Home Crystal structure of (2,2′-bipyridyl)bis(4-chlorobenzyl)dichloridotin(IV), C24H20Cl4N2Sn
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Crystal structure of (2,2′-bipyridyl)bis(4-chlorobenzyl)dichloridotin(IV), C24H20Cl4N2Sn

  • See Mun Lee , Kong Mun Lo and Edward R.T. Tiekink ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: September 9, 2019

Abstract

C24H20Cl4N2Sn, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 7.7944(1) Å, b = 21.1245(2) Å, c = 14.7611(1) Å, β = 95.077(1)°, V = 2420.92(4) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0229, wRref(F2) = 0.0603, T = 100(2) K.

CCDC no.: 1948401

The molecular structure is shown in the figure. Table 1 contains crystallographic data and Table 2 contains the list of the atoms including atomic coordinates and displacement parameters.

Table 1:

Data collection and handling.

Crystal:Colourless prism
Size:0.14 × 0.09 × 0.04 mm
Wavelength:Cu Kα radiation (1.54178 Å)
μ:12.6 mm−1
Diffractometer, scan mode:XtaLAB Synergy, ω
θmax, completeness:67.1°, >99%
N(hkl)measured, N(hkl)unique, Rint:30103, 4329, 0.042
Criterion for Iobs, N(hkl)gt:Iobs > 2 σ(Iobs), 3987
N(param)refined:280
Programs:CrysAlisPRO [1], SHELX [2], [3], WinGX/ORTEP [4]
Table 2:

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2).

AtomxyzUiso*/Ueq
Sn0.56304(2)0.69771(2)0.57470(2)0.02011(6)
Cl10.65370(8)0.76490(3)0.71076(4)0.03300(14)
Cl20.46362(8)0.59790(3)0.64596(4)0.03040(14)
Cl30.98078(10)0.50596(4)0.25670(5)0.0559(2)
Cl40.16551(14)0.98789(4)0.39746(5)0.0602(2)
N10.6389(2)0.77422(9)0.47038(12)0.0220(4)
N20.4981(3)0.66045(9)0.42577(13)0.0237(4)
C10.8256(3)0.66250(12)0.57962(17)0.0293(5)
H1A0.90520.69910.58460.035*
H1B0.84870.63680.63540.035*
C20.8653(3)0.62366(12)0.50031(18)0.0274(5)
C30.9441(3)0.65035(13)0.42807(17)0.0295(6)
H30.97410.69390.43020.035*
C40.9793(3)0.61458(14)0.35337(18)0.0347(6)
H41.03460.63320.30510.042*
C50.9331(3)0.55163(14)0.35000(19)0.0361(6)
C60.8530(3)0.52352(14)0.4196(2)0.0403(7)
H60.82110.48010.41630.048*
C70.8204(3)0.55973(13)0.4940(2)0.0357(6)
H70.76590.54060.54210.043*
C80.3035(3)0.73429(11)0.57325(16)0.0245(5)
H8A0.22440.70330.54120.029*
H8B0.27310.73670.63690.029*
C90.2704(3)0.79740(11)0.53029(16)0.0234(5)
C100.2932(3)0.85329(12)0.58044(16)0.0270(5)
H100.33070.85100.64340.032*
C110.2624(4)0.91181(13)0.54036(17)0.0332(6)
H110.27670.94950.57530.040*
C120.2103(4)0.91449(12)0.44805(18)0.0338(6)
C130.1897(3)0.86048(13)0.39608(16)0.0293(5)
H130.15530.86320.33280.035*
C140.2197(3)0.80247(11)0.43712(17)0.0245(5)
H140.20580.76510.40150.029*
C150.7005(3)0.83109(12)0.49631(17)0.0290(5)
H150.71540.84060.55940.035*
C160.7434(4)0.87653(13)0.4348(2)0.0368(6)
H160.78980.91620.45510.044*
C170.7174(4)0.86304(13)0.3438(2)0.0408(7)
H170.74550.89350.30000.049*
C180.6503(4)0.80501(12)0.31598(19)0.0339(6)
H180.62920.79570.25300.041*
C190.6136(3)0.76016(11)0.38062(15)0.0227(5)
C200.5476(3)0.69619(11)0.35705(16)0.0219(5)
C210.5388(3)0.67292(13)0.26900(16)0.0301(5)
H210.57290.69850.22080.036*
C220.4795(3)0.61185(14)0.25209(17)0.0336(6)
H220.47580.59490.19230.040*
C230.4262(3)0.57587(13)0.32175(18)0.0340(6)
H230.38280.53430.31100.041*
C240.4377(3)0.60198(12)0.40811(18)0.0307(6)
H240.40120.57740.45680.037*

Source of material

The melting point of the compound was measured on a Melt-Temp II digital melting point apparatus and was uncorrected. The IR spectrum was measured on a Bruker Vertex 70v FTIR spectrophotometer from 4000 to 400 cm−1. The 1H and 13C{1H} NMR spectra were recorded in CDCl3 solution on a Bruker Ascend 400 MHz NMR spectrometer with chemical shifts relative to tetramethylsilane.

