Video interpretation in a medical spine clinic: A descriptive study of a diverse population and intervention
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Anne Mette Schmidt
,
Stine Aalkjær Clausen
Abstract
Objectives
Back pain is one of the most challenging health conditions to manage. Healthcare providers face additional challenges when managing back pain for patients with culturally diverse backgrounds including addressing linguistic barriers and understanding patients’ cultural beliefs about pain and healthcare. Knowledge about patients with culturally diverse backgrounds experiencing back pain and the interventions available to them is limited. Therefore, this study aims to describe the characteristics of patients with culturally diverse backgrounds experiencing back pain and the video interpretation intervention offered to them and further to explore the clinician’s perspective on this intervention.
Methods
Data were collected from the electronic medical records and the Interpreter Gateway. Four clinicians participated in a group interview, where they described and evaluated the video interpretation intervention in detail inspired by the template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide.
Results
A total of 119 (68%) patients accepted the intervention (53% women, mean 44 years). These patients represent 24 different languages, with 50% having at least one hospital-registered diagnosis and a mean number of five outpatient contacts, 1 year before receiving the intervention. Fifty-seven patients did not accept the intervention and declined interpretation or opted to use relatives or through video conferencing equipment. The intervention was positively evaluated by the clinicians.
Conclusions
The detailed description of the population and the intervention together with the clinician perspective provides a valuable foundation for developing and refining similar interventions, allocating resources, and designing future research studies. The intervention consisted of a consultation lasting up to 2 h delivered by a rheumatologist and a physiotherapist, with a remote interpreter connected.
1 Introduction
Back pain, encompassing low back and neck pain, is highly prevalent affecting over 748 million people worldwide [1]. It currently stands as the leading cause of years lived with disability [1]. Development and persistence of back pain and associated disability result from the intricate interplay between biophysical, genetic, psychological, social, and lifestyle factors, as well as co-morbidities [2,3,4,5]. In addition, patients with back pain often experience psychological consequences with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and reduced quality of life [2,3,4,5]. As a result, back pain is one of the most challenging conditions for patients, clinicians, and stakeholders to manage [6].
Ethnicity is considered to be a contributing factor in patients’ experience of back pain [4,7]. Evidence suggests that language barriers and cultural diversity in clinical interactions are associated with a perceived lack of respect and understanding among patients, resulting in a negative patient–clinician relationship and lower treatment satisfaction [8,9,10]. Consequently, this may lead to heightened anxiety, poorer health outcomes, and increased risks to patient safety [8,9,10]. To address biopsychosocial challenges and ensure improved health outcomes for patients with culturally diverse backgrounds, access to qualified interpretation resources is paramount [8,9,11].
Different methods can be used for interpretation including in-person, telephone, and video interpretation. The existing body of evidence presents conflicting findings as to the superiority of interpretation methods when evaluating clinician and patient satisfaction [12,13,14,15]. However, video interpretation has gained popularity due to its rapid availability [11,15], cost-effectiveness [11,15,16,17], and its ability to support patient-centered care [18]. The majority of studies on video interpretation are conducted in children [13,19,20], patients with dementia [14,16], or patients within Spanish-speaking populations with limited English proficiency [12,19,20].
The use of video interpretation for patients with culturally diverse backgrounds experiencing back pain remains an unexplored area in the literature. Therefore, this study aims to fill this gap by describing the characteristics of patients with culturally diverse backgrounds experiencing back pain and the video interpretation intervention offered to them and further to explore the clinician’s perspective on this intervention.
2 Methods
2.1 Design, setting, and participants
This descriptive study was conducted at the Medical Spine Clinic, Diagnostic Centre, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Central Denmark Region. The Medical Spine Clinic is the only specialized diagnostic function in the region which is populated by 1.3 million inhabitants. All adult patients with back pain in the region who do not improve with primary care treatment, and who have no indication for surgery, can be referred to the clinic [21,22]. Every year approximately 5,000 patients are referred to the Medical Spine Clinic by general practitioners or medical specialists. Of these, approximately 60 (≈1%) patients have culturally diverse backgrounds. In Denmark, healthcare services are publicly tax-financed, aiming to provide free and equal access to health care. However, if a patient is not proficient in Danish and has been living in Denmark for more than 3 years, a user fee (26 €) is required for interpretation services. A medical exemption can be granted if the patient cannot learn Danish due to physical or mental disabilities [23].
The patients described in this study were identified through the electronic medical record in the Central Denmark Region. They were included if they were: (1) referred to the Medical Spine Clinic due to back pain between December 17, 2018, and August 31, 2022, (2) 18 years old or above, and (3) individuals with culturally diverse backgrounds, including immigrants, refugees, or descendants who may not speak or understand Danish sufficiently for effective communication with clinicians.
