Startseite Risk factors for elevated serum colorectal cancer markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Artikel Open Access

Risk factors for elevated serum colorectal cancer markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

  • Jingjing Guo , Bin Wang , Weikai Hou EMAIL logo und Kun Ma EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 26. Mai 2020
Artikel downloaden (PDF)
Open Life Sciences
Aus der Zeitschrift Open Life Sciences Band 15 Heft 1

Abstract

The study aims to examine the risk factors for increased colorectal cancer (CRC) markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The 229 patients retrospectively reviewed were categorized into two groups: CRC tumor marker-positive and -negative groups. Patients who tested positive for all three of the following CRC markers were included in the CRC tumor marker-positive group: serum carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 and septin9 methylation. Univariate analysis revealed that most CRC marker-positive patients had higher age, a family history of CRC, history of smoking and alcohol intake, high body mass index (BMI; overweight), longer history of T2DM, worse diabetes control (with high glycated hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]), lower level of serum vitamin D (VD), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and higher level of total cholesterol and triglyceride (TG). Logistic regression analysis showed that BMI, VD, HbA1c and TG were independent predictors of CRC marker-positive status (OR, 95% confidence intervals and P values were 1.912 [1.346–2.716], <0.001; 0.773 [0.633–0.943], 0.011; 9.082 [3.52–23.433], <0.001; and 11.597 [3.267–41.164], <0.001, respectively). In this retrospective study, high BMI, HbA1c and TG as well as low level of VD were correlated with CRC tumor marker-positive status in T2DM patients. Patients with these risk factors may benefit from more frequent screening for CRC tumor markers.

Keywords: colorectal cancer; carbohydrate antigen; methylated septin9; body mass index; vitamin D; glycated hemoglobin A1c; triglyceride

1 Introduction

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has shown a steady increase alongside the upward socioeconomic mobility and the general improvement in the standards of living. Previous studies have shown that patients with T2DM are at a higher risk of developing malignant tumor compared to nondiabetic individuals [1]. Epidemiological studies have shown that diabetes is an independent risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC); the risk of CRC in T2DM patients is approximately 1.30 times higher than that of nondiabetic patients [2]. For hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer and renal carcinoma, this number is 1.26, 2.81 and 1.61 in males and 1.53, 3.62 and 1.71 in females, respectively [3]. The mechanism of the association between T2DM and the risk of cancer is complex and multifaceted. Exogenous insulin promotes overexpression of insulin-like receptors, thereby promoting mitosis of cancer cells [4]. T2DM induces a certain degree of immune dysfunction. In addition, the role of vitamin D (VD) in the process of tumorigenesis has increasingly been acknowledged in recent years. A meta-analysis of studies (combined study population of 17,664 subjects) revealed that patients with T2DM, especially those with diabetic nephropathy, often have decreased serum VD levels [5]; and decreased serum VD levels were shown to increase the risk of malignant tumors [6]. Therefore, a variety of factors appear to influence the incidence of malignant tumors in patients with T2DM.

CRC is a malignant tumor that predominantly occurs in middle-aged and elderly people [7]. Patients typically exhibit no obvious clinical symptoms in the early stages of the disease. Screening of serum markers is an important tool for early diagnosis of CRC [8]. At present, the more commonly used serum markers include carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19-9, CA50, CA125 and the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). CA19-9 has a high positive predictive value for digestive system carcinomas, such as CRC, pancreatic cancer, gallbladder cancer, cholangiocarcinoma and gastric cancer. In addition, a mild increase in CA19-9 occurs in noncancerous diseases, such as chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and pancreatitis [9,10]. CA50 is not expressed or has a low expression in normal tissues; however, the serum levels increase significantly upon malignant transformation of cells. CA50 is a broad-spectrum tumor marker with poor specificity for diagnosis of cancers [10]. CA125 is a sensitive marker for the diagnosis of epithelial ovarian tumors, but its level is often increased in patients with CRC; therefore, it has a poor specificity for CRC [10,11]. CEA is regarded as a more specific marker of CRC. However, recent clinical studies have shown that CEA is also highly expressed in breast, gastric and pancreatic cancers [12]. Septin9 is a gene that was shown to be directly related to cancer occurrence. Methylation of the CpG islands in the 5′-region of the Septin9 gene has been implicated in the development of CRC. The incidence of hypermethylation in CRC tissue is up to 90% as against 10% in normal control tissues [13]. Therefore, the methylated septin9 (mSEPT9) is an important biological characteristic and serological marker for CRC. Methylated septin9DNA can be released from the necrotic or apoptotic tumor cells into the peripheral circulation in the early stages of CRC. Thus, detection of methylated septin9 in peripheral blood can be used for screening, early diagnosis, treatment evaluation and dynamic monitoring of CRC [14,15].

Although detection of serum markers cannot be used to confirm CRC diagnosis due to its poor specificity, it is still the most important means of CRC screening in China because of its good sensitivity, simple operation and relatively low price [16]. Because of the great correlation between T2DM and CRC, we infer that compared with the general population, the T2DM population may have higher serum levels of CRC markers and hence need more frequent detection. The aim of this study is to examine the risk factors associated with elevated serum markers of CRC in patients with T2DM. Our findings may help identify patients who may benefit from more frequent assessment of tumor marker levels.

2 Materials and methods

2.1 Study design

This was a retrospective case–control study. Adult patients (age >18 years) who were diagnosed with T2DM and treated at the Department of Health and Endocrinology of the Jinan Central Hospital between January 2016 and November 2017 were eligible for inclusion in this study. The control subjects were all healthy individuals who underwent a medical examination at the Jinan Central Hospital during the same time.

  1. Informed consent: Informed consent has been obtained from all individuals included in this study.

  2. Ethical approval: The research related to human use has been complied with all the relevant national regulations and institutional policies and also in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki, and the study has been approved by the ethics committee of the Jinan Central Hospital affiliated to the Shandong University.

2.2 Participants and grouping

The diagnosis of T2DM was based on the diagnostic criteria issued by World Health Organization in 1999: presence of clinical symptoms of diabetes plus random blood glucose (BG) > 11.1 mmol/L or fasting BG > 7.0 mmol/L, or oral glucose tolerance test 2 h BG > 11.1 mmol/L. Asymptomatic patients were required to qualify the BG diagnostic standard twice within a 2-week period. The exclusion criteria were patients with acute life-threatening primary disease such as acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, infection, moderate to severe systematic chronic disease (such as hypertension, rheumatism and liver or renal dysfunction), chronic infection (such as tuberculosis), psychosis, cancer, and pregnant or lactating women.

