skeleton models were built through utilizing SHELXS based on the direct manner [17] and then modified the model through the SHELXL-2014 in accordance with the least square manner [18]. Via utilizing the anisotropic parameters, all the atoms of nonhydrogen were refined. Afterward, the entire hydrogen atoms are geometrically fixed to C atom and they are connected to through utilizing the command of auto fixation. After the structural refinement, we found that the R1 value is still relatively large (0.107). The relatively large R1 value is attributed to the high thermal vibration of the ligands in the framework, which results in some relatively large Ueq values of the ligand atoms. Refining them using the disordered model is impossible because there are too many atoms in the asymmetry unit (more than 300). In addition, the highly disordered lattice solvents as well as the large void space also lead to the high residue Q peaks in the void spaces which could not be properly defined. The refinement along with the crystallographic parameters for the complex 1 is described in detail in Table 1.

Table 1

The parameters of crystallography and the refinement for complex 1

Empirical formula C228H164N4O84Zn12
Formula weight 5088.06
Temperature/K 293(2)
Crystal system Triclinic
Space group P1¯
a/Å22.6523(2)
b/Å 22.98210(15)
c/Å 24.0122(2)
α/° 118.2561(12)
β/° 89.9530(11)
γ/° 118.3320(12)
Volume/Å39279.35(19)
Z1
ρcalcg/cm30.911
μ/mm−10.817
Reflections collected 1,43,040
Independent reflections 36,828 [Rint = 0.0598, Rsigma = 0.0688]
Data/restraints/parameters 36,828/0/1,485
Goodness-of-fit on F21.263
Final R indexes [I ≥ 2σ(I)] R1 = 0.1071, ωR2 = 0.3142
Final R indexes [all data] R1 = 0.1209, ωR2 = 0.3324
Largest diff. peak/hole/e Å−31.21/−0.64
CCDC1987145

2.3 Real-time RT-PCR

At the aim of detecting the mi-RNA16 relative expression level in ovarian cancer cells CP70, real-time RT-PCR was conducted in this current research. This preformation was under instructions’ guidance as the former described. In short, the CP70 ovarian cancer cells were cultured in the incubator at 5% CO2 and 37°C condition. When the cells have the confluence of 70%, we added compound into the cells for 12 h and then treated for 24 h. Next, discarded cell culture medium and cleaned cells by using PBS. We extracted total RNA in cells by the Trizol reagent according to protocols. In accordance with the experimental scheme, the total RNA was extracted via Trizol reagent. The concentration of total RNA was measured by the OD260/OD280 ratio method, and then it was reverse transcribed into cDNA through the high capacity cDNA reverse transcription kit. Conclusively, the mi-RNA16 relative expression was detected via the synergy brands Green Master Mix after treated with the compound. The relative quantification was performed via utilizing the 2−ΔΔCt approach for three times. All the obtained results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation.

2.4 Transwell assay

The inhibition of the compound against the migration and invasion of CP70 ovarian cancer cells was determined via the transwell approach based on the instruments with a little modification. Briefly, CP70 ovarian cancer cells in the logical growth stage were collected and inoculated into the upper chambers and cultured in free-FBS medium combined with the 10% FBS. We added complement couture medium into the lower chambers for incubation. Before the experiment, the transwell chambers of 24-well (Corning, NY, USA) were precoated without or with the matrigel matrix (BD Biosciences, NJ, USA) for the invasion and migration of cells, respectively. The plates were placed in the incubator at 5% CO2 and 37°C condition for 1 day, on the upper membrane, the remained cells were removed, and the cells on the other side of the camber were labeled with the crystal violet (0.5%). Cells on the surface below the membrane were numbered and analyzed. All the results were presented as mean ± SD.

  1. Ethical approval: The conducted research is not related to either human or animal use.

3 Results and discussion

3.1 Molecular structures

The complex 1’s colorless bulk crystals can be acquired via the solvothermal reaction between H3L and Zn(NO3)2·6H2O in 1,4-dioxane and DMF mixed solvents at 85°C for 24 h, and its chemical formula was [Zn6(L)4(DMF)2(H2O)4](1,4-dioxane)2(DMF)10(H2O)4 according to the analysis of element and the single crystal diffraction of X-ray results. Complex 1 was insoluble in some common organic solvents such as the DMF, EtOH, and MeOH, which indicates that it might be applied as the heterogeneous catalyst for the organic reactions. In accordance with the data of crystal harvested at ambient temperature, the refinement and structural solution results indicated that the complex 1 is composed of discrete molecule cages, and it was crystallized in the space group P1¯. The chemical formula of 1 is composed of two asymmetry units with a Z = 1. The asymmetry unit of 1 contains six Zn(ii) ion, four ligand L3−, two coordinated molecules of DMF, and four coordinated water molecules. According to Figure 1a, in the cage, Zn(ii) ion is five-coordinated, which was completed by four oxygen atoms from four ligands along with an oxygen atom in the molecules of DMF or H2O, forming a trigonal bipyramid configuration. The bond spacing of Zn(ii)–O varies from 1.923(17) to 2.143(6) Å, which are analogous to the distance observed in other Zn(ii)-based metal–organic complexes constructed from the carboxylate ligands [19,20,21]. Two neighboring Zn(ii) ions are linked through four carboxylic acid groups and form a four-linked paddle-wheel node. Three zinc paddle wheel clusters coordinated by a ligand L3− generate a three-linked node. It should be noted that owing to the ether bonds flexibility in the ligands of L3−, these three coordination arms face the same side, generating a L3− with claw-shape (Figure 1b). Six paddle-wheel nodes combined with eight L3− ligands to generate the metal organic cage, the inner diameter of cage is 16 Å, and the window dimension of the cage is 9 Å (Figure 1c). For clarity, the four-linked [Zn2(COO)4]− impeddle wheel element can be simplified as the node of quadrangular, and the three-linked L3− with claw-shape can be considered as a three-linked node, making the polyhedral cage (Figure 1d). The calculations of PLATON reveal that the volume of void is 4863.6 Å3 (52.1% of 9335.1 Å3 unit cell volume).

