Bilingual Education & Bilingualism

This book explores individual language policy among bilingual youth who belong to different ethnic minority groups in Vietnam, as reflected in their daily language behaviours. Contributing to research on language and identity, and language policy in non-Anglophone contexts, it will appeal to those working in sociolinguistics and related areas.

This book chronicles the experiences of Quechuan bilingual college students who strive to maintain their ethnolinguistic identity while succeeding in Spanish-centric curricula. The book presents visual and textual insights and merges decolonial theory and participatory action research in pursuit of mobilizing Indigenous languages.

This book shows the transformative power of placing translanguaging at the center of teaching and learning. It shows how the centering of racialized Latinx bilingual students, including their knowledge systems and cultural and linguistic practices, transforms the monolingual-white supremacy ideology of many educational spaces.

This book presents cutting-edge qualitative case-study research across a range of educational contexts, as well as theory-oriented chapters by distinguished multilingual education scholars, which take stock of the field of translanguaging in relation to the education of multilingual individuals in today’s globalized world.

This book examines a diverse range of approaches to multilingualism in teacher education programmes across Europe and North America. It studies how pre-service teachers are being prepared to work in multilingual contexts and the key features of current initiatives that address the linguistic and cultural diversity of their respective countries.

This book traces a history of bilingual education in the US, unveiling the role of politics in policy development and implementation. It introduces readers to past systemic supports for creation of diverse bilingual educational programs and situates particular instances and phases of expansion and decline within related sociopolitical backdrops.

This book provides an overview and evaluation of the quality of bilingual education found in internationalised higher education institutions. Its authors focus on the multifaceted roles that language(s) play in these growing multilingual spaces and analyse and identify the many factors that account for quality multilingual degree programmes.

This book adopts a raciolinguistic perspective to examine the ways in which dual language education programs in the US often reinforce the racial inequities that they purport to challenge. The chapters adopt a range of methodologies, disciplines and language foci to challenge mainstream and scholarly discourses on dual language education.

This book juxtaposes superdiversity with English-centricity in the US, set against long-standing challenges with migration and language policy recently underlined by Donald Trump’s election. It explores the history, policies, and practices of a Central Ohio adolescent newcomer program seeking to provide an equitable education to its students.

This book explores the issues of the sociopolitical dimensions of English language teaching and how they are central to the English language professional. It presents these issues to practicing and aspiring teachers in order to raise awareness of the sociopolitical nature of English language teaching.

This book provides a case study of dual-language planning and implementation at a Spanish-English public elementary school program in Washington, DC. It demonstrates how this program provides more opportunities to language minority and language majority students than are traditionally available in mainstream US schools.

This book examines the challenges of educating students recently arrived from other countries, the children of immigrants, as well as historical 'minority groups’. It outlines the relevant theoretical background and provides detailed practical advice for teachers and school administrators in schools serving culturally diverse communities.

This book is a longitudinal study of how children learn to use more than one language which addresses bilingual language development within families. It aims to examine how young children become bilingual, and to show what factors predict early childhood bilingualism.

This volume examines educational assessment of bilingual children and the challenges faced by teachers. It takes the creative ideas of Jim Cummins and applies them through a novel technique of curriculum related assessment. The book describes the technique in detail and reports on its use in a wide range of settings.

Through the use of ‘small stories’ and ethnographic observation this book explores the social and cultural worlds of Polish immigrant adolescents in Ireland, the ways they seek belonging in their communities of practice, and the ways in which they develop sociohistorical understandings across the languages and cultures they are part of.

This book explores the role of the teacher in dual language bilingual education (DLBE) implementation in a time of nationwide program expansion, in large part due to new and unprecedented top-down initiatives at state and district level. The book provides case studies of DLBE teachers who: (a) implemented the DLBE model with fidelity; (b) struggled to implement the DLBE model; and (c) adapted the DLBE model to meet the needs of their local classroom context. The book demonstrates the way teachers as language policymakers navigate and interpret district-wide DLBE implementation and the tensions that surface through this process. The research, conducted over four years using a variety of methods, highlights the challenges and opportunities faced by teachers implementing DLBE, and will be of interest to both teachers and administrators of DLBE programs as well as scholars working in bilingual education.