The study population was grouped according to the level of serum markers. The guidelines of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology for diagnosis and treatment of CRC (2015) recommend detection of CEA and CA19-9 to support the diagnosis of CRC [17]; in addition, mSEPT9 is a relatively new and highly specific CRC tumor marker, which is now recommended by the Chinese Medical Association and the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association as a CRC screening biomarker [17]. Therefore, in this study, patients who tested positive for all three markers were included in the CRC marker-positive group and those who tested negative for all three markers were included in the CRC marker-negative group. Patients who tested positive for any one or two markers were excluded from this study.

2.3 Detection of CEA, CA 19-9 and mSEPT9

Serum levels of CEA and CA 19-9 were determined by fluorescent magnetic particle immunoassay kits (ST AIA-PACK CEA kit and ST AIA-PACK CA199 kit; Tosoh Hi-Tech Inc., Tokyo, Japan) on an AIA-2000 automatic immune analyzer (Tosoh Hi-Tech Inc.). The CEA level > 6 ng/mL and CA 19-9 level > 37 U/mL were considered positive. Peripheral blood mSEPT9 was detected by the probe-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, with the Septin9 Methylation Detection kit (Biochain Beijing Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China), according to the kit instructions. Briefly, DNA was extracted from peripheral blood. The methylated DNA was directly extracted by the magnetic bead adsorption, and the nonmethylated DNA was converted by the deamination reaction. The real-time PCR was performed on the ABI7500 real-time thermocycler (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, USA). The reaction conditions were as follows: 94°C for 20 min; 62°C for 5 s, 55.5°C for 35 s, 93°C for 30 s, for totally 45 cycles; followed by 40°C for 5 s. The results were interpreted using the ABI 7500 Fast PCR software (Applied Biosystems). Experiment was performed in triplicates.

2.4 Variables

Data pertaining to the following variables were included in the analysis: gender, age (years), duration of T2DM (years), family history of T2DM, family history of CRC, smoking, consumption of alcohol, body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), serum VD (ng/mL), glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c, %), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, mmol/L), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C, mmol/L), total cholesterol (Chol T, mmol/L) and triglycerides (TGs, mmol/L). Patients who smoked ≤20 cigarettes per week were considered as nonsmokers. Regarding alcohol consumption, men who consumed <140 g alcohol per week and women who consumed ≤70 g alcohol per week were considered as nonconsumers of alcohol. Subjects who had quit smoking or consuming alcohol for more than 5 years were considered as nonsmokers or nonconsumers of alcohol, respectively.

2.5 Statistical analysis

SPSS16.0 was used for statistical analysis. Qualitative variables were presented as frequencies and percentages. The distribution of quantitative variables was tested for normality using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Quantitative variables with nonnormal distribution are presented as median (percentile 25, percentile 75), and quantitative variables with normal distribution are presented as mean ± SD. Analyses of factors that affected the CRC tumor marker status of patients with T2DM were performed as follows: first, a univariate logistic analysis was used for qualitative variables; an independent t test was used to assess the between-group differences with respect to normally distributed quantitative variables; and the Mann–Whitney test was used for nonnormally distributed quantitative variables. Variables that showed a significant association in the univariate analysis were included in the multivariate logistic regression model using a stepwise method to identify independent risk factors for elevated CRC tumor markers. P < 0.05 was considered indicative of statistically significant between-group difference.

3 Results

3.1 General data and univariate analysis of the participants

A total of 229 subjects with T2DM were enrolled in the study. Among them, 100 patients were categorized as CRC marker positive. Tables 1 and 2 show the general characteristics of patients and results of univariate analysis. Patients were grouped as CRC marker-positive when CEA level > 6 ng/mL, CA 19-9 level > 37 U/mL, and mSEPT9 was detected, and CRC marker-negative group when these markers were negative or with levels below threshold. The results of univariate analysis of qualitative variables are presented in Table 1, while those of quantitative variables are presented in Tables 2 and 3. The results showed that compared with the CRC marker-negative group, most patients in the CRC marker-positive group had a family history of CRC (Tables 1 and 2). Smoking and alcohol intake also showed a significant positive association with the CRC marker-positive group. Patients in the CRC marker-positive group exhibited higher age, were overweight (with high BMI), had a longer history of T2DM and exhibited worse diabetes control (with high HbA1c). Of note, the VD level in the CRC marker-positive group was significantly lower than that in the CRC marker-negative group. In addition, increased HDL-C level showed a negative correlation with the CRC marker-positive status, while increase in other blood lipid parameters showed a positive correlation with the CRC marker-positive status.

Table 1

Univariate analysis of qualitative variables

FactorsnCRC markersOR and 95% CIP value
NegativePositive
GenderMale10756 (52.34)51 (47.66)1
Female12273 (59.84)49 (40.16)0.737 (0.436–1.245)0.254
FH of T2DMNo204117 (57.35)87 (42.65)1
Yes2512 (48.00)13 (52.00)1.457 (0.634–3.349)0.375
FH of CRCNo194122 (62.89)72 (37.11)1
Yes357 (20.00)28 (80.00)6.778 (2.817–16.307)<0.001
SmokingNo160114 (71.25)46 (28.75)1
Yes6915 (21.74)54 (78.26)8.922 (4.581–17.377)<0.001
AlcoholicNo167119 (71.26)48 (28.74)1
Yes6210 (16.13)52 (83.87)12.892 (6.058–27.434)<0.001
Total229129100

CRC: colorectal cancer; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; FH: family history; T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus.

P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Table 2

Univariate analysis of quantitative variables

FactorsDescriptive statisticValuesCRC markerst/Z valueP value
NegativePositive
Age (years)Mean ± SD62.45 ± 8.4960.65 ± 8.1664.78 ± 8.373.754<0.001
BMI (kg/m2)Mean ± SD24.60 ± 2.7122.92 ± 2.1026.75 ± 1.6914.894<0.001
DT (years)Median (P25, P75)8 (6, 11)6.5 (5, 8)11 (8, 14)8.974<0.001
VD (ng/mL)Median (P25, P75)20.30 (16.30, 23.25)22.4 (20.20, 24.25)16.25 (13.53, 20.10)9.004<0.001
HbA1c (%)Median (P25, P75)8.50 (7.50, 9.55)7.60 (7.10, 8.50)9.70 (9.10, 11.28)11.436<0.001
HDL-C (mmol/L)Median (P25, P75)1.06 (0.96, 1.22)1.14 (1.04, 1.23)1.02 (0.85, 1.16)5.016<0.001
LDL-C (mmol/L)Median (P25, P75)3.25 (2.69, 3.69)3.22 (2.65, 3.65)3.43 (3.05, 4.03)3.2340.001
Chol T (mmol/L)Median (P25, P75)5.22 (4.46, 6.32)4.58 (4.25, 5.38)6.28 (5.22, 7.08)7.645<0.001
TC (mmol/L)Median (P25, P75)2.31 (1.60, 2.63)1.69 (1.46, 2.45)2.56 (2.31, 2.99)8.057<0.001
N129100

CRC: colorectal cancer; BMI: body mass index; DT: duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus; VD: 25′ OH vitamin D3; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin A1c; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Chol T: total cholesterol; TC: triglyceride.