Figure 1 (a) View of the two different types of binuclear Zn clusters of 1 (the atom legend is shown in the left of this figure). (b) View for the coordinated mode view for ligand L3−. (c) The cage type skeleton for the complex 1. (d) The simplified network for complex 1.
Figure 1

(a) View of the two different types of binuclear Zn clusters of 1 (the atom legend is shown in the left of this figure). (b) View for the coordinated mode view for ligand L3−. (c) The cage type skeleton for the complex 1. (d) The simplified network for complex 1.

3.2 Catalytic studies

To test the products’ phase purity, the experiments for the PXRD were conducted for these two complexes (Figure 2a). The peak positions of PXRD diagrams of the simulation and experiment are in line with each other, and this reflects that for the products of crystal with bulk-shape, crystal architectures are a real representative. The differences in the strength can attribute to the preference effects of the crystals. Meanwhile, to study the complex 1’s thermal stability, the experiment of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted between 25°C and 800°C at 10°C min−1 heating rate under nitrogen flow (Figure 2b). At 25°C to 220°C temperature range, the complex 1’s curve of TGA reveals 34.2% continuous weightlessness, which may be owing to the removal of lattice solvents and coordination (with the calculated value of 33.9%). After 280°C, there is a second weight loss, which suggests that the organic ligands decomposition is accompanied by the collapse of the entire skeleton. As discussed earlier, the as-prepared complex 1 has a cage-type structure with large square windows and inner spaces. To establish the porosity of 1, about 100 mg of the as-prepared samples was treated via the supercritical CO2 for 12 h and then outgassed under a dynamic vacuum for another 12 h to provide activated 1 (hereinafter referred to as 1a). The measurement of N2 gas sorption at 77 K (Figure 2c) revealed the reversible isotherm with I-type, which is characterized by the microporous materials, and the microporous materials have high N2 adsorption rate of 65 cm3 g−1. The surface area of BET was estimated at 155 m2 g−1. Meanwhile, the calculation of pore size distribution by HP approach reveals a pore size location around 0.86 nm, which matches well with that observed from the data of crystal (Figure 2d).

Figure 2 (a) The complex 1’s patterns of PXRD; (b) the curve of TGA for the complex 1; (c) the N2 adsorption curve for the 1a at 77 K; (d) the distribution of pore size for the 1a.
Figure 2

(a) The complex 1’s patterns of PXRD; (b) the curve of TGA for the complex 1; (c) the N2 adsorption curve for the 1a at 77 K; (d) the distribution of pore size for the 1a.

In consideration that the complex 1a possesses coordination unsaturated metal centers of unsaturated metal centres and large pores, it can be utilized as the potential Lewis acid catalyst for cyanidation of carbonyl compounds and its catalytic performance has been detected. In the condition of solvent-free, taking benzaldehyde as the standard molecule, the model experiment was conducted by changing the amount and temperature of the catalyst. It can be seen from Table 2 that complex 1a revealed superb catalytic activity. The conversion of benzaldehyde was 98% in half a day at the ambient temperature (Figures S1 and S2), and the catalyst loading amount was 0.1 mol% zinc, which was only 1/15 of Cr-MIL-101 (the active position of Cr is 1.5 mol%) has the highest catalytic effect in the cyanogenation [22]. Besides, as the catalyst, complex 1a does not need the dichloromethane organic solvent, whereas catalyst Cr-MIL-101 does. After 120 min, the reaction was stopped absolutely via filtration and removal of the complex 1a, and only 45% of total conversion was provided after 15 h, this indicates that there is no homogeneous catalyst in the reaction solution and 1a is a real heterogeneous catalyst.

Table 2

Conditions optimization of catalyst 1a and the comparison test for 1

EntryCat. (mol%)TMSCNTemp. (°C)Conv.a (%)
102 eq.4036.6
212 eq.4065.2
312 eq.r.t.76.6
40.52 eq.r.t.96.5
50.12 eq.r.t.98.5
60.1 (1)2 eq.r.t.38.2
  1. a

    Detected via GC according to carbonyl substrate.

In the optimized conditions of the ambient temperature, the catalyst of 0.1 mol%, 2 equivalent TMSCN, and nine carbonyl substrates involving aromatic, aliphatic aldehydes as well as the cycloketones were cyanated. The results obtained are summarized in Table 3, indicating that the reaction is extensively tolerated to various substrates. With standard conditions, the aromatic aldehydes containing distinct substituents or electronic effect substituents (NO2, OCH3) were used. After reacting for nine-12 h, the product yield was over 80%, which reveals that the aromatic aldehyde with an electron-deficient group could achieve more effective transformation. Nevertheless, with standard conditions, in comparison with aromatic aldehydes, aliphatic aldehydes have lower catalytic ratio due to their inherent lessened reactivity. After 2 days of reaction, the caprylic aldehyde conversion was only 85% of that of the cyanation. At the aim of investigating and explaining the excellent catalytic activity for open Zn2+ positions, 1 was determined under identical reaction conditions; the conversion of the reaction is 38.2%, which is close to the conversion without a catalyst. This is owing to the saturated octahedral configuration of all ions Zn2+ in 1. The obtained results also exhibited that the coordination unsaturated Zn2+ positions in 1 possess the important function during catalytic. As the “microreactor,” the channel of complex 1 offers a good surrounding for cyanation. As an unsaturated Zn2+ position of Lewis acids, it may cause the adsorption preference of the aromatic substrates, therefore improving the catalyst 1a activity.