2.2 Variables, data sources, and data presentation of the population
Data were collected on sex, age, civil status, hospital-registered diagnosis, and contacts from 1 year before their consultation at the Medical Spine Clinic. Additionally, data on the referring institution, interpreter’s language, and post-consultation referrals to rehabilitation were also collected. Specifically, data were collected from the electronic medical record in Central Denmark Region and the interpreter’s language from the Interpreter Gateway. Descriptive statistics, including means, standard deviations (SD), and numbers and proportions, are presented. STATA 17 (V.17 Stata, College Station, TX, USA) was used for data management and descriptive analysis.
2.3 The video interpretation intervention and the clinician’s perspective
Four clinicians (two physiotherapists and two rheumatologists) at the Medical Spine Clinic participated in a group interview. First, the clinicians were asked to describe the rationale behind the video interpretation intervention. Second, the template for intervention description and replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide [24] was used as inspiration to describe the intervention in detail. Finally, the clinicians were asked to evaluate the intervention and specify areas for further development.
2.4 Data protection
In accordance with the guidelines of the Danish Data Protection Agency, the hospital management at Regional Hospital Central Jutland and the owner of the Interpreter Gateway gave administrative permissions to access the raw register data obtained for clinical purposes from the electronic medical record in the Central Denmark Region and the Interpreter Gateway. Data were transferred from the electronic medical record and the Interpreter Gateway to MidtX (a secure and authorized regional digital platform).
3 Results
3.1 Population characteristics
During the inclusion period, the Medical Spine Clinic received referrals for 216 patients from 89 different referring units, with the majority from general practice clinics. In all, 19% did not attend the Medical Spine Clinic (n = 40); of those, 63% were women with a mean age of 45. Among patients who attended the Medical Spine Clinic (n = 176), 32% (n = 57) did not receive the video interpretation intervention either due to their decline or other reasons (Figure 1). Those declining the use of a professional interpreter were still offered the same multidisciplinary consultation with a time frame of up to 2 h.
Patients with culturally diverse backgrounds experiencing back pain referred to the Medical Spine Clinic.
Table 1 presents the characteristics of the 119 patients who received the video interpretation intervention. The population had a mean age of 44, with only six patients above the age of 65. The mean number of outpatient contacts was five, and the mean number of admissions was <1, 1 year prior to the consultation at the Medical Spine Clinic. A subgroup analysis of patients who declined the video interpretation intervention (n = 45) found that 62% were women with a mean age of 48.
Characteristics describing patients with culturally diverse backgrounds experiencing back pain receiving the video interpretation intervention
| Patients receiving the video interpretation intervention n = 119 | |
|---|---|
| Gender (female), n (%) | 63 (53) |
| Age (years), mean (SD); range | 44 (11); 17–79 |
| Marital status, n (%) | |
| Married | 79 (66) |
| Unmarried, divorced, or widow/widower | 40 (34) |
| Hospital registered diagnosis per patient 1 year prior to consultation, a n (%) | |
| 0 | 60 (50) |
| 1 | 28 (24) |
| 2 | 16 (13) |
| ≥3 | 15 (13) |
| Interpreter language, n (%) | |
| Arabic | 60 (51) |
| Polish | 11 (9) |
| Kurdish | 5 (4) |
| 21 other languages (Romanian, Turkish, and Tamil as the most frequent) | 43 (36) |
| Referral to rehabilitation, n (%) | 66 (55) |
aThe primary ICD-10 classified hospital registered diagnosis one year prior to the consultation were “Diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue” or “Mental and behavioral disorders.”
3.2 The video interpretation intervention
When asked about the rationale for the video interpretation intervention, the clinicians said that prior to December 2018, patients with culturally diverse backgrounds experiencing back pain were offered a 55-min face-to-face rheumatology consultation with telephone interpretation. A 55-min face-to-face physiotherapy consultation was subsequently offered, but it often lacked an available interpreter, or was canceled if the patient felt too fatigued to continue. The two face-to-face consultations did not include medical record-keeping, requests for additional assessments (e.g. diagnostic imaging), or oral tradition between the rheumatologist and the physiotherapist. The intervention posed several challenges for the clinicians. First, the time frame needed to be extended to ensure effective communication based on clinical needs. Second, the telephone interpretation frequently suffered from background noise and interruptions, making it difficult to understand the interpreter. Finally, given the complex management of patients with culturally diverse backgrounds experiencing back pain, closer multidisciplinary collaboration was required. Therefore, the clinicians made modifications to the intervention extending the time frame to up to 2 h, incorporating video interpretation, and adopting a multidisciplinary approach, jointly delivered by a rheumatologist and a physiotherapist. A detailed description of the video interpretation intervention is reported in Table 2.