Normally distributed quantitative variables are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) and between-group differences were assessed using the grouped t test. Nonnormally distributed quantitative variables are presented as median (percentile 25, percentile 75) and analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Table 3

Results of normal distribution test of quantitative variables

VariablesAgeBMIDTVDHbA1cHDL-CLDL-CChol TTC
Z value0.7631.2032.1981.3741.6321.6951.3362.1521.348
P value0.6050.111<0.0010.0460.0100.0060.056<0.0010.053

BMI: body mass index; DT: duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus; VD: 25′ OH vitamin D3; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin A1c; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Chol T: cholesterol total; TC: triglyceride.

The normality of distribution of quantitative variables was tested by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

3.2 Screening independent factors for CRC marker positive group

All variables that exhibited a significant association with CRC marker status, including age, BMI, duration of T2DM, VD, HbA1c, HDL-C, LDL-C, Chol T and TG, were included in the logistic regression model. Simple logistic regression indicated that BMI, VD, HbA1c and TG were independent predictors of CRC marker-positive status. When logistic stepwise regression analysis was performed using the nine factors as independent variables (α to enter at 0.05 and remove at 0.10), the variables eventually left in the model were BMI, VD, HbA1c and TG (Table 4).

Table 4

Results of multivariate analysis

FactorsSimple logistic regressionStepwise logistic regression
OR and 95% CIP valueOR and 95% CIP value
FH of CRCNo1
Yes1.624 (0.201–13.154)0.650
SmokingNo1
Yes2.492 (0.43–14.431)0.308
AlcoholicNo1
Yes0.096 (0.008–1.154)0.065
Age1.094 (0.99–1.21)0.078
BMI2.131 (1.335–3.403)0.0021.912 (1.346–2.716)<0.001
DT1.384 (0.984–1.947)0.062
VD0.76 (0.583–0.989)0.0410.773 (0.633–0.943)0.011
HbA1c12.534 (3.808–41.253)<0.0019.082 (3.52–23.433)<0.001
HDL-C5.188 (0.407–66.127)0.205
LDL-C1.636 (0.48–5.578)0.432
Chol T1.118 (0.498–2.508)0.787
TG22.431 (4.444–113.228)<0.00111.597 (3.267–41.164)<0.001

OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; FH: family history; CRC: colorectal cancer; BMI: body mass index; DT: duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus; VD: 25′ OH vitamin D3; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin A1c; HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Chol T: total cholesterol; TC: triglyceride.

All factors that showed a significant association in the univariate analysis were included in the simple and multiple stepwise logistic regression analysis. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

4 Discussion

Owing to upward socioeconomic mobility and progressive population aging, the prevalence of T2DM has shown a rapid increase throughout the world. At the same time, the incidence of malignant tumors, particularly those of the digestive system, is also raising rapidly. Several recent studies have shown that T2DM is an independent risk factor for cancers and affects the prognosis of the patients. CRC is one of the most common cancers of the digestive system. Epidemiological studies have shown that T2DM is an independent risk factor for CRC [18,19]. Detection of serum markers is a convenient method for CRC screening and facilitates early diagnosis of these patients.

In this study, we examined the risk factors associated with increased levels of CRC tumor markers. We found that BMI, VD, HbA1c and TG were independent risk factors. BMI is used as an index to quantify the relative body weight of an individual and categorize the person as low weight, normal, overweight or obese. Several recent studies have shown a strong association between BMI and cancer; thus, obesity is a risk factor for cancer, irrespective of the presence or absence of T2DM [20,21]. In addition to its regulatory effects in calcium and phosphorus metabolism, VD is also associated with cancer development. Epidemiological studies suggest that intake of calcium and VD can reduce the incidence of CRC by 20–30% [22]. High level of serum VD is associated with a low incidence of CRC, and this phenomenon is more pronounced in women over 60 years of age [23]. The molecular mechanism of this phenomenon may be related to the change in the expression levels of VD receptor (VDR) in tumor tissues. VDR belongs to the steroid hormone receptor superfamily and participates in many biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and immune response; significantly low expressions of VDR have been demonstrated in a variety of malignant tumors including CRC [24]. Through the role of VDR, VD can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of cancer cells through a variety of molecular mechanisms, including via regulation of the activity of genes related to cell proliferation and differentiation, such as p21, p27, c-myc, c-fos, c-jun, laminin and fibronectin [25]. Inhibition of the activity of cyclin–cyclin-dependent kinase complex was shown to block the cell cycle [26]; upregulation of pro-apoptotic Bak expression was shown to induce cell apoptosis [27]. The results of our study are consistent with those of previous studies, in that the low level of VD was significantly correlated with increase in CRC-related tumor markers.

Diabetes increases the risk of tumorigenesis, and high HbA1c reflects poor glycemic control. Therefore, the results of this study and previous studies suggest that high HbA1c level is an independent risk factor for CRC [28]. Available evidence pertaining to the relationship between abnormal lipid metabolism and CRC is not consistent. Some studies suggest that elevated levels of TG increase the risk of CRC [29], while other studies have shown that TG is not associated with the incidence of CRC [30]. The inconsistent results may be attributable to the different sites of CRC. Previous studies have shown that left colon cancer is more related to environmental factors, while right colon cancer is more related to genetic factors; thus, the proportion of left and right colon cancer may affect the average blood lipid level [29]. In our study, high TG level was associated with increased level of CRC tumor markers; however, we did not perform a subgroup analysis.

There are some limitations in our research. As a retrospective study, the inherent bias of selection is inevitable. The relatively small sample size limits the statistical power of multivariate analysis. In this study, we analyzed the association between CRC serum markers and different variables. However, we are not sure whether these patients had CRC. Although the aim of this study attempts to explain that patients with T2DM should more frequently be tested for CRC serum markers, there is no clear conclusion as to how frequently should such population test for serum CRC markers. This needs to be studied later. All subjects in our study were residents of the Eastern region of China, which limits the representativeness of our findings. In addition, CRC is a cancer largely caused by environmental factors and lifestyle. Very few lifestyle-related variables were included in the analysis. However, statistical analysis still showed clinical significance. In this study, BMI, VD, HbA1c and TG levels were independent risk factors for increased CRC serum markers in patients with T2DM. Patients with increased BMI, HbA1c and TG as well as lower VD levels may benefit from more frequent screening for CRC tumor markers to facilitate early diagnosis of CRC.

