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The influence of tourism on the development of urban space: Comparison in Hanoi, Danang, and Ho Chi Minh City

  • Thuy Thu Tran , Tuan Tran Nguyen EMAIL logo und Huong Lan Pham
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 9. Mai 2024
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Abstract

Tourism is not only a driving force behind the development of many urban areas in Vietnam, but also a cause of accelerating problems such as tourist overload and great pressure on infrastructure. The study’s purpose is to evaluate the impact that tourism has had on the development of metropolitan regions in Hanoi, Da Nang, and Ho Chi Minh City, which are the three most popular tourist destinations in Vietnam. These effects are measured through two indicators: land consumption and land use efficiency (LUE). Research data are collected through two main sources: Vietnam General Statistics Office (with population and tourist data) and JAXA (with land use data). These data were collected and compared over two periods: 2010–2015 and 2015–2020. Research results have shown that consumption is increasing in all three localities, and all three cities are expanding spatially. In particular, the period 2015–2020 shows a higher level of land consumption than the period 2010–2015. However, LUE witnessed the opposite result when the period 2010–2015 showed more efficiency than the later period. Thus, all three urban areas tend to grow more if we count the amount of tourists as residents in that locality over time. This impedes future sustainable tourism development.

Keywords: urban sprawl; land use change; land consumption; sustainable development; Vietnam

1 Introduction

Tourism is a messenger of peace, friendship, and cooperation between countries and peoples [1]. Within the global context, tourism presently holds the status of being one of the foremost economic sectors in the service industry, experiencing rapid growth and garnering the participation of numerous nations due to the significant socio-economic advantages it offers [2,3,4]. As tourism activities have developed and become popular, it has become the subject of research by scientists in many different fields such as sociology [5,6], psychology [7], and economics [8]. At present, within the context of the worldwide phenomenon of globalization, the tourism sector assumes a notably significant function in generating domestic revenue [9,10]. Travel has become an indispensable need of people in modern industrial life. Tourism development is a good condition for exporting on-site tourism products [11,12], increasing foreign exchange revenue for the country [13,14]. Developing this industry also creates many new jobs for workers to solve the rising unemployment problem [15], exploit surplus labor sources [16], and promote the development of other economic sectors [17,18].

Following the liberalization of Vietnam’s economy, the tourism sector has experienced substantial growth in terms of visitor arrivals and revenue [19]. With respect to international tourism, Vietnam experienced a surge in the number of visitors from 250,000 in 1990 to 1.3 million within a span of merely 5 years, an increase of over fourfold. This number reached 5 million in 2010 and reached 18 million in 2019 [20]. On a regular basis, the yearly growth rate is higher than the double digits, with the average annual growth rate for the period 2015–2019 being 22.7%. From 1990 to 2019, domestic tourism increased by an astounding 85 times, from 1 million to 85 million [21]. This increase in tourist arrivals indicates that Vietnam’s economy is receiving an ever-increasing portion of its revenue from tourism. Tourism activities garner the involvement of individuals from diverse economic backgrounds and sectors, generating revenue not only for those engaged in tourism-related enterprises but also for associated industries on an indirect level [22]. It generates income for local communities. Tourism-generated revenue increased from 1,340 billion VND in 1990 to 755,000 billion VND (equivalent to $32.8 billion USD) in 2019. In 2019, this particular revenue accounted for 9.2% of the gross domestic product [23]. To be sure, the COVID-19 pandemic has slowed the growth of Vietnam’s tourist industry and reduced its economic impact. In 2022, tourism contributed less than 2% to the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) [21], clearly indicating a decline.

Furthermore, the surge in tourist influx to metropolitan regions throughout the tourist season has imposed considerable strain on urban infrastructure [24]. Among them, the waste treatment system is one of the major problems, while the capacity to collect and treat waste in most Vietnamese urban areas is still limited [25]. The increase in passenger numbers also puts pressure on the urban transport system, which is already overloaded due to rapid urbanization, especially in big cities [26]. In addition, the expansion of lodging establishments and recreational facilities to cater to the demands of visitors in metropolitan regions results in the encroachment upon residential space for indigenous populations [27]. This causes the land fund to shrink and real estate prices to increase [28]. Along with that is the increase in the cost of living and increasing social problems that have negative impacts on tangible and intangible cultural heritage in urban areas [29]. The conflict that arises between increasing the number of visitors in urban areas, especially in urban areas with a long history, and preserving inherent values is becoming more and more serious [30,31]. This is the situation that most tourist cities in the world have to face and seek to resolve through building mechanisms, and flexible sharing solutions to ensure tourism in urban areas develops more sustainably.

