Startseite Bending resistance of PVA fiber reinforced cementitious composites containing nano-SiO2
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Bending resistance of PVA fiber reinforced cementitious composites containing nano-SiO2

  • Peng Zhang , Yifeng Ling EMAIL logo , Juan Wang und Yan Shi
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 31. Dezember 2019
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Nanotechnology Reviews
Aus der Zeitschrift Nanotechnology Reviews Band 8 Heft 1

Abstract

In this study, the effects of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber content and nano-SiO2 (NS) on bending resistance of cementitious composites were investigated including bending strength and toughness. PVA fiber contents from 0.6% to 1.5% were added in the composites. The NS contents was 0% and 2% by mass. The water to binder ratio (w/b) was 0.38 for all composites. The specimens were cured for 28 days under 20∘C and relative humidity of 95% before bending test. The results show that the bending strength was improved with PVA fiber content increasing and the maximum bending strength was obtained at PVA fiber content of 1.5%. Although PVA fiber increased bending resistance regardless of NS addition, the optimal content was 1.2%. When the fiber content was less than 1.2%, the bending resistance of cementitious composites increased with fiber content. However, the toughness began to decrease as PVA fiber content increased from 1.2 % to 1.5%.2% NS addition decreased both bending strength and toughness due to the fact that NS was prone to self-desiccation and flock together, resulting in micro crack and strength loss.

Keywords: PVA fiber reinforced composite; nano-SiO2; bending test; toughness

1 Introduction

The biggest challenges of traditional cementitious compositesare low ductility and high fracture risk which have brought many limitations in their structural applications [1, 2]. A variety of researches have been carried outto investigate the performance and advantages of fiber reinforced compositesin the last few decades. The commonly used fibers in cementitious composites include steel, glass, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyester, aramid and natural plant [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10], among which polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiberis one of the most popular and widely studied fibers in research to improve ductility and reduce the propagation rate of cracks [11]. The mechanism of PVA fiber is mainly to reduce stress concentrations on internal defects of cementitious composites leading to an increase in toughness and ductility [12]. Yu et al. studied the tensile behavior of PVA reinforced concrete. Their concretes had enhanced tensile stress and strain capacities because PVA fiber increased toughness [13]. Cadoni et al. found that PVA fiber addition noticeably reduced fracture energy and improved tensile strength and tensile strain capacity [14] using a dynamic tensile test. Haskett et al. concluded that after adding PVA fibers, the crack amount in compression zone of concrete was effectively reduced [15]. Even after cracking, PVA fiber reinforced composites exhibited strain hardening behavior due to the bridging effect of fibers [16]. Ling et al. conducted an investigation on flexural bending behavior of PVA fiber reinforced cementitious composites. Their observation showed that bending strength and toughness were significantly increased by adding PVA fiber up to 1.5% volume content [17]. Many researchers have confirmed that fiber content greatly affects bending resistance of cementitious composite. Atahan et al. addressed that fiber volume content between 0.5% and 2.0% considerably improved flexural behavior of cementitious composites [18]. High amount of PVA fiber increased bending resistanceand durability of composites [19, 20].

However, a large number of studies have pointed that PVA fibers can be easily pulled out under bending due to low bond strength between matrix and fibers which weakens its bridging effect. Especially for the cementitious composites containing fly ash, low reaction rate of fly ash hurt the interfacial bond strength between cementitious matrix and PVA fibers [21]. The failure mode of fibers under bending load consists of pullout with slight abrasion, surface abrasion and a partially peeled end [22]. Similar occurrence of pullout PVA fibers was also found in fly ash geopolymer composites [23]. Such reduction in bond strength is also related to the increased porosity of composites induced by PVA fibers [23, 24]. Therefore, it is critical to find a solution for reducing porosity and improving bond strength between cementitious matrix and PVA fibers in order to enhance the bridging effect of PVA fibers in cementitious composite.