Table 3

The cyanation of TMSCNa with different carbonyl compounds

EntryR1R2Time (h)Conv.b (%)
1PhH1298 (Figure S2)
23-CH3OC6H4H1290 (Figure S3)
34-CH3OC6H4H1268 (Figure S4)
42-NO2C6H4H9100 (Figure S5)
52-FurylH2093 (Figure S6)
6(CH2)7H4085 (Figure S7)
71-NaphthylH4064 (Figure S8)
89-AnthrylH4819 (Figure S9)
  1. a

    The reaction conditions are 1a which is 0.003 g and 0.1 mol%, aldehyde/ketone of 0.5 mmol, Me3SiCN of 1.0 mmol, ambient temperature, under nitrogen atmosphere.

  2. b

    Detected via GC and H1NMR based on carbonyl substrate.

3.3 Compound increased the mi-RNA16 relative expression in CP70 ovarian cancer cells

As a regulator of the cancer cell development, the mi-RNA16 could negatively regulate the development of the ovarian cancer cells, which is also used as the bio-marker of the ovarian cancer cell detection. Thus, in this research (Figure 3), the mi-RNA16 relative expression level in the cancer cells of CP70 ovarian was measured with RT-PCR. And the results indicated that the compound could significantly increase the expression level of mi-RNA16 in the cancer cells of CP70 ovarian, which is even stronger than the positive anticancer drug Cisplatin, and this anticancer activity showed time-dependent relationship.

Figure 3 Increased the mi-RNA16 relative expression in the cancer cells of CP70 ovarian after treated by the compound. The CP70 ovarian cancer cells were inoculated into plates of 6 well and carried out compound treatment for half a day and 1 day. The relative expression level of the mi-RNA16 in CP70 ovarian cancer cells was measured with RT-PCR. **means p < 0.01, ***means p < 0.001.
Figure 3

Increased the mi-RNA16 relative expression in the cancer cells of CP70 ovarian after treated by the compound. The CP70 ovarian cancer cells were inoculated into plates of 6 well and carried out compound treatment for half a day and 1 day. The relative expression level of the mi-RNA16 in CP70 ovarian cancer cells was measured with RT-PCR. **means p < 0.01, ***means p < 0.001.

3.4 Compound reduced the migration and invasion ability of the CP70 ovarian cancer cells

In the former obtained results, we can find that compound has outstanding induction ability against the relative expression of mi-RNA16 in CP70 ovarian cancer, suggesting that compound may possess anticancer activity. The migration and invasion of the cancer cell displayed the malignancy of tumor cells [23]. Thus, in this research, the transwell assay was conducted to detect the compound anti-cancer activity in vitro. The data in Figure 4 suggested that the compound obviously reduced the migration and invasion of cancer cells of CP70 ovarian, which is even better than Cisplatin. All the results above demonstrated the compound antitumor ability on cancer cells.

Figure 4 Reduced invasion and migration of the cancer cells of CP70 ovarian after treated with the compound. The CP70 ovarian cancer cells were inoculated into 6 well plates and carried out compound treatment. The migration and invasion of cancer cells of CP70 ovarian were determined with transwell assay. **means p < 0.01, ***means p < 0.001.
Figure 4

Reduced invasion and migration of the cancer cells of CP70 ovarian after treated with the compound. The CP70 ovarian cancer cells were inoculated into 6 well plates and carried out compound treatment. The migration and invasion of cancer cells of CP70 ovarian were determined with transwell assay. **means p < 0.01, ***means p < 0.001.

4 Conclusion

In summary, we have produced the metal-organic cage through the reaction between H3L ligand and Zn(NO3)2·6H2O in the mixed solvent of DMF and water. The investigation of the single crystal diffraction of X-ray indicates that complex 1 is composed of eight semi-rigid ligands L and six Zn2(CO2)4 structural units to provide the metal-organic cage with the window size of 0.9 nm and the inner diameter of 1.6 nm. The heterogeneous catalytic activities of the complex 1 for aldehydes cyanosilylation in the conditions of solvent-free were studied, which reveals that it could be applied as an effective catalyst for the cyanosilylation reaction under the solvent-free conditions. In biological research, we determined the compound anticancer activity in vitro. The real-time RT-PCR results suggested that the compound could significantly increase the expression level of mi-RNA16 in a time-dependent manner, which is important to inhibit the cancer cell progression. In addition to this, the results of the cancer cell migration and invasion ability also suggested that the compound has an inhibitory ability on the cancer cells.

  1. Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Received: 2020-03-04
Revised: 2020-06-05
Accepted: 2020-06-09
Published Online: 2020-08-29