Despite the growing number of studies on tourism-oriented urban change, little attention has been paid to the urban policy drivers of this transformation [32]. In China, tourism development has a significant impact on urban economic growth but does not reduce the economic gap between cities [33]. Rusu et al. [34] point out that unplanned suburban development negatively impacts urban policy in the tourism sector in Romania. Some researchers have pointed out the impact of tourism development on urban–rural integration. However, these effects are only at the level of encouragement and do not bring positive effects [35]. In Vietnam, there have been no studies showing the impact of tourism on the expansion of urban space. In particular, this impact is measured by two indicators: land consumption and land use efficiency (LUE). Therefore, given the research gap pointed out above, this study will answer the question, “In Vietnam, how does tourism influence the development of urban space?” To answer this research question, the authors will measure through two indicators: LUE and land consumption level (LCL). Specifically, the research will be conducted in three major urban centers in Vietnam: Hanoi, Da Nang, and Ho Chi Minh City (HCM City). These three cities will also be representative of the three regions of Vietnam that are located in the north, central, and south. Part two of the research will involve reading articles discussing how tourism affects economic, social, and ecological growth. The research location and research model will be described in the following section. Before getting to the discussion, the research results will be pointed out. Finally, there is a conclusion with answers to the research question.

2 An examination of the research concerning the effects of tourism on socio-economic and environmental progress

Socio-economic development has brought income to people to better meet the needs of life. Resort demand is identified as a smokeless industry and has many important contributions to the economic development of each country [36]. The contemporary era’s tourism sector has grown in response to people’s desires to unwind, explore, and fulfill basic human needs. This wish has also become very necessary in the present situation [37]. In 2019, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the tourism industry accounted for 10.4% of global GDP, or 10 trillion USD. This number has dropped to only 7.6% in 2022. This industry also contributed to 10.3% of jobs worldwide in 2019 [38]. This demonstrates the significant impact that the tourism sector has had on global economic progress.

However, the tourism industry has two-way impacts on a country’s economic, social, and environmental issues [39,40]. In the economic field, tourism plays a significant role in contributing to the national revenue by boosting consumption and production [41] and improving the infrastructure system, both for the tourism industry and other economic sectors [42]. Since then, the global balance of payments has been significantly influenced by tourism [43]. In addition to increasing budget revenue for communities that foster tourism development, tourism actively contributes to the redistribution of national income among regions [44,45]. In regions characterized by traditional craft communities, economic development is fostered through the promotion of regional products. In other words, tourism contributes to “on-site export” of industrial goods, agricultural, and forestry products at higher retail prices, and the seller will not have to pay transportation costs, insurance, or import and export taxes [46,47]. Besides these positive impacts, tourism also has negative impacts on the economy. The risk of inflation [48,49] and an imbalance in the international balance of payments [50] are potential consequences of an overabundance of tourism development. Moreover, unanticipated tourism expansion may detrimentally affect the area’s sustainable socio-economic progress [51].

In the social field, an evident and tangible beneficial consequence of tourism on individuals’ social lives is an enhancement in mental well-being [52]. In nations with a thriving tourism sector, individuals are afforded convenient access to high-quality services at affordable rates [53]. Thanks to that, life is improved, and people’s health and longevity are increased. Travel is like a means of connection, a thread that connects people together. When traveling to a tourist area, people from different geographical regions become more understanding and closer to each other. Furthermore, tourism is a bridge for countries and people around the world to understand each other [54]. This strengthens foreign relations. The outcome indicates that tourism is a significant catalyst for income equality [55]. Hence, tourism can be employed as a means to mitigate income inequality within a nation. However, tourism development can cause local overpopulation and reduce the amount of resources and amenities available to local people [56]. Local population growth caused by tourism also affects traffic congestion, communication, and urban spatial development [57]. Furthermore, the detrimental societal ramifications were expressed in a restricted manner and linked to the unequal access to the previously mentioned public facilities, the widespread practice of prostitution, the continuation of theft and unauthorized trade of cultural artifacts, and the capricious assimilation of tourist practices and habits by indigenous populations [58].

Tourism activities make a substantial contribution to the long-term preservation of natural reserves, national parks, and architectural monuments [59]. For the purpose of preserving and enhancing urban landscapes as well as landscapes at tourist destinations, the tourism sector provides a contribution. This includes the transformation of residential areas into new tourist facilities [60]. Not only does tourism improve the environment for tourists, but it also improves the environment for local residents by increasing the number of public sanitary facilities [61]. Upgrading this urban landscape can increase LUE by fully utilizing the available land fund for use [62]. However, tourism has negative impacts on resources, including land resources. Tourism development means building infrastructure, hotels, and tourist facilities. This naturally leads to damage to land resources, such as land encroachment [63]. For example, in the past, there were natural landscapes, farming, and livestock lands; they have been replaced by tourist and entertainment areas to serve entertainment purposes for tourists [64]. Frequently, the reduction of agricultural land funds is proportional to the expansion of tourist areas [65,66].

3 Research methods

3.1 Research location

In the list of the best tourist cities in Southeast Asia 2022, Vietnam has three representatives: Hanoi, Da Nang, and HCM City [67] (Figure 1).

Figure 1 The geographical location of research studies. Source: authors’ compilation, 2023.
Figure 1

The geographical location of research studies. Source: authors’ compilation, 2023.