The use of nanoparticles in the concrete has been increasing in decades. Previous study results indicated that nano-SiO2 (NS) could significantly enhance strength and durability of concrete as an additive as a cementitious material due to their effects on hydration acceleration and microstructure evolution [25, 26, 27]. This improvement in concrete performance is not only attributed to its filler effect and its pozzolanic reaction, but also related to its larger surface area, which speeds up the rate of cement hydration and pozzolanic reactions [28]. Gonzalez et al. added NS to increase the compressive strength and durability of concrete [29]. A study from Zhang et al. found that 2% nanoparticles in cementitious composite noticeably promoted compressive and bending strength [30] which was associated with the filling effectin voids and between unreacted particles to decrease total porosity of the system [31, 32]. Sikora et al. used nano-Fe3O4 in cementitious composites to greatly improve the microstructure of cementitious composites was and decrease the porosity, thus increasing density of the composites [33]. Li et al. put forward that the addition of nanoparticles significantly promoted bending resistance, microstructure and ductility of cementitious composites [34]. In addition, NS has been found that it can substantially enhance the bond strength in cementitious composites due to the nanometer effects [35, 36, 37, 38]. Therefore, understanding the effects of nanoparticles on bending resistance of PVA fiber reinforced composite is important to evaluate bond strength between cementitious matrix and PVA fibers. Relative studies on the bending resistance of such composites containing NS are very limited.

Although many researches have been conducted on the bending resistance of PVA fiber reinforced cementitious composites or NS reinforced cementitious composites, the studies on the bending resistance of cementitious composites simultaneously added with PVA fiber and NS were still in lack. In present study, NS were adopted to manufacture the PVA reinforced cementitious composites. A bending test was performed on the composites containing NS with various PVA fiber contents. The effects of varied PVA fiber contents and NS addition on bending properties of cementitious composites were investigated. The recommended dosages of PVA fiber and NS particles in cementitious composite were also provided based on the experimental results.

2 Experiments

2.1 Materials

A Portland cement with 3.13 specific gravity and 3266 cm2/ g specific surface was specified as P.O42.5 [39]. The low calcium fly ash complied as first grade in GB/T 1596-2017 [40] with 2.13 specific gravity and 2464 cm2/g specific surface. Table 1 presents the chemical composition of cementitious materials (cement and fly ash). Table 2 lists the physical properties of PVA fiber. Nano-SiO2 (NS) from Hangzhou Wanjing New Material Co. LTD were employed as nanoparticles in this study, and their properties are shown in Table 3. The workability of fresh mixtures was adjusted using ahigh rangewater reducing admixture with its properties provided in Table 4. The sand had grain size within 212-380 μm.

Table 1

Composition of cement and fly ash

Composition (%)SiO2Al2O3Fe2O3CaOMgONa2OK2OSO3
Cement21.055.282.5763.143.580.170.582.39
Fly ash52.1217.866.579.123.262.382.050.23
Table 2

Physical properties of PVA fiber

Specific gravityDry fracture elongation (%)Fiber length (mm)Fiber diameter (μm)Tensile strength (MPa)Water absorption (%)Melting point (∘C)
1.32159201400<1220
Table 3

Basic properties of nanoparticles

Nano particlesAverage size (nm)Content (%)Specific surface (m2/g)Bulk density (g/cm3)PH
SiO23099.52000.0556
Table 4

High range water reducing admixture properties

Specific gravityAlkali Content (%)PH Chloride ion content (%)Effective rate (%)
1.061.24.62 0.07822.0

2.2 Mixture proportions

Based on the study from Yew et al, the recommended dosage of PVA fiber in concrete materials is from 0.1% to 3.0% [30]. Therefore, in this study, Six volume contents of PVA fiber (0.6%, 0.9%, 1.2% and 1.5% of composite) were respectively added to the cementitious composites with 0% and 2% NS by mass of binder (cement, fly ash and NS). In total, 8 cementitious composite mixtures were prepared with 0.38 w/b and 2 binder to sand ratio (b/s).Mixture proportions are presented in Table 5.

