Home Biosynthesis and characterization of Saudi propolis-mediated silver nanoparticles and their biological properties
Article Open Access

Biosynthesis and characterization of Saudi propolis-mediated silver nanoparticles and their biological properties

  • Maged S. Al-Fakeh , Samir Osman , Malek Gassoumi EMAIL logo , Mokded Rabhi and Mohamed Omer
Published/Copyright: December 6, 2021
Download Article (PDF)
Open Physics
From the journal Open Physics Volume 19 Issue 1

Abstract

The aim of this investigation was to synthesize propolis-mediated silver nanoparticles (Pro-AgNPs) and to test their biological activities in comparison with the raw materials (Saudi propolis). The chemical–physical characterization of the product showed that Pro-AgNPs were well synthesized. For the study of biological properties, aqueous and methanolic extracts were prepared from both propolis and Pro-AgNPs. Total polyphenol contents (TPCs) and antiradical activities showed their highest values in methanolic extracts, in particular in propolis extract. But, a higher TPC was found in Pro-AgNP aqueous extract as compared to propolis aqueous extract. It seems that Pro-AgNP synthesis helped extract more phenolic compounds with water. These compounds did not enhance antiradical activity in Pro-AgNP aqueous extract but increased its antibacterial activity.

Keywords: antimicrobial activity; anti-radical activity; total polyphenol content; UV-Vis; XRD

1 Introduction

Propolisor “bee glue” is a one of the most important bee products; it is a sticky material used in hive building and its defense [1,2]. It is collected by bees from a variety of resinous secretions from different plant species, then mixed with their salivary and enzymatic secretions [3]. As the origin of propolis is not a unique plant species (as it is collected from plants surrounding the hive), its composition is highly variable. Nevertheless, Thomson [4] reported an approximate composition for propolis: it is made mainly of resin and balsam (50%), followed by wax (30%). The remaining part (20%) is composed of essential oils, pollen, and impurities. In the last decades, propolis has gained increasing interest in popular medicine worldwide, which encouraged its commercial use in food, beverages, and other products like soaps and toothpastes [1]. In addition, several researches were performed with the aim to study its chemical properties and biological activities [5]. In this context, Anjum et al. [3] reported for propolis anti-fungal, anti-tumoral, anti-protozoal, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, dental protective, antioxidant, anti-viral, wound healing, and anti-cancer activities.

With the improper use of antibiotics, some pathogenic bacterial strains known for their antibiotic resistance have emerged, which made the use of new classes of disinfection systems, in particular silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), an urgent need [6,7]. Currently, AgNPs are considered as the most recognized nanoparticles, thanks to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities [8]. AgNPs have been incorporated within a multitude of materials [7]. Although the medical uses of propolis and AgNPs, data about the use of propolis-mediated AgNPs (Pro-AgNPs) are too scarce. For this reason, Pro-AgNPs using Saudi propolis are prepared and some of its chemical–physical and biological properties are studied.

2 Materials and methods

2.1 Preparation of Pro-AgNPs

An aliquot of 25 g of Saudi propolis was added to 250 mL distilled water then incubated at 45°C for 30 min. Thereafter, the mixture was filtrated using a Whatman No. 1 filter paper. A volume of 125 mL from the obtained aqueous extract was added to 375 mL silver nitrate (AgNO3, 1 mM) solution. The mixture was maintained under continuous stirring for 48 h for the synthesis of Pro-AgNPs. Figure 1 shows AgNO3 solution, propolis extract, and Pro-AgNPs.

Figure 1 (a) AgNO3 solution; (b) propolis extract; and (c) Pro-AgNPs solution.
Figure 1

(a) AgNO3 solution; (b) propolis extract; and (c) Pro-AgNPs solution.

2.2 Physical–chemical properties of propolis and Pro-AgNPs

UV-Vis spectra were performed for a wavelength range of 350–600 nm using a PG Instruments spectroscopy. For XRD analysis of crystalline Pro-AgNPs, a Phillips PW 1830 instrument (40 kV; 30 mA) was used.