Hanoi is the capital and one of two special urban areas of Vietnam. Hanoi is located northwest of the central Red River Delta, with terrain including central plains and mountainous areas to the north and west of the city. In Vietnam, there are 63 administrative divisions at the provincial level; Hanoi, with a size of 3359.82 km² and a population of 8.4 million, is the largest centrally controlled city. It is also the second most populated city and has the second greatest population density. Hanoi is a typical region with a tropical monsoon climate and high humidity. Therefore, this is also the place where the four seasons of Spring, Summer, Fall, and Winter are most clearly expressed during the year. This location has become a well-known tourist destination all over the world because of the thousand-year heritage of civilization that Hanoi possesses. The city has more than 4,000 monuments and beautiful landscapes, including more than 900 nationally ranked monuments, along with a large-scale museum system along with unique and diverse architectural works.

Surrounded by five cities governed centrally, Da Nang is situated in the geographic center of Vietnam. At present, Da Nang city stands as the most populous in the Central region with a recorded tally of 1,134,310 individuals. In terms of urbanization and socio-economic progress, it ranks fourth in the nation, trailing only HCM City, Hanoi, and Hai Phong. Central Vietnam’s Da Nang is a port city situated on the Han River estuary and the East Sea coast, affording it a strategic location. In particular, Da Nang is an important transit gateway for Laos (a landlocked country) and an alternative route to help Thailand and Myanmar access the East Sea. In addition, Da Nang has direct flights to other regional hubs such as Shenzhen, Bangkok, Hong Kong, and Singapore. This is an opportunity for Da Nang to develop a modern logistics cluster and commercial center serving Southeast Asia through road, air, and sea connections.

Located in the geographic heart of Vietnam, HCM City is well-known as a welcoming and vibrant metropolis that serves as a regional and national hub for commerce, culture, education, science, and technology. Attracting substantial quantities of investment capital from abroad, this metropolitan area is the country’s economic engine and home to numerous sophisticated industrial parks; it is also the most populous urban area. Natural advantages have also contributed to HCM City’s rise to prominence as a transportation center for Southeast Asia and Vietnam (Table 1).

Table 1

Indicators are used for measurement

Indicators Definition Formula Meaning
1. Measuring LCL
Built-up land per resident ( U_R ) Is the area of construction land available for each resident in a defined area U_R t = U t R t U t is the construction land area in year t. R t reflects the population size in year t. T t represents the tourism count in year t
Built-up land per tourist ( U_T ) Is the area of construction land available for each visitor in a defined area U_T t = U t T t
Built-up land per capita ( U_RT ) Is the area of construction land available for each person in a defined area U_RT t = U t R t + T t

  • Resident LCL = U_R t + n − U_R t U_R t

  • Tourist LCL = U_T t + n − U_T t U_T t

  • Capita LCL = U_RT t + n − U_RT t U_RT t

2. Measuring LUE
Population growth rate Is the rate of change in the number of residents in a specific area over a certain period of time PGR = ln Pop t + n Pop t n Pop t is the population in an area in year t. Pop t + n is the population in an area in year t + n
Land consumption rate Is the proportion of land used for a specific purpose LCR = ln U t + n U t n
Tourist growth rate Is the rate of change in the number of visitors visiting a particular location during a specified time period TGR = ln T t + n T t n
LCRPGR = LCR / PGR , LCRTGR = LCR / TGR , LUE = LCR / ( PGR + TGR )

Source: Compiled by the authors from UN [69,70].

3.2 Research model and data collection

Figure 2 shows the research model of this article from the research sequence as well as the data collection method. The study collects three main input data: population, total number of tourists, and land area. These data were collected for 3 years, 2010, 2015, and 2020. While data on population and total number of tourists were collected from the General Statistics Office (GSO), data on land area were collected from JAXA. These data can be found in Table A1. Although the GSO collects and publishes data related to land, these data have an inadequacy in that they include approved projects that have not yet been implemented [68]. Therefore, measuring map data through satellite images will be reliable in later data processing. The authors used QGIS software to cut land use maps and calculate construction land data in three research locations over 3 years. After completing the research data collection step, the authors began calculating two indicators measuring LUE and LCL. Specific calculation formulas will be specified in Section 3.3.

Figure 2 Research model. Source: authors’ compilation, 2023.
Figure 2

Research model. Source: authors’ compilation, 2023.

3.3 Some formulas to measure LUE and land consumption

This study has two goals: measuring LUE and LCL. Therefore, measurement indicators are calculated based on a number of SDG indicators.

4 Research results

4.1 Measuring LCL

Figure 3 shows the results of the indexes U_R , U_T , and U_RT in three research locations in 3 years: 2010, 2015, and 2020. The results show that the changes in U_R and U_T in Hanoi and Da Nang are similar to each other. While the U_R index increased sequentially each year, the U_T index witnessed a decline before rising sharply again in 2020. HCM City shows a contrast in this trend in the above two indices, but there is a similarity in the changing trend in the U_RT index with the other two localities. However, the intensity of change is not the same. The decrease from 2010 to 2015 with the U_RT index in Hanoi, Da Nang, and HCM City gradualy increased while the increase from 2015 to 2020 gradually rose in the order of the three localities. In particular, the U_R index in Da Nang is the highest among the three localities and has grown sequentially over the years.

Figure 3 Results of indices: U_R {U\_R} ; U_T {U\_T} ; U_RT . {U\_RT}. Source: authors’ calculations, 2023.
Figure 3

Results of indices: U_R ; U_T ; U_RT . Source: authors’ calculations, 2023.

