Abstract
Perforated sheets are used in many areas due to their high specific load, economical production, aesthetic structure, and filtering ability. Their use in industrial machinery and the construction industry can be given as examples of these areas. In this study, the mechanical behaviour of perforated metal sheets under tensile loads has been investigated numerically. The influence of material type, hole geometry, and hole arrangement were examined with finite element analyses. Stainless steel and aluminium materials are used as sheet materials. The hole geometries are circle, ellipse, triangle, square, and hexagon. As a result of the simulations, the aluminium material gave the highest values in terms of carried load capacity and absorbed energy. The sheets with the staggered hole arrangement have higher load and energy values than the sheets with the linear arrangement. The elliptical perforated aluminium sheet provided the highest load value of 28,386 N in the staggered arrangement. In both hole arrangements, the elliptical perforated sheet gave the highest load value, while the triangle perforated sheet gave the lowest load value. The elliptical perforated sheet with linear hole arrangement provided the highest values in terms of specific load (435.57 N/g) and specific energy (0.27 J/g).
1 Introduction
Perforated sheets are sheets formed by drilling holes into flat sheets obtained from sheets by various methods. Holes drilled into flat sheets can be of different geometries and arrangements. The structures of perforated sheets are thin and light. Compared to flat sheets, they have a high strength/weight ratio. As with other parameters, hole sizes also have standards according to manufacturers. Perforated sheets have some advantages over flat sheets and have many uses, such as in screening, filtering, ventilation, and architecture. The holes in the sheet allow the passage of material, light, sound and fluid. Therefore, it is also used in industrial machinery [1]. In addition, since their strength is higher than their weight, they are used in the construction sector for both strengthening and balconies, stairs, fences, panels, etc. It is used in construction. Perforated metal sheets can be used in almost every field, from decorative use to industrial use.
Aluminium, steel, and chrome are generally used as the main material of perforated sheets [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28]. Depending on the manufacturer’s choice, holes are made in different geometric shapes, sizes, and sequences using a hole punch press, laser cutting machine, or plasma cutting machine. Common hole geometries are circle, square, ellipse, triangle, and hexagon [1]. While there may be many different hole sequences, holes are drilled in sequences commonly called T, M, U, and Z. There are studies in which hole shape/size, hole arrangement loading conditions, and material change. It was mostly worked on circular perforated sheets. Apart from the circular hole, there are also studies on triangular and square perforated sheets [1,2]. The bending behaviour of perforated plates with a different numbers of sides has been investigated with finite element studies. The midpoint deflection and stress distribution were examined and it was understood that the circular hole shape was advantageous compared to the others [2]. The stress distribution and displacement were investigated for a circular plate perforated by 96 holes. An analysis of a nonperforated plate with the same dimensions and stiffness, similar loaded, was performed, determining the coefficient of stress concentration for a particular arrangement of holes [3].
Degtyarev and Degtyareva investigated the critical elastic buckling load of uniformly compressed isotropic plates perforated in equilateral triangular patterns using finite element method [4]. Baik et al. investigated the deformation behaviour of a perforated sheet during uniaxial tension using two-dimensional and three-dimensional finite element methods. They reported that as the thickness and the diameter of holes increase, the deformation behaviour at the yield point becomes closer to plane strain [5]. Jia et al. performed tensile tests on perforated aluminium plates to examine the effect of phase distribution in two-phase composite materials and reinforcement distribution in particle-reinforced composites [6,7]. In some studies, the vibration properties of perforated plates were examined and their natural frequencies were obtained [9,10,11]. Burian et al. investigated the protective properties of perforated bainitic steel plates experimentally and numerically. They reported that the designed hole patterns can reduce the weight of the armour by up to 40% compared to the monolithic plates of the same protection capability [13]. In most studies, the plastic behaviour of perforated sheets has been investigated both experimentally and numerically [14,15,16,17]. Studies examining the metal forming process of the perforated sheets are available in the literature [20,21,22,23,24]. Farsi et al. studied the influence of the area of the holes, die angles, die widths, and punch radius on the value of the spring-back and the bending forces in V-die bending are studied [20]. In a study in which shear stress analysis was performed under compression stress in circular perforated sheet metal plates with different arrays, the highest shear stress was obtained in the circular pattern [28]. There are also different works done on metals and other materials to investigate some properties [29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36].
In this study, the mechanical behaviour of linear and staggered arranged circle, triangle, square, hexagon, and ellipse perforated stainless steel and aluminium sheets under tensile loading was investigated by finite element analysis.
2 Simulation study
In this study, finite element analyses of perforated sheets with five different hole shapes were performed using stainless steel and aluminium alloy materials. Material properties of stainless steel and aluminium alloy are given in Table 1. Circle, triangle, square, hexagon, and ellipse geometries are used as the hole shapes. Linear and staggered hole arrangements were used in perforated sheet metals. The view of the finite element models of perforated sheets with both arrangement and hole geometry is given in Figure 1. The dimensions of sheet metals are 100 × 200 × 1.5 in width, length, and thickness. Finite element analyses were carried out using the ANSYS programme. Nonlinear analyses were performed. It is fixed at one end of the sheet metal and a displacement of 1 mm is given from the other end. The schematic view of boundary conditions of the perforated sheet metal is given in Figure 2. Perforated sheet metal plates were modelled using a 3-D 20-node solid element (SOLID186). Three layers of solid elements are used through the thickness of the sheet metal.
Elastic and plastic material properties of stainless steel and aluminium alloy
Material | Density (kg/m3) | Poisson’s ratio | Young’s modulus (GPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Tangent modulus (MPa) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stainless steel | 7,750 | 0.31 | 193 | 210 | 1,800 |
Aluminium alloy | 2,770 | 0.33 | 71 | 280 | 500 |

Finite element models of perforated sheet metals (a) circle (linear), (b) circle (staggered), (c) square (linear), (d) square (staggered), (e) triangle (linear), (f) triangle (staggered), (g) hexagon (linear), (h) hexagon (staggered), (i) ellipse (linear), and (j) ellipse (staggered).