5 Conclusion

In this retrospective case–control study, we examined the risk factors associated with increased levels of CRC tumor markers. We found that BMI, VD, HbA1c and TG were independent risk factors. Patients with increased BMI, HbA1c and TG and decreased VD levels may benefit from more frequent screening for CRC tumor markers to facilitate early diagnosis of CRC.

Acknowledgment

This work was supported by the Shandong Provincial Medical Health Technology Development Project (Grant No. 2016WS0143).

  1. Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.

References

[1] Zhang PH, Chen ZW, Lv D, Xu YY, Gu WL, Zhang XH, et al. Increased risk of cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a retrospective cohort study in China. BMC Public Health. 2012;12:567.10.1186/1471-2458-12-567Suche in Google Scholar

[2] de Kort S, Masclee AAM, Sanduleanu S, Weijenberg MP, van Herk-Sukel MPP, Oldenhof NJJ, et al. Higher risk of colorectal cancer in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus before the age of colorectal cancer screening initiation. Sci Rep. 2017;7:46527.10.1038/srep46527Suche in Google Scholar

[3] Wang M, Hu RY, Wu HB, Pan J, Gong WW, Guo LH, et al. Cancer risk among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a population-based prospective study in China. Sci Rep. 2015;5:11503.10.1038/srep11503Suche in Google Scholar

[4] Vigneri R, Goldfine ID, Frittitta L. Insulin, insulin receptors, and cancer. J Endocrinol Invest. 2016;39:1365–76.10.1007/s40618-016-0508-7Suche in Google Scholar

[5] Luo BA, Gao F, Qin LL. The association between vitamin D deficiency and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Nutrients. 2017;9:307–19.10.3390/nu9030307Suche in Google Scholar

[6] Ness RA, Miller DD, Li W. The role of vitamin D in cancer prevention. Chin J Nat Med. 2015;13:481–97.10.1016/S1875-5364(15)30043-1Suche in Google Scholar

[7] Pourhoseingholi MA. Increased burden of colorectal cancer in Asia. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2012;4:68–70.10.4251/wjgo.v4.i4.68Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[8] Ganepola GA, Nizin J, Rutledge JR, Chang DH. Use of blood-based biomarkers for early diagnosis and surveillance of colorectal cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2014;6:83–97.10.4251/wjgo.v6.i4.83Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[9] Perkins GL, Slater ED, Sanders GK, Prichard JG. Serum tumor markers. Am Fam Physician. 2003;68:1075–82.Suche in Google Scholar

[10] Benini L, Cavallini G, Zordan D, Rizzotti P, Rigo L, Brocco G, et al. A clinical evaluation of monoclonal (CA19-9, CA50, CA12-5) and polyclonal (CEA, TPA) antibody-defined antigens for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Pancreas. 1988;3:61–6.10.1097/00006676-198802000-00011Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[11] Loy TS, Quesenberry JT, Sharp SC. Distribution of CA 125 in adenocarcinomas. An immunohistochemical study of 481 cases. Am J Clin Pathol. 1992;98:175–9.10.1093/ajcp/98.2.175Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[12] Nan J, Li J, Li X, Guo G, Wen X, Tian Y. Preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen as a marker for predicting the outcome of three cancers. Biomark Cancer. 2017;9:1–7.10.1177/1179299X17690142Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[13] Wasserkort R, Kalmar A, Valcz G, Spisak S, Krispin M, Toth K, et al. Aberrant septin 9 DNA methylation in colorectal cancer is restricted to a single CpG island. BMC Cancer. 2013;13:398.10.1186/1471-2407-13-398Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[14] deVos T, Tetzner R, Model F, Weiss G, Schuster M, Distler J, et al. Circulating methylated SEPT9 DNA in plasma is a biomarker for colorectal cancer. Clin Chem. 2009;55:1337–46.10.1373/clinchem.2008.115808Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[15] Song L, Peng X, Li Y, Xiao W, Jia J, Dong C, et al. The SEPT9 gene methylation assay is capable of detecting colorectal adenoma in opportunistic screening. Epigenomics. 2017;9:599–610.10.2217/epi-2016-0146Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[16] Zhang Z, Zhang S-t, Li P. The Interpretation of the American Cancer Society screening guidelines for colorectal cancer. Chin J Pract Intern Med. 2018;38:814–6.Suche in Google Scholar

[17] Society of Digestive Endoscopy CMA, Professional Committee of Oncology Endoscopy CA-CA. Guidelines for Screening and Endoscopic Diagnosis and Treatment of Early Colorectal Cancer in China (Beijing, 2014). Natl Med J China. 2015;95:2235–52.Suche in Google Scholar

[18] Woo H, Lee J, Lee J, Park JW, Park S, Kim J, et al. Diabetes mellitus and site-specific colorectal cancer risk in Korea: a case-control study. J Prev Med Public Health. 2016;49:45–52.10.3961/jpmph.15.029Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[19] Stein KB, Snyder CF, Barone BB, Yeh HC, Peairs KS, Derr RL, et al. Colorectal cancer outcomes, recurrence, and complications in persons with and without diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dig Dis Sci. 2010;55:1839–51.10.1007/s10620-009-0944-8Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[20] Park J, Morley TS, Kim M, Clegg DJ, Scherer PE. Obesity and cancer-mechanisms underlying tumour progression and recurrence. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2014;10:455–65.10.1038/nrendo.2014.94Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[21] Sikalidis AK, Varamini B. Roles of hormones and signaling molecules in describing the relationship between obesity and colon cancer. Pathol Oncol Res. 2011;17:785–90.10.1007/s12253-010-9352-9Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[22] Baron JA, Barry EL, Mott LA, Rees JR, Sandler RS, Snover DC, et al. A trial of calcium and vitamin D for the prevention of colorectal adenomas. N Engl J Med. 2015;373:1519–30.10.1056/NEJMoa1500409Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[23] Chandler PD, Buring JE, Manson JE, Giovannucci EL, Moorthy MV, Zhang S, et al. Circulating vitamin D levels and risk of colorectal cancer in women. Cancer Prev Res. 2015;8:675–82.10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-14-0470Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[24] Fleet JC, DeSmet M, Johnson R, Li Y. Vitamin D and cancer: a review of molecular mechanisms. Biochem J. 2012;441:61–76.10.1042/BJ20110744Suche in Google Scholar