The video interpretation intervention offered to patients with culturally diverse backgrounds experiencing back pain, structured with inspiration from the template for intervention description and replication checklist and guide [24]
| 1. Brief name | The video interpretation intervention |
| 2. Why | The rationale for the video interpretation intervention is based on the clinical need for effective communication, high-quality interpretation methods, and knowledge about the management of back pain |
| Linguistic and cultural barriers between patients and clinicians, in combination with the well-known challenges of managing back pain, require patience and time. To meet the need for effective communication, the time frame for the consultation was extended to up to 2 h. The extended time frame is expected to allow the clinicians to create a safe and tranquil setting with time to listen and empathically validate the patients lived experiences [40], which is expected to support the patient in opening up [10,41]. Effective communication is at the heart of patient-centered care and necessary to provide patients with culturally diverse backgrounds an equal opportunity to understand and manage their back pain [9,12] | |
| Access to qualified interpreters is a prerequisite for effective communication with patients with culturally diverse backgrounds [9]. Multiple methods of interpretation, including face-to-face, telephone, and video can be used, but no specific method is recommended [9,12]. The clinicians decided on video interpretation as it is more feasible than face-to-face interpretation. Further, it has the same level of satisfaction as face-to-face interpretation [12] and a user fee no higher than for interpretation by telephone [23] | |
| As the drivers for back pain are multifactorial [2,4], a biopsychosocial approach considering the patient’s individual needs, perspectives, experiences, and comorbidities is recommended in managing patients with back pain [2,3,42]. A biopsychosocial model commonly used is the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF), which conceptualizes a person’s level of functioning and/or disability as a dynamic interaction between health conditions, environmental factors, and personal factors. Environmental factors constitute the individual’s most immediate and general environments, whereas personal factors include, e.g., gender, age, lifestyle factors, and cultural background [43]. Using a multidisciplinary approach with the ICF model as a starting point enables clinicians to supplement each other. This ensures a biopsychosocial approach where the patient’s whole life situation is taken into consideration | |
| 3. What – materials | Video conferencing equipment (a computer, a camera, and a microphone (Cisco)) is used to connect to an interpreter via Rooms (a secure online platform) |
| 4. What – procedures | An interpreter is booked at the same time as the patient is invited to the Medical Spine Clinic. If a patient does not agree to interpretation on the day of consultation, clinicians have the option to require the use of an interpreter |
| The content of the consultation consists of a profound anamnesis addressing biopsychosocial factors, a physical examination, an explanation of diagnostic imaging, a summing up, and a future plan. This is identical to all other consultations at the Medical Spine Clinic | |
| One of the clinicians has the primary contact and leads the consultation while the other clinician supplements, demonstrates movements, and documents the consultation. The patient is given the time needed to understand, explain, and perform movements while the clinicians listen and ask short and straightforward additional questions. Clinical-ethnic competences refer to a clinician’s ability to understand how a patient’s unique health needs and cultural factors may affect their health competencies and self-management and how it impacts the interaction between clinician and patient [10]. These competencies are crucial for clinicians to develop effective and culturally appropriate interventions for patients with varying levels of health literacy and diverse cultural backgrounds [10] | |
| 5. Who provided | The consultation is provided by a multidisciplinary team consisting of a rheumatologist and a physiotherapist. The team continuously updates their knowledge and competencies by reading relevant literature, participating in seminars, and visiting the Migrant Health Clinic at Odense University Hospital, Denmark |
| 6. How | The rheumatologist and the physiotherapist are face to face with the patient. The interpreter participates online through video conferencing equipment |
| 7. Where | The Medical Spine Clinic, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Denmark |
| 8. When and how much | Patients can be referred if they fulfill the criteria described by the health authority [21,22]. The consultation lasts up to 2 h. Afterward, patients may be referred to rehabilitation in the primary sector or surgical assessment in the secondary sector. They may also receive instructions on physical activity and exercise. Additionally, the consultation may include recommendations for medication, a description of their working capacity, and considerations for their care in terms of work |
| 9. Tailoring | The consultation is patient-centered and tailored to their specific needs, incorporating an anamnesis inspired by the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), a physical examination, an explanation of diagnostic imaging, and a summary |
3.3 The clinician’s perspective on the video interpretation intervention
The clinicians reported overall satisfaction, when asked to evaluate the video interpretation intervention. First, the extended time frame allowed for consideration of all the biophysical, psychological, and social factors important to the patient, supporting patient-centeredness. In addition, the extended time frame and the fact that it was jointly delivered allowed for the consultation to include medical record-keeping and request for additional assessments (e.g. diagnostic imaging). Furthermore, the jointly delivery did not require oral tradition between the rheumatologist and the physiotherapist between their two separate consultations. In conclusion, the clinicians estimated that, usually, they did not use more than 100 min to deliver the video interpretation intervention. Second, the video interpretation intervention was experienced as more focused, with fewer disturbances. The clinicians described that eye contact and being able to read body language improved the communication for all three parties. Finally, the multidisciplinary collaboration was experienced as valuable, as the clinicians were able to supplement and support each other promoting a biopsychosocial approach. Additionally, patients did not have to repeat themselves, which may have reduced their fatigue compared to the previous practice of providing two separate consultations.