© 2020 Yan Yin et al., published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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  19. Rapid identification of direct-acting pancreatic protectants from Cyclocarya paliurus leaves tea by the method of serum pharmacochemistry combined with target cell extraction
  20. Immobilization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa static biomass on eggshell powder for on-line preconcentration and determination of Cr (VI)
  21. Assessment of methyl 2-({[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl] sulfamoyl}methyl)benzoate through biotic and abiotic degradation modes
  22. Stability of natural polyphenol fisetin in eye drops Stability of fisetin in eye drops
  23. Production of a bioflocculant by using activated sludge and its application in Pb(II) removal from aqueous solution
  24. Molecular Properties of Carbon Crystal Cubic Structures
  25. Synthesis and characterization of calcium carbonate whisker from yellow phosphorus slag
  26. Study on the interaction between catechin and cholesterol by the density functional theory
  27. Analysis of some pharmaceuticals in the presence of their synthetic impurities by applying hybrid micelle liquid chromatography
  28. Two mixed-ligand coordination polymers based on 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid and flexible N-donor ligands: the protective effect on periodontitis via reducing the release of IL-1β and TNF-α
  29. Incorporation of silver stearate nanoparticles in methacrylate polymeric monoliths for hemeprotein isolation
  30. Development of ultrasound-assisted dispersive solid-phase microextraction based on mesoporous carbon coated with silica@iron oxide nanocomposite for preconcentration of Te and Tl in natural water systems
  31. N,N′-Bis[2-hydroxynaphthylidene]/[2-methoxybenzylidene]amino]oxamides and their divalent manganese complexes: Isolation, spectral characterization, morphology, antibacterial and cytotoxicity against leukemia cells
  32. Determination of the content of selected trace elements in Polish commercial fruit juices and health risk assessment
  33. Diorganotin(iv) benzyldithiocarbamate complexes: synthesis, characterization, and thermal and cytotoxicity study
  34. Keratin 17 is induced in prurigo nodularis lesions
  35. Anticancer, antioxidant, and acute toxicity studies of a Saudi polyherbal formulation, PHF5
  36. LaCoO3 perovskite-type catalysts in syngas conversion
  37. Comparative studies of two vegetal extracts from Stokesia laevis and Geranium pratense: polyphenol profile, cytotoxic effect and antiproliferative activity
  38. Fragmentation pattern of certain isatin–indole antiproliferative conjugates with application to identify their in vitro metabolic profiles in rat liver microsomes by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
  39. Investigation of polyphenol profile, antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective potential of Aconogonon alpinum (All.) Schur roots
  40. Lead discovery of a guanidinyl tryptophan derivative on amyloid cascade inhibition
  41. Physicochemical evaluation of the fruit pulp of Opuntia spp growing in the Mediterranean area under hard climate conditions
  42. Electronic structural properties of amino/hydroxyl functionalized imidazolium-based bromide ionic liquids
  43. New Schiff bases of 2-(quinolin-8-yloxy)acetohydrazide and their Cu(ii), and Zn(ii) metal complexes: their in vitro antimicrobial potentials and in silico physicochemical and pharmacokinetics properties
  44. Treatment of adhesions after Achilles tendon injury using focused ultrasound with targeted bFGF plasmid-loaded cationic microbubbles
  45. Synthesis of orotic acid derivatives and their effects on stem cell proliferation
  46. Chirality of β2-agonists. An overview of pharmacological activity, stereoselective analysis, and synthesis
  47. Fe3O4@urea/HITh-SO3H as an efficient and reusable catalyst for the solvent-free synthesis of 7-aryl-8H-benzo[h]indeno[1,2-b]quinoline-8-one and indeno[2′,1′:5,6]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives
  48. Adsorption kinetic characteristics of molybdenum in yellow-brown soil in response to pH and phosphate
  49. Enhancement of thermal properties of bio-based microcapsules intended for textile applications
  50. Exploring the effect of khat (Catha edulis) chewing on the pharmacokinetics of the antiplatelet drug clopidogrel in rats using the newly developed LC-MS/MS technique
  51. A green strategy for obtaining anthraquinones from Rheum tanguticum by subcritical water
  52. Cadmium (Cd) chloride affects the nutrient uptake and Cd-resistant bacterium reduces the adsorption of Cd in muskmelon plants
  53. Removal of H2S by vermicompost biofilter and analysis on bacterial community
  54. Structural cytotoxicity relationship of 2-phenoxy(thiomethyl)pyridotriazolopyrimidines: Quantum chemical calculations and statistical analysis
  55. A self-breaking supramolecular plugging system as lost circulation material in oilfield
  56. Synthesis, characterization, and pharmacological evaluation of thiourea derivatives
  57. Application of drug–metal ion interaction principle in conductometric determination of imatinib, sorafenib, gefitinib and bosutinib
  58. Synthesis and characterization of a novel chitosan-grafted-polyorthoethylaniline biocomposite and utilization for dye removal from water
  59. Optimisation of urine sample preparation for shotgun proteomics
  60. DFT investigations on arylsulphonyl pyrazole derivatives as potential ligands of selected kinases
  61. Treatment of Parkinson’s disease using focused ultrasound with GDNF retrovirus-loaded microbubbles to open the blood–brain barrier
  62. New derivatives of a natural nordentatin
  63. Fluorescence biomarkers of malignant melanoma detectable in urine
