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Supramolecular ionic polymer/carbon nanotube composite hydrogels with enhanced electromechanical performance

  • Yun-Fei Zhang , Fei-Peng Du EMAIL logo , Ling Chen , Ka-Wai Yeung , Yuqing Dong , Wing-Cheung Law , Gary Chi-Pong Tsui and Chak-Yin Tang EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: May 30, 2020
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Nanotechnology Reviews
From the journal Nanotechnology Reviews Volume 9 Issue 1

Abstract

Electroactive hydrogels have received increasing attention due to the possibility of being used in biomimetics, such as for soft robotics and artificial muscles. However, the applications are hindered by the poor mechanical properties and slow response time. To address these issues, in this study, supramolecular ionic polymer–carbon nanotube (SIPC) composite hydrogels were fabricated via in situ free radical polymerization. The polymer matrix consisted of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), styrene sulfonic sodium (SSNa), β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-grafted acrylamide, and ferrocene (Fc)-grafted acrylamide, with the incorporation of SSNa serving as the ionic source. On applying an external voltage, the ions accumulate on one side of the matrix, leading to localized swelling and bending of the structure. Therefore, a controllable and reversible actuation can be achieved by changing the applied voltage. The tensile strength of the SIPC was improved by over 300%, from 12 to 49 kPa, due to the reinforcement effect of the CNTs and the supramolecular host–guest interactions between the β-CD and Fc moieties. The inclusion of CNTs not only improved the tensile properties but also enhanced the ion mobility, which lead to a faster electromechanical response. The presented electro-responsive composite hydrogel shows a high potential for the development of robotic devices and soft smart components for sensing and actuating applications.

Keywords: supramolecular ionic polymer; single-walled carbon nanotube; composite hydrogel; electro-mechanical performance

Acknowledgments

This work was substantially supported by a grant from the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (Project No. PolyU 15207215), and partially supported by a grant from the Research Committee of the Hong Kong Polytechnic University (Project code G-YBVX).

  1. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this paper.

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Received: 2020-04-02
Accepted: 2020-04-07
Published Online: 2020-05-30