[25] Lamprecht SA, Lipkin M. Chemoprevention of colon cancer by calcium, vitamin D and folate: molecular mechanisms. Nat Rev Cancer. 2003;3:601–14.10.1038/nrc1144Suche in Google Scholar

[26] Ylikomi T, Laaksi I, Lou YR, Martikainen P, Miettinen S, Pennanen P, et al. Antiproliferative action of vitamin D. Vitam Horm. 2002;64:357–406.10.1016/S0083-6729(02)64010-5Suche in Google Scholar

[27] Diaz GD, Paraskeva C, Thomas MG, Binderup L, Hague A. Apoptosis is induced by the active metabolite of vitamin D3 and its analogue EB1089 in colorectal adenoma and carcinoma cells: possible implications for prevention and therapy. Cancer Res. 2000;60:2304–12.Suche in Google Scholar

[28] Hope C, Robertshaw A, Cheung KL, Idris I, English E. Relationship between HbA1c and cancer in people with or without diabetes: a systematic review. Diabet Med. 2016;33:1013–25.10.1111/dme.13031Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[29] Agnoli C, Grioni S, Sieri S, Sacerdote C, Vineis P, Tumino R, et al. Colorectal cancer risk and dyslipidemia: a case-cohort study nested in an Italian multicentre cohort. Cancer Epidemiol. 2014;38:144–51.10.1016/j.canep.2014.02.002Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

[30] Ulmer H, Borena W, Rapp K, Klenk J, Strasak A, Diem G, et al. Serum triglyceride concentrations and cancer risk in a large cohort study in Austria. Br J Cancer. 2009;101:1202–6.10.1038/sj.bjc.6605264Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

Received: 2019-03-26
Revised: 2020-02-16
Accepted: 2020-03-11
Published Online: 2020-05-26