  64. Study of the remediation effects of passivation materials on Pb-contaminated soil
  65. Saliva proteomic analysis reveals possible biomarkers of renal cell carcinoma
  66. Withania frutescens: Chemical characterization, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and healing activities
  67. Design, synthesis and pharmacological profile of (−)-verbenone hydrazones
  68. Synthesis of magnesium carbonate hydrate from natural talc
  69. Stability-indicating HPLC-DAD assay for simultaneous quantification of hydrocortisone 21 acetate, dexamethasone, and fluocinolone acetonide in cosmetics
  70. A novel lactose biosensor based on electrochemically synthesized 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/thiophene (EDOT/Th) copolymer
  71. Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad: Chemical characterization, scavenging and cytotoxic activities
  72. Development and validation of a high performance liquid chromatography/diode array detection method for estrogen determination: Application to residual analysis in meat products
  73. PCSK9 concentrations in different stages of subclinical atherosclerosis and their relationship with inflammation
  74. Development of trace analysis for alkyl methanesulfonates in the delgocitinib drug substance using GC-FID and liquid–liquid extraction with ionic liquid
  75. Electrochemical evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of natural compounds on glassy carbon electrode modified with guanine-, polythionine-, and nitrogen-doped graphene
  76. A Dy(iii)–organic framework as a fluorescent probe for highly selective detection of picric acid and treatment activity on human lung cancer cells
  77. A Zn(ii)–organic cage with semirigid ligand for solvent-free cyanosilylation and inhibitory effect on ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion ability via regulating mi-RNA16 expression
  78. Polyphenol content and antioxidant activities of Prunus padus L. and Prunus serotina L. leaves: Electrochemical and spectrophotometric approach and their antimicrobial properties
  79. The combined use of GC, PDSC and FT-IR techniques to characterize fat extracted from commercial complete dry pet food for adult cats
  80. MALDI-TOF MS profiling in the discovery and identification of salivary proteomic patterns of temporomandibular joint disorders
  81. Concentrations of dioxins, furans and dioxin-like PCBs in natural animal feed additives
  82. Structure and some physicochemical and functional properties of water treated under ammonia with low-temperature low-pressure glow plasma of low frequency
  83. Mesoscale nanoparticles encapsulated with emodin for targeting antifibrosis in animal models
  84. Amine-functionalized magnetic activated carbon as an adsorbent for preconcentration and determination of acidic drugs in environmental water samples using HPLC-DAD
  85. Antioxidant activity as a response to cadmium pollution in three durum wheat genotypes differing in salt-tolerance
  86. A promising naphthoquinone [8-hydroxy-2-(2-thienylcarbonyl)naphtho[2,3-b]thiophene-4,9-dione] exerts anti-colorectal cancer activity through ferroptosis and inhibition of MAPK signaling pathway based on RNA sequencing
  87. Synthesis and efficacy of herbicidal ionic liquids with chlorsulfuron as the anion
  88. Effect of isovalent substitution on the crystal structure and properties of two-slab indates BaLa2−xSmxIn2O7
  89. Synthesis, spectral and thermo-kinetics explorations of Schiff-base derived metal complexes
  90. An improved reduction method for phase stability testing in the single-phase region
  91. Comparative analysis of chemical composition of some commercially important fishes with an emphasis on various Malaysian diets
  92. Development of a solventless stir bar sorptive extraction/thermal desorption large volume injection capillary gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method for ultra-trace determination of pyrethroids pesticides in river and tap water samples
  93. A turbidity sensor development based on NL-PI observers: Experimental application to the control of a Sinaloa’s River Spirulina maxima cultivation
  94. Deep desulfurization of sintering flue gas in iron and steel works based on low-temperature oxidation
  95. Investigations of metallic elements and phenolics in Chinese medicinal plants
  96. Influence of site-classification approach on geochemical background values
  97. Effects of ageing on the surface characteristics and Cu(ii) adsorption behaviour of rice husk biochar in soil
  98. Adsorption and sugarcane-bagasse-derived activated carbon-based mitigation of 1-[2-(2-chloroethoxy)phenyl]sulfonyl-3-(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) urea-contaminated soils
  99. Antimicrobial and antifungal activities of bifunctional cooper(ii) complexes with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, flufenamic, mefenamic and tolfenamic acids and 1,10-phenanthroline
  100. Application of selenium and silicon to alleviate short-term drought stress in French marigold (Tagetes patula L.) as a model plant species
  101. Screening and analysis of xanthine oxidase inhibitors in jute leaves and their protective effects against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in cells
  102. Synthesis and physicochemical studies of a series of mixed-ligand transition metal complexes and their molecular docking investigations against Coronavirus main protease
  103. A study of in vitro metabolism and cytotoxicity of mephedrone and methoxetamine in human and pig liver models using GC/MS and LC/MS analyses
  104. A new phenyl alkyl ester and a new combretin triterpene derivative from Combretum fragrans F. Hoffm (Combretaceae) and antiproliferative activity
  105. Erratum
  106. Erratum to: A one-step incubation ELISA kit for rapid determination of dibutyl phthalate in water, beverage and liquor