Di(4-chlorobenzyl)tin dichloride was synthesized by the direct reaction of 4-chlorobenzyl chloride (Aldrich) and metallic tin powder (Merck) in toluene according to a literature procedure [5]. Di(4-chlorobenzyl)tin dichloride (0.44 g, 1.0 mmol) and 2,2′-bipyridine (Aldrich, 0.16 g, 1.0 mmol) were heated in 95% ethanol (30 mL) and stirred for 2 h. After filtration, the filtrate was evaporated slowly until colourless crystals were formed. Yield: 0.31 g (51.9%). M.pt: 471–473 K. IR (cm−1): 1606 (m) ν(C—N), 1483, 1141 (s) ν(C—N), 481 (m) ν(Sn—N). 1H NMR (CDCl3, ppm): δ 3.17 (s, 2H, Ph–CH2), 6.55–6.56 (dd, 2H, Ph–H), 6.57–6.58 (dd, 2H, Ph—H), 7.50–7.73 (m, 1H, bipy-H), 7.86–7.88 (d, 1H, bipy-H), 8.03–8.07 (t, 1H, bipy-H), 9.09–9.11 (d, 1H, bipy-H). 13C{1H} NMR (CDCl3, ppm): δ 50.4 (CH2), 127.3, 129.1, 129.8, 138.2 (Ph—C), 121.0, 126.6, 127.0, 140.6, 148.5 (bipy-C).

Experimental details

The C-bound H atoms were geometrically placed (C—H = 0.95–0.99 Å) and refined as riding with Uiso(H) =1.2Ueq(C).

Comment

In connection with the recent report of the crystal and molecular structures of (4-BrC6H4)2SnBr2(2,2′-bipyridyl) [6], herein the synthesis and structure of the all-chloro derivative, (I), are described. The molecule of (I) is illustrated in the figure (50% displacement ellipsoids). A distorted octahedral geometry for the tin atom is noted which is based on a C2Cl2N2 donor set defined by two carbon atoms of the 4-chloro-substituted benzyl groups, two chloride atoms and two nitrogen atoms of the 2,2′-bipyridyl molecule. The benzyl-carbon atoms are mutually trans, and each of the chloride atoms is trans to a pyridyl-nitrogen atom. The Sn—Cl bond lengths are experimentally equivalent [Sn—Cl1 = 2.5093(6) Å and Sn—Cl2 = 2.5094(6) Å] as are the Sn—N bonds [Sn—N1 = 2.3439(19) Å and Sn—N2 = 2.3478(19) Å]. This contrasts the situation found in the all-bromo derivative where non-systematic differences in tin-ligand bond lengths were noted [6]. Such variations have been proven by DFT methods on related compounds to be dependent upon global molecular packing effects in crystals [7], [8].

In (I), the five-membered chelate ring formed by the 2,2′-bipyridyl ligand is responsible for the greatest distortion from the ideal octahedral geometry with the acute N1—Sn—N2 chelate angle being 70.25(7)°. The maximum deviation of a trans angles is seen in the N1—Sn—Cl2 angle of 163.73(5)°. As reported for the all-bromo derivative [6], the benzyl-phenyl rings are orientated to lie over the 2,2′-bipyridyl molecule. In the present case, the separation between the ring centroids of the chelate and C2-phenyl rings is 3.7784(14) Å; the separation between the N1-pyridyl and C9-phenyl rings is marginally longer at 3.7957(15) Å. Recent literature has highlighted the stabilising effect of π⋯π interactions where at least one of the rings is a chelate ring [9], [10].

The structure of the (4-ClC6H4CH2)2SnCl2 precursor molecule is available in the literature for comparison [11]. The independent Sn—Cl bond length in this 2-fold symmetric structure is 2.3754(11) Å which is considerably shorter than those reported above for the title compound, reflecting, in part, the increased coordination number for tin.

While the precursor (4-XC6H4CH2)2SnX2, X = Cl [11] and Br [12] species are isostructural, those of (4-XC6H4CH2)2SnX2(2,2′-bipyridyl), X = Cl and Br [6], are not. However, the title compound appears to be isostructural with the 1,10-phenanthroline analogue [13]. The non-isostructural relationship between the (4-XC6H4CH2)2SnX2(2,2′-bipyridyl), X = Cl and Br [6], compounds is reflected in the distinctive atom-to-atom points of contact between molecules.

Based on the distance criteria in PLATON [14], the only significant intermolecular interactions in the crystal are benzyl- and pyridyl-C—H⋯Cl(tin- and phenyl-bound) interactions [C4—H4⋯Cl1i: H4⋯Cl1i = 2.77 Å, C4⋯Cl1i = 3.642(3) Å with angle at H4 = 153°, and C22—H22⋯Cl4ii: H22⋯Cl4ii = 2.80 Å, C22⋯Cl4ii = 3.545(3) Å with angle at H22 = 136° for symmetry operations (i) 1/2 + x, 3/2 − y, −1/2 + z and (ii) 1/2 − x, −1/2 + y, 1/2 − z]. The molecules pack in columns aligned along the a-axis direction and with each molecule accepting and donating two C—H⋯Cl interactions, a three-dimensional architecture ensues.