Schematic view of boundary conditions of the perforated sheet metal.
3 Simulation results
3.1 Effects of hole shapes and arrangements
3.1.1 Stainless-steel material
The force–displacement curves obtained as a result of the finite element analysis of stainless-steel metal sheets with linear and staggered arrangements with different hole geometries are given in Figure 3.

The force–displacement curves of the stainless-steel sheet metal (a) linear arrangements and (b) staggered arrangements.
In Figure 3, the ellipse perforated sheet gave the highest load value with 22,424 N in the linear arranged stainless-steel sheet. The triangular perforated sheet showed the lowest load value with 12,513 N. While the load capacity increased with the change of hole geometry from the triangular to ellipse perforated sheet, the rigidity and energy-absorbing capacity of the sheets also increased.
In terms of hole arrangements, the load capacity of sheet metals belonging to the staggered arrangement was higher than that of the linear arrangement [1]. Ellipse perforated sheets gave the highest load value of 23,765 N in sheet metals with the staggered arrangement. Triangular perforated sheets gave the lowest load value of 18,610 N. The order of change of load according to geometry changes similarly to the linear order. Simulation results of the stainless-steel perforated sheet metal (linear arrangement) obtained from finite element analyses are given in Table 2.
Simulation results of the stainless-steel perforated sheet metal (linear arrangement) obtained from finite element analyses
Specimen core type | Forcemax (N) | Weight (g) | Specific load capacity (SLC) (N/g) | Energya (J) | Specific absorbed energy (SAE) (J/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Circle | 17,270 | 176.29 | 97.96 | 14.84 | 0.08 |
Triangle | 12,513 | 177.41 | 70.53 | 10.66 | 0.06 |
Square | 18,601 | 182.8 | 101.76 | 16.17 | 0.09 |
Hexagon | 15,334 | 169.23 | 90.61 | 13.09 | 0.08 |
Ellipse | 22,424 | 182.34 | 122.98 | 19.6 | 0.11 |
aEnergy values are calculated up to 1 mm displacement.
The specific load capacity (SLC) of the ellipse perforated sheet with 122.98 N/g, which has the highest load capacity, is also at the highest level compared to the others. At the same time, the energy absorption capacity is the highest in the ellipse perforated sheet with 19.6 J, and the specific energy absorption capacity is the highest among other perforated sheets with 0.11 J/g. Since the weights of the perforated sheets are approximately close to each other, the difference in the hole geometry is clearly evident when comparing the specific strength and energy absorption values. The triangular perforated sheet metal has the lowest specific load of 70.53 N/g and an energy absorption capacity of 0.06 J/g.
The simulation results of the staggered arranged perforated stainless-steel sheets are given in Table 3.
Simulation results of the stainless-steel perforated sheet metal (staggered arrangement) obtained from finite element analyses
Specimen core type | Forcemax (N) | Weight (g) | Specific Load Capacity (SLC) (N/g) | Energya (J) | Specific absorbed energy (SAE) (J/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Circle | 20,392 | 204.23 | 99.85 | 17.50 | 0.09 |
Triangle | 18,610 | 204.79 | 90.87 | 15.73 | 0.08 |
Square | 20,941 | 207.51 | 100.92 | 17.94 | 0.09 |
Hexagon | 19,331 | 200.68 | 96.33 | 16.55 | 0.08 |
Ellipse | 23,795 | 207.32 | 114.77 | 20.56 | 0.10 |
aEnergy values are calculated up to 1 mm displacement.
Perforated sheets with staggered arrangements have higher load capacity in all hole types compared to sheets with a linear arrangement. In terms of SLC, the highest value was obtained in an ellipse perforated sheet of 114.77 N/g, and the lowest value was obtained in a triangular perforated sheet of 90.87 N/g. In terms of specific energy absorption capacity, the ellipse perforated sheet has the highest value of 0.1 J/g. The specific load and energy absorption capacities of the square perforated sheet metal are quite high and can be preferred after the ellipse.
3.1.2 Aluminium material
The force–displacement curves obtained as a result of the finite element analysis of aluminium metal sheets with linear and staggered arrangements with different hole geometries are given in Figure 4.

The force–displacement curves of the aluminium sheet metal (a) linear arrangements and (b) staggered arrangements.
In Figure 4, with the change of hole geometry in perforated aluminium sheets, while the maximum carried load increased, the energy absorption capacity also increased. In the aluminium plate where the holes are arranged linearly, the ellipse perforated sheet provided the highest load value of 28,836 N. Triangular perforated sheets showed the lowest load value of 14,584 N.
In terms of hole arrangement, the load capacity and energy absorption capacity of the sheets belonging to the staggered arrangement is higher than the linear arrangement. In the staggered arrangement, the ellipse perforated sheet provided the highest load value of 29,167 N. The triangular perforated sheet showed the lowest load value of 21,793 N. The order of variation of the maximum load according to the geometry changes similarly to the linear order.
Simulation results of the aluminium perforated sheet metal (linear arrangement) obtained from finite element analyses are given in Table 4.
Simulation results of the aluminium alloy perforated sheet metal (linear arrangement) obtained from finite element analyses
Specimen core type | Forcemax (N) | Weight (g) | Specific load capacity (SLC) (N/g) | Energya (J) | Specific absorbed energy (SAE) (J/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Circle | 20,910 | 63.01 | 331.85 | 13.58 | 0.22 |
Triangle | 14,584 | 63.41 | 230.00 | 9.98 | 0.16 |
Square | 23,278 | 65.34 | 356.26 | 14.70 | 0.22 |
Hexagon | 18,134 | 60.49 | 299.79 | 12.04 | 0.20 |
Ellipse | 28,386 | 65.17 | 435.57 | 17.67 | 0.27 |
aEnergy values are calculated up to 1 mm displacement.
As seen in Table 4, the ellipse perforated sheet metal has the highest load capacity of 28,386 N. An SLC of 435.57 N/g is also at the highest level compared to the others. At the same time, the energy absorption capacity is the highest in ellipse perforated sheets with 17.67 J, and the specific absorbed energy is the highest among other perforated sheets with 0.27 J/g. The square hole sheet, on the other hand, is preferable after ellipse perforated sheets in terms of both load capacity and energy absorption capacity. The simulation results of the staggered arranged perforated aluminium sheets are given in Table 5.