Table 5

Mixture proportions of composites

MixtureCement (kg/m3)Fly ash (kg/m3)NS (kg/m3)PVA fiber (%)Sand (kg/m3)Water (kg/m3)High range water reducing admixture (kg/m3)
P0.665035000.65003803
P0.965035000.95003803
P1.265035001.25003803
P1.565035001.55003803
P0.6-N630350200.65003803
P0.9-N630350200.95003803
P1.2-N630350201.25003803
P1.5-N630350201.55003803

  1. Note: All mixtures are named as P or P-N, where P is PVA fiber content and N is NS.

2.3 Experimental methods

2.3.1 Mixing

A laboratory Hobart mixer was used to mix the fresh cementitious composites in accordance with ASTMC305 [41]. A drymixing with silica sand, cement, fly ash and nanoparticles was first proceeded for 2 min. Secondly, one in three water with half high range water reducing admixture was introduced and agitated for 60 seconds. Next, another third of water along with the rest high range water reducing admixture was added and mixed for 60 seconds. Then last third of water was added and stirred for 60 seconds. At last, PVA fibers were evenly quadripartite and respectively mixed with the mixture for 2.5min. Before engineering property tests, all cast specimens were demolded in 24 hours and have 28-day curing of 20∘C and 95% relative humidity.

2.3.2 Bending test

A four-point bending test was carried out on a beam specimento evaluate bending behavior of the cementitious composite as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. For each mix, three beams with a dimension of 400mm×100mm×100mm were cast and the reported result was the average of three specimens. To perform the test, the tested beam was simply supported with a support span of 300 mmas illustrated in Figure 1. Two bending loads were applied symmetrically at 100 mm from the supports using a loading machine. The loading span was one-third of the support span. One LVDT was installed on the side of beam to monitor the mid-span deflections of the beam as seen in Figure 1. In accordance with JG/T 472-2015 [42], the loads were applied at a rate of 30 N/s until specimen failed. The bending stress in the tested slab was calculated according to Eq. (1):

(1)f=FLbd2
Figure 1 Data collection of bending test
Figure 1

Data collection of bending test

Figure 2 Testing apparatus of bending test
Figure 2

Testing apparatus of bending test

Where f is bending stress; F is the load; L is the length of the support span; b is the width of slab and d is thickness of slab.

2.3.3 Evaluation of bending resistance

A typical load vs. mid-span deflection plot was presented in Figure 3. The entire fracture process can be separated to three phases: OA, AB and BC. In OA, matrix and PVA fiber are bearing load together. The specimen behaves elastically. Deflection is changing linearly with load. As load increases, the deformation of tensile zone of the cement matrix composites will reach the material’s initial crack strain, and cracks begin to appear. At point A, traditional cement composites fracture immediately, while PVA fiber reinforced composites exhibit deflection hardening behavior, i.e. load keeps going up with deflection increasing until peak load (point B), which is due to bridging effect of PVA fibers. In AB, cracks in specimen propagate stably. The relationship between load and deflection is non-linear, and the specimen is elastic-plastically deforming. Point B is the critical point of crack instable propagation, which reaches the ultimate load of the specimen. In BC, with PVA fibers fractured or pulling out, the specimen eventually fractures at point C.

Figure 3 A typical curve of load vs. mid-span deflection
Figure 3

A typical curve of load vs. mid-span deflection

In JG/T 472-2015 [42], bending resistance parameters are presented in a typical load-deflection (F-δ) curve (Figure 4). δp is the deflection at peak load and δk is the given deflection.

Figure 4 Bending resistance parameter calculation
Figure 4

Bending resistance parameter calculation

Initial flexural toughness ratio (Re,p) and flexural toughness ratio (Re,k) were used to characterize the bending resistance before peak load and the bending resistance after peak load respectively. Re,p can be determined by Eq. (2) and Eq. (3)

(2)Re,p=fe,p/fftm
(3)fe,p=ΩpLbh2δp

Where fe,p (MPa) is equivalent bending strength at peak load; b (mm) is width of beam; h (mm) is thickness of beam; L (mm) is support span; δp (mm) is deflection of peak load; p (N·mm) is area under load-deflection curve before peak load; ftm (MPa) is bending strength of specimen.

While Re,k is expressed as Eq. (4)-Eq. (6)

(4)Re,k=fe,k/fftm
(5)fe,k=Ωp,kLbh2δp,k
(6)δp,k=δk−δp

Where δk (mm) is the given deflection L/k, k=500, 300 mm; fe,k (MPa) is equivalent bending strength at deflection of δk; δp,k (mm) is the increment from δp to δk; p,k (N·mm) is the area under load-deflection curve fromδptoδk. The average of three duplicates was reported in this paper.