2.3 Total polyphenol content (TPC) and antiradical assay of propolis and Pro-AgNPs

Two types of propolis and Pro-AgNPs extracts were prepared: aqueous and methanolic extracts. For the aqueous extract, samples of 124 mg propolis and Pro-AgNPs powder were added to 5 mL water then shaken and incubated at 80°C for 3 h [9]. As regards methanolic extracts, samples of 124 mg were extracted 3 times at room temperature for 2 h at 120 rpm using 70% methanol (1:5; w-v).

The TPCs of the aqueous and methanolic extracts were determined following the method described by Bettaieb et al. [10] after evaporation under vacuum (BÜCHI Rotary Evaporators R210, Germany) at 40°C. Briefly, an aliquot of 5 µL extract was added to 0.5 mL deionized water and 0.125 mL Folin-Ciocalteu reagent then shaken. After 6 min, 1.25 mL sodium carbonate (Na2CO3, 7%) was added and the mixture was adjusted to 3 mL with deionized water then mixed thoroughly. After that, incubation at 23°C for 90 min was needed before reading the absorbance of the mixture at 760 nm. TPCs were expressed as milligrams of gallic acid equivalents per gram dry weight (mg GAE g−1 DW); the calibration curve was prepared with gallic acid from 50 to 400 mg mL−1.

The radical scavenging activities of the studied extracts were measured following the method of Nsimba et al. [11]. Each extract was mixed with 1 mL DPPH methanolic solution (0.2 mM) then shaken vigorously. After 30 min incubation in the dark, the absorbance was read at 517 nm against a blank. The radical scavenging ability was calculated using the following equation:

( A 0 – A 1 ) × 100 / A 0 ,

where A 0 represents the absorbance of the control and A 1 stands for the absorbance of the sample.

2.4 Antimicrobial activity of propolis and Pro-AgNPs

The antimicrobial activities of the aqueous and methanolic extracts of propolis and Pro-AgNPs were evaluated using three bacterial strains (Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, and Escherichia coli) and three fungal strains (Alternaria solani, Helminthosporium sp., and Fusarium oxysporum).

Bacterial and fungal inoculums were prepared from fresh pure cultures in Muller Hinton broth. Each bacterial and fungal suspension was compared to 0.5 Mc Farland standard.

The antimicrobial activity of propolis and Pro-AgNPs against the selected microorganisms was evaluated using the agar well diffusion assay. The bacterial inoculum was spread on the Muller-Hinton Agar using a sterile cotton swab by lawn culture technique. After inoculation, three wells of 10 mm diameter were made in the agar plate. Then aliquots of 100 µL were added from each extract to the wells. The plates were then incubated for 72 h at 37°C. The obtained zones of inhibition around the wells were measured by a ruler.

2.5 Statistical analysis

Data were subjected to a one-way analysis of variance using SPSS 16.0 software and means were compared according to Duncan’s multiple-range test.

3 Results and discussion

3.1 Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) measurements

The SEM of silver nanoparticles is given in Figure 2. To elucidate the Ag nanoparticle morphologies, SEM was performed, which demonstrates clearly the formation of Ag nanostructures for the sample.

Figure 2 SEM of silver nanostructures.
Figure 2

SEM of silver nanostructures.

The SEM micrograph indicates that there are many micropores among the nanocrystals silver.

3.2 Physical and chemical characterization of Pro-AgNPs

UV-Vis spectrum showed a marked increase in the absorbance of the aqueous Pro-AgNPs extract with a peak around 437 nm (Figure 3). Our results are in agreement with those of Kothai and Jayanthi [12] who found a similar peak around 413 characteristics of AgNPs.

Figure 3 UV-Vis spectrum of AgNPs aqueous extract.
Figure 3

UV-Vis spectrum of AgNPs aqueous extract.

XRD analysis showed four distinct peaks at 38°, 44°, 64°, and 78° (Figure 4). Similar results were also obtained by Kothai and Jayanthi [12] and Ghadiri et al. [13], were identified as AgNPs with obvious face-centered cubic crystal nature.

Figure 4 XRD pattern of Pro-AgNPs.
Figure 4

XRD pattern of Pro-AgNPs.