Simulation results of the aluminium alloy perforated sheet metal (staggered arrangement) obtained from finite element analyses
Specimen core type | Forcemax (N) | Weight (g) | Specific load capacity (SLC) (N/g) | Energya (J) | Specific absorbed energy (SAE) (J/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Circle | 24,729 | 72.99 | 338.80 | 15.91 | 0.22 |
Triangle | 21,793 | 73.12 | 298.04 | 13.76 | 0.19 |
Square | 25,044 | 74.17 | 337.66 | 16.60 | 0.22 |
Hexagon | 23,368 | 71.72 | 325.82 | 14.77 | 0.21 |
Ellipse | 29,167 | 74.1 | 393.62 | 18.92 | 0.26 |
aEnergy values are calculated up to 1 mm displacement.
Perforated sheets with staggered arrangements have higher load capacity in all hole types compared to sheets with a linear arrangement. In terms of SLC, the highest value was obtained in an ellipse perforated sheet with 393.62 N/g, and the lowest value was obtained in a triangular perforated sheet with 298.04 N/g. In terms of specific energy absorption capacity, the ellipse perforated sheet has the highest value of 0.26 J/g.
3.2 Effect of ultimate stress pattern
3.2.1 Pattern of ultimate stress in the stainless-steel sheet
The views showing the von Mises stress distribution obtained from the simulations of the perforated stainless-steel sheet are given in Figure 5.

von Mises stress distribution of the perforated stainless-steel sheet.
When the stress distributions are examined, the stress level of linearly arranged perforated sheets is lower than that of staggered [1]. When we look at the areas where the maximum stress occurs, we see that it occurs in different places for each hole type. Although the stress level in the sheet metal with the linear arrangement is lower than that in the other model, it is seen that the stress is concentrated at certain points. Stress in structures with edges such as hexagonal geometry is higher than that in more curved structures such as circles [2]. In the linearly arranged stainless-steel sheet, the highest stress was 302.24 MPa in the hexagon perforated sheet, and the lowest stress was in the ellipse perforated sheet with 248.32 MPa. The highest stress was 376.76 MPa in the hexagon perforated sheet, and the lowest stress was in the ellipse perforated sheet with 269.27 MPa in the staggered arranged stainless-steel sheet. The maximum stresses occurring in perforated sheets with the linear and staggered arrangement are more clearly shown in Figure 6.

Maximum stress distribution depending on hole geometry in the linear and staggered arrangement of the stainless-steel perforated sheet.
A proportional increase was observed in all hole types in the staggered arrangement compared to the linear arrangement. In both orders, the highest stress occurred in the sheet metal with hexagon hole type.
3.2.2 Pattern of ultimate stress in the aluminium sheet
The views showing the von Mises stress distribution obtained from the simulations of the perforated aluminium sheet are given in Figure 7.

von Mises stress distribution of the perforated aluminium sheet.
The stress level of linearly arranged perforated sheets is lower than that of staggered aluminium sheet metals. Stress in angular structures such as squares is higher than that in more curved structures such as circles [1,2]. In the linearly arranged aluminium sheet, the highest stress was 328.24 MPa in the square perforated sheet, and the lowest stress was in the ellipse perforated sheet with 300.62 MPa. The highest stress was 366.9 MPa in the ellipse perforated sheet, and the lowest stress was in the hexagon perforated sheet with 328.43 MPa in the staggered arranged stainless-steel sheet. The maximum stresses occurring in perforated sheets with the linear and staggered arrangement are more clearly shown in Figure 8.

Maximum stress distribution depending on hole geometry in the linear and staggered arrangement of the aluminium perforated sheet.
In Figure 8, the highest stress was observed in the square-holed sheet in the linearly arranged perforated sheet, while the elliptical-holed sheet in the staggered regular sheet was formed in the perforated sheet. It is clearly understood that the lowest stress occurs in the ellipse in the linear regular sheet, while it occurs in the hexagon perforated sheet in the staggered regular sheet. It has been observed that the maximum stresses occurring in two different hole arrangements in the aluminium perforated sheet are not proportional to each other. Only the stress level is different between the two-hole arrangements and the hole geometry in the stainless steel and there is a proportional variation (Figure 8).
4 Conclusion
In this study, the mechanical behaviour of stainless steel and aluminium sheet metals with different hole types and arrangements under a tensile load was investigated by finite element analysis. The results obtained from the simulations are listed below:
The mechanical behaviour of a perforated sheet depends largely on the material type, hole type, and hole arrangement.
The load and energy-absorbing capacity of the aluminium sheet metal is higher than that of stainless steel due to its higher mechanical properties.
The load capacity, energy-absorbing capacity, and rigidity of perforated sheet metals changed with the hole geometry.
Perforated sheets with staggered arrangement have higher load capacity in all hole types compared to sheets with the linear arrangement.
The ellipse perforated sheet showed the highest load and absorbed energy value in the linear and staggered arranged stainless steel and aluminium sheet.
Triangular perforated sheets showed the lowest load value in both types of materials and arrangements.
Specific load and energy absorption capacity of the ellipse perforated aluminium sheet with linear arrangement gave the best results.
Square-holed sheets, on the other hand, are preferable after the ellipse perforated sheets in terms of both load capacity and energy absorption capacity.
The highest von Mises stress in the perforated sheet was observed in the staggered ellipse perforated sheet.
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Funding information: There are no funding sources for this study.
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Author contributions: All data were obtained by author himself.
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Conflict of interest: The author declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
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Ethical approval: The conducted research is not related to either human or animal use.
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Data availability statement: All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article.