When asked to specify areas for future development of the video interpretation intervention, the clinicians highlighted that having a consistent group of interpreters would be beneficial. Increased knowledge about managing back pain and familiarity between the interpreter and clinicians was expected to improve communication. Additionally, the clinicians suggested incorporating patient-reported outcomes (beginning with Arabic language options) into an existing database, which would be completed before the consultation and used to support communication during the consultation.
4 Discussion
The video interpretation intervention, with a remote interpreter connected through video conferencing equipment, involved an up to 2-h consultation provided by a multidisciplinary team, was offered to 176 patients. The majority of patients accepted the intervention, while 25% declined. Of the 119 patients who accepted the intervention, 26% had two or more hospital-registered diagnoses with a mean number of outpatient contacts reaching five, 1 year prior to consultation. The intervention received positive evaluation from clinicians, as it allowed adequate time for effective communication and facilitated multidisciplinary collaboration.
In light of continued and increasing global migration [25], patients who do not speak the main language prove challenging to healthcare systems in their countries of residence [26]; as such, the need for developing multicultural healthcare interventions is apparent [11]. To our knowledge, there is no existing literature investigating interventions for patients with culturally diverse backgrounds experiencing back pain, and this is the first description of such an intervention. In addition, despite recommendations [27], there are no existing guidelines on managing patients with back pain who require interpretation. Thus, this study offers new and valuable insight into healthcare providers’ experiences in clinical practice while managing patients with culturally diverse backgrounds experiencing back pain. Since 2018, the Medical Spine Clinic has made efforts to offer the video interpretation intervention to all patients with back pain and limited proficiency in Danish. This was prioritized by the clinicians and stakeholders responsible for resource allocation, as recommended in the literature [8].
The timeframe in the video interpretation intervention was up to 2 h, but usually it did not last for more than 100 min including medical record-keeping and requests for additional assessments. In all, the clinicians estimated the time resources and costs between the previous intervention and the video interpretation intervention to be nearly the same. Current evidence presents conflicting finding on the superiority of interpretation methods [12,13,14,15], and according to a review, the use of a professional interpreter may be more important than the interpretation method [20]. When evaluated by the clinicians in this study, video interpretation was preferred over telephone interpretation, despite both being professional. Furthermore, clinicians provided positive feedback on the extended timeframe and multidisciplinary delivery, highlighting its support for patient-centeredness and a biopsychosocial approach.
19% of the patients did not attend the Medical Spine Clinic despite a written invitation, which is higher than the 3–4% estimated non-attendance rate in the Danish population [28]. The reason for this is unknown, but an association between non-attendance and culturally diverse backgrounds may be implied, with linguistic barriers as a possible reason [29]. A way to increase attendance may be the use of telephone calls in the patients’ preferred language rather than sending a written invitation [30].
In the Medical Spine Clinic, patients were given the option to use professional video interpretation. Clinicians have thus far accepted patients’ choices to use relatives (except for children under the age of 15 years), others than relatives, or no interpreter. Approximately 25% of the patients (n = 45) declined the video interpretation intervention. This is a cause for concern as professional interpreters are the interpreter type resulting in the greatest satisfaction and best communication for the patients [31], and as numerous studies have shown that errors are more likely to be clinically significant (e.g. misdiagnosis, misinterpretation, and incorrect treatment) when no or non-professional interpreters are used [32,33]. In addition, the use of non-professional interpreters may be considered unethical as some issues and difficulties may be experienced as too private to disclose to relatives and friends [34]. A possible reason for declining may be the user fee. A decrease in the use of professional interpretation services in Danish healthcare settings has been observed, following the introduction of a user fee in 2018 [26,35]. Future qualitative studies may reveal other reasons.
Patients with culturally diverse backgrounds experiencing back pain have not been described in the literature in terms of additional diagnosis and health care utilization until now.
Among the patient population described in this study, 26% had two or more hospital-registered diagnoses. However, it remains unknown whether this represents a high or low number of patients with culturally similar backgrounds in Denmark. In total, 14% of the Danish population below the age of 50 currently has hospital-registered multimorbidity [36], estimated using a multimorbidity index that includes fewer diagnoses than we included. One year before the consultation, the mean number of outpatient contacts was five, and the mean number of admissions was <1. The latter matches estimates in the Danish population, whereas the former is slightly higher than the estimated <3 outpatient contacts in the Danish population [37]. This is consistent with a report, which described patients with culturally diverse backgrounds as having higher hospital healthcare consumption than the Danish population [38]. In summary, the population in this study appears to have more hospital-registered diagnoses and outpatient contacts than the Danish population.