© 2020 Yun-Fei Zhang et al., published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2020-0039
Keywords for this article
supramolecular ionic polymer; single-walled carbon nanotube; composite hydrogel; electro-mechanical performance
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  42. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0061
  43. Arrangement structure of carbon nanofiber with excellent spectral radiation characteristics
  44. Effect of different particle sizes of nano-SiO2 on the properties and microstructure of cement paste
  45. Superior Fe x N electrocatalyst derived from 1,1′-diacetylferrocene for oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline and acidic media
  46. Facile growth of aluminum oxide thin film by chemical liquid deposition and its application in devices
  47. Liquid crystallinity and thermal properties of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane/side-chain azobenzene hybrid copolymer
  48. Laboratory experiment on the nano-TiO2 photocatalytic degradation effect of road surface oil pollution
  49. Binary carbon-based additives in LiFePO4 cathode with favorable lithium storage
  50. Conversion of sub-µm calcium carbonate (calcite) particles to hollow hydroxyapatite agglomerates in K2HPO4 solutions
  51. Exact solutions of bending deflection for single-walled BNNTs based on the classical Euler–Bernoulli beam theory
  52. Effects of substrate properties and sputtering methods on self-formation of Ag particles on the Ag–Mo(Zr) alloy films
  53. Enhancing carbonation and chloride resistance of autoclaved concrete by incorporating nano-CaCO3
  54. Effect of SiO2 aerogels loading on photocatalytic degradation of nitrobenzene using composites with tetrapod-like ZnO
  55. Radiation-modified wool for adsorption of redox metals and potentially for nanoparticles
  56. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0082
  57. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0083
  58. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0079
  59. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0086
  60. Braided composite stent for peripheral vascular applications
  61. Effect of cinnamon essential oil on morphological, flammability and thermal properties of nanocellulose fibre–reinforced starch biopolymer composites
  62. Study on influencing factors of photocatalytic performance of CdS/TiO2 nanocomposite concrete
  63. Improving flexural and dielectric properties of carbon fiber epoxy composite laminates reinforced with carbon nanotubes interlayer using electrospray deposition
  64. Scalable fabrication of carbon materials based silicon rubber for highly stretchable e-textile sensor
  65. Degradation modeling of poly-l-lactide acid (PLLA) bioresorbable vascular scaffold within a coronary artery
  66. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0091
  67. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0096
  68. Effect of nano-silica slurry on engineering, X-ray, and γ-ray attenuation characteristics of steel slag high-strength heavyweight concrete
  69. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0092
  70. Microstructural evolution and properties of Cu–20 wt% Ag alloy wire by multi-pass continuous drawing
  71. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0099
  72. Microfluidic-assisted synthesis and modelling of monodispersed magnetic nanocomposites for biomedical applications
  73. Preparation and piezoresistivity of carbon nanotube-coated sand reinforced cement mortar
  74. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0114
  75. Study of the material engineering properties of high-density poly(ethylene)/perlite nanocomposite materials
  76. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0115
  77. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0118
  78. High-efficiency method for recycling lithium from spent LiFePO4 cathode
  79. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0105
  80. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0106
  81. Review articles
  82. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0011
  83. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0014
  84. Review on modeling and application of chemical mechanical polishing
  85. Research on the interface properties and strengthening–toughening mechanism of nanocarbon-toughened ceramic matrix composites
  86. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0020
  87. Mechanical properties of nanomaterials: A review
  88. New generation of oxide-based nanoparticles for the applications in early cancer detection and diagnostics
  89. A review on the properties, reinforcing effects, and commercialization of nanomaterials for cement-based materials
  90. Recent development and applications of nanomaterials for cancer immunotherapy
  91. Advances in biomaterials for adipose tissue reconstruction in plastic surgery
  92. Advances of graphene- and graphene oxide-modified cementitious materials
  93. Theories for triboelectric nanogenerators: A comprehensive review
  94. Nanotechnology of diamondoids for the fabrication of nanostructured systems
  95. Material advancement in technological development for the 5G wireless communications
  96. Nanoengineering in biomedicine: Current development and future perspectives
  97. Recent advances in ocean wave energy harvesting by triboelectric nanogenerator: An overview
  98. Application of nanoscale zero-valent iron in hexavalent chromium-contaminated soil: A review
  99. Carbon nanotube–reinforced polymer composite for electromagnetic interference application: A review
  100. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0065
  101. A new classification method of nanotechnology for design integration in biomaterials
  102. Finite element analysis of natural fibers composites: A review
  103. Phase change materials for building construction: An overview of nano-/micro-encapsulation
  104. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0076
  105. Hyaluronic acid as a bioactive component for bone tissue regeneration: Fabrication, modification, properties, and biological functions
  106. Theoretical calculation of a TiO2-based photocatalyst in the field of water splitting: A review
  107. Two-photon polymerization nanolithography technology for fabrication of stimulus-responsive micro/nano-structures for biomedical applications
  108. A review of passive methods in microchannel heat sink application through advanced geometric structure and nanofluids: Current advancements and challenges
  109. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0103
  110. Progress in magnetic Fe3O4 nanomaterials in magnetic resonance imaging
  111. Synthesis of graphene: Potential carbon precursors and approaches
  112. A comprehensive review of the influences of nanoparticles as a fuel additive in an internal combustion engine (ICE)
  113. Advances in layered double hydroxide-based ternary nanocomposites for photocatalysis of contaminants in water
  114. Analysis of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite structures: A review
  115. Application of nanomaterials in ultra-high performance concrete: A review
  116. Therapeutic strategies and potential implications of silver nanoparticles in the management of skin cancer
  117. Advanced nickel nanoparticles technology: From synthesis to applications
  118. Cobalt magnetic nanoparticles as theranostics: Conceivable or forgettable?
  119. Progress in construction of bio-inspired physico-antimicrobial surfaces
  120. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0101
  121. 10.1515/ntrev-2020-0120
  122. Naturally or artificially constructed nanocellulose architectures for epoxy composites: A review
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