This book examines the first year of a charter high school and presents a case-study of compulsory Spanish heritage language instruction with both a dominant and non-dominant Spanish teacher. The study also follows the same students to their humanities-English class, bringing into focus what works and what does not with this group of learners.

This book introduces readers to the first publicly funded, two-way bilingual program in the United States, Coral Way Elementary School. It provides an accurate, clear and accessible examination of the program, its historical, social and political origins, its successes and its relevance for future bilingual programs.

This book discusses multiple aspects of Chinese dual language immersion programs, focusing on the Utah model. Themes include how to build a supportive classroom, the views of those involved, teacher identities, strategy use, corrective feedback, Chinese-character teaching, and the translanguaging phenomenon.

This book explores how different European education systems manage multilingualism. Each chapter focuses on one of ten diverse settings and considers how its education system is influenced by historical, sociolinguistic and political processes and how it handles languages, stressing the challenges and opportunities.

This book provides a cohesive historical narrative of the testing of language-minoritized bilinguals in the United States that centers the test-takers’ experiences. It demonstrates how testing has contributed to the historic, systemic marginalization of language-minoritized bilinguals and encourages efforts to dismantle these inequities.

This book provides a unique longitudinal account of content and language integrated learning (CLIL). Giving voice to both learners and teachers, it offers insights into language learning outcomes, learner motivation among CLIL and non-CLIL students, effects of extramural exposure to English, issues in relation to assessment in CLIL and much more.

This book examines minority language maintenance and loss in Spanish-speaking families in communities in the US with a low ethnolinguistic vitality for Spanish. It offers an account of the gendered nature of linguistic transmission and compares the self-perceptions, motivations and attitudes of members of two generations in the same household.

Bilingual teachers must advocate for their students. Based on the experiences of Spanish-English bilingual teachers in Texas, this book aims to explore, define and understand bilingual teacher leadership. It examines what it means for bilingual teachers to become leaders, the kinds of support they need, and how they experience leadership.

This book shows how technology enriches multilingual language learning and how multilingual practices enrich computer assisted language learning. It illustrates how languages are activated through technology in formal and informal learning situations, showcasing multilingual language use in chat rooms, games, digital texts and virtual exchange.

This revised edition discusses how insights from new materialism and posthumanism might be used in investigating second language learning and teaching in classrooms. With these new perspectives in mind, it updates the application of sociocultural theory to understanding how minority language background children learn English in their classrooms.

This book offers a detailed account of the success of young immersion learners of Irish in becoming competent speakers of the minority language. The results highlight the limitations of an immersion system and will help immersion educators to gain a greater understanding of how young immersion learners learn and acquire the target language.

This ethnographic study explores aspects of institutional bilingual education in the early childhood sector. It provides contemporary research on the provision and practice of language teaching in the pre-primary sector and sheds light on the reception of bilingual education as well as attitudes towards it.

This book investigates English language policies and initiatives which have been implemented in South America. Chapters examine factors that contribute to and prevent the introduction of policies; analyze current teacher preparation initiatives; discuss the status of English language teaching and showcase examples of innovation and success.

This book explores the immense potential of translanguaging in various educational settings and language contexts and considers the need for pedagogy to reflect and embrace diversity. Chapters provide rich empirical research and document teachers and students negotiating language ideologies in their everyday communicative practices.

This book explores issues surrounding biliteracy in academic contexts. Chapters analyse diverse multilingual contexts where biliteracy practices emerge in response to the demands of academic reading and writing. In addition, strategies are presented to support biliteracy through teaching.

This book examines translanguaging in higher education and provides clear examples of what translanguaging looks like in practice in particular contexts around the world. Chapters show how the use of translanguaging practices allows students and professors to build on their linguistic repertoires to more effectively learn content.

This volume brings together a selection of Richard Ruiz’ writings on language planning orientations, bilingual and language minority education, language threat and endangerment, voice and empowerment, and even language fun, accompanied by contributions from colleagues and former students reflecting and expanding on Ruiz’ ground-breaking work.

This book investigates the acquisition of sociolinguistic knowledge in the early elementary school years of Mandarin-English two-way language immersion. Using ethnographic observation and quantitative analysis, the author explores how input from teachers and classmates shapes students’ language acquisition.