  107. Review Articles
  108. Sinoporphyrin sodium, a novel sensitizer for photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy
  109. Natural products isolated from Casimiroa
  110. Plant description, phytochemical constituents and bioactivities of Syzygium genus: A review
  111. Evaluation of elastomeric heat shielding materials as insulators for solid propellant rocket motors: A short review
  112. Special Issue on Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 2019
  113. An overview of Monascus fermentation processes for monacolin K production
  114. Study on online soft sensor method of total sugar content in chlorotetracycline fermentation tank
  115. Studies on the Anti-Gouty Arthritis and Anti-hyperuricemia Properties of Astilbin in Animal Models
  116. Effects of organic fertilizer on water use, photosynthetic characteristics, and fruit quality of pear jujube in northern Shaanxi
  117. Characteristics of the root exudate release system of typical plants in plateau lakeside wetland under phosphorus stress conditions
  118. Characterization of soil water by the means of hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratio at dry-wet season under different soil layers in the dry-hot valley of Jinsha River
  119. Composition and diurnal variation of floral scent emission in Rosa rugosa Thunb. and Tulipa gesneriana L.
  120. Preparation of a novel ginkgolide B niosomal composite drug
  121. The degradation, biodegradability and toxicity evaluation of sulfamethazine antibiotics by gamma radiation
  122. Special issue on Monitoring, Risk Assessment and Sustainable Management for the Exposure to Environmental Toxins
  123. Insight into the cadmium and zinc binding potential of humic acids derived from composts by EEM spectra combined with PARAFAC analysis
  124. Source apportionment of soil contamination based on multivariate receptor and robust geostatistics in a typical rural–urban area, Wuhan city, middle China
  125. Special Issue on 13th JCC 2018
  126. The Role of H2C2O4 and Na2CO3 as Precipitating Agents on The Physichochemical Properties and Photocatalytic Activity of Bismuth Oxide
  127. Preparation of magnetite-silica–cetyltrimethylammonium for phenol removal based on adsolubilization
  128. Topical Issue on Agriculture
  129. Size-dependent growth kinetics of struvite crystals in wastewater with calcium ions
  130. The effect of silica-calcite sedimentary rock contained in the chicken broiler diet on the overall quality of chicken muscles
  131. Physicochemical properties of selected herbicidal products containing nicosulfuron as an active ingredient
  132. Lycopene in tomatoes and tomato products
  133. Fluorescence in the assessment of the share of a key component in the mixing of feed
  134. Sulfur application alleviates chromium stress in maize and wheat
  135. Effectiveness of removal of sulphur compounds from the air after 3 years of biofiltration with a mixture of compost soil, peat, coconut fibre and oak bark
  136. Special Issue on the 4th Green Chemistry 2018
  137. Study and fire test of banana fibre reinforced composites with flame retardance properties
  138. Special Issue on the International conference CosCI 2018
  139. Disintegration, In vitro Dissolution, and Drug Release Kinetics Profiles of k-Carrageenan-based Nutraceutical Hard-shell Capsules Containing Salicylamide
  140. Synthesis of amorphous aluminosilicate from impure Indonesian kaolin
  141. Special Issue on the International Conf on Science, Applied Science, Teaching and Education 2019
  142. Functionalization of Congo red dye as a light harvester on solar cell
  143. The effect of nitrite food preservatives added to se’i meat on the expression of wild-type p53 protein
  144. Biocompatibility and osteoconductivity of scaffold porous composite collagen–hydroxyapatite based coral for bone regeneration
  145. Special Issue on the Joint Science Congress of Materials and Polymers (ISCMP 2019)
  146. Effect of natural boron mineral use on the essential oil ratio and components of Musk Sage (Salvia sclarea L.)
  147. A theoretical and experimental study of the adsorptive removal of hexavalent chromium ions using graphene oxide as an adsorbent
  148. A study on the bacterial adhesion of Streptococcus mutans in various dental ceramics: In vitro study
  149. Corrosion study of copper in aqueous sulfuric acid solution in the presence of (2E,5E)-2,5-dibenzylidenecyclopentanone and (2E,5E)-bis[(4-dimethylamino)benzylidene]cyclopentanone: Experimental and theoretical study
  150. Special Issue on Chemistry Today for Tomorrow 2019
  151. Diabetes mellitus type 2: Exploratory data analysis based on clinical reading
  152. Multivariate analysis for the classification of copper–lead and copper–zinc glasses
  153. Special Issue on Advances in Chemistry and Polymers
  154. The spatial and temporal distribution of cationic and anionic radicals in early embryo implantation
  155. Special Issue on 3rd IC3PE 2020
  156. Magnetic iron oxide/clay nanocomposites for adsorption and catalytic oxidation in water treatment applications
  157. Special Issue on IC3PE 2018/2019 Conference
  158. Exergy analysis of conventional and hydrothermal liquefaction–esterification processes of microalgae for biodiesel production
  159. Advancing biodiesel production from microalgae Spirulina sp. by a simultaneous extraction–transesterification process using palm oil as a co-solvent of methanol
  160. Topical Issue on Applications of Mathematics in Chemistry
  161. Omega and the related counting polynomials of some chemical structures
  162. M-polynomial and topological indices of zigzag edge coronoid fused by starphene
https://doi.org/10.1515/chem-2020-0144
Keywords for this article
metal-organic cage; paddle-wheel cluster; cyanosilylation reaction; ovarian cancer
Creative Commons
BY 4.0