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- Cytotoxic activity of guaiane-type sesquiterpene lactone (deoxycynaropicrin) isolated from the leaves of Centaurothamnus maximus
- Effects of welding parameters on the angular distortion of welded steel plates
- Simulation of a reactor considering the Stamicarbon, Snamprogetti, and Toyo patents for obtaining urea
- Effect of different ramie (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) cultivars on the adsorption of heavy metal ions cadmium and lead in the remediation of contaminated farmland soils
- Impact of a live bacterial-based direct-fed microbial (DFM) postpartum and weaning system on performance, mortality, and health of Najdi lambs
- Anti-tumor effect of liposomes containing extracted Murrayafoline A against liver cancer cells in 2D and 3D cultured models
- Physicochemical properties and some mineral concentration of milk samples from different animals and altitudes
- Copper(ii) complexes supported by modified azo-based ligands: Nucleic acid binding and molecular docking studies
- Diagnostic and therapeutic radioisotopes in nuclear medicine: Determination of gamma-ray transmission factors and safety competencies of high-dense and transparent glassy shields
- Calculation of NaI(Tl) detector efficiency using 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K radioisotopes: Three-phase Monte Carlo simulation study
- Isolation and identification of unstable components from Caesalpinia sappan by high-speed counter-current chromatography combined with preparative high-performance liquid chromatography
- Quantification of biomarkers and evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxicity properties of Dodonaea viscosa grown in Saudi Arabia using HPTLC technique
- Characterization of the elastic modulus of ceramic–metal composites with physical and mechanical properties by ultrasonic technique
- GC-MS analysis of Vespa velutina auraria Smith and its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in vitro
- Texturing of nanocoatings for surface acoustic wave-based sensors for volatile organic compounds
- Insights into the molecular basis of some chalcone analogues as potential inhibitors of Leishmania donovani: An integrated in silico and in vitro study
- (1R,2S,5R)-5-Methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)cyclohexyl 4-amino-3-phenylbutanoate hydrochloride: Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity
- On the relative extraction rates of colour compounds and caffeine during brewing, an investigation of tea over time and temperature
- Characterization of egg shell powder-doped ceramic–metal composites
- Rapeseed oil-based hippurate amide nanocomposite coating material for anticorrosive and antibacterial applications
- Chemically modified Teucrium polium (Lamiaceae) plant act as an effective adsorbent tool for potassium permanganate (KMnO4) in wastewater remediation
- Efficiency analysis of photovoltaic systems installed in different geographical locations
- Risk prioritization model driven by success factor in the light of multicriteria decision making
- Theoretical investigations on the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer in the solvated 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde carbohydrazone
- Mechanical and gamma-ray shielding examinations of Bi2O3–PbO–CdO–B2O3 glass system
- Machine learning-based forecasting of potability of drinking water through adaptive boosting model
- The potential effect of the Rumex vesicarius water seeds extract treatment on mice before and during pregnancy on the serum enzymes and the histology of kidney and liver
- Impact of benzimidazole functional groups on the n-doping properties of benzimidazole derivatives
- Extraction of red pigment from Chinese jujube peel and the antioxidant activity of the pigment extracts
- Flexural strength and thermal properties of carbon black nanoparticle reinforced epoxy composites obtained from waste tires
- A focusing study on radioprotective and antioxidant effects of Annona muricata leaf extract in the circulation and liver tissue: Clinical and experimental studies
- Clinical comprehensive and experimental assessment of the radioprotective effect of Annona muricata leaf extract to prevent cellular damage in the ileum tissue
- Effect of WC content on ultrasonic properties, thermal and electrical conductivity of WC–Co–Ni–Cr composites
- Influence of various class cleaning agents for prosthesis on Co–Cr alloy surface
- The synthesis of nanocellulose-based nanocomposites for the effective removal of hexavalent chromium ions from aqueous solution
- Study on the influence of physical interlayers on the remaining oil production under different development modes
- Optimized linear regression control of DC motor under various disturbances
- Influence of different sample preparation strategies on hypothesis-driven shotgun proteomic analysis of human saliva
- Determination of flow distance of the fluid metal due to fluidity in ductile iron casting by artificial neural networks approach
- Investigation of mechanical activation effect on high-volume natural pozzolanic cements
- In vitro: Anti-coccidia activity of Calotropis procera leaf extract on Eimeria papillata oocysts sporulation and sporozoite
- Determination of oil composition of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) seeds under influence of organic fertilizer forms
- Activated partial thromboplastin time maybe associated with the prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma
- Treatment of rat brain ischemia model by NSCs-polymer scaffold transplantation
- Lead and cadmium removal with native yeast from coastal wetlands
- Characterization of electroless Ni-coated Fe–Co composite using powder metallurgy
- Ferrate synthesis using NaOCl and its application for dye removal
- Antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticholinesterase potential of Chenopodium murale L. extracts using in vitro and in vivo approaches
- Study on essential oil, antioxidant activity, anti-human prostate cancer effects, and induction of apoptosis by Equisetum arvense
- Experimental study on turning machine with permanent magnetic cutting tool
- Numerical simulation and mathematical modeling of the casting process for pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron
- Design, synthesis, and cytotoxicity evaluation of novel thiophene, pyrimidine, pyridazine, and pyridine: Griseofulvin heterocyclic extension derivatives
- Isolation and identification of promising antibiotic-producing bacteria
- Ultrasonic-induced reversible blood–brain barrier opening: Safety evaluation into the cellular level
- Evaluation of phytochemical and antioxidant potential of various extracts from traditionally used medicinal plants of Pakistan
- Effect of calcium lactate in standard diet on selected markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in ovariectomized rats
- Identification of crucial salivary proteins/genes and pathways involved in pathogenesis of temporomandibular disorders
- Zirconium-modified attapulgite was used for removing of Cr(vi) in aqueous solution
- The stress distribution of different types of restorative materials in primary molar
- Reducing surface heat loss in steam boilers
- Deformation behavior and formability of friction stir processed DP600 steel
- Synthesis and characterization of bismuth oxide/commercial activated carbon composite for battery anode
- Phytochemical analysis of Ziziphus jujube leaf at different foliar ages based on widely targeted metabolomics
- Effects of in ovo injection of black cumin (Nigella sativa) extract on hatching performance of broiler eggs
- Separation and evaluation of potential antioxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities of limonene-rich essential oils from Citrus sinensis (L.)