This study has some strengths. We were able to attain retrospective data on all 119 patients who were offered the video interpretation intervention. The clinicians delivering the video interpretation intervention were essential to formulating the aim, describing the intervention, and discussing the results, enhancing the study’s clinical relevance.
There are also some limitations, however. First, it would have been of great interest to present patient-reported outcomes such as pain level, disability, health-related quality of life, and psychosocial factors. These data would provide a more detailed characterization of the population, which could be used to refine existing and develop future interventions tailored to the population’s specific needs. Second, we were limited to hospital-registered data as general practitioner data was unavailable. Therefore, the number of diagnoses and contacts is limited to the secondary healthcare sector. Finally, patient perspectives on receiving the video interpretation intervention were not part of the study. The use of patient-reported experience measures could have revealed the impact of the intervention on the patient’s experience, for example, the use of video interpretation or the timeframe. Instead, we will explore the patient perspectives in depth in a future qualitative study.
Overall, this study reveals new and important knowledge about a population of patients with culturally diverse backgrounds experiencing back pain and a video interpretation intervention delivered to them. From a clinician’s perspective, the video interpretation intervention has the potential to enhance clinical practice. The study’s findings provide valuable insights for clinicians in developing and refining video interpretation interventions, in consideration of biopsychosocial aspects, in a clinical setting. Additionally, these findings inform stakeholders in resource allocation, and researchers in designing future studies.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank data manager Andrew Bolas and language editor Eileen Dorte Shanti Connelly for their assistance.
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Research ethics: Research involving human subjects complied with all relevant national regulations, institutional policies, and is in accordance with the tenets of the Helsinki Declaration (as amended in 2013). According to Danish legislation and the Act on Biomedical Research Ethics Committee System in Denmark, research using questionnaires or register-based research without human biological material does not require approval from an ethics committee (§14 Section 2) [39] approval of an experimental protocol from the Central Denmark Region Committees on Biomedical and Research Ethics was not required.
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Informed consent: Verbal informed consent has been obtained from the four clinicians prior to the group interview.
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Research funding: No funding was received for conducting this study.
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Data avaliability: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
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Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
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© 2024 the author(s), published by De Gruyter
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Editorial Comment
- From pain to relief: Exploring the consistency of exercise-induced hypoalgesia
- Christmas greetings 2024 from the Editor-in-Chief
- Original Articles
- The Scandinavian Society for the Study of Pain 2022 Postgraduate Course and Annual Scientific (SASP 2022) Meeting 12th to 14th October at Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen
- Comparison of ultrasound-guided continuous erector spinae plane block versus continuous paravertebral block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing proximal femur surgeries
- Clinical Pain Researches
- The effect of tourniquet use on postoperative opioid consumption after ankle fracture surgery – a retrospective cohort study
- Changes in pain, daily occupations, lifestyle, and health following an occupational therapy lifestyle intervention: a secondary analysis from a feasibility study in patients with chronic high-impact pain
- Tonic cuff pressure pain sensitivity in chronic pain patients and its relation to self-reported physical activity
- Reliability, construct validity, and factorial structure of a Swedish version of the medical outcomes study social support survey (MOS-SSS) in patients with chronic pain
- Hurdles and potentials when implementing internet-delivered Acceptance and commitment therapy for chronic pain: a retrospective appraisal using the Quality implementation framework
- Exploring the outcome “days with bothersome pain” and its association with pain intensity, disability, and quality of life
- Fatigue and cognitive fatigability in patients with chronic pain
- The Swedish version of the pain self-efficacy questionnaire short form, PSEQ-2SV: Cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation in a population of patients with musculoskeletal disorders
- Pain coping and catastrophizing in youth with and without cerebral palsy
- Neuropathic pain after surgery – A clinical validation study and assessment of accuracy measures of the 5-item NeuPPS scale
- Translation, contextual adaptation, and reliability of the Danish Concept of Pain Inventory (COPI-Adult (DK)) – A self-reported outcome measure
- Cosmetic surgery and associated chronic postsurgical pain: A cross-sectional study from Norway
- The association of hemodynamic parameters and clinical demographic variables with acute postoperative pain in female oncological breast surgery patients: A retrospective cohort study
- Healthcare professionals’ experiences of interdisciplinary collaboration in pain centres – A qualitative study
- Effects of deep brain stimulation and verbal suggestions on pain in Parkinson’s disease
- Painful differences between different pain scale assessments: The outcome of assessed pain is a matter of the choices of scale and statistics
- Prevalence and characteristics of fibromyalgia according to three fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria: A secondary analysis study
- Sex moderates the association between quantitative sensory testing and acute and chronic pain after total knee/hip arthroplasty
- Tramadol-paracetamol for postoperative pain after spine surgery – A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
- Cancer-related pain experienced in daily life is difficult to communicate and to manage – for patients and for professionals
- Making sense of pain in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): A qualitative study
- Patient-reported pain, satisfaction, adverse effects, and deviations from ambulatory surgery pain medication
- Does pain influence cognitive performance in patients with mild traumatic brain injury?