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Regular Articles
  2. Electrochemical antioxidant screening and evaluation based on guanine and chitosan immobilized MoS2 nanosheet modified glassy carbon electrode (guanine/CS/MoS2/GCE)
  3. Kinetic models of the extraction of vanillic acid from pumpkin seeds
  4. On the maximum ABC index of bipartite graphs without pendent vertices
  5. Estimation of the total antioxidant potential in the meat samples using thin-layer chromatography
  6. Molecular dynamics simulation of sI methane hydrate under compression and tension
  7. Spatial distribution and potential ecological risk assessment of some trace elements in sediments and grey mangrove (Avicennia marina) along the Arabian Gulf coast, Saudi Arabia
  8. Amino-functionalized graphene oxide for Cr(VI), Cu(II), Pb(II) and Cd(II) removal from industrial wastewater
  9. Chemical composition and in vitro activity of Origanum vulgare L., Satureja hortensis L., Thymus serpyllum L. and Thymus vulgaris L. essential oils towards oral isolates of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata
  10. Effect of excess Fluoride consumption on Urine-Serum Fluorides, Dental state and Thyroid Hormones among children in “Talab Sarai” Punjab Pakistan
  11. Design, Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Isoxazole Tagged Indole Hybrid Compounds
  12. Comparison of kinetic and enzymatic properties of intracellular phosphoserine aminotransferases from alkaliphilic and neutralophilic bacteria
  13. Green Organic Solvent-Free Oxidation of Alkylarenes with tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide Catalyzed by Water-Soluble Copper Complex
  14. Ducrosia ismaelis Asch. essential oil: chemical composition profile and anticancer, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential assessment
  15. DFT calculations as an efficient tool for prediction of Raman and infra-red spectra and activities of newly synthesized cathinones
  16. Influence of Chemical Osmosis on Solute Transport and Fluid Velocity in Clay Soils
  17. A New fatty acid and some triterpenoids from propolis of Nkambe (North-West Region, Cameroon) and evaluation of the antiradical scavenging activity of their extracts
  18. Antiplasmodial Activity of Stigmastane Steroids from Dryobalanops oblongifolia Stem Bark
  19. Rapid identification of direct-acting pancreatic protectants from Cyclocarya paliurus leaves tea by the method of serum pharmacochemistry combined with target cell extraction
  20. Immobilization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa static biomass on eggshell powder for on-line preconcentration and determination of Cr (VI)
  21. Assessment of methyl 2-({[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl] sulfamoyl}methyl)benzoate through biotic and abiotic degradation modes
  22. Stability of natural polyphenol fisetin in eye drops Stability of fisetin in eye drops
  23. Production of a bioflocculant by using activated sludge and its application in Pb(II) removal from aqueous solution
  24. Molecular Properties of Carbon Crystal Cubic Structures
  25. Synthesis and characterization of calcium carbonate whisker from yellow phosphorus slag
  26. Study on the interaction between catechin and cholesterol by the density functional theory
  27. Analysis of some pharmaceuticals in the presence of their synthetic impurities by applying hybrid micelle liquid chromatography
  28. Two mixed-ligand coordination polymers based on 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid and flexible N-donor ligands: the protective effect on periodontitis via reducing the release of IL-1β and TNF-α
  29. Incorporation of silver stearate nanoparticles in methacrylate polymeric monoliths for hemeprotein isolation
  30. Development of ultrasound-assisted dispersive solid-phase microextraction based on mesoporous carbon coated with silica@iron oxide nanocomposite for preconcentration of Te and Tl in natural water systems
  31. N,N′-Bis[2-hydroxynaphthylidene]/[2-methoxybenzylidene]amino]oxamides and their divalent manganese complexes: Isolation, spectral characterization, morphology, antibacterial and cytotoxicity against leukemia cells
  32. Determination of the content of selected trace elements in Polish commercial fruit juices and health risk assessment
  33. Diorganotin(iv) benzyldithiocarbamate complexes: synthesis, characterization, and thermal and cytotoxicity study
  34. Keratin 17 is induced in prurigo nodularis lesions
  35. Anticancer, antioxidant, and acute toxicity studies of a Saudi polyherbal formulation, PHF5
  36. LaCoO3 perovskite-type catalysts in syngas conversion
  37. Comparative studies of two vegetal extracts from Stokesia laevis and Geranium pratense: polyphenol profile, cytotoxic effect and antiproliferative activity
  38. Fragmentation pattern of certain isatin–indole antiproliferative conjugates with application to identify their in vitro metabolic profiles in rat liver microsomes by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
  39. Investigation of polyphenol profile, antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective potential of Aconogonon alpinum (All.) Schur roots
  40. Lead discovery of a guanidinyl tryptophan derivative on amyloid cascade inhibition
  41. Physicochemical evaluation of the fruit pulp of Opuntia spp growing in the Mediterranean area under hard climate conditions
  42. Electronic structural properties of amino/hydroxyl functionalized imidazolium-based bromide ionic liquids
  43. New Schiff bases of 2-(quinolin-8-yloxy)acetohydrazide and their Cu(ii), and Zn(ii) metal complexes: their in vitro antimicrobial potentials and in silico physicochemical and pharmacokinetics properties
  44. Treatment of adhesions after Achilles tendon injury using focused ultrasound with targeted bFGF plasmid-loaded cationic microbubbles
  45. Synthesis of orotic acid derivatives and their effects on stem cell proliferation
  46. Chirality of β2-agonists. An overview of pharmacological activity, stereoselective analysis, and synthesis
  47. Fe3O4@urea/HITh-SO3H as an efficient and reusable catalyst for the solvent-free synthesis of 7-aryl-8H-benzo[h]indeno[1,2-b]quinoline-8-one and indeno[2′,1′:5,6]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives
  48. Adsorption kinetic characteristics of molybdenum in yellow-brown soil in response to pH and phosphate
  49. Enhancement of thermal properties of bio-based microcapsules intended for textile applications
  50. Exploring the effect of khat (Catha edulis) chewing on the pharmacokinetics of the antiplatelet drug clopidogrel in rats using the newly developed LC-MS/MS technique
  51. A green strategy for obtaining anthraquinones from Rheum tanguticum by subcritical water
  52. Cadmium (Cd) chloride affects the nutrient uptake and Cd-resistant bacterium reduces the adsorption of Cd in muskmelon plants
  53. Removal of H2S by vermicompost biofilter and analysis on bacterial community
  54. Structural cytotoxicity relationship of 2-phenoxy(thiomethyl)pyridotriazolopyrimidines: Quantum chemical calculations and statistical analysis
  55. A self-breaking supramolecular plugging system as lost circulation material in oilfield
  56. Synthesis, characterization, and pharmacological evaluation of thiourea derivatives
  57. Application of drug–metal ion interaction principle in conductometric determination of imatinib, sorafenib, gefitinib and bosutinib
  58. Synthesis and characterization of a novel chitosan-grafted-polyorthoethylaniline biocomposite and utilization for dye removal from water
  59. Optimisation of urine sample preparation for shotgun proteomics
  60. DFT investigations on arylsulphonyl pyrazole derivatives as potential ligands of selected kinases
  61. Treatment of Parkinson’s disease using focused ultrasound with GDNF retrovirus-loaded microbubbles to open the blood–brain barrier
  62. New derivatives of a natural nordentatin
  63. Fluorescence biomarkers of malignant melanoma detectable in urine
  64. Study of the remediation effects of passivation materials on Pb-contaminated soil
  65. Saliva proteomic analysis reveals possible biomarkers of renal cell carcinoma
  66. Withania frutescens: Chemical characterization, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and healing activities
  67. Design, synthesis and pharmacological profile of (−)-verbenone hydrazones
  68. Synthesis of magnesium carbonate hydrate from natural talc