Table 2 shows the results of land consumption according to three indicators in three localities in two periods: 2010–2015 and 2015–2020. A change in the built-up land area of each resident or tourist during a certain time period is used to determine the amount of land that is consumed by each individual resident or tourist. A larger land consumption per person is shown by positive numbers, while a lower land consumption per person is indicated by negative values. Additionally, the tendency toward decreasing per capita land consumption indicates that certain cities are becoming more compact, while the trend toward growing per capita land consumption indicates that other cities are going to become more wide.

Table 2

Results of measuring LCL

Research areas Indicators 2010–2015 2015–2020
Hanoi Resident LCL 1.52 24.18
Tourist LCL −36.55 222.10
Capita LCL −26.36 125.78
Da Nang Resident LCL 9.39 14.61
Tourist LCL −53.23 134.31
Capita LCL −42.05 97.47
HCM City Resident LCL −5.78 7.14
Tourist LCL −73.44 69.28
Capita LCL −56.31 47.61

Source: authors’ calculations, 2023.

The results show that land consumption in the three localities showed more positive signs in the period 2015–2020 compared to the period 2010–2015. In the first stage, the Resident LCL index in Hanoi showed a positive number, in contrast to HCM City’s negative value. The remaining values of this period in all three localities have negative values, while the indicators of land consumption in the period 2015–2020 have positive values. The above results show that the period 2015–2020 shows a more positive sign when compared to the previous 5-year period. In particular, the effectiveness can be clearly seen through the land consumption index for tourism. The reason is explained because 2020 is in the COVID-19 period, and the amount of tourists is not much. This results in land use that appears to be more efficient than before. However, the level of land consumption for residents was also seen in all three localities in two periods, except for HCM City in the period 2010–2015. This result also shows that the increase in construction land area still meets the population increase in all three localities. The increase in Capita LCL value in the next 5 years also shows that cities tend to expand more than in the 5 years of phase 1.

4.2 Measuring LUE

Figure 4 shows the calculation results of LCR, PGR, and TGR indices in three localities through two periods: 2010–2015 and 2015–2020. The results show that all index values are positive except for the TGR index of the period 2015–2020. With the remaining two indices, LCR and PGR, the value of 2015–2020 is higher than the previous 5-year period. The only difference is in the PGR index of HCM City. In contrast, negative numbers suggest a lesser amount of land consumption per person or tourist, whereas positive values indicate a higher amount of land consumption overall. Therefore, the research results show that land consumption is increasing in all three localities, and all three cities are expanding spatially. However, land consumption per capita decreased in all three localities in the period 2015–2020 due to a decrease in tourists.

Figure 4 Results of the indices: LCR, PGR, and TGR. Source: authors’ calculations, 2023.
Figure 4

Results of the indices: LCR, PGR, and TGR. Source: authors’ calculations, 2023.

Table 3 shows the results of measuring LUE in Hanoi, Da Nang, and HCM City. That is to see a clear difference when comparing the two indices LCRPGR and LCRTGR, in all three localities through two periods. While in the first 5-year period, all indexes had positive values, the LCRPGR index still showed positive values in the following five years, but the LCRTGR index witnessed the appearance of negative values. Besides, a value between 0 and 1 will show that land use is effective. Therefore, if considering land use separately for each type of people’s livelihood and tourism, only HCM City shows effective land use in the period 2010–2015. However, if we consider the number of tourists as temporary residents who influence the spatial shape of that locality, all three research locations show effective land use. The following five years saw its ineffectiveness due to fewer visitors to these locations due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Table 3

Results of measuring LUE

Research areas Indicators 2010–2015 2015–2020
Hanoi LCRPGR 1.354 2.665
LCRTGR 0.112 −0.421
LUE 0.104 −0.5
Da Nang LCRPGR 1.852 1.748
LCRTGR 0.204 −0.598
LUE 0.184 −0.909
HCM City LCRPGR 0.494 1.541
LCRTGR 0.042 −0.595
LUE 0.039 −0.968

Source: authors’ calculations, 2023.

5 Results and discussion

The strong socio-economic development is helping Vietnam form many new urban areas. From the perspective of tourism development, urban areas are helping the tourism industry have more attractive experience spaces and quality services for tourists. However, the high concentration of tourists, sometimes overloaded, also poses the problem of having effective and sustainable tourism development policies in urban areas. This study has shown some impacts of tourism on the development of urban space in three major Vietnam cities (Hanoi, Da Nang, and HCM City) through measuring LUE. Research results have shown that land consumption in the three localities showed more positive signs in the period 2015–2020 compared to the period 2010–2015. However, LUE witnessed the opposite result when the period 2010–2015 showed more efficiency than the later period.