3 Results and discussion

3.1 Bending behavior

Figure 5 presents the relationships of load and mid-span deflection for composites with different PVA contents. It implies that irrespective of NS addition, a significant increment in ductility and toughness (area under curve) was achieved by increasing PVA content. This tendency is associated with that PVA displayed bridging effect by taking partial load on composite matrix which restrained crack development and sudden failure of specimen [43]. PVA content did not impact bending strength very much.

Figure 5 Load vs. mid-span deflection for composites with different PVA contents
Figure 5

Load vs. mid-span deflection for composites with different PVA contents

Figure 6 depicts the load vs. mid-span deflection for the NS composites with different PVA contents. Similar as those composites without NS, the ductility and toughness of the composites containing NS also greatly increased with PVA content increasing from 0%-1.5%. Comparing Figure 5 and Figure 6,NS addition conversely reduced flexural leak load of composites. This is because too much NS was prone to self-desiccation, leading to micro crack in composite [44].

Figure 6 Load vs. mid-span deflection for NS composites with different PVA contents
Figure 6

Load vs. mid-span deflection for NS composites with different PVA contents

In summary, PVA fibers play a significant role in bridging microcracks when applied to cementitious composites, and the bond strength between the cementitious matrix and PVA fibers has a certain anti-cracking effect. Besides, the disordered PVA fibers distributing in three dimensions could form a structural support inside the composites which improved bending strength. Under the loads, micro-cracks appeared with high stress concentration on crack tip. When the crack tip reached PVA fibers, PVA fibers inhibited the propagation of the cracks, since PVA fiber had much larger strengthand size than the matrix and the crack tip respectively [45]. Consequently, with an appropriate content, the addition of PVA fibers remarkably improve the flexural properties of the composites containing NS.

However, if its content was too high, PVA fibers themselves increased the amount of microcracks and cause dun expected defects inside the composites. Therefore, PVA fiber content more than 2% decreased bending strength and resistance of the cementitious composites containing NS.

3.2 Bending resistance

The flexural toughness ratios along with PVA fiber contents are shown from Figures7-12 for both composites without and with NS. As shown in Figures 7-9, without NS addition, all flexural toughness ratios (Re,p, Re,500, and Re,300) were significantly increased when PVA content altered from 0% to 1.2%, while they declined at 1.5% PVA. This trend indicates that PVA fiber could considerably improve bending resistance and its improvement on bending resistance after peak load was much higher than that before peak load. Coincident findings were obtained on the cementitious composites with NS. This is associated with the fact that the bond between PVA and composites was taking partial load until PVA was fractured or pulled out from the matrix. Moreover, the bridging effect of PVA fibers inhibited the crack propagation which reduced the stress concentration on tip of crack [43]. Comparing with 0.6%, 1.2% PVA addition increased Re,p, Re,500, and Re,300 by 11.8%, 25.8% and 35.7% respectively for the composites without NS, and 15.7%, 10.0% and 57.1% respectively for the composites with NS. However, for the excessive PVA fiber addition (1.5%), the flexural toughness ratios were decreased due to non-uniform distribution of PVA fibers caused in matrix [23, 46]. Such phenomenon is related to the agglomeration of PVA fibers leading to an increase in porosity which weakened the bond strength between PVA fibers and cementitious matrix [46]. It should be noted that the addition of NS did not noticeably increase the flexural toughness ratios. Its reason needs further investigation.

Figure 7 Initial flexural toughness ratio (Re,p) of composites with different PVA fiber contents
Figure 7

Initial flexural toughness ratio (Re,p) of composites with different PVA fiber contents

Figure 8 Flexural toughness ratio (Re,500) of composites with different PVA fiber contents
Figure 8

Flexural toughness ratio (Re,500) of composites with different PVA fiber contents

Figure 9 Flexural toughness ratio (Re,300) of composites with different PVA fiber contents
Figure 9

Flexural toughness ratio (Re,300) of composites with different PVA fiber contents

Figure 10 Initial flexural toughness ratio (Re,p) of NS composites with different PVA fiber contents
Figure 10

Initial flexural toughness ratio (Re,p) of NS composites with different PVA fiber contents