  69. Stability-indicating HPLC-DAD assay for simultaneous quantification of hydrocortisone 21 acetate, dexamethasone, and fluocinolone acetonide in cosmetics
  70. A novel lactose biosensor based on electrochemically synthesized 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/thiophene (EDOT/Th) copolymer
  71. Citrullus colocynthis (L.) Schrad: Chemical characterization, scavenging and cytotoxic activities
  72. Development and validation of a high performance liquid chromatography/diode array detection method for estrogen determination: Application to residual analysis in meat products
  73. PCSK9 concentrations in different stages of subclinical atherosclerosis and their relationship with inflammation
  74. Development of trace analysis for alkyl methanesulfonates in the delgocitinib drug substance using GC-FID and liquid–liquid extraction with ionic liquid
  75. Electrochemical evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of natural compounds on glassy carbon electrode modified with guanine-, polythionine-, and nitrogen-doped graphene
  76. A Dy(iii)–organic framework as a fluorescent probe for highly selective detection of picric acid and treatment activity on human lung cancer cells
  77. A Zn(ii)–organic cage with semirigid ligand for solvent-free cyanosilylation and inhibitory effect on ovarian cancer cell migration and invasion ability via regulating mi-RNA16 expression
  78. Polyphenol content and antioxidant activities of Prunus padus L. and Prunus serotina L. leaves: Electrochemical and spectrophotometric approach and their antimicrobial properties
  79. The combined use of GC, PDSC and FT-IR techniques to characterize fat extracted from commercial complete dry pet food for adult cats
  80. MALDI-TOF MS profiling in the discovery and identification of salivary proteomic patterns of temporomandibular joint disorders
  81. Concentrations of dioxins, furans and dioxin-like PCBs in natural animal feed additives
  82. Structure and some physicochemical and functional properties of water treated under ammonia with low-temperature low-pressure glow plasma of low frequency
  83. Mesoscale nanoparticles encapsulated with emodin for targeting antifibrosis in animal models
  84. Amine-functionalized magnetic activated carbon as an adsorbent for preconcentration and determination of acidic drugs in environmental water samples using HPLC-DAD
  85. Antioxidant activity as a response to cadmium pollution in three durum wheat genotypes differing in salt-tolerance
  86. A promising naphthoquinone [8-hydroxy-2-(2-thienylcarbonyl)naphtho[2,3-b]thiophene-4,9-dione] exerts anti-colorectal cancer activity through ferroptosis and inhibition of MAPK signaling pathway based on RNA sequencing
  87. Synthesis and efficacy of herbicidal ionic liquids with chlorsulfuron as the anion
  88. Effect of isovalent substitution on the crystal structure and properties of two-slab indates BaLa2−xSmxIn2O7
  89. Synthesis, spectral and thermo-kinetics explorations of Schiff-base derived metal complexes
  90. An improved reduction method for phase stability testing in the single-phase region
  91. Comparative analysis of chemical composition of some commercially important fishes with an emphasis on various Malaysian diets
  92. Development of a solventless stir bar sorptive extraction/thermal desorption large volume injection capillary gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method for ultra-trace determination of pyrethroids pesticides in river and tap water samples
  93. A turbidity sensor development based on NL-PI observers: Experimental application to the control of a Sinaloa’s River Spirulina maxima cultivation
  94. Deep desulfurization of sintering flue gas in iron and steel works based on low-temperature oxidation
  95. Investigations of metallic elements and phenolics in Chinese medicinal plants
  96. Influence of site-classification approach on geochemical background values
  97. Effects of ageing on the surface characteristics and Cu(ii) adsorption behaviour of rice husk biochar in soil
  98. Adsorption and sugarcane-bagasse-derived activated carbon-based mitigation of 1-[2-(2-chloroethoxy)phenyl]sulfonyl-3-(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) urea-contaminated soils
  99. Antimicrobial and antifungal activities of bifunctional cooper(ii) complexes with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, flufenamic, mefenamic and tolfenamic acids and 1,10-phenanthroline
  100. Application of selenium and silicon to alleviate short-term drought stress in French marigold (Tagetes patula L.) as a model plant species
  101. Screening and analysis of xanthine oxidase inhibitors in jute leaves and their protective effects against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in cells
  102. Synthesis and physicochemical studies of a series of mixed-ligand transition metal complexes and their molecular docking investigations against Coronavirus main protease
  103. A study of in vitro metabolism and cytotoxicity of mephedrone and methoxetamine in human and pig liver models using GC/MS and LC/MS analyses
  104. A new phenyl alkyl ester and a new combretin triterpene derivative from Combretum fragrans F. Hoffm (Combretaceae) and antiproliferative activity
  105. Erratum
  106. Erratum to: A one-step incubation ELISA kit for rapid determination of dibutyl phthalate in water, beverage and liquor
  107. Review Articles
  108. Sinoporphyrin sodium, a novel sensitizer for photodynamic and sonodynamic therapy
  109. Natural products isolated from Casimiroa
  110. Plant description, phytochemical constituents and bioactivities of Syzygium genus: A review
  111. Evaluation of elastomeric heat shielding materials as insulators for solid propellant rocket motors: A short review
  112. Special Issue on Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 2019
  113. An overview of Monascus fermentation processes for monacolin K production
  114. Study on online soft sensor method of total sugar content in chlorotetracycline fermentation tank
  115. Studies on the Anti-Gouty Arthritis and Anti-hyperuricemia Properties of Astilbin in Animal Models
  116. Effects of organic fertilizer on water use, photosynthetic characteristics, and fruit quality of pear jujube in northern Shaanxi
  117. Characteristics of the root exudate release system of typical plants in plateau lakeside wetland under phosphorus stress conditions
  118. Characterization of soil water by the means of hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratio at dry-wet season under different soil layers in the dry-hot valley of Jinsha River
  119. Composition and diurnal variation of floral scent emission in Rosa rugosa Thunb. and Tulipa gesneriana L.
  120. Preparation of a novel ginkgolide B niosomal composite drug
  121. The degradation, biodegradability and toxicity evaluation of sulfamethazine antibiotics by gamma radiation
  122. Special issue on Monitoring, Risk Assessment and Sustainable Management for the Exposure to Environmental Toxins
  123. Insight into the cadmium and zinc binding potential of humic acids derived from composts by EEM spectra combined with PARAFAC analysis
  124. Source apportionment of soil contamination based on multivariate receptor and robust geostatistics in a typical rural–urban area, Wuhan city, middle China
  125. Special Issue on 13th JCC 2018
  126. The Role of H2C2O4 and Na2CO3 as Precipitating Agents on The Physichochemical Properties and Photocatalytic Activity of Bismuth Oxide
  127. Preparation of magnetite-silica–cetyltrimethylammonium for phenol removal based on adsolubilization
  128. Topical Issue on Agriculture
  129. Size-dependent growth kinetics of struvite crystals in wastewater with calcium ions
  130. The effect of silica-calcite sedimentary rock contained in the chicken broiler diet on the overall quality of chicken muscles
  131. Physicochemical properties of selected herbicidal products containing nicosulfuron as an active ingredient
  132. Lycopene in tomatoes and tomato products
  133. Fluorescence in the assessment of the share of a key component in the mixing of feed
  134. Sulfur application alleviates chromium stress in maize and wheat
  135. Effectiveness of removal of sulphur compounds from the air after 3 years of biofiltration with a mixture of compost soil, peat, coconut fibre and oak bark
  136. Special Issue on the 4th Green Chemistry 2018
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