© 2020 Jingjing Guo et al., published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Plant Sciences
  2. Dependence of the heterosis effect on genetic distance, determined using various molecular markers
  3. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Regulated Phyto and Microbial Beneficial Protein Interactions
  4. Role of strigolactones: Signalling and crosstalk with other phytohormones
  5. An efficient protocol for regenerating shoots from paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) leaf explants
  6. Functional divergence and adaptive selection of KNOX gene family in plants
  7. In silico identification of Capsicum type III polyketide synthase genes and expression patterns in Capsicum annuum
  8. In vitro induction and characterisation of tetraploid drumstick tree (Moringa oleifera Lam.)
  9. CRISPR/Cas9 or prime editing? – It depends on…
  10. Study on the optimal antagonistic effect of a bacterial complex against Monilinia fructicola in peach
  11. Natural variation in stress response induced by low CO2 in Arabidopsis thaliana
  12. The complete mitogenome sequence of the coral lily (Lilium pumilum) and the Lanzhou lily (Lilium davidii) in China
  13. Ecology and Environmental Sciences
  14. Use of phosphatase and dehydrogenase activities in the assessment of calcium peroxide and citric acid effects in soil contaminated with petrol
  15. Analysis of ethanol dehydration using membrane separation processes
  16. Activity of Vip3Aa1 against Periplaneta americana
  17. Thermostable cellulase biosynthesis from Paenibacillus alvei and its utilization in lactic acid production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
  18. Spatiotemporal dynamics of terrestrial invertebrate assemblages in the riparian zone of the Wewe river, Ashanti region, Ghana
  19. Antifungal activity of selected volatile essential oils against Penicillium sp.
  20. Toxic effect of three imidazole ionic liquids on two terrestrial plants
  21. Biosurfactant production by a Bacillus megaterium strain
  22. Distribution and density of Lutraria rhynchaena Jonas, 1844 relate to sediment while reproduction shows multiple peaks per year in Cat Ba-Ha Long Bay, Vietnam
  23. Biomedical Sciences
  24. Treatment of Epilepsy Associated with Common Chromosomal Developmental Diseases
  25. A Mouse Model for Studying Stem Cell Effects on Regeneration of Hair Follicle Outer Root Sheaths
  26. Morphine modulates hippocampal neurogenesis and contextual memory extinction via miR-34c/Notch1 pathway in male ICR mice
  27. Composition, Anticholinesterase and Antipedicular Activities of Satureja capitata L. Volatile Oil
  28. Weight loss may be unrelated to dietary intake in the imiquimod-induced plaque psoriasis mice model
  29. Construction of recombinant lentiviral vector containing human stem cell leukemia gene and its expression in interstitial cells of cajal
  30. Knockdown of lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 inhibits glioma progression by regulating miR-338-3p/RRM2
  31. Protective effect of asiaticoside on radiation-induced proliferation inhibition and DNA damage of fibroblasts and mice death
  32. Prevalence of dyslipidemia in Tibetan monks from Gansu Province, Northwest China
  33. Sevoflurane inhibits proliferation, invasion, but enhances apoptosis of lung cancer cells by Wnt/β-catenin signaling via regulating lncRNA PCAT6/ miR-326 axis
  34. MiR-542-3p suppresses neuroblastoma cell proliferation and invasion by downregulation of KDM1A and ZNF346
  35. Calcium Phosphate Cement Causes Nucleus Pulposus Cell Degeneration Through the ERK Signaling Pathway
  36. Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Exhibit Osteogenic Differentiation Potential
  37. MiR-489-3p inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and induces apoptosis, by targeting the BDNF-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway in glioblastoma
  38. Long non-coding RNA TUG1 knockdown hinders the tumorigenesis of multiple myeloma by regulating the microRNA-34a-5p/NOTCH1 signaling pathway
  39. Large Brunner’s gland adenoma of the duodenum for almost 10 years
  40. Neurotrophin-3 accelerates reendothelialization through inducing EPC mobilization and homing
  41. Hepatoprotective effects of chamazulene against alcohol-induced liver damage by alleviation of oxidative stress in rat models
  42. FXYD6 overexpression in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhosis
  43. Risk factors for elevated serum colorectal cancer markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
  44. Effect of hepatic sympathetic nerve removal on energy metabolism in an animal model of cognitive impairment and its relationship to Glut2 expression
  45. Progress in research on the role of fibrinogen in lung cancer
  46. Advanced glycation end product levels were correlated with inflammation and carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes patients
  47. MiR-223-3p regulates cell viability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells by targeting RHOB
  48. Knockdown of DDX46 inhibits trophoblast cell proliferation and migration through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in preeclampsia
  49. Buformin suppresses osteosarcoma via targeting AMPK signaling pathway
  50. Effect of FibroScan test in antiviral therapy for HBV-infected patients with ALT <2 upper limit of normal
  51. LncRNA SNHG15 regulates osteosarcoma progression in vitro and in vivo via sponging miR-346 and regulating TRAF4 expression
  52. LINC00202 promotes retinoblastoma progression by regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and aerobic glycolysis through miR-204-5p/HMGCR axis
  53. Coexisting flavonoids and administration route effect on pharmacokinetics of Puerarin in MCAO rats
  54. GeneXpert Technology for the diagnosis of HIV-associated tuberculosis: Is scale-up worth it?
  55. Circ_001569 regulates FLOT2 expression to promote the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of osteosarcoma cells through sponging miR-185-5p
  56. Lnc-PICSAR contributes to cisplatin resistance by miR-485-5p/REV3L axis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
  57. BRCA1 subcellular localization regulated by PI3K signaling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and hormone-sensitive T47D cells
  58. MYL6B drives the capabilities of proliferation, invasion, and migration in rectal adenocarcinoma through the EMT process
  59. Inhibition of lncRNA LINC00461/miR-216a/aquaporin 4 pathway suppresses cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and chemoresistance in glioma
  60. Upregulation of miR-150-5p alleviates LPS-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages by targeting Notch1
  61. Long non-coding RNA LINC00704 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in papillary thyroid carcinoma via miR-204-5p/HMGB1 axis
  62. Neuroanatomy of melanocortin-4 receptor pathway in the mouse brain
  63. Lipopolysaccharides promote pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis through the aggravation of apoptosis and inflammation in alveolar macrophages
  64. Influences of advanced glycosylation end products on the inner blood–retinal barrier in a co-culture cell model in vitro
  65. MiR-4328 inhibits proliferation, metastasis and induces apoptosis in keloid fibroblasts by targeting BCL2 expression
  66. Aberrant expression of microRNA-132-3p and microRNA-146a-5p in Parkinson’s disease patients
  67. Long non-coding RNA SNHG3 accelerates progression in glioma by modulating miR-384/HDGF axis
  68. Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 mediates MPTP/MPP+-induced apoptosis via regulating the miR-124/KLF4 axis in Parkinson’s disease
  69. PCR-detectable Candida DNA exists a short period in the blood of systemic candidiasis murine model
  70. CircHIPK3/miR-381-3p axis modulates proliferation, migration, and glycolysis of lung cancer cells by regulating the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
  71. Reversine and herbal Xiang–Sha–Liu–Jun–Zi decoction ameliorate thioacetamide-induced hepatic injury by regulating the RelA/NF-κB/caspase signaling pathway
  72. Therapeutic effects of coronary granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on rats with chronic ischemic heart disease
  73. The effects of yam gruel on lowering fasted blood glucose in T2DM rats
  74. Circ_0084043 promotes cell proliferation and glycolysis but blocks cell apoptosis in melanoma via circ_0084043-miR-31-KLF3 axis
  75. CircSAMD4A contributes to cell doxorubicin resistance in osteosarcoma by regulating the miR-218-5p/KLF8 axis
  76. Relationship of FTO gene variations with NAFLD risk in Chinese men
  77. The prognostic and predictive value of platelet parameters in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss
  78. LncRNA SNHG15 contributes to doxorubicin resistance of osteosarcoma cells through targeting the miR-381-3p/GFRA1 axis
  79. miR-339-3p regulated acute pancreatitis induced by caerulein through targeting TNF receptor-associated factor 3 in AR42J cells
  80. LncRNA RP1-85F18.6 affects osteoblast cells by regulating the cell cycle
  81. MiR-203-3p inhibits the oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and apoptosis of mice podocytes induced by high glucose through regulating Sema3A expression
  82. MiR-30c-5p/ROCK2 axis regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis and EMT via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in HG-induced HK-2 cells
  83. CTRP9 protects against MIA-induced inflammation and knee cartilage damage by deactivating the MAPK/NF-κB pathway in rats with osteoarthritis
  84. Relationship between hemodynamic parameters and portal venous pressure in cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension
  85. Long noncoding RNA FTX ameliorates hydrogen peroxide-induced cardiomyocyte injury by regulating the miR-150/KLF13 axis
  86. Ropivacaine inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion while inducing apoptosis of glioma cells by regulating the SNHG16/miR-424-5p axis
  87. CD11b is involved in coxsackievirus B3-induced viral myocarditis in mice by inducing Th17 cells
  88. Decitabine shows anti-acute myeloid leukemia potential via regulating the miR-212-5p/CCNT2 axis
  89. Testosterone aggravates cerebral vascular injury by reducing plasma HDL levels
  90. Bioengineering and Biotechnology
  91. PL/Vancomycin/Nano-hydroxyapatite Sustained-release Material to Treat Infectious Bone Defect
  92. The thickness of surface grafting layer on bio-materials directly mediates the immuno-reacitivity of macrophages in vitro
  93. Silver nanoparticles: synthesis, characterisation and biomedical applications
  94. Food Science
  95. Bread making potential of Triticum aestivum and Triticum spelta species
  96. Modeling the effect of heat treatment on fatty acid composition in home-made olive oil preparations
  97. Effect of addition of dried potato pulp on selected quality characteristics of shortcrust pastry cookies
  98. Preparation of konjac oligoglucomannans with different molecular weights and their in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities
  99. Animal Sciences
  100. Changes in the fecal microbiome of the Yangtze finless porpoise during a short-term therapeutic treatment
  101. Agriculture
  102. Influence of inoculation with Lactobacillus on fermentation, production of 1,2-propanediol and 1-propanol as well as Maize silage aerobic stability
  103. Application of extrusion-cooking technology in hatchery waste management
  104. In-field screening for host plant resistance to Delia radicum and Brevicoryne brassicae within selected rapeseed cultivars and new interspecific hybrids
  105. Studying of the promotion mechanism of Bacillus subtilis QM3 on wheat seed germination based on β-amylase
  106. Rapid visual detection of FecB gene expression in sheep
  107. Effects of Bacillus megaterium on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, antioxidant capacity, and immune function in suckling calves
  108. Effects of center pivot sprinkler fertigation on the yield of continuously cropped soybean
  109. Special Issue On New Approach To Obtain Bioactive Compounds And New Metabolites From Agro-Industrial By-Products
  110. Technological and antioxidant properties of proteins obtained from waste potato juice
  111. The aspects of microbial biomass use in the utilization of selected waste from the agro-food industry
  112. Special Issue on Computing and Artificial Techniques for Life Science Applications - Part I
  113. Automatic detection and segmentation of adenomatous colorectal polyps during colonoscopy using Mask R-CNN
  114. The impedance analysis of small intestine fusion by pulse source
  115. Errata
  116. Erratum to “Diagnostic performance of serum CK-MB, TNF-α and hs-CRP in children with viral myocarditis”
  117. Erratum to “MYL6B drives the capabilities of proliferation, invasion, and migration in rectal adenocarcinoma through the EMT process”
  118. Erratum to “Thermostable cellulase biosynthesis from Paenibacillus alvei and its utilization in lactic acid production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation”
https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2020-0030
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
colorectal cancer; carbohydrate antigen; methylated septin9; body mass index; vitamin D; glycated hemoglobin A1c; triglyceride
Creative Commons
BY 4.0

