Home Halogen bonds in the crystal structure of 5-bromo-3,4′-bipyridine – 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (2/1), C26H14Br2F4I2N4
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Halogen bonds in the crystal structure of 5-bromo-3,4′-bipyridine – 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (2/1), C26H14Br2F4I2N4

  • Weizhou Wang ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: July 25, 2019

Abstract

C26H14Br2F4I2N4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 8.7472(4) Å, b = 8.7822(4) Å, c = 9.4065(4) Å, α = 102.745(4)°, β = 105.489(4)°, γ = 91.949(4)°, V = 675.88(5) Å3, Z = 1, Rgt(F) = 0.0336, wRref(F2) = 0.0813, T = 290 K.

CCDC no.: 1936357

Table 1 contains crystallographic data and Table 2 contains the list of the atoms including atomic coordinates and displacement parameters.

Table 1:

Data collection and handling.

Crystal:Colourless block
Size:0.27 × 0.26 × 0.21 mm
Wavelength:Mo Kα radiation (0.71073 Å)
μ:5.33 mm−1
Diffractometer, scan mode:SuperNova, ω
θmax, completeness:29.4°, >99%
N(hkl)measured, N(hkl)unique, Rint:10224, 3228, 0.033
Criterion for Iobs, N(hkl)gt:Iobs > 2 σ(Iobs), 2689
N(param)refined:172
Programs:CrysAlisPRO [1], SHELX [2], [3], Olex2 [4]
Table 2:

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2).

AtomxyzUiso*/Ueq
I10.87034(3)0.59413(3)0.32720(2)0.04508(11)
F10.8726(3)0.2679(2)0.0926(2)0.0528(5)
F20.9632(3)0.1984(2)−0.1590(3)0.0557(6)
C10.9489(4)0.5374(4)0.1323(4)0.0369(8)
C20.9342(4)0.3849(4)0.0469(4)0.0387(8)
C30.9830(4)0.3487(4)−0.0811(4)0.0386(8)
Br10.75346(8)1.12978(6)1.40853(6)0.0885(2)
N10.7613(4)0.6775(5)0.5885(4)0.0601(9)
N20.4511(4)0.7471(4)1.1471(4)0.0598(9)
C40.6924(5)0.5728(6)0.6395(5)0.0609(11)
H40.67550.46910.58380.073*
C50.6444(5)0.6076(5)0.7697(4)0.0508(10)
H50.59430.52930.79860.061*
C60.6709(4)0.7595(4)0.8573(4)0.0408(8)
C70.7470(5)0.8685(4)0.8069(4)0.0511(9)
H70.76880.97240.86220.061*
C80.7903(5)0.8227(5)0.6747(5)0.0608(11)
H80.84290.89780.64400.073*
C90.4979(4)0.7165(5)1.0205(5)0.0538(10)
H90.44430.63190.94210.065*
C100.6227(4)0.8041(4)0.9991(4)0.0400(8)
C110.6976(4)0.9304(4)1.1162(4)0.0443(9)
H110.78050.99361.10740.053*
C120.6492(5)0.9619(4)1.2451(4)0.0461(9)
C130.5277(5)0.8663(5)1.2573(5)0.0565(11)
H130.49870.88711.34740.068*

Source of material

The 5-bromo-3,4-bipyridine was purchased from Jinan Heng Hua Technology Co. Ltd. (Shandong, China), and 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene was purchased from J&K Scientific Ltd. (Beijing, China). Both were used without further purification. The 5-bromo-3,4-bipyridine (2.35 mg, 0.01 mmol) and 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (4.02 mg, 0.01 mmol) were dissolved in approximately 10 mL of trichloromethane with gentle stirring at room temperature. The undissolved materials were removed by filtration. The filtrate was set aside for crystallization by slow evaporation of the solvent at room temperature. After about two days, clear light colourless crystals of title compound were obtained.

Experimental details

Carbon-bound H atoms were placed in calculated positions and were included in the refinement in the riding model approximation, with Uiso(H) set to 1.2Ueq(C).

Comment

In recent years, both the experimental and theoretical studies of the halogen bond are very hot in the field of noncovalent bonds [5], [6], [7], [8], [9]. The molecule 5-bromo-3,4-bipyridine has two electron-rich nitrogen atoms. Theoretically, it can form two halogen bonds with two different 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene molecules upon cocrystal formation. However, the introduction of the electron-withdrawing bromine atom in one pyridine ring maybe make the case a little bit more complex. Therefore, this work can contribute to the question how many halogen bonds one 5-bromo-3,4-bipyridine molecule can form.

All bond lengths and angles in the title crystal structure are in the normal ranges [10]. The 5-bromo-3,4-bipyridine molecules and 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene molecules are linked by the halogen bonds with d(I1⋯N1) = 2.827 Å and ∠(C1—I1⋯N1) = 178.59° (see the Figure 1). The N2 atom does not form the halogen bond with other iodine atoms. This is understandable because the electron-withdrawing bromine leads to the decrease of the electron density at N2. Besides the C1—I1⋯N1 halogen bonds, there are other noncovalent interactions such as the π⋯π stacking interactions, C—H⋯F hydrogen bonds and C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds which may contribute to the formation of the 3D structure. According to our quantum chemical calculations at the ωB97X-D/def2-TZVPP level of theory [11], the binding energy of the C1—I1⋯N1 halogen bond is 6.57 kcal/mol; the binding energy of the π⋯π stacking interaction between 5-bromo-3,4-bipyridine and 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene is 9.07 kcal/mol; the binding energy of the C—H⋯F hydrogen bond is 1.46 kcal/mol; the binding energy of the C—H⋯N hydrogen bond is 2.55 kcal/mol. It must be pointed out that our previous study has shown that the ωB97X-D/def2-TZVPP calculations are reliable for the study of the molecular interactions considered in this study [12]. This study clearly shows that one 5-bromo-3,4-bipyridine molecule forms only one halogen bond with 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene in the crystal structure.

Figure 1: Molecular structure of the title complex with dispalcement ellipsoids draw at the 50% proability level.
Figure 1:

Molecular structure of the title complex with dispalcement ellipsoids draw at the 50% proability level.

Funding source: National Science Foundation of China

Award Identifier / Grant number: 21773104

Funding source: Program for Science & Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province

Award Identifier / Grant number: 13HASTIT015

Funding statement: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21773104) and the Program for Science & Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province (Grant No. 13HASTIT015). Computer time was provided by the National Supercomputing Center in Shenzhen.

References

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Received: 2019-05-04
Accepted: 2019-06-25
Published Online: 2019-07-25
Published in Print: 2019-11-26

©2019 Weizhou Wang, published by De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Public License.

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