Arizona’s monolingual and prescriptive approach to teaching English continues to capture international attention. This book examines the experiences of those involved in Arizona’s language policy on a daily basis, highlighting the importance of local perspectives as well as preparing and professionalizing teachers of English learners.

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) is a form of education that combines language and content learning objectives. This volume focuses on conceptualising integration, exploring it from three intersecting perspectives concerning curriculum and pedagogic planning, participant perceptions and classroom practices.

Using novel methodological approaches and new data, The Bilingual Advantage draws together researchers from education, economics, sociology, anthropology and linguistics to examine the economic and employment benefits of bilingualism in the US labor market, countering past research that shows no such benefits exist.

Focusing on the use of African languages in higher education, this book showcases South African higher education practitioners' attempts to promote a multilingual ethos in their classes. It is an overview of multilingual teaching and learning strategies that have been tried and tested in a number of higher education institutions in South Africa.

It is clearly illogical to search for one good, universal solution for multilingual education when educational contexts differ so widely due to demographic and social factors. The studies in this volume seek to investigate not only whether certain solutions and practices are 'good', but also when and for whom they make sense.

This book examines the development of intercultural bilingual education throughout Latin America, focusing on practices that preserve the cultural and linguistic diversity of Indigenous peoples. The contributors trace the trajectory of political and policy issues related to the implementation of intercultural bilingual education.

Presenting data from a five year ethnographic study combined with a 40 year span of policy analysis, this volume is a rare book length treatment of the chasm between imagined policy and its experienced delivery, and will provide insights that policymakers around the world can draw on.

This book argues that a multilingual approach to higher education is imperative in an increasingly globalised education environment. This book addresses the need to acknowledge other languages explicitly in classroom instruction and in student learning to improve student success, to widen access and to internationalise institutions.

This book offers a unique view of multilingualism by presenting a contextualised case of a multilingual language policy which takes the Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) approach. The volume opens with a general overview of multilingualism and multilingual education before focusing on the specific case study.

This book explores bilingual community education, specifically the educational spaces shaped and organized by American ethnolinguistic communities for their children in New York. It reveals how these groups' efforts go beyond what has been called 'heritage language education' to focus on the construction of bilingual American diasporic communities.

This book presents the author's research into whether speaking multiple languages has a positive impact on an individual's creative potential. It examines how specific factors in multilingual development encourage certain cognitive functions, which in turn facilitate people's creative performance.

This book examines how Russian-speaking adoptees in three US families actively shape opportunities for language learning and identity construction in everyday interactions. It focuses on how learners achieve agency in second language socialization processes and informs the fields of second language acquisition and language maintenance and shift.

This book documents a decade of life and language use in a remote Alaskan Yup'ik community. It illuminates how schooling and migration shape complex linguistic ecologies; how youths broker sociolinguistic transformation; and how Indigenous peoples' wide-ranging forms of linguistic survivance sustain unique lifeways in an interconnected world.

This book brings together scholars, researchers and educators to present a critical examination of Arizona's restrictive language policies as they influence teacher preparation and practice. The Structured English Immersion model prescribes the total segregation of English learners from English speakers and academic content for at least one year.

Social justice language teacher education conceptualizes language teacher education as responding to social and societal inequities that cause unequal access to educational and life opportunities. In this book, authors articulate a global view of social justice language teacher education, offering a theorized account of their situated practices.

The book explores the way our traditionally monolingual school systems are being challenged by students from diverse language backgrounds, forcing educationalists to question entrenched ideologies of language and challenging teachers in their everyday classrooms to rethink their relationships to language learning and the issue of diversity.

Taking an ethnographic study of the purpose and value of bilingual education in Mozambique as a starting point, this book calls for critical adaptations when theories of bilingual education, based on practices in the North, are applied to the countries of the global South.

Reflecting and expanding on Nancy Hornberger’s ground-breaking contributions to the field of educational linguistics, this volume presents new research by leading international scholars and cutting-edge syntheses of the fields of bilingual education, biliteracy, and language policy.

Until recently, the history of debates about language and thought has been a history of thinking of language in the singular. The purpose of this volume is to reverse this trend and to begin unlocking the mysteries surrounding thinking and speaking in bi- and multilingual speakers.