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Plant Sciences
  2. Dependence of the heterosis effect on genetic distance, determined using various molecular markers
  3. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Regulated Phyto and Microbial Beneficial Protein Interactions
  4. Role of strigolactones: Signalling and crosstalk with other phytohormones
  5. An efficient protocol for regenerating shoots from paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) leaf explants
  6. Functional divergence and adaptive selection of KNOX gene family in plants
  7. In silico identification of Capsicum type III polyketide synthase genes and expression patterns in Capsicum annuum
  8. In vitro induction and characterisation of tetraploid drumstick tree (Moringa oleifera Lam.)
  9. CRISPR/Cas9 or prime editing? – It depends on…
  10. Study on the optimal antagonistic effect of a bacterial complex against Monilinia fructicola in peach
  11. Natural variation in stress response induced by low CO2 in Arabidopsis thaliana
  12. The complete mitogenome sequence of the coral lily (Lilium pumilum) and the Lanzhou lily (Lilium davidii) in China
  13. Ecology and Environmental Sciences
  14. Use of phosphatase and dehydrogenase activities in the assessment of calcium peroxide and citric acid effects in soil contaminated with petrol
  15. Analysis of ethanol dehydration using membrane separation processes
  16. Activity of Vip3Aa1 against Periplaneta americana
  17. Thermostable cellulase biosynthesis from Paenibacillus alvei and its utilization in lactic acid production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation
  18. Spatiotemporal dynamics of terrestrial invertebrate assemblages in the riparian zone of the Wewe river, Ashanti region, Ghana
  19. Antifungal activity of selected volatile essential oils against Penicillium sp.
  20. Toxic effect of three imidazole ionic liquids on two terrestrial plants
  21. Biosurfactant production by a Bacillus megaterium strain
  22. Distribution and density of Lutraria rhynchaena Jonas, 1844 relate to sediment while reproduction shows multiple peaks per year in Cat Ba-Ha Long Bay, Vietnam
  23. Biomedical Sciences
  24. Treatment of Epilepsy Associated with Common Chromosomal Developmental Diseases
  25. A Mouse Model for Studying Stem Cell Effects on Regeneration of Hair Follicle Outer Root Sheaths
  26. Morphine modulates hippocampal neurogenesis and contextual memory extinction via miR-34c/Notch1 pathway in male ICR mice
  27. Composition, Anticholinesterase and Antipedicular Activities of Satureja capitata L. Volatile Oil
  28. Weight loss may be unrelated to dietary intake in the imiquimod-induced plaque psoriasis mice model
  29. Construction of recombinant lentiviral vector containing human stem cell leukemia gene and its expression in interstitial cells of cajal
  30. Knockdown of lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 inhibits glioma progression by regulating miR-338-3p/RRM2
  31. Protective effect of asiaticoside on radiation-induced proliferation inhibition and DNA damage of fibroblasts and mice death
  32. Prevalence of dyslipidemia in Tibetan monks from Gansu Province, Northwest China
  33. Sevoflurane inhibits proliferation, invasion, but enhances apoptosis of lung cancer cells by Wnt/β-catenin signaling via regulating lncRNA PCAT6/ miR-326 axis
  34. MiR-542-3p suppresses neuroblastoma cell proliferation and invasion by downregulation of KDM1A and ZNF346
  35. Calcium Phosphate Cement Causes Nucleus Pulposus Cell Degeneration Through the ERK Signaling Pathway
  36. Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Exhibit Osteogenic Differentiation Potential
  37. MiR-489-3p inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and induces apoptosis, by targeting the BDNF-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway in glioblastoma
  38. Long non-coding RNA TUG1 knockdown hinders the tumorigenesis of multiple myeloma by regulating the microRNA-34a-5p/NOTCH1 signaling pathway
  39. Large Brunner’s gland adenoma of the duodenum for almost 10 years
  40. Neurotrophin-3 accelerates reendothelialization through inducing EPC mobilization and homing
  41. Hepatoprotective effects of chamazulene against alcohol-induced liver damage by alleviation of oxidative stress in rat models
  42. FXYD6 overexpression in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhosis
  43. Risk factors for elevated serum colorectal cancer markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
  44. Effect of hepatic sympathetic nerve removal on energy metabolism in an animal model of cognitive impairment and its relationship to Glut2 expression
  45. Progress in research on the role of fibrinogen in lung cancer
  46. Advanced glycation end product levels were correlated with inflammation and carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes patients
  47. MiR-223-3p regulates cell viability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells by targeting RHOB
  48. Knockdown of DDX46 inhibits trophoblast cell proliferation and migration through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in preeclampsia
  49. Buformin suppresses osteosarcoma via targeting AMPK signaling pathway
  50. Effect of FibroScan test in antiviral therapy for HBV-infected patients with ALT <2 upper limit of normal
  51. LncRNA SNHG15 regulates osteosarcoma progression in vitro and in vivo via sponging miR-346 and regulating TRAF4 expression
  52. LINC00202 promotes retinoblastoma progression by regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and aerobic glycolysis through miR-204-5p/HMGCR axis
  53. Coexisting flavonoids and administration route effect on pharmacokinetics of Puerarin in MCAO rats
  54. GeneXpert Technology for the diagnosis of HIV-associated tuberculosis: Is scale-up worth it?
  55. Circ_001569 regulates FLOT2 expression to promote the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of osteosarcoma cells through sponging miR-185-5p
  56. Lnc-PICSAR contributes to cisplatin resistance by miR-485-5p/REV3L axis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
  57. BRCA1 subcellular localization regulated by PI3K signaling pathway in triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and hormone-sensitive T47D cells
  58. MYL6B drives the capabilities of proliferation, invasion, and migration in rectal adenocarcinoma through the EMT process
  59. Inhibition of lncRNA LINC00461/miR-216a/aquaporin 4 pathway suppresses cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and chemoresistance in glioma
  60. Upregulation of miR-150-5p alleviates LPS-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis of RAW264.7 macrophages by targeting Notch1