- Hypocapnia in women with fibromyalgia
- Application of ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral block or intercostal nerve block for acute herpes zoster and prevention of post-herpetic neuralgia: A case–control retrospective trial
- Translation and examination of construct validity of the Danish version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia
- A positive scratch collapse test in anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome indicates its neuropathic character
- ADHD-pain: Characteristics of chronic pain and association with muscular dysregulation in adults with ADHD
- The relationship between changes in pain intensity and functional disability in persistent disabling low back pain during a course of cognitive functional therapy
- Intrathecal pain treatment for severe pain in patients with terminal cancer: A retrospective analysis of treatment-related complications and side effects
- Psychometric evaluation of the Danish version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in patients with subacute and chronic low back pain
- Dimensionality, reliability, and validity of the Finnish version of the pain catastrophizing scale in chronic low back pain
- To speak or not to speak? A secondary data analysis to further explore the context-insensitive avoidance scale
- Pain catastrophizing levels differentiate between common diseases with pain: HIV, fibromyalgia, complex regional pain syndrome, and breast cancer survivors
- Prevalence of substance use disorder diagnoses in patients with chronic pain receiving reimbursed opioids: An epidemiological study of four Norwegian health registries
- Pain perception while listening to thrash heavy metal vs relaxing music at a heavy metal festival – the CoPainHell study – a factorial randomized non-blinded crossover trial
- Observational Studies
- Cutaneous nerve biopsy in patients with symptoms of small fiber neuropathy: a retrospective study
- The incidence of post cholecystectomy pain (PCP) syndrome at 12 months following laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective evaluation in 200 patients
- Associations between psychological flexibility and daily functioning in endometriosis-related pain
- Relationship between perfectionism, overactivity, pain severity, and pain interference in individuals with chronic pain: A cross-lagged panel model analysis
- Access to psychological treatment for chronic cancer-related pain in Sweden
- Validation of the Danish version of the knowledge and attitudes survey regarding pain
- Associations between cognitive test scores and pain tolerance: The Tromsø study
- Healthcare experiences of fibromyalgia patients and their associations with satisfaction and pain relief. A patient survey
- Video interpretation in a medical spine clinic: A descriptive study of a diverse population and intervention
- Role of history of traumatic life experiences in current psychosomatic manifestations
- Social determinants of health in adults with whiplash associated disorders
- Which patients with chronic low back pain respond favorably to multidisciplinary rehabilitation? A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
- A preliminary examination of the effects of childhood abuse and resilience on pain and physical functioning in patients with knee osteoarthritis
- Differences in risk factors for flare-ups in patients with lumbar radicular pain may depend on the definition of flare
- Real-world evidence evaluation on consumer experience and prescription journey of diclofenac gel in Sweden
- Patient characteristics in relation to opioid exposure in a chronic non-cancer pain population
- Topical Reviews
- Bridging the translational gap: adenosine as a modulator of neuropathic pain in preclinical models and humans
- What do we know about Indigenous Peoples with low back pain around the world? A topical review
- The “future” pain clinician: Competencies needed to provide psychologically informed care
- Systematic Reviews
- Pain management for persistent pain post radiotherapy in head and neck cancers: systematic review
- High-frequency, high-intensity transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation compared with opioids for pain relief after gynecological surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Reliability and measurement error of exercise-induced hypoalgesia in pain-free adults and adults with musculoskeletal pain: A systematic review
- Noninvasive transcranial brain stimulation in central post-stroke pain: A systematic review
- Short Communications
- Are we missing the opioid consumption in low- and middle-income countries?
- Association between self-reported pain severity and characteristics of United States adults (age ≥50 years) who used opioids
- Could generative artificial intelligence replace fieldwork in pain research?
- Skin conductance algesimeter is unreliable during sudden perioperative temperature increases
- Original Experimental
- Confirmatory study of the usefulness of quantum molecular resonance and microdissectomy for the treatment of lumbar radiculopathy in a prospective cohort at 6 months follow-up
- Pain catastrophizing in the elderly: An experimental pain study
- Improving general practice management of patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain: Interdisciplinarity, coherence, and concerns
- Concurrent validity of dynamic bedside quantitative sensory testing paradigms in breast cancer survivors with persistent pain
- Transcranial direct current stimulation is more effective than pregabalin in controlling nociceptive and anxiety-like behaviors in a rat fibromyalgia-like model
- Paradox pain sensitivity using cuff pressure or algometer testing in patients with hemophilia
- Physical activity with person-centered guidance supported by a digital platform or with telephone follow-up for persons with chronic widespread pain: Health economic considerations along a randomized controlled trial
- Measuring pain intensity through physical interaction in an experimental model of cold-induced pain: A method comparison study
- Pharmacological treatment of pain in Swedish nursing homes: Prevalence and associations with cognitive impairment and depressive mood
- Neck and shoulder pain and inflammatory biomarkers in plasma among forklift truck operators – A case–control study
- The effect of social exclusion on pain perception and heart rate variability in healthy controls and somatoform pain patients
- Revisiting opioid toxicity: Cellular effects of six commonly used opioids
- Letter to the Editor
- Post cholecystectomy pain syndrome: Letter to Editor
- Response to the Letter by Prof Bordoni
- Response – Reliability and measurement error of exercise-induced hypoalgesia
- Is the skin conductance algesimeter index influenced by temperature?