Based on this chemical–physical characterization, it is clear that of Pro-AgNPs were well formed in our study.

3.3 TPC and antiradical activities of propolis and Pro-AgNPs

All extracts showed high levels for these two parameters, values ranged from 87 to 284 mg GAE g−1 DW for TPC and from 10 to 56% for antiradical activities. But the highest values were found in methanolic extracts of propolis followed by methanolic extracts of Pro-AgNPs (Table 1). The higher TPC recorded in Pro-AgNPs (167 mg GAE g−1 DW) as compared to that of propolis (87 mg GAE g−1 DW) could be explained by the fact that the formation of AgNPs may make more phenolic compounds water extractible.

Table 1

TPC and antioxidant activities (DPPH test) in aqueous and methanolic extracts of propolis and Pro-AgNPs.

Parameters Aqueous extracts Methanolic extracts
Propolis Pro-AgNPs Propolis Pro-AgNPs
TPC (mg GAE g−1 DW) 87 ± 3d 167 ± 4c 284 ± 13a 242 ± 4b
Anti-radical activity (%) 16.1 ± 1.1c 10.2 ± 0.5d 55.9 ± 2.9a 24.2 ± 2.2b

Means followed by different letters in superscript are significantly different according to Duncan’s multiple range test.

Means are of 4 replicates ±SE.

3.4 Antimicrobial activities of propolis and Pro-AgNPs

The inhibition zones of the studied extracts are presented in Table 2, and representative samples are illustrated in Figure 5. Our results showed no antifungal activity in the four extracts. As regards antibacterial activities, they depended on both material (propolis or Pro-AgNPs) and extract type (aqueous or methanolic). The widest inhibition zone was recorded in S. typhimurium treated with propolis followed by E. coli treated with Pro-AgNPs. The absence of antibacterial activity in propolis aqueous extract can be attributed to AgNPs themselves and probably to phenolic compounds that were made water extractible through the synthesis of AgNPs.

Table 2

Diameters of the inhibition zones following the incubation of bacteria and fungi in the presence of 10-millimeter wells within the agar plates containing aqueous and methanolic extracts of propolis and Pro-AgNPs

Test organisms Aqueous extracts Methanolic extracts
Propolis Pro-AgNPs Propolis Pro-AgNPs
Bacteria
 L. monocytogenes — 13.50a 13.17a 12.00b
 S. typhmurium — 15.17b 20.67a 16.00b
 E. coli — 18.33b 18.17b 19.50a
Fungi
 A. solani — — — —
 Helminthosporium sp. — — — —
 F. oxysporum — — — —

Values are means of 3 replicates. Means followed by different letters in superscript are significantly different according to Duncan’s multiple range test.

Figure 5 Correlation between TPCs and antioxidant activities in propolis and Pro-AgNPs aqueous and methanolic extracts.
Figure 5

Correlation between TPCs and antioxidant activities in propolis and Pro-AgNPs aqueous and methanolic extracts.

4 Conclusion

In this study, Pro-AgNPs were synthesized and the chemical–physical characterization of the obtained product showed that the nanoparticles were well formed. The comparison between aqueous and methanolic extracts of propolis and Pro-AgNPs exhibited differential biological properties depending on both material and solvent. It seems that Pro-AgNPs synthesis helped extract more phenolic compounds with water. These compounds did not enhance antiradical activity in Pro-AgNPs aqueous extract but increased its antibacterial activity.

  1. Funding information: The authors gratefully acknowledge Qassim University, represented by the Deanship of Scientific Research, on the financial support for this research under the number 10209-cos-2020-1-3-1, during the academic year 1442 AH/2020 AD.

  2. Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.

  3. Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.