Research results have shown that if we consider the number of tourists as residents in that locality for a certain period of time, land consumption tends to increase. This leads to the result that all three cities tend to expand more urban than before. This situation raises concerns about uncontrolled growth in urban areas, especially large cities. The expansion of urban space also occurs unevenly among localities. In particular, urban expansion in Vietnam mainly develops in width, with low and dispersed population density. This results in the waste of land and restricts the accumulation of economic wealth. This conclusion is seen to be similar to that of Tan et al. [35]. In addition, this increase has resulted in inefficiencies in land management, planning, and development regulations. It is possible that this will result in the failure to achieve sustainable tourism development. Hence, it is neccesary to pay immediate attention to the process of integrating the various components of the tourism system into the planning of the region using a decentralized management system. If this issue is implemented, it will contribute to solving problems of uneven distribution between urban areas or regions within an urban area. This shows a similar conclusion to the study of Rusu et al. [34].

In addition, the efficiency with which urban land is utilized is another factor that impacts the sustainability of an urban environment. In addition, promoting ecotourism in metropolitan areas is a top priority for the tourism business. When considering the swift urbanization occurring in Vietnam, land is considered the principal resource that drives the overall expansion of urban regions. The development and good management of the land market will have the effect of promoting economic growth through land stimulation measures, such as creating tourist projects or accommodation facilities to develop tourism. However, land resources can be considered a “double-edged sword.” If this resource is managed well, this will be an important factor in promoting sustainable urban development, as well as developing tourism in a sustainable direction. On the other hand, if there is a lack of oversight, it will be simple to build a “real estate bubble,” which would have direct repercussions for the economy and the tourism industry. Therefore, land resources must be utilized rationally and efficiently in order to accomplish the greatest possible ecological, economic, and social benefits.

To ensure sustainable tourism development in urban areas, it is necessary to pay attention to policies for urban development that are specific to tourism. Urban authorities need to develop the management capacity of urban authorities in a green direction and with an understanding of tourism. Outstanding is the responsiveness of urban infrastructure. This is a very important factor in effectively exploiting tourism potential as well as limiting the negative impacts of urban development activities on urban tourism. In addition, local authorities need to actively propagate and raise people’s awareness about land use and conversion of land use purposes, especially for households doing business in tourist accommodation. At the same time, it is resolutely coordinating with local authorities to strictly handle organizations and individuals that violate regulations on land management and use.

This study has compared some of the effects of tourism on the expansion of urban space in three localities with a large number of tourists in Vietnam: Hanoi, Da Nang, and HCM City. The results of this study can be a basis for policymakers and land use planners to refer to land use and management issues in Vietnam. It contributes to sustainable tourism development and especially reasonable land use. However, this study has some shortcomings as the data collected on the number of tourists are not consistent. This is a statistical number for the city, but the number of tourists who regularly stay and visit is mostly in the inner city area. Therefore, for future research, it is recommended that calculations in urban districts will show a higher level of accuracy.

Acknowledgements

To make this article more complete, the authors would like to thank the reviewers’ comments and editing of this work.

  1. Funding information: Authors state no funding involved.

  2. Author contributions: All authors accepted the responsibility for the content of the manuscript and consented to its submission, reviewed all the results, and approved the final version of the manuscript. TTT: conceptualization, funding acquisition, writing – original draft. TTN: formal analysis, methodology, writing – review and editing. HLP: methodology, writing – review and editing.

  3. Conflict of interest: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Data availability statement: All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary information files.

Appendix

Table A1

Research input data

Categories Research areas 2010 2015 2020
Built-up land (Unit: ha) Hanoi 4805.95 5091.08 7200.27
Da Nang 947.18 1151.25 1583.28
HCM City 4767.27 5052.94 6148.73
Tourists (Unit: million people) Hanoi 11.8 19.7 8.65
Da Nang 1.77 4.6 2.7
HCM City 5.99 23.9 17.18
Population (Unit: million people) Hanoi 6.9 7.2 8.2
Da Nang 0.9 1.0 1.2
HCM City 7.2 8.1 9.2

Source: GSO and JAXA, 2023.

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Received: 2024-01-25
Revised: 2024-03-17
Accepted: 2024-03-29
Published Online: 2024-05-09