- Bioactivity of a polyhydroxy gorgostane steroid from Xenia umbellata
- BiCAM-based automated scoring system for digital logic circuit diagrams
- Analysis of standard systems with solar monitoring systems
- Structural and spectroscopic properties of voriconazole and fluconazole – Experimental and theoretical studies
- New plant resistance inducers based on polyamines
- Experimental investigation of single-lap bolted and bolted/bonded (hybrid) joints of polymeric plates
- Investigation of inlet air pressure and evaporative cooling of four different cogeneration cycles
- Review Articles
- Comprehensive review on synthesis, physicochemical properties, and application of activated carbon from the Arecaceae plants for enhanced wastewater treatment
- Research progress on speciation analysis of arsenic in traditional Chinese medicine
- Recent modified air-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction applications for medicines and organic compounds in various samples: A review
- An insight on Vietnamese bio-waste materials as activated carbon precursors for multiple applications in environmental protection
- Antimicrobial activities of the extracts and secondary metabolites from Clausena genus – A review
- Bioremediation of organic/heavy metal contaminants by mixed cultures of microorganisms: A review
- Sonodynamic therapy for breast cancer: A literature review
- Recent progress of amino acid transporters as a novel antitumor target
- Aconitum coreanum Rapaics: Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology
- Corrigendum
- Corrigendum to “Petrology and geochemistry of multiphase post-granitic dikes: A case study from the Gabal Serbal area, Southwestern Sinai, Egypt”
- Corrigendum to “Design of a Robust sliding mode controller for bioreactor cultures in overflow metabolism via an interdisciplinary approach”
- Corrigendum to “Statistical analysis on the radiological assessment and geochemical studies of granite rocks in the north of Um Taghir area, Eastern Desert, Egypt”
- Corrigendum to “Aroma components of tobacco powder from different producing areas based on gas chromatography ion mobility spectrometry”
- Corrigendum to “Mechanical properties, elastic moduli, transmission factors, and gamma-ray-shielding performances of Bi2O3–P2O5–B2O3–V2O5 quaternary glass system”
- Erratum
- Erratum to “Copper(ii) complexes supported by modified azo-based ligands: Nucleic acid binding and molecular docking studies”
- Special Issue on Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology (ABB 2021)
- Study of solidification and stabilization of heavy metals by passivators in heavy metal-contaminated soil
- Human health risk assessment and distribution of VOCs in a chemical site, Weinan, China
- Preparation and characterization of Sparassis latifolia β-glucan microcapsules
- Special Issue on the Conference of Energy, Fuels, Environment 2020
- Improving the thermal performance of existing buildings in light of the requirements of the EU directive 2010/31/EU in Poland
- Special Issue on Ethnobotanical, Phytochemical and Biological Investigation of Medicinal Plants
- Study of plant resources with ethnomedicinal relevance from district Bagh, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
- Studies on the chemical composition of plants used in traditional medicine in Congo
- Special Issue on Applied Chemistry in Agriculture and Food Science
- Strip spraying technology for precise herbicide application in carrot fields
- Special Issue on Pharmacology and Metabolomics of Ethnobotanical and Herbal Medicine
- Phytochemical profiling, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of Crocus sativus flower: A comparison between tepals and stigmas
- Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of polyphenolics from Withania adpressa (Coss.) Batt. against selected drug-resistant bacterial strains
- Integrating network pharmacology and molecular docking to explore the potential mechanism of Xinguan No. 3 in the treatment of COVID-19
- Chemical composition and in vitro and in vivo biological assortment of fixed oil extracted from Ficus benghalensis L.
- A review of the pharmacological activities and protective effects of Inonotus obliquus triterpenoids in kidney diseases
- Ethnopharmacological study of medicinal plants in Kastamonu province (Türkiye)
- Protective effects of asperuloside against cyclophosphamide-induced urotoxicity and hematotoxicity in rats
- Special Issue on Essential Oil, Extraction, Phytochemistry, Advances, and Application
- Identification of volatile compounds and antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal properties against drug-resistant microbes of essential oils from the leaves of Mentha rotundifolia var. apodysa Briq. (Lamiaceae)
- Phenolic contents, anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial capacities of MeOH extract from the aerial parts of Trema orientalis plant
- Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Mentha pulegium and Rosmarinus officinalis against multidrug-resistant microbes and their acute toxicity study
- Special Issue on Marine Environmental Sciences and Significance of the Multidisciplinary Approaches
- An insightful overview of the distribution pattern of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the marine sediments of the Red Sea
- Antifungal–antiproliferative norcycloartane-type triterpenes from the Red Sea green alga Tydemania expeditionis
- Solvent effect, dipole moment, and DFT studies of multi donor–acceptor type pyridine derivative
- An extensive assessment on the distribution pattern of organic contaminants in the aerosols samples in the Middle East
- Special Issue on 4th IC3PE
- Energetics of carboxylic acid–pyridine heterosynthon revisited: A computational study of intermolecular hydrogen bond domination on phenylacetic acid–nicotinamide cocrystals
- A review: Silver–zinc oxide nanoparticles – organoclay-reinforced chitosan bionanocomposites for food packaging
- Green synthesis of magnetic activated carbon from peanut shells functionalized with TiO2 photocatalyst for Batik liquid waste treatment
- Coagulation activity of liquid extraction of Leucaena leucocephala and Sesbania grandiflora on the removal of turbidity
- Hydrocracking optimization of palm oil over NiMoO4/activated carbon catalyst to produce biogasoline and kerosine
- Special Issue on Pharmacology and metabolomics of ethnobotanical and herbal medicine