Figure 11 Flexural toughness ratio (Re,500) of NS composites with different PVA fiber contents
Figure 11

Flexural toughness ratio (Re,500) of NS composites with different PVA fiber contents

Figure 12 Flexural toughness ratio (Re,300) of NS composites with different PVA fiber contents
Figure 12

Flexural toughness ratio (Re,300) of NS composites with different PVA fiber contents

The bending resistance parameters are summarized in Table 6. It can be concluded that the bending strengths (fe,p, fe,500 and fe,300)were improved by adding PVA fibers up to 1.5%, regardless of NS. This improvement in bending strength was due to the linkage created by PVA which enhanced the strength in tensile zone [47]. Overall, in comparison of 0.6%, 1.5% PVA addition increased fe,p, fe,500, and fe,300 by 26.9%, 39.0% and 29.5% respectively for the composites without NS, and 40.9%, 42.7% and 83.5% respectively for the composites with NS. The optimum PVA fiber volume content for toughness was 1.2%. However, 2% NS addition slightly reduced bending strengths. Ideally, the particle size of NS is smaller than cement, which can effectively improve the interfacial structure properties. NS can also react with Ca(OH)2 to form CaSiO3, which has filling action and improve the microstructure inside the composites. Consequently, the bonding force between PVA fibers and the matrix should be strengthened [45]. In fact, the excessive NS tends to flock together and reduces strength because of large molecular force [48] implying that 2% was beyond the optimum content for NS addition in cementitious composites.

Table 6

Summary of bending parameters

Mixfe,p(MPa)Re,pfe,500(MPa)Re,500fe,300(MPa)Re,300
P0.64.160.763.410.621.560.28
P0.94.290.773.930.711.970.36
P1.24.960.854.540.782.210.38
P1.55.280.834.740.742.020.32
P0.6-N3.180.703.140.701.270.28
P0.9-N3.460.743.350.721.760.38
P1.2-N3.990.813.790.772.160.44
P1.5-N4.480.744.480.742.330.39

4 Conclusions

In this paper, the bending resistance of PVA fiber reinforced cementitious composites with NS addition was systematically investigated. The effects of PVA fiber content and NS addition on bending resistance of the cementitious composites were initially evaluated. The following conclusions were drawn according to experimental results:

  1. The bending strength was considerably enhanced with PVA fiber content increasing (0.6-1.5% by volume) and the maximum bending strength was obtained at PVA fiber content of 1.5%.

  2. Although PVA fiber significantly improved bending resistance regardless of NS addition, there was an optimum PVA content of 1.2% by volume to achieve the maximum toughness and ductility. When the fiber content was less than 1.2%, the bending resistance of cementitious composites increased with fiber content. However, the toughness began to decrease as PVA fiber content increased from 1.2 % to 1.5%.

  3. 2% NS addition was too excessive to increase both bending strength and toughness because NS was prone to self-desiccation and flock together, leading to micro crack and strength loss in composite. An NS dosage lower than 2% was recommended to improve bending strength and toughness, as well as the bond strength between cementitious matrix and PVA fibers.

Acknowledgement

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support received from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51678534), Program for Innovative Research Team (in Science and Technology) in University of Henan Province of China (Grant No. 20IRTSTHN009), CRSRI Open Research Program (Grant No. CKWV2018477/KY), and Open Projects Funds of Dike Safety and Disaster Prevention Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Water Resources (Grant no. 2018006).

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Received: 2019-12-01
Accepted: 2019-12-17
Published Online: 2019-12-31

© 2019 P. Zhang et al., published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Public License.