© 2024 the author(s), published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0286
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
urban sprawl; land use change; land consumption; sustainable development; Vietnam
Creative Commons
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Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Regular Articles
  2. Supplementation of P-solubilizing purple nonsulfur bacteria, Rhodopseudomonas palustris improved soil fertility, P nutrient, growth, and yield of Cucumis melo L.
  3. Yield gap variation in rice cultivation in Indonesia
  4. Effects of co-inoculation of indole-3-acetic acid- and ammonia-producing bacteria on plant growth and nutrition, soil elements, and the relationships of soil microbiomes with soil physicochemical parameters
  5. Impact of mulching and planting time on spring-wheat (Triticum aestivum) growth: A combined field experiment and empirical modeling approach
  6. Morphological diversity, correlation studies, and multiple-traits selection for yield and yield components of local cowpea varieties
  7. Participatory on-farm evaluation of new orange-fleshed sweetpotato varieties in Southern Ethiopia
  8. Yield performance and stability analysis of three cultivars of Gayo Arabica coffee across six different environments
  9. Biology of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on different types of plants feeds: Potency as a pest on various agricultural plants
  10. Antidiabetic activity of methanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. fruit in alloxan-induced Swiss albino diabetic mice
  11. Bioinformatics investigation of the effect of volatile and non-volatile compounds of rhizobacteria in inhibiting late embryogenesis abundant protein that induces drought tolerance
  12. Nicotinamide as a biostimulant improves soybean growth and yield
  13. Farmer’s willingness to accept the sustainable zoning-based organic farming development plan: A lesson from Sleman District, Indonesia
  14. Uncovering hidden determinants of millennial farmers’ intentions in running conservation agriculture: An application of the Norm Activation Model
  15. Mediating role of leadership and group capital between human capital component and sustainability of horticultural agribusiness institutions in Indonesia
  16. Biochar technology to increase cassava crop productivity: A study of sustainable agriculture on degraded land
  17. Effect of struvite on the growth of green beans on Mars and Moon regolith simulants
  18. UrbanAgriKG: A knowledge graph on urban agriculture and its embeddings
  19. Provision of loans and credit by cocoa buyers under non-price competition: Cocoa beans market in Ghana
  20. Effectiveness of micro-dosing of lime on selected chemical properties of soil in Banja District, North West, Ethiopia
  21. Effect of weather, nitrogen fertilizer, and biostimulators on the root size and yield components of Hordeum vulgare
  22. Effects of selected biostimulants on qualitative and quantitative parameters of nine cultivars of the genus Capsicum spp.
  23. Growth, yield, and secondary metabolite responses of three shallot cultivars at different watering intervals
  24. Design of drainage channel for effective use of land on fully mechanized sugarcane plantations: A case study at Bone Sugarcane Plantation
  25. Technical feasibility and economic benefit of combined shallot seedlings techniques in Indonesia
  26. Control of Meloidogyne javanica in banana by endophytic bacteria
  27. Comparison of important quality components of red-flesh kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) in different locations
  28. Efficiency of rice farming in flood-prone areas of East Java, Indonesia
  29. Comparative analysis of alpine agritourism in Trentino, Tyrol, and South Tyrol: Regional variations and prospects
  30. Detection of Fusarium spp. infection in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) during postharvest storage through visible–near-infrared and shortwave–near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy
  31. Forage yield, seed, and forage qualitative traits evaluation by determining the optimal forage harvesting stage in dual-purpose cultivation in safflower varieties (Carthamus tinctorius L.)
  32. The influence of tourism on the development of urban space: Comparison in Hanoi, Danang, and Ho Chi Minh City
  33. Optimum intra-row spacing and clove size for the economical production of garlic (Allium sativum L.) in Northwestern Highlands of Ethiopia
  34. The role of organic rice farm income on farmer household welfare: Evidence from Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  35. Exploring innovative food in a developing country: Edible insects as a sustainable option
  36. Genotype by environment interaction and performance stability of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars grown in Dawuro zone, Southwestern Ethiopia
  37. Factors influencing green, environmentally-friendly consumer behaviour
  38. Factors affecting coffee farmers’ access to financial institutions: The case of Bandung Regency, Indonesia
  39. Morphological and yield trait-based evaluation and selection of chili (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes suitable for both summer and winter seasons
  40. Sustainability analysis and decision-making strategy for swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis carabauesis) conservation in Jambi Province, Indonesia
  41. Understanding factors affecting rice purchasing decisions in Indonesia: Does rice brand matter?
  42. An implementation of an extended theory of planned behavior to investigate consumer behavior on hygiene sanitation-certified livestock food products
  43. Information technology adoption in Indonesia’s small-scale dairy farms
  44. Draft genome of a biological control agent against Bipolaris sorokiniana, the causal phytopathogen of spot blotch in wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum): Bacillus inaquosorum TSO22
  45. Assessment of the recurrent mutagenesis efficacy of sesame crosses followed by isolation and evaluation of promising genetic resources for use in future breeding programs
  46. Fostering cocoa industry resilience: A collaborative approach to managing farm gate price fluctuations in West Sulawesi, Indonesia
  47. Field investigation of component failures for selected farm machinery used in small rice farming operations
  48. Near-infrared technology in agriculture: Rapid, simultaneous, and non-destructive determination of inner quality parameters on intact coffee beans
  49. The synergistic application of sucrose and various LED light exposures to enhance the in vitro growth of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni)