  61. Long non-coding RNA LINC00704 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in papillary thyroid carcinoma via miR-204-5p/HMGB1 axis
  62. Neuroanatomy of melanocortin-4 receptor pathway in the mouse brain
  63. Lipopolysaccharides promote pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis through the aggravation of apoptosis and inflammation in alveolar macrophages
  64. Influences of advanced glycosylation end products on the inner blood–retinal barrier in a co-culture cell model in vitro
  65. MiR-4328 inhibits proliferation, metastasis and induces apoptosis in keloid fibroblasts by targeting BCL2 expression
  66. Aberrant expression of microRNA-132-3p and microRNA-146a-5p in Parkinson’s disease patients
  67. Long non-coding RNA SNHG3 accelerates progression in glioma by modulating miR-384/HDGF axis
  68. Long non-coding RNA NEAT1 mediates MPTP/MPP+-induced apoptosis via regulating the miR-124/KLF4 axis in Parkinson’s disease
  69. PCR-detectable Candida DNA exists a short period in the blood of systemic candidiasis murine model
  70. CircHIPK3/miR-381-3p axis modulates proliferation, migration, and glycolysis of lung cancer cells by regulating the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
  71. Reversine and herbal Xiang–Sha–Liu–Jun–Zi decoction ameliorate thioacetamide-induced hepatic injury by regulating the RelA/NF-κB/caspase signaling pathway
  72. Therapeutic effects of coronary granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on rats with chronic ischemic heart disease
  73. The effects of yam gruel on lowering fasted blood glucose in T2DM rats
  74. Circ_0084043 promotes cell proliferation and glycolysis but blocks cell apoptosis in melanoma via circ_0084043-miR-31-KLF3 axis
  75. CircSAMD4A contributes to cell doxorubicin resistance in osteosarcoma by regulating the miR-218-5p/KLF8 axis
  76. Relationship of FTO gene variations with NAFLD risk in Chinese men
  77. The prognostic and predictive value of platelet parameters in diabetic and nondiabetic patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss
  78. LncRNA SNHG15 contributes to doxorubicin resistance of osteosarcoma cells through targeting the miR-381-3p/GFRA1 axis
  79. miR-339-3p regulated acute pancreatitis induced by caerulein through targeting TNF receptor-associated factor 3 in AR42J cells
  80. LncRNA RP1-85F18.6 affects osteoblast cells by regulating the cell cycle
  81. MiR-203-3p inhibits the oxidative stress, inflammatory responses and apoptosis of mice podocytes induced by high glucose through regulating Sema3A expression
  82. MiR-30c-5p/ROCK2 axis regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis and EMT via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in HG-induced HK-2 cells
  83. CTRP9 protects against MIA-induced inflammation and knee cartilage damage by deactivating the MAPK/NF-κB pathway in rats with osteoarthritis
  84. Relationship between hemodynamic parameters and portal venous pressure in cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension
  85. Long noncoding RNA FTX ameliorates hydrogen peroxide-induced cardiomyocyte injury by regulating the miR-150/KLF13 axis
  86. Ropivacaine inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion while inducing apoptosis of glioma cells by regulating the SNHG16/miR-424-5p axis
  87. CD11b is involved in coxsackievirus B3-induced viral myocarditis in mice by inducing Th17 cells
  88. Decitabine shows anti-acute myeloid leukemia potential via regulating the miR-212-5p/CCNT2 axis
  89. Testosterone aggravates cerebral vascular injury by reducing plasma HDL levels
  90. Bioengineering and Biotechnology
  91. PL/Vancomycin/Nano-hydroxyapatite Sustained-release Material to Treat Infectious Bone Defect
  92. The thickness of surface grafting layer on bio-materials directly mediates the immuno-reacitivity of macrophages in vitro
  93. Silver nanoparticles: synthesis, characterisation and biomedical applications
  94. Food Science
  95. Bread making potential of Triticum aestivum and Triticum spelta species
  96. Modeling the effect of heat treatment on fatty acid composition in home-made olive oil preparations
  97. Effect of addition of dried potato pulp on selected quality characteristics of shortcrust pastry cookies
  98. Preparation of konjac oligoglucomannans with different molecular weights and their in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities
  99. Animal Sciences
  100. Changes in the fecal microbiome of the Yangtze finless porpoise during a short-term therapeutic treatment
  101. Agriculture
  102. Influence of inoculation with Lactobacillus on fermentation, production of 1,2-propanediol and 1-propanol as well as Maize silage aerobic stability
  103. Application of extrusion-cooking technology in hatchery waste management
  104. In-field screening for host plant resistance to Delia radicum and Brevicoryne brassicae within selected rapeseed cultivars and new interspecific hybrids
  105. Studying of the promotion mechanism of Bacillus subtilis QM3 on wheat seed germination based on β-amylase
  106. Rapid visual detection of FecB gene expression in sheep
  107. Effects of Bacillus megaterium on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, antioxidant capacity, and immune function in suckling calves
  108. Effects of center pivot sprinkler fertigation on the yield of continuously cropped soybean
  109. Special Issue On New Approach To Obtain Bioactive Compounds And New Metabolites From Agro-Industrial By-Products
  110. Technological and antioxidant properties of proteins obtained from waste potato juice
  111. The aspects of microbial biomass use in the utilization of selected waste from the agro-food industry
  112. Special Issue on Computing and Artificial Techniques for Life Science Applications - Part I
  113. Automatic detection and segmentation of adenomatous colorectal polyps during colonoscopy using Mask R-CNN
  114. The impedance analysis of small intestine fusion by pulse source
  115. Errata
  116. Erratum to “Diagnostic performance of serum CK-MB, TNF-α and hs-CRP in children with viral myocarditis”
  117. Erratum to “MYL6B drives the capabilities of proliferation, invasion, and migration in rectal adenocarcinoma through the EMT process”
  118. Erratum to “Thermostable cellulase biosynthesis from Paenibacillus alvei and its utilization in lactic acid production by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation”
Jetzt anmelden und 20% sparen
Institutioneller Zugang
Wie funktioniert Authentifizierung?
Haben Sie eine Idee, wie wir unsere Website verbessern können?
Bitte schreiben Sie uns.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Heruntergeladen am 10.9.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/biol-2020-0030/html
Button zum nach oben scrollen