- Skin conductance algesimeter is unreliable during sudden perioperative temperature increase
- Corrigendum
- Corrigendum to “Chronic post-thoracotomy pain after lung cancer surgery: a prospective study of preoperative risk factors”
- Obituary
- A Significant Voice in Pain Research Björn Gerdle in Memoriam (1953–2024)
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Editorial Comment
- From pain to relief: Exploring the consistency of exercise-induced hypoalgesia
- Christmas greetings 2024 from the Editor-in-Chief
- Original Articles
- The Scandinavian Society for the Study of Pain 2022 Postgraduate Course and Annual Scientific (SASP 2022) Meeting 12th to 14th October at Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen
- Comparison of ultrasound-guided continuous erector spinae plane block versus continuous paravertebral block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing proximal femur surgeries
- Clinical Pain Researches
- The effect of tourniquet use on postoperative opioid consumption after ankle fracture surgery – a retrospective cohort study
- Changes in pain, daily occupations, lifestyle, and health following an occupational therapy lifestyle intervention: a secondary analysis from a feasibility study in patients with chronic high-impact pain
- Tonic cuff pressure pain sensitivity in chronic pain patients and its relation to self-reported physical activity
- Reliability, construct validity, and factorial structure of a Swedish version of the medical outcomes study social support survey (MOS-SSS) in patients with chronic pain
- Hurdles and potentials when implementing internet-delivered Acceptance and commitment therapy for chronic pain: a retrospective appraisal using the Quality implementation framework
- Exploring the outcome “days with bothersome pain” and its association with pain intensity, disability, and quality of life
- Fatigue and cognitive fatigability in patients with chronic pain
- The Swedish version of the pain self-efficacy questionnaire short form, PSEQ-2SV: Cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation in a population of patients with musculoskeletal disorders
- Pain coping and catastrophizing in youth with and without cerebral palsy
- Neuropathic pain after surgery – A clinical validation study and assessment of accuracy measures of the 5-item NeuPPS scale
- Translation, contextual adaptation, and reliability of the Danish Concept of Pain Inventory (COPI-Adult (DK)) – A self-reported outcome measure
- Cosmetic surgery and associated chronic postsurgical pain: A cross-sectional study from Norway
- The association of hemodynamic parameters and clinical demographic variables with acute postoperative pain in female oncological breast surgery patients: A retrospective cohort study
- Healthcare professionals’ experiences of interdisciplinary collaboration in pain centres – A qualitative study
- Effects of deep brain stimulation and verbal suggestions on pain in Parkinson’s disease
- Painful differences between different pain scale assessments: The outcome of assessed pain is a matter of the choices of scale and statistics
- Prevalence and characteristics of fibromyalgia according to three fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria: A secondary analysis study
- Sex moderates the association between quantitative sensory testing and acute and chronic pain after total knee/hip arthroplasty
- Tramadol-paracetamol for postoperative pain after spine surgery – A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
- Cancer-related pain experienced in daily life is difficult to communicate and to manage – for patients and for professionals
- Making sense of pain in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): A qualitative study
- Patient-reported pain, satisfaction, adverse effects, and deviations from ambulatory surgery pain medication
- Does pain influence cognitive performance in patients with mild traumatic brain injury?