- Cynarin inhibits PDGF-BB-induced proliferation and activation in hepatic stellate cells through PPARγ
- Special Issue on The 1st Malaysia International Conference on Nanotechnology & Catalysis (MICNC2021)
- Surfactant evaluation for enhanced oil recovery: Phase behavior and interfacial tension
- Topical Issue on phytochemicals, biological and toxicological analysis of aromatic medicinal plants
- Phytochemical analysis of leaves and stems of Physalis alkekengi L. (Solanaceae)
- Phytochemical and pharmacological profiling of Trewia nudiflora Linn. leaf extract deciphers therapeutic potentials against thrombosis, arthritis, helminths, and insects
- Pergularia tomentosa coupled with selenium nanoparticles salvaged lead acetate-induced redox imbalance, inflammation, apoptosis, and disruption of neurotransmission in rats’ brain
- Protective effect of Allium atroviolaceum-synthesized SeNPs on aluminum-induced brain damage in mice
- Mechanism study of Cordyceps sinensis alleviates renal ischemia–reperfusion injury
- Plant-derived bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid tetrandrine prevents human podocyte injury by regulating the miR-150-5p/NPHS1 axis
- Network pharmacology combined with molecular docking to explore the anti-osteoporosis mechanisms of β-ecdysone derived from medicinal plants
- Chinese medicinal plant Polygonum cuspidatum ameliorates silicosis via suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin pathway
- Special Issue on Advanced Nanomaterials for Energy, Environmental and Biological Applications - Part I
- Investigation of improved optical and conductivity properties of poly(methyl methacrylate)–MXenes (PMMA–MXenes) nanocomposite thin films for optoelectronic applications
- Special Issue on Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology (ABB 2022)
- Model predictive control for precision irrigation of a Quinoa crop
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Regular Articles
- Photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B in aqueous phase by bimetallic metal-organic framework M/Fe-MOF (M = Co, Cu, and Mg)
- Assessment of using electronic portal imaging device for analysing bolus material utilised in radiation therapy
- A detailed investigation on highly dense CuZr bulk metallic glasses for shielding purposes
- Simulation of gamma-ray shielding properties for materials of medical interest
- Environmental impact assesment regulation applications and their analysis in Turkey
- Sample age effect on parameters of dynamic nuclear polarization in certain difluorobenzen isomers/MC800 asphaltene suspensions
- Passenger demand forecasting for railway systems
- Design of a Robust sliding mode controller for bioreactor cultures in overflow metabolism via an interdisciplinary approach
- Gamma, neutron, and heavy charged ion shielding properties of Er3+-doped and Sm3+-doped zinc borate glasses
- Bridging chiral de-tert-butylcalix[4]arenes: Optical resolution based on column chromatography and structural characterization
- Petrology and geochemistry of multiphase post-granitic dikes: A case study from the Gabal Serbal area, Southwestern Sinai, Egypt
- Comparison of the yield and purity of plasma exosomes extracted by ultracentrifugation, precipitation, and membrane-based approaches
- Bioactive triterpenoids from Indonesian medicinal plant Syzygium aqueum
- Investigation of the effects of machining parameters on surface integrity in micromachining
- The mesoporous aluminosilicate application as support for bifunctional catalysts for n-hexadecane hydroconversion
- Gamma-ray shielding properties of Nd2O3-added iron–boron–phosphate-based composites
- Numerical investigation on perforated sheet metals under tension loading
- Statistical analysis on the radiological assessment and geochemical studies of granite rocks in the north of Um Taghir area, Eastern Desert, Egypt
- Two new polypodane-type bicyclic triterpenoids from mastic
- Structural, physical, and mechanical properties of the TiO2 added hydroxyapatite composites
- Tribological properties and characterization of borided Co–Mg alloys
- Studies on Anemone nemorosa L. extracts; polyphenols profile, antioxidant activity, and effects on Caco-2 cells by in vitro and in silico studies
- Mechanical properties, elastic moduli, transmission factors, and gamma-ray-shielding performances of Bi2O3–P2O5–B2O3–V2O5 quaternary glass system
- Cyclic connectivity index of bipolar fuzzy incidence graph
- The role of passage numbers of donor cells in the development of Arabian Oryx – Cow interspecific somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos
- Mechanical property evaluation of tellurite–germanate glasses and comparison of their radiation-shielding characteristics using EPICS2017 to other glass systems
- Molecular screening of ionic liquids for CO2 absorption and molecular dynamic simulation
- Microwave-assisted preparation of Ag/Fe magnetic biochar from clivia leaves for adsorbing daptomycin antibiotics
- Iminodisuccinic acid enhances antioxidant and mineral element accumulation in young leaves of Ziziphus jujuba
- Cytotoxic activity of guaiane-type sesquiterpene lactone (deoxycynaropicrin) isolated from the leaves of Centaurothamnus maximus
- Effects of welding parameters on the angular distortion of welded steel plates
- Simulation of a reactor considering the Stamicarbon, Snamprogetti, and Toyo patents for obtaining urea
- Effect of different ramie (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud) cultivars on the adsorption of heavy metal ions cadmium and lead in the remediation of contaminated farmland soils
- Impact of a live bacterial-based direct-fed microbial (DFM) postpartum and weaning system on performance, mortality, and health of Najdi lambs
- Anti-tumor effect of liposomes containing extracted Murrayafoline A against liver cancer cells in 2D and 3D cultured models
- Physicochemical properties and some mineral concentration of milk samples from different animals and altitudes
- Copper(ii) complexes supported by modified azo-based ligands: Nucleic acid binding and molecular docking studies
- Diagnostic and therapeutic radioisotopes in nuclear medicine: Determination of gamma-ray transmission factors and safety competencies of high-dense and transparent glassy shields
- Calculation of NaI(Tl) detector efficiency using 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K radioisotopes: Three-phase Monte Carlo simulation study