Finally, an analysis of the calculated Hirshfeld surfaces was undertaken in order to evaluate the molecular packing further and to make a comparison with the packing in the crystal of the all-bromo analogue [6]. For this purpose, Crystal Explorer 17 [15] was employed following protocols established in the literature [16] to calculate the Hirshfeld surfaces and two-dimensional fingerprint plots (overall and delineated into specific contacts). In the crystal, H⋯H contacts make the greatest overall contribution at 42.3%, being greater than H⋯Cl/Cl⋯H contacts at 38.7%. Other significant contacts are noted, that is, H⋯C/C⋯H [12.4%], then Cl⋯C/C⋯Cl [3.0%], Cl⋯Cl [2.2%] and C⋯C [2.0%]. A very similar pattern in surface contacts were calculated for the all-bromo derivative with the notable exception that H⋯Br/Br⋯H [40.8%] were marginally more prevalent than H⋯H [40.2%] contacts [6].

Funding source: Sunway University Sdn Bhd

Award Identifier / Grant number: STR-RCTR-RCCM-001-2019

Funding statement: Sunway University Sdn Bhd is thanked for financial support of this work through Grant no. STR-RCTR-RCCM-001-2019.

References

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Received: 2019-07-18
Accepted: 2019-08-21
Published Online: 2019-09-09
Published in Print: 2019-11-26

©2019 See Mun Lee et al., published by De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Public License.

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  51. Crystal structure of N-(adamantan-1-yl)-5-(dimethylamino)naphthalene-1-sulfonamide, C22H28N2O2S
  52. Crystal structure of poly[diaqua-(μ4-4-(3,5-dicarboxy-κ1O-phenoxy)phthalato-κ3O:O′:O′)cadmium(II)], C16H12CdO11
  53. Crystal structure of poly[diaqua-bis(μ2-3-((1H-imidazol-1-yl)methyl)benzoato-κ2N:O)manganese(II)], C22H22MnN4O6
  54. Crystal structure of 9-(3-phenoxyphenyl)-3,4,6,7,9,10-hexahydroacridine-1,8(2H,5H)-dione, C25H23NO3
  55. The crystal structure of poly[(μ3-2,4,6-tris[4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl]-1,3,5-triazine-k3N:N′:N′′)-(nitrato-k2O,O)-(nitrato-k1O)zinc(II)] - N,N-dimethylacetamide (1/2), C38H39N13O8Zn
  56. Crystal structure of poly[(μ7-4-(3,5-dicarboxylatophenoxy)phthalato)-(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2N,N′)dizinc(II)], C28H14N2O9Zn2
  57. The crystal structure of methyl 2-(benzylamino)-5-(benzyloxy)benzoate, C22H21NO3
  58. Crystal structure of (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane)palladium(II) tetracyanoplatinate(II), C14H24N8PdPt
  59. Crystal structure of (pyridine-2-carboxylato-κ2N,O)-[2-(2-pyridyl)phenyl-κ2N,C1]palladium(II), C17H12N2O2Pd
  60. Crystal structure of (cyclohexane-1,4-diammonium) 4-[(4-carboxylatophenyl)disulfanyl]benzoate dimethylsulphoxide hydrate (1/1/1/1), [C6H16N2]2+[C14H8O4S2]2−⋅C2H6OS⋅H2O
  61. Crystal structure of the 2:1 co-crystal 2-[(2-carboxyphenyl)disulfanyl]benzoic acid – 3-bromobenzoic acid, 2(C14H10O4S2)⋅C7H5BrO2
  62. Crystal structure of chlorido-dimethyl-(phenylpiperazine-1-carbodithioato-κ2S,S′)tin(IV), C13H19ClN2S2Sn
  63. Crystal structure of (N-n-butyl, N-methyl-dithiocarbamato-κ2 S,S′)-chlorido-dimethyl-tin(IV), C8H18ClNS2Sn
  64. Crystal structure of (2,2′-bipyridyl)bis(4-bromobenzyl)dibromidotin(IV), C24H20Br4N2Sn
  65. Crystal structure of (2,2′-bipyridyl)bis(4-chlorobenzyl)dichloridotin(IV), C24H20Cl4N2Sn
  66. Crystal structure of N-methyl-N-phenyl(methylsulfanyl)carbothioamide, C9H11NS2
  67. Crystal structure of 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium (4-phenylpiperazin-1-yl)carbothioylsulfanide, [C10H15N2][C11H13N2S2]
  68. Crystal structure of catena-{di-aqua-sodium [n-butyl(methyl)carbamothioyl]sulfanide}n, [C6H16NNaO2S2]n
  69. Crystal structure of (2-([1,1-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-oxyethyl]iminomethyl)-5-(n-decyl)phenolato)-dimethyl-tin(IV), C23H39NO5Sn
  70. Crystal structure of 4-chloro-N′-[(1E)-(3-ethoxy-2-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]benzohydrazide – a Z′ = 3 structure, C16H15ClN2O3
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