Artikel in diesem Heft

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  2. Investigation of rare earth upconversion fluorescent nanoparticles in biomedical field
  3. Carbon Nanotubes Coated Paper as Current Collectors for Secondary Li-ion Batteries
  4. Insight into the working wavelength of hotspot effects generated by popular nanostructures
  5. Novel Lead-free biocompatible piezoelectric Hydroxyapatite (HA) – BCZT (Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3) nanocrystal composites for bone regeneration
  6. Effect of defects on the motion of carbon nanotube thermal actuator
  7. Dynamic mechanical behavior of nano-ZnO reinforced dental composite
  8. Fabrication of Ag Np-coated wetlace nonwoven fabric based on amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer
  9. Fractal analysis of pore structures in graphene oxide-carbon nanotube based cementitious pastes under different ultrasonication
  10. Effect of PVA fiber on durability of cementitious composite containing nano-SiO2
  11. Cr effects on the electrical contact properties of the Al2O3-Cu/15W composites
  12. Experimental evaluation of self-expandable metallic tracheobronchial stents
  13. Experimental study on the existence of nano-scale pores and the evolution of organic matter in organic-rich shale
  14. Mechanical characterizations of braided composite stents made of helical polyethylene terephthalate strips and NiTi wires
  15. Mechanical properties of boron nitride sheet with randomly distributed vacancy defects
  16. Fabrication, mechanical properties and failure mechanism of random and aligned nanofiber membrane with different parameters
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  18. First-principles calculations of mechanical and thermodynamic properties of tungsten-based alloy
  19. Adsorption performance of hydrophobic/hydrophilic silica aerogel for low concentration organic pollutant in aqueous solution
  20. Preparation of spherical aminopropyl-functionalized MCM-41 and its application in removal of Pb(II) ion from aqueous solution
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  42. Effect of graphene oxide on chloride penetration resistance of recycled concrete
  43. Bending resistance of PVA fiber reinforced cementitious composites containing nano-SiO2
  44. Review Articles
  45. Recent development of Supercapacitor Electrode Based on Carbon Materials
  46. Mechanical contribution of vascular smooth muscle cells in the tunica media of artery
  47. Applications of polymer-based nanoparticles in vaccine field
  48. Toxicity of metallic nanoparticles in the central nervous system
  49. Parameter control and concentration analysis of graphene colloids prepared by electric spark discharge method
  50. A critique on multi-jet electrospinning: State of the art and future outlook
  51. Electrospun cellulose acetate nanofibers and Au@AgNPs for antimicrobial activity - A mini review
  52. Recent progress in supercapacitors based on the advanced carbon electrodes
  53. Recent progress in shape memory polymer composites: methods, properties, applications and prospects
  54. In situ capabilities of Small Angle X-ray Scattering
  55. Review of nano-phase effects in high strength and conductivity copper alloys
  56. Progress and challenges in p-type oxide-based thin film transistors
  57. Advanced materials for flexible solar cell applications
  58. Phenylboronic acid-decorated polymeric nanomaterials for advanced bio-application
  59. The effect of nano-SiO2 on concrete properties: a review
  60. A brief review for fluorinated carbon: synthesis, properties and applications
  61. A review on the mechanical properties for thin film and block structure characterised by using nanoscratch test
  62. Cotton fibres functionalized with plasmonic nanoparticles to promote the destruction of harmful molecules: an overview
https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2019-0060
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
PVA fiber reinforced composite; nano-SiO2; bending test; toughness
Creative Commons
BY 4.0