  50. Weather index-based agricultural insurance for flower farmers: Willingness to pay, sales, and profitability perspectives
  51. Meta-analysis of dietary Bacillus spp. on serum biochemical and antioxidant status and egg quality of laying hens
  52. Biochemical characterization of trypsin from Indonesian skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) viscera
  53. Determination of C-factor for conventional cultivation and soil conservation technique used in hop gardens
  54. Empowering farmers: Unveiling the economic impacts of contract farming on red chilli farmers’ income in Magelang District, Indonesia
  55. Evaluating salt tolerance in fodder crops: A field experiment in the dry land
  56. Labor productivity of lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) farmers in Central Java Province, Indonesia
  57. Cropping systems and production assessment in southern Myanmar: Informing strategic interventions
  58. The effect of biostimulants and red mud on the growth and yield of shallots in post-unlicensed gold mining soil
  59. Effects of dietary Adansonia digitata L. (baobab) seed meal on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  60. Analysis and structural characterization of the vid-pisco market
  61. Pseudomonas fluorescens SP007s enhances defense responses against the soybean bacterial pustule caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines
  62. A brief investigation on the prospective of co-composted biochar as a fertilizer for Zucchini plants cultivated in arid sandy soil
  63. Supply chain efficiency of red chilies in the production center of Sleman Indonesia based on performance measurement system
  64. Investment development path for developed economies: Is agriculture different?
  65. Power relations among actors in laying hen business in Indonesia: A MACTOR analysis
  66. High-throughput digital imaging and detection of morpho-physiological traits in tomato plants under drought
  67. Converting compression ignition engine to dual-fuel (diesel + CNG) engine and experimentally investigating its performance and emissions
  68. Structuration, risk management, and institutional dynamics in resolving palm oil conflicts
  69. Spacing strategies for enhancing drought resilience and yield in maize agriculture
  70. Composition and quality of winter annual agrestal and ruderal herbages of two different land-use types
  71. Investigating Spodoptera spp. diversity, percentage of attack, and control strategies in the West Java, Indonesia, corn cultivation
  72. Yield stability of biofertilizer treatments to soybean in the rainy season based on the GGE biplot
  73. Evaluating agricultural yield and economic implications of varied irrigation depths on maize yield in semi-arid environments, at Birfarm, Upper Blue Nile, Ethiopia
  74. Chemometrics for mapping the spatial nitrate distribution on the leaf lamina of fenugreek grown under varying nitrogenous fertilizer doses
  75. Pomegranate peel ethanolic extract: A promising natural antioxidant, antimicrobial agent, and novel approach to mitigate rancidity in used edible oils
  76. Transformative learning and engagement with organic farming: Lessons learned from Indonesia
  77. Tourism in rural areas as a broader concept: Some insights from the Portuguese reality
  78. Assessment enhancing drought tolerance in henna (Lawsonia inermis L.) ecotypes through sodium nitroprusside foliar application
  79. Edible insects: A survey about perceptions regarding possible beneficial health effects and safety concerns among adult citizens from Portugal and Romania
  80. Phenological stages analysis in peach trees using electronic nose
  81. Harvest date and salicylic acid impact on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) properties under different humidity conditions
  82. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. petal biomass: A green source of nanoparticles of multifarious potential
  83. Use of different vegetation indices for the evaluation of the kinetics of the cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) growth based on multispectral images by UAV
  84. First evidence of microplastic pollution in mangrove sediments and its ingestion by coral reef fish: Case study in Biawak Island, Indonesia
  85. Physical and textural properties and sensory acceptability of wheat bread partially incorporated with unripe non-commercial banana cultivars
  86. Cereibacter sphaeroides ST16 and ST26 were used to solubilize insoluble P forms to improve P uptake, growth, and yield of rice in acidic and extreme saline soil
  87. Avocado peel by-product in cattle diets and supplementation with oregano oil and effects on production, carcass, and meat quality
  88. Optimizing inorganic blended fertilizer application for the maximum grain yield and profitability of bread wheat and food barley in Dawuro Zone, Southwest Ethiopia
  89. The acceptance of social media as a channel of communication and livestock information for sheep farmers
  90. Adaptation of rice farmers to aging in Thailand
  91. Combined use of improved maize hybrids and nitrogen application increases grain yield of maize, under natural Striga hermonthica infestation
  92. From aquatic to terrestrial: An examination of plant diversity and ecological shifts
  93. Statistical modelling of a tractor tractive performance during ploughing operation on a tropical Alfisol
  94. Participation in artisanal diamond mining and food security: A case study of Kasai Oriental in DR Congo
  95. Assessment and multi-scenario simulation of ecosystem service values in Southwest China’s mountainous and hilly region
  96. Analysis of agricultural emissions and economic growth in Europe in search of ecological balance
  97. Bacillus thuringiensis strains with high insecticidal activity against insect larvae of the orders Coleoptera and Lepidoptera
  98. Technical efficiency of sugarcane farming in East Java, Indonesia: A bootstrap data envelopment analysis
  99. Comparison between mycobiota diversity and fungi and mycotoxin contamination of maize and wheat
  100. Evaluation of cultivation technology package and corn variety based on agronomy characters and leaf green indices
  101. Exploring the association between the consumption of beverages, fast foods, sweets, fats, and oils and the risk of gastric and pancreatic cancers: Findings from case–control study
  102. Phytochemical composition and insecticidal activity of Acokanthera oblongifolia (Hochst.) Benth & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks. extract on life span and biological aspects of Spodoptera littoralis (Biosd.)
  103. Land use management solutions in response to climate change: Case study in the central coastal areas of Vietnam
  104. Evaluation of coffee pulp as a feed ingredient for ruminants: A meta-analysis