- Hypocapnia in women with fibromyalgia
- Application of ultrasound-guided thoracic paravertebral block or intercostal nerve block for acute herpes zoster and prevention of post-herpetic neuralgia: A case–control retrospective trial
- Translation and examination of construct validity of the Danish version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia
- A positive scratch collapse test in anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome indicates its neuropathic character
- ADHD-pain: Characteristics of chronic pain and association with muscular dysregulation in adults with ADHD
- The relationship between changes in pain intensity and functional disability in persistent disabling low back pain during a course of cognitive functional therapy
- Intrathecal pain treatment for severe pain in patients with terminal cancer: A retrospective analysis of treatment-related complications and side effects
- Psychometric evaluation of the Danish version of the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire in patients with subacute and chronic low back pain
- Dimensionality, reliability, and validity of the Finnish version of the pain catastrophizing scale in chronic low back pain
- To speak or not to speak? A secondary data analysis to further explore the context-insensitive avoidance scale
- Pain catastrophizing levels differentiate between common diseases with pain: HIV, fibromyalgia, complex regional pain syndrome, and breast cancer survivors
- Prevalence of substance use disorder diagnoses in patients with chronic pain receiving reimbursed opioids: An epidemiological study of four Norwegian health registries
- Pain perception while listening to thrash heavy metal vs relaxing music at a heavy metal festival – the CoPainHell study – a factorial randomized non-blinded crossover trial
- Observational Studies
- Cutaneous nerve biopsy in patients with symptoms of small fiber neuropathy: a retrospective study
- The incidence of post cholecystectomy pain (PCP) syndrome at 12 months following laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective evaluation in 200 patients
- Associations between psychological flexibility and daily functioning in endometriosis-related pain
- Relationship between perfectionism, overactivity, pain severity, and pain interference in individuals with chronic pain: A cross-lagged panel model analysis
- Access to psychological treatment for chronic cancer-related pain in Sweden
- Validation of the Danish version of the knowledge and attitudes survey regarding pain
- Associations between cognitive test scores and pain tolerance: The Tromsø study
- Healthcare experiences of fibromyalgia patients and their associations with satisfaction and pain relief. A patient survey
- Video interpretation in a medical spine clinic: A descriptive study of a diverse population and intervention
- Role of history of traumatic life experiences in current psychosomatic manifestations
- Social determinants of health in adults with whiplash associated disorders
- Which patients with chronic low back pain respond favorably to multidisciplinary rehabilitation? A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
- A preliminary examination of the effects of childhood abuse and resilience on pain and physical functioning in patients with knee osteoarthritis
- Differences in risk factors for flare-ups in patients with lumbar radicular pain may depend on the definition of flare
- Real-world evidence evaluation on consumer experience and prescription journey of diclofenac gel in Sweden
- Patient characteristics in relation to opioid exposure in a chronic non-cancer pain population
- Topical Reviews
- Bridging the translational gap: adenosine as a modulator of neuropathic pain in preclinical models and humans
- What do we know about Indigenous Peoples with low back pain around the world? A topical review
- The “future” pain clinician: Competencies needed to provide psychologically informed care
- Systematic Reviews
- Pain management for persistent pain post radiotherapy in head and neck cancers: systematic review
- High-frequency, high-intensity transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation compared with opioids for pain relief after gynecological surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Reliability and measurement error of exercise-induced hypoalgesia in pain-free adults and adults with musculoskeletal pain: A systematic review
- Noninvasive transcranial brain stimulation in central post-stroke pain: A systematic review
- Short Communications
- Are we missing the opioid consumption in low- and middle-income countries?
- Association between self-reported pain severity and characteristics of United States adults (age ≥50 years) who used opioids
- Could generative artificial intelligence replace fieldwork in pain research?
- Skin conductance algesimeter is unreliable during sudden perioperative temperature increases
- Original Experimental
- Confirmatory study of the usefulness of quantum molecular resonance and microdissectomy for the treatment of lumbar radiculopathy in a prospective cohort at 6 months follow-up
- Pain catastrophizing in the elderly: An experimental pain study
- Improving general practice management of patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain: Interdisciplinarity, coherence, and concerns
- Concurrent validity of dynamic bedside quantitative sensory testing paradigms in breast cancer survivors with persistent pain
- Transcranial direct current stimulation is more effective than pregabalin in controlling nociceptive and anxiety-like behaviors in a rat fibromyalgia-like model
- Paradox pain sensitivity using cuff pressure or algometer testing in patients with hemophilia
- Physical activity with person-centered guidance supported by a digital platform or with telephone follow-up for persons with chronic widespread pain: Health economic considerations along a randomized controlled trial
- Measuring pain intensity through physical interaction in an experimental model of cold-induced pain: A method comparison study
- Pharmacological treatment of pain in Swedish nursing homes: Prevalence and associations with cognitive impairment and depressive mood
- Neck and shoulder pain and inflammatory biomarkers in plasma among forklift truck operators – A case–control study
- The effect of social exclusion on pain perception and heart rate variability in healthy controls and somatoform pain patients
- Revisiting opioid toxicity: Cellular effects of six commonly used opioids
- Letter to the Editor
- Post cholecystectomy pain syndrome: Letter to Editor
- Response to the Letter by Prof Bordoni
- Response – Reliability and measurement error of exercise-induced hypoalgesia
- Is the skin conductance algesimeter index influenced by temperature?
- Skin conductance algesimeter is unreliable during sudden perioperative temperature increase
- Corrigendum
- Corrigendum to “Chronic post-thoracotomy pain after lung cancer surgery: a prospective study of preoperative risk factors”
- Obituary
- A Significant Voice in Pain Research Björn Gerdle in Memoriam (1953–2024)