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Research Articles
  2. Investigation of rare earth upconversion fluorescent nanoparticles in biomedical field
  3. Carbon Nanotubes Coated Paper as Current Collectors for Secondary Li-ion Batteries
  4. Insight into the working wavelength of hotspot effects generated by popular nanostructures
  5. Novel Lead-free biocompatible piezoelectric Hydroxyapatite (HA) – BCZT (Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3) nanocrystal composites for bone regeneration
  6. Effect of defects on the motion of carbon nanotube thermal actuator
  7. Dynamic mechanical behavior of nano-ZnO reinforced dental composite
  8. Fabrication of Ag Np-coated wetlace nonwoven fabric based on amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer
  9. Fractal analysis of pore structures in graphene oxide-carbon nanotube based cementitious pastes under different ultrasonication
  10. Effect of PVA fiber on durability of cementitious composite containing nano-SiO2
  11. Cr effects on the electrical contact properties of the Al2O3-Cu/15W composites
  12. Experimental evaluation of self-expandable metallic tracheobronchial stents
  13. Experimental study on the existence of nano-scale pores and the evolution of organic matter in organic-rich shale
  14. Mechanical characterizations of braided composite stents made of helical polyethylene terephthalate strips and NiTi wires
  15. Mechanical properties of boron nitride sheet with randomly distributed vacancy defects
  16. Fabrication, mechanical properties and failure mechanism of random and aligned nanofiber membrane with different parameters
  17. Micro- structure and rheological properties of graphene oxide rubber asphalt
  18. First-principles calculations of mechanical and thermodynamic properties of tungsten-based alloy
  19. Adsorption performance of hydrophobic/hydrophilic silica aerogel for low concentration organic pollutant in aqueous solution
  20. Preparation of spherical aminopropyl-functionalized MCM-41 and its application in removal of Pb(II) ion from aqueous solution
  21. Electrical conductivity anisotropy of copper matrix composites reinforced with SiC whiskers
  22. Miniature on-fiber extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometric vibration sensors based on micro-cantilever beam
  23. Electric-field assisted growth and mechanical bactericidal performance of ZnO nanoarrays with gradient morphologies
  24. Flexural behavior and mechanical model of aluminum alloy mortise-and-tenon T-joints for electric vehicle
  25. Synthesis of nano zirconium oxide and its application in dentistry
  26. Surface modification of nano-sized carbon black for reinforcement of rubber
  27. Temperature-dependent negative Poisson’s ratio of monolayer graphene: Prediction from molecular dynamics simulations
  28. Finite element nonlinear transient modelling of carbon nanotubes reinforced fiber/polymer composite spherical shells with a cutout
  29. Preparation of low-permittivity K2O–B2O3–SiO2–Al2O3 composites without the addition of glass
  30. Large amplitude vibration of doubly curved FG-GRC laminated panels in thermal environments
  31. Enhanced flexural properties of aramid fiber/epoxy composites by graphene oxide
  32. Correlation between electrochemical performance degradation and catalyst structural parameters on polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell
  33. Materials characterization of advanced fillers for composites engineering applications
  34. Humic acid assisted stabilization of dispersed single-walled carbon nanotubes in cementitious composites
  35. Test on axial compression performance of nano-silica concrete-filled angle steel reinforced GFRP tubular column
  36. Multi-scale modeling of the lamellar unit of arterial media
  37. The multiscale enhancement of mechanical properties of 3D MWK composites via poly(oxypropylene) diamines and GO nanoparticles
  38. Mechanical properties of circular nano-silica concrete filled stainless steel tube stub columns after being exposed to freezing and thawing
  39. Arc erosion behavior of TiB2/Cu composites with single-scale and dual-scale TiB2 particles
  40. Yb3+-containing chitosan hydrogels induce B-16 melanoma cell anoikis via a Fak-dependent pathway
  41. Template-free synthesis of Se-nanorods-rGO nanocomposite for application in supercapacitors
  42. Effect of graphene oxide on chloride penetration resistance of recycled concrete
  43. Bending resistance of PVA fiber reinforced cementitious composites containing nano-SiO2
  44. Review Articles
  45. Recent development of Supercapacitor Electrode Based on Carbon Materials
  46. Mechanical contribution of vascular smooth muscle cells in the tunica media of artery
  47. Applications of polymer-based nanoparticles in vaccine field
  48. Toxicity of metallic nanoparticles in the central nervous system
  49. Parameter control and concentration analysis of graphene colloids prepared by electric spark discharge method
  50. A critique on multi-jet electrospinning: State of the art and future outlook
  51. Electrospun cellulose acetate nanofibers and Au@AgNPs for antimicrobial activity - A mini review
  52. Recent progress in supercapacitors based on the advanced carbon electrodes
  53. Recent progress in shape memory polymer composites: methods, properties, applications and prospects
  54. In situ capabilities of Small Angle X-ray Scattering
  55. Review of nano-phase effects in high strength and conductivity copper alloys
  56. Progress and challenges in p-type oxide-based thin film transistors
  57. Advanced materials for flexible solar cell applications
  58. Phenylboronic acid-decorated polymeric nanomaterials for advanced bio-application
  59. The effect of nano-SiO2 on concrete properties: a review
  60. A brief review for fluorinated carbon: synthesis, properties and applications
  61. A review on the mechanical properties for thin film and block structure characterised by using nanoscratch test
  62. Cotton fibres functionalized with plasmonic nanoparticles to promote the destruction of harmful molecules: an overview
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