References

[1] Salatino A, Fernandes-Silva CC, Righi AA, Salatino MLF. Propolis research and the chemistry of plant products. Nat Prod Rep. 2011;28:925.10.1039/c0np00072hSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[2] Bankova V, Popova M, Trusheva B. Propolis volatile compounds: chemical diversity and biological activity: a review. Chem Cent J. 2014;8:28.10.1186/1752-153X-8-28Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[3] Anjum SI, Ullah A, Khan KA, Attaullah M, Khan H, Ali H, et al. Composition and functional properties of propolis (bee glue): a review. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2019;26:1695–703.10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.08.013Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[4] Thomson W. Propolis. Med J Aust. 1990;153:11–12.10.5694/j.1326-5377.1990.tb126313.xSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[5] Bankova V. Recent trends and important developments in propolis research. eCAM. 2005;2:29–32.10.1093/ecam/neh059Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[6] Franci G, Falanga A, Galdiero S, Palomba L, Rai M, Morelli G, et al. Silver nanoparticles as potential antibacterial agents. Molecules. 2015;20:8856–74.10.3390/molecules20058856Search in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[7] Le Ouay B, Stellacci F. Antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles: a surface science insight. Nano Today. 2015;10:339–54.10.1016/j.nantod.2015.04.002Search in Google Scholar

[8] Xiu Z, Zhang Q, Puppala HL, Colvin VL, Alvarez PJJ. Negligible particle-specific antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles. Nano Lett. 2012;12:4271–5.10.1021/nl301934wSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[9] Midorikawa K, Banskota AH, Tezuka Y, Nagaoka T, Matsushige K, Message D. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of propolis. Phytochem Anal. 2001;12:355–62.10.1002/pca.605Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[10] Bettaieb I, Bourgou S, Wannes WA, Hamrouni I, Limam F, Marzouk B. Essential oils, phenolics, and antioxidant activities of different parts of Cumin (Cuminumcyminum L.). J Agric Food Chem. 2010;58:10410–18.10.1021/jf102248jSearch in Google Scholar PubMed

[11] Nsimba RY, Kikuzaki H, Konishi Y. Antioxidant activity of various extracts and fractions of Chenopodium quinoa and Amaranthus spp. seeds. Food Chem. 2008;106:760–6.10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.06.004Search in Google Scholar

[12] Kothai S, Jayanthi B. Anti cancer activity of silver nano particles bio- synthesized using stingless bee propolis (Tetragonula iridipennis) of Tamil Nadu. Asian J Biomed Pharm Sci. 2014;4(40):30–7.10.15272/ajbps.v4i40.654Search in Google Scholar

[13] Ghadiri M, KafiKang A, Gorji NE. XRD characterization of graphene-contacted perovskite solar cells: moisture degradation and dark-resting recovery. Superlattices Microstructures. 2020;146:106677.10.1016/j.spmi.2020.106677Search in Google Scholar
Received: 2021-08-19
Revised: 2021-10-02
Accepted: 2021-10-04
Published Online: 2021-12-06