- Isolation and identification of unstable components from Caesalpinia sappan by high-speed counter-current chromatography combined with preparative high-performance liquid chromatography
- Quantification of biomarkers and evaluation of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxicity properties of Dodonaea viscosa grown in Saudi Arabia using HPTLC technique
- Characterization of the elastic modulus of ceramic–metal composites with physical and mechanical properties by ultrasonic technique
- GC-MS analysis of Vespa velutina auraria Smith and its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in vitro
- Texturing of nanocoatings for surface acoustic wave-based sensors for volatile organic compounds
- Insights into the molecular basis of some chalcone analogues as potential inhibitors of Leishmania donovani: An integrated in silico and in vitro study
- (1R,2S,5R)-5-Methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)cyclohexyl 4-amino-3-phenylbutanoate hydrochloride: Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity
- On the relative extraction rates of colour compounds and caffeine during brewing, an investigation of tea over time and temperature
- Characterization of egg shell powder-doped ceramic–metal composites
- Rapeseed oil-based hippurate amide nanocomposite coating material for anticorrosive and antibacterial applications
- Chemically modified Teucrium polium (Lamiaceae) plant act as an effective adsorbent tool for potassium permanganate (KMnO4) in wastewater remediation
- Efficiency analysis of photovoltaic systems installed in different geographical locations
- Risk prioritization model driven by success factor in the light of multicriteria decision making
- Theoretical investigations on the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer in the solvated 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde carbohydrazone
- Mechanical and gamma-ray shielding examinations of Bi2O3–PbO–CdO–B2O3 glass system
- Machine learning-based forecasting of potability of drinking water through adaptive boosting model
- The potential effect of the Rumex vesicarius water seeds extract treatment on mice before and during pregnancy on the serum enzymes and the histology of kidney and liver
- Impact of benzimidazole functional groups on the n-doping properties of benzimidazole derivatives
- Extraction of red pigment from Chinese jujube peel and the antioxidant activity of the pigment extracts
- Flexural strength and thermal properties of carbon black nanoparticle reinforced epoxy composites obtained from waste tires
- A focusing study on radioprotective and antioxidant effects of Annona muricata leaf extract in the circulation and liver tissue: Clinical and experimental studies
- Clinical comprehensive and experimental assessment of the radioprotective effect of Annona muricata leaf extract to prevent cellular damage in the ileum tissue
- Effect of WC content on ultrasonic properties, thermal and electrical conductivity of WC–Co–Ni–Cr composites
- Influence of various class cleaning agents for prosthesis on Co–Cr alloy surface
- The synthesis of nanocellulose-based nanocomposites for the effective removal of hexavalent chromium ions from aqueous solution
- Study on the influence of physical interlayers on the remaining oil production under different development modes
- Optimized linear regression control of DC motor under various disturbances
- Influence of different sample preparation strategies on hypothesis-driven shotgun proteomic analysis of human saliva
- Determination of flow distance of the fluid metal due to fluidity in ductile iron casting by artificial neural networks approach
- Investigation of mechanical activation effect on high-volume natural pozzolanic cements
- In vitro: Anti-coccidia activity of Calotropis procera leaf extract on Eimeria papillata oocysts sporulation and sporozoite
- Determination of oil composition of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) seeds under influence of organic fertilizer forms
- Activated partial thromboplastin time maybe associated with the prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma
- Treatment of rat brain ischemia model by NSCs-polymer scaffold transplantation
- Lead and cadmium removal with native yeast from coastal wetlands
- Characterization of electroless Ni-coated Fe–Co composite using powder metallurgy
- Ferrate synthesis using NaOCl and its application for dye removal
- Antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticholinesterase potential of Chenopodium murale L. extracts using in vitro and in vivo approaches
- Study on essential oil, antioxidant activity, anti-human prostate cancer effects, and induction of apoptosis by Equisetum arvense
- Experimental study on turning machine with permanent magnetic cutting tool
- Numerical simulation and mathematical modeling of the casting process for pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron
- Design, synthesis, and cytotoxicity evaluation of novel thiophene, pyrimidine, pyridazine, and pyridine: Griseofulvin heterocyclic extension derivatives
- Isolation and identification of promising antibiotic-producing bacteria
- Ultrasonic-induced reversible blood–brain barrier opening: Safety evaluation into the cellular level
- Evaluation of phytochemical and antioxidant potential of various extracts from traditionally used medicinal plants of Pakistan
- Effect of calcium lactate in standard diet on selected markers of oxidative stress and inflammation in ovariectomized rats
- Identification of crucial salivary proteins/genes and pathways involved in pathogenesis of temporomandibular disorders
- Zirconium-modified attapulgite was used for removing of Cr(vi) in aqueous solution
- The stress distribution of different types of restorative materials in primary molar
- Reducing surface heat loss in steam boilers
- Deformation behavior and formability of friction stir processed DP600 steel
- Synthesis and characterization of bismuth oxide/commercial activated carbon composite for battery anode
- Phytochemical analysis of Ziziphus jujube leaf at different foliar ages based on widely targeted metabolomics
- Effects of in ovo injection of black cumin (Nigella sativa) extract on hatching performance of broiler eggs
- Separation and evaluation of potential antioxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities of limonene-rich essential oils from Citrus sinensis (L.)