This book focuses on educational language minority immigrant issues in the US. It explores factors predicting language proficiency, the role of language and identity in the lives of immigrant language minority youth, and issues of educational policy related to this group.

Learning and teaching mathematics in multilingual, bilingual or second language settings can be challenging. This book explores the issues that arise in multilingual mathematics classrooms in Europe, S.Asia, N.America and Australia. Chapter draw on research to offer new insights into the relationship between language, learning and mathematics.

This volume focuses on research in bilingual and multilingual education. It discusses the results of research conducted in different multilingual educational contexts and particularly in Basque schools and universities where Basque, Spanish and English are used as subjects and as languages of instruction.

How are words organized in the bilingual mind? How are they linked to concepts? How do bi- and multilinguals process words in their multiple languages? Contributions to this volume offer up-to-date answers to these questions and provide a detailed introduction to interdisciplinary approaches used to investigate the bilingual lexicon.

This book proposes an integrated approach to the study of bilingual education in minority and majority settings. Contributions from scholars in different countries in Europe and the Americas show how to bridge the gap between elite bilingualism and the bilingualism of minority communities and work towards multilingual spaces.

This book addresses the policy and politics of educating English language learners in the US. It covers demographic change and its educational implications, responses to language diversity, public controversies over bilingual education, high-stakes testing and its impact on English language learners and the uncertain status of language rights.

This book explores how high-stakes tests mandated by No Child Left Behind have become de facto language policy in U.S. schools, detailing how testing has shaped curriculum and instruction, and the myriad ways that tests are now a defining force in the daily lives of English Language Learners and the educators who serve them.

This book analyzes how the urban disadvantaged in the city of New Delhi learn English. Using qualitative methods the author discusses the pedagogy, texts and contexts in which biliteracy occurs and links English language teaching and learning in India with the broader social processes of globalization.

In this volume an international roster of scholars offers theoretical perspectives, research reviews and empirical studies on teaching, learning and language development in immersion education. The editors bring together research from three distinct branches, including foreign language, bilingual and indigenous immersion programs.

This volume brings together research on bilingual or trilingual education for the majority and minority nationality groups in China and explores the relationship between them. Papers range from reports of bilingual or trilingual education projects in remote minority regions to discussions about Chinese-English bilingual education in major cities.

This book describes the experiences of a group of students in Chicago, Illinois, who are attending one of the first Spanish-English dual immersion schools in the US. The author follows the group during two school years, documenting their Spanish use and proficiency and how their two languages intersect with the production of their identities.

This book questions assumptions about the nature of language. Looking at diverse contexts from sign languages in Indonesia to literacy practices in Brazil, the authors argue that unless we change the ways in which languages are taught and conceptualized, language studies will not be able to improve the social welfare of language users.

This book documents ongoing language shift to English among Latino professionals in California. It describes instructional practices used in the teaching of Spanish as an academic subject at the high school and university levels to “heritage” language students who, although educated entirely in English, acquired Spanish at home as a 1st language.

Language, Space, and Power describes the sociolinguistic and sociocultural life of a Spanish-English dual language classroom in which attention is given to not only the language learning processes at hand but also to how race, ethnicity, and gender dynamics interact within the language acquisition process.

This book is a longitudinal case study carefully detailing the French/English bilingual and biliterate development of three children in one family. The book focuses most specifically on the children’s acquisition of French and English during their early through late adolescence, in both their Louisiana and Québec home environments.

Do bi- and multilinguals perceive themselves differently in their respective languages? Do they experience different emotions? This ground-breaking book opens up a new field of study, bilingualism and emotions, and provides intriguing answers to these and many related questions.

Linguists, applied linguists and language teachers all appeal to the native speaker as an important reference point. But what exactly (who exactly?) is the native speaker? This book examines the native speaker from different points of view, arguing that the native speaker is both myth and reality.

This text traces the history of English language spread from the 18th to the beginning of the 21st century, combining that with a study of its langauge change. It links linguistic and sociolinguistic variables that have conditioned the evolution and change of English, putting forward a new framework of language spread and change.

This book emerges as a response to the increasing use of English as a lingua franca in the multilingual European context. It provides an up-to-date overview of the sociolinguistic, psycholinguistic and educational aspects of research on third language acquisition by focusing on English as a third language.