© 2021 Maged S. Al-Fakeh et al., published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Regular Articles
  2. Circular Rydberg states of helium atoms or helium-like ions in a high-frequency laser field
  3. Closed-form solutions and conservation laws of a generalized Hirota–Satsuma coupled KdV system of fluid mechanics
  4. W-Chirped optical solitons and modulation instability analysis of Chen–Lee–Liu equation in optical monomode fibres
  5. The problem of a hydrogen atom in a cavity: Oscillator representation solution versus analytic solution
  6. An analytical model for the Maxwell radiation field in an axially symmetric galaxy
  7. Utilization of updated version of heat flux model for the radiative flow of a non-Newtonian material under Joule heating: OHAM application
  8. Verification of the accommodative responses in viewing an on-axis analog reflection hologram
  9. Irreversibility as thermodynamic time
  10. A self-adaptive prescription dose optimization algorithm for radiotherapy
  11. Algebraic computational methods for solving three nonlinear vital models fractional in mathematical physics
  12. The diffusion mechanism of the application of intelligent manufacturing in SMEs model based on cellular automata
  13. Numerical analysis of free convection from a spinning cone with variable wall temperature and pressure work effect using MD-BSQLM
  14. Numerical simulation of hydrodynamic oscillation of side-by-side double-floating-system with a narrow gap in waves
  15. Closed-form solutions for the Schrödinger wave equation with non-solvable potentials: A perturbation approach
  16. Study of dynamic pressure on the packer for deep-water perforation
  17. Ultrafast dephasing in hydrogen-bonded pyridine–water mixtures
  18. Crystallization law of karst water in tunnel drainage system based on DBL theory
  19. Position-dependent finite symmetric mass harmonic like oscillator: Classical and quantum mechanical study
  20. Application of Fibonacci heap to fast marching method
  21. An analytical investigation of the mixed convective Casson fluid flow past a yawed cylinder with heat transfer analysis
  22. Considering the effect of optical attenuation on photon-enhanced thermionic emission converter of the practical structure
  23. Fractal calculation method of friction parameters: Surface morphology and load of galvanized sheet
  24. Charge identification of fragments with the emulsion spectrometer of the FOOT experiment
  25. Quantization of fractional harmonic oscillator using creation and annihilation operators
  26. Scaling law for velocity of domino toppling motion in curved paths
  27. Frequency synchronization detection method based on adaptive frequency standard tracking
  28. Application of common reflection surface (CRS) to velocity variation with azimuth (VVAz) inversion of the relatively narrow azimuth 3D seismic land data
  29. Study on the adaptability of binary flooding in a certain oil field
  30. CompVision: An open-source five-compartmental software for biokinetic simulations
  31. An electrically switchable wideband metamaterial absorber based on graphene at P band
  32. Effect of annealing temperature on the interface state density of n-ZnO nanorod/p-Si heterojunction diodes
  33. A facile fabrication of superhydrophobic and superoleophilic adsorption material 5A zeolite for oil–water separation with potential use in floating oil
  34. Shannon entropy for Feinberg–Horodecki equation and thermal properties of improved Wei potential model
  35. Hopf bifurcation analysis for liquid-filled Gyrostat chaotic system and design of a novel technique to control slosh in spacecrafts
  36. Optical properties of two-dimensional two-electron quantum dot in parabolic confinement
  37. Optical solitons via the collective variable method for the classical and perturbed Chen–Lee–Liu equations
  38. Stratified heat transfer of magneto-tangent hyperbolic bio-nanofluid flow with gyrotactic microorganisms: Keller-Box solution technique
  39. Analysis of the structure and properties of triangular composite light-screen targets
  40. Magnetic charged particles of optical spherical antiferromagnetic model with fractional system
  41. Study on acoustic radiation response characteristics of sound barriers
  42. The tribological properties of single-layer hybrid PTFE/Nomex fabric/phenolic resin composites underwater
  43. Research on maintenance spare parts requirement prediction based on LSTM recurrent neural network
  44. Quantum computing simulation of the hydrogen molecular ground-state energies with limited resources
  45. A DFT study on the molecular properties of synthetic ester under the electric field
  46. Construction of abundant novel analytical solutions of the space–time fractional nonlinear generalized equal width model via Riemann–Liouville derivative with application of mathematical methods
  47. Some common and dynamic properties of logarithmic Pareto distribution with applications
  48. Soliton structures in optical fiber communications with Kundu–Mukherjee–Naskar model
  49. Fractional modeling of COVID-19 epidemic model with harmonic mean type incidence rate
  50. Liquid metal-based metamaterial with high-temperature sensitivity: Design and computational study
  51. Biosynthesis and characterization of Saudi propolis-mediated silver nanoparticles and their biological properties
  52. New trigonometric B-spline approximation for numerical investigation of the regularized long-wave equation