- Bioactivity of a polyhydroxy gorgostane steroid from Xenia umbellata
- BiCAM-based automated scoring system for digital logic circuit diagrams
- Analysis of standard systems with solar monitoring systems
- Structural and spectroscopic properties of voriconazole and fluconazole – Experimental and theoretical studies
- New plant resistance inducers based on polyamines
- Experimental investigation of single-lap bolted and bolted/bonded (hybrid) joints of polymeric plates
- Investigation of inlet air pressure and evaporative cooling of four different cogeneration cycles
- Review Articles
- Comprehensive review on synthesis, physicochemical properties, and application of activated carbon from the Arecaceae plants for enhanced wastewater treatment
- Research progress on speciation analysis of arsenic in traditional Chinese medicine
- Recent modified air-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction applications for medicines and organic compounds in various samples: A review
- An insight on Vietnamese bio-waste materials as activated carbon precursors for multiple applications in environmental protection
- Antimicrobial activities of the extracts and secondary metabolites from Clausena genus – A review
- Bioremediation of organic/heavy metal contaminants by mixed cultures of microorganisms: A review
- Sonodynamic therapy for breast cancer: A literature review
- Recent progress of amino acid transporters as a novel antitumor target
- Aconitum coreanum Rapaics: Botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology
- Corrigendum
- Corrigendum to “Petrology and geochemistry of multiphase post-granitic dikes: A case study from the Gabal Serbal area, Southwestern Sinai, Egypt”
- Corrigendum to “Design of a Robust sliding mode controller for bioreactor cultures in overflow metabolism via an interdisciplinary approach”
- Corrigendum to “Statistical analysis on the radiological assessment and geochemical studies of granite rocks in the north of Um Taghir area, Eastern Desert, Egypt”
- Corrigendum to “Aroma components of tobacco powder from different producing areas based on gas chromatography ion mobility spectrometry”
- Corrigendum to “Mechanical properties, elastic moduli, transmission factors, and gamma-ray-shielding performances of Bi2O3–P2O5–B2O3–V2O5 quaternary glass system”
- Erratum
- Erratum to “Copper(ii) complexes supported by modified azo-based ligands: Nucleic acid binding and molecular docking studies”
- Special Issue on Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology (ABB 2021)
- Study of solidification and stabilization of heavy metals by passivators in heavy metal-contaminated soil
- Human health risk assessment and distribution of VOCs in a chemical site, Weinan, China
- Preparation and characterization of Sparassis latifolia β-glucan microcapsules
- Special Issue on the Conference of Energy, Fuels, Environment 2020
- Improving the thermal performance of existing buildings in light of the requirements of the EU directive 2010/31/EU in Poland
- Special Issue on Ethnobotanical, Phytochemical and Biological Investigation of Medicinal Plants
- Study of plant resources with ethnomedicinal relevance from district Bagh, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
- Studies on the chemical composition of plants used in traditional medicine in Congo
- Special Issue on Applied Chemistry in Agriculture and Food Science
- Strip spraying technology for precise herbicide application in carrot fields
- Special Issue on Pharmacology and Metabolomics of Ethnobotanical and Herbal Medicine
- Phytochemical profiling, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of Crocus sativus flower: A comparison between tepals and stigmas
- Antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of polyphenolics from Withania adpressa (Coss.) Batt. against selected drug-resistant bacterial strains
- Integrating network pharmacology and molecular docking to explore the potential mechanism of Xinguan No. 3 in the treatment of COVID-19
- Chemical composition and in vitro and in vivo biological assortment of fixed oil extracted from Ficus benghalensis L.
- A review of the pharmacological activities and protective effects of Inonotus obliquus triterpenoids in kidney diseases
- Ethnopharmacological study of medicinal plants in Kastamonu province (Türkiye)
- Protective effects of asperuloside against cyclophosphamide-induced urotoxicity and hematotoxicity in rats
- Special Issue on Essential Oil, Extraction, Phytochemistry, Advances, and Application
- Identification of volatile compounds and antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal properties against drug-resistant microbes of essential oils from the leaves of Mentha rotundifolia var. apodysa Briq. (Lamiaceae)
- Phenolic contents, anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial capacities of MeOH extract from the aerial parts of Trema orientalis plant
- Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils from Mentha pulegium and Rosmarinus officinalis against multidrug-resistant microbes and their acute toxicity study
- Special Issue on Marine Environmental Sciences and Significance of the Multidisciplinary Approaches
- An insightful overview of the distribution pattern of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the marine sediments of the Red Sea
- Antifungal–antiproliferative norcycloartane-type triterpenes from the Red Sea green alga Tydemania expeditionis
- Solvent effect, dipole moment, and DFT studies of multi donor–acceptor type pyridine derivative
- An extensive assessment on the distribution pattern of organic contaminants in the aerosols samples in the Middle East
- Special Issue on 4th IC3PE
- Energetics of carboxylic acid–pyridine heterosynthon revisited: A computational study of intermolecular hydrogen bond domination on phenylacetic acid–nicotinamide cocrystals
- A review: Silver–zinc oxide nanoparticles – organoclay-reinforced chitosan bionanocomposites for food packaging
- Green synthesis of magnetic activated carbon from peanut shells functionalized with TiO2 photocatalyst for Batik liquid waste treatment
- Coagulation activity of liquid extraction of Leucaena leucocephala and Sesbania grandiflora on the removal of turbidity
- Hydrocracking optimization of palm oil over NiMoO4/activated carbon catalyst to produce biogasoline and kerosine
- Special Issue on Pharmacology and metabolomics of ethnobotanical and herbal medicine
- Cynarin inhibits PDGF-BB-induced proliferation and activation in hepatic stellate cells through PPARγ
- Special Issue on The 1st Malaysia International Conference on Nanotechnology & Catalysis (MICNC2021)
- Surfactant evaluation for enhanced oil recovery: Phase behavior and interfacial tension
- Topical Issue on phytochemicals, biological and toxicological analysis of aromatic medicinal plants
- Phytochemical analysis of leaves and stems of Physalis alkekengi L. (Solanaceae)
- Phytochemical and pharmacological profiling of Trewia nudiflora Linn. leaf extract deciphers therapeutic potentials against thrombosis, arthritis, helminths, and insects
- Pergularia tomentosa coupled with selenium nanoparticles salvaged lead acetate-induced redox imbalance, inflammation, apoptosis, and disruption of neurotransmission in rats’ brain
- Protective effect of Allium atroviolaceum-synthesized SeNPs on aluminum-induced brain damage in mice
- Mechanism study of Cordyceps sinensis alleviates renal ischemia–reperfusion injury
- Plant-derived bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid tetrandrine prevents human podocyte injury by regulating the miR-150-5p/NPHS1 axis
- Network pharmacology combined with molecular docking to explore the anti-osteoporosis mechanisms of β-ecdysone derived from medicinal plants
- Chinese medicinal plant Polygonum cuspidatum ameliorates silicosis via suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin pathway
- Special Issue on Advanced Nanomaterials for Energy, Environmental and Biological Applications - Part I
- Investigation of improved optical and conductivity properties of poly(methyl methacrylate)–MXenes (PMMA–MXenes) nanocomposite thin films for optoelectronic applications
- Special Issue on Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology (ABB 2022)
- Model predictive control for precision irrigation of a Quinoa crop