  105. Interannual variations of normalized difference vegetation index and potential evapotranspiration and their relationship in the Baghdad area
  106. Harnessing synthetic microbial communities with nitrogen-fixing activity to promote rice growth
  107. Agronomic and economic benefits of rice–sweetpotato rotation in lowland rice cropping systems in Uganda
  108. Response of potato tuber as an effect of the N-fertilizer and paclobutrazol application in medium altitude
  109. Bridging the gap: The role of geographic proximity in enhancing seed sustainability in Bandung District
  110. Evaluation of Abrams curve in agricultural sector using the NARDL approach
  111. Challenges and opportunities for young farmers in the implementation of the Rural Development Program 2014–2020 of the Republic of Croatia
  112. Yield stability of ten common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes at different sowing dates in Lubumbashi, South-East of DR Congo
  113. Effects of encapsulation and combining probiotics with different nitrate forms on methane emission and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics
  114. Phytochemical analysis of Bienertia sinuspersici extract and its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities
  115. Evaluation of relative drought tolerance of grapevines by leaf fluorescence parameters
  116. Yield assessment of new streak-resistant topcross maize hybrids in Benin
  117. Improvement of cocoa powder properties through ultrasonic- and microwave-assisted alkalization
  118. Potential of ecoenzymes made from nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) leaf and pulp waste as bioinsecticides for Periplaneta americana
  119. Analysis of farm performance to realize the sustainability of organic cabbage vegetable farming in Getasan Semarang, Indonesia
  120. Revealing the influences of organic amendment-derived dissolved organic matter on growth and nutrient accumulation in lettuce seedlings (Lactuca sativa L.)
  121. Identification of viruses infecting sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) in Benin
  122. Assessing the soil physical and chemical properties of long-term pomelo orchard based on tree growth
  123. Investigating access and use of digital tools for agriculture among rural farmers: A case study of Nkomazi Municipality, South Africa
  124. Does sex influence the impact of dietary vitD3 and UVB light on performance parameters and welfare indicators of broilers?
  125. Design of intelligent sprayer control for an autonomous farming drone using a multiclass support vector machine
  126. Deciphering salt-responsive NB-ARC genes in rice transcriptomic data: A bioinformatics approach with gene expression validation
  127. Review Articles
  128. Impact of nematode infestation in livestock production and the role of natural feed additives – A review
  129. Role of dietary fats in reproductive, health, and nutritional benefits in farm animals: A review
  130. Climate change and adaptive strategies on viticulture (Vitis spp.)
  131. The false tiger of almond, Monosteira unicostata (Hemiptera: Tingidae): Biology, ecology, and control methods
  132. A systematic review on potential analogy of phytobiomass and soil carbon evaluation methods: Ethiopia insights
  133. A review of storage temperature and relative humidity effects on shelf life and quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit and implications for nutrition insecurity in Ethiopia
  134. Green extraction of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) phytochemicals: Prospective strategies and roadblocks
  135. Potential influence of nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and yield components of carrot (Dacus carota L.) in Ethiopia: Systematic review
  136. Corn silk: A promising source of antimicrobial compounds for health and wellness
  137. State and contours of research on roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in Africa
  138. The potential of phosphorus-solubilizing purple nonsulfur bacteria in agriculture: Present and future perspectives
  139. Minor millets: Processing techniques and their nutritional and health benefits
  140. Meta-analysis of reproductive performance of improved dairy cattle under Ethiopian environmental conditions
  141. Review on enhancing the efficiency of fertilizer utilization: Strategies for optimal nutrient management
  142. The nutritional, phytochemical composition, and utilisation of different parts of maize: A comparative analysis
  143. Motivations for farmers’ participation in agri-environmental scheme in the EU, literature review
  144. Evolution of climate-smart agriculture research: A science mapping exploration and network analysis
  145. Short Communications
  146. Music enrichment improves the behavior and leukocyte profile of dairy cattle
  147. Effect of pruning height and organic fertilization on the morphological and productive characteristics of Moringa oleifera Lam. in the Peruvian dry tropics
  148. Corrigendum
  149. Corrigendum to “Bioinformatics investigation of the effect of volatile and non-volatile compounds of rhizobacteria in inhibiting late embryogenesis abundant protein that induces drought tolerance”
  150. Corrigendum to “Composition and quality of winter annual agrestal and ruderal herbages of two different land-use types”
  151. Special issue: Smart Agriculture System for Sustainable Development: Methods and Practices
  152. Construction of a sustainable model to predict the moisture content of porang powder (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) based on pointed-scan visible near-infrared spectroscopy
  153. FruitVision: A deep learning based automatic fruit grading system
  154. Energy harvesting and ANFIS modeling of a PVDF/GO-ZNO piezoelectric nanogenerator on a UAV
  155. Effects of stress hormones on digestibility and performance in cattle: A review
  156. Special Issue of The 4th International Conference on Food Science and Engineering (ICFSE) 2022 - Part II
  157. Assessment of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid profiles and ratio of omega-6/omega-3 of white eggs produced by laying hens fed diets enriched with omega-3 rich vegetable oil
  158. Special Issue on FCEM - International Web Conference on Food Choice & Eating Motivation - Part II
  159. Special Issue on FCEM – International Web Conference on Food Choice & Eating Motivation: Message from the editor
  160. Fruit and vegetable consumption: Study involving Portuguese and French consumers
  161. Knowledge about consumption of milk: Study involving consumers from two European Countries – France and Portugal
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Heruntergeladen am 22.1.2026 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/opag-2022-0286/html
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