  53. Modal characteristics of harmonic gear transmission flexspline based on orthogonal design method
  54. Revisiting the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations
  55. Time-periodic pulse electroosmotic flow of Jeffreys fluids through a microannulus
  56. Exact wave solutions of the nonlinear Rosenau equation using an analytical method
  57. Computational examination of Jeffrey nanofluid through a stretchable surface employing Tiwari and Das model
  58. Numerical analysis of a single-mode microring resonator on a YAG-on-insulator
  59. Review Articles
  60. Double-layer coating using MHD flow of third-grade fluid with Hall current and heat source/sink
  61. Analysis of aeromagnetic filtering techniques in locating the primary target in sedimentary terrain: A review
  62. Rapid Communications
  63. Nonlinear fitting of multi-compartmental data using Hooke and Jeeves direct search method
  64. Effect of buried depth on thermal performance of a vertical U-tube underground heat exchanger
  65. Knocking characteristics of a high pressure direct injection natural gas engine operating in stratified combustion mode
  66. What dominates heat transfer performance of a double-pipe heat exchanger
  67. Special Issue on Future challenges of advanced computational modeling on nonlinear physical phenomena - Part II
  68. Lump, lump-one stripe, multiwave and breather solutions for the Hunter–Saxton equation
  69. New quantum integral inequalities for some new classes of generalized ψ-convex functions and their scope in physical systems
  70. Computational fluid dynamic simulations and heat transfer characteristic comparisons of various arc-baffled channels
  71. Gaussian radial basis functions method for linear and nonlinear convection–diffusion models in physical phenomena
  72. Investigation of interactional phenomena and multi wave solutions of the quantum hydrodynamic Zakharov–Kuznetsov model
  73. On the optical solutions to nonlinear Schrödinger equation with second-order spatiotemporal dispersion
  74. Analysis of couple stress fluid flow with variable viscosity using two homotopy-based methods
  75. Quantum estimates in two variable forms for Simpson-type inequalities considering generalized Ψ-convex functions with applications
  76. Series solution to fractional contact problem using Caputo’s derivative
  77. Solitary wave solutions of the ionic currents along microtubule dynamical equations via analytical mathematical method
  78. Thermo-viscoelastic orthotropic constraint cylindrical cavity with variable thermal properties heated by laser pulse via the MGT thermoelasticity model
  79. Theoretical and experimental clues to a flux of Doppler transformation energies during processes with energy conservation
  80. On solitons: Propagation of shallow water waves for the fifth-order KdV hierarchy integrable equation
  81. Special Issue on Transport phenomena and thermal analysis in micro/nano-scale structure surfaces - Part II
  82. Numerical study on heat transfer and flow characteristics of nanofluids in a circular tube with trapezoid ribs
  83. Experimental and numerical study of heat transfer and flow characteristics with different placement of the multi-deck display cabinet in supermarket
  84. Thermal-hydraulic performance prediction of two new heat exchangers using RBF based on different DOE
  85. Diesel engine waste heat recovery system comprehensive optimization based on system and heat exchanger simulation
  86. Load forecasting of refrigerated display cabinet based on CEEMD–IPSO–LSTM combined model
  87. Investigation on subcooled flow boiling heat transfer characteristics in ICE-like conditions
  88. Research on materials of solar selective absorption coating based on the first principle
  89. Experimental study on enhancement characteristics of steam/nitrogen condensation inside horizontal multi-start helical channels
  90. Special Issue on Novel Numerical and Analytical Techniques for Fractional Nonlinear Schrodinger Type - Part I
  91. Numerical exploration of thin film flow of MHD pseudo-plastic fluid in fractional space: Utilization of fractional calculus approach
  92. A Haar wavelet-based scheme for finding the control parameter in nonlinear inverse heat conduction equation
  93. Stable novel and accurate solitary wave solutions of an integrable equation: Qiao model
  94. Novel soliton solutions to the Atangana–Baleanu fractional system of equations for the ISALWs
  95. On the oscillation of nonlinear delay differential equations and their applications
  96. Abundant stable novel solutions of fractional-order epidemic model along with saturated treatment and disease transmission
  97. Fully Legendre spectral collocation technique for stochastic heat equations
  98. Special Issue on 5th International Conference on Mechanics, Mathematics and Applied Physics (2021)
  99. Residual service life of erbium-modified AM50 magnesium alloy under corrosion and stress environment
  100. Special Issue on Advanced Topics on the Modelling and Assessment of Complicated Physical Phenomena - Part I
  101. Diverse wave propagation in shallow water waves with the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili–Benjamin–Bona–Mahony and Benney–Luke integrable models
  102. Intensification of thermal stratification on dissipative chemically heating fluid with cross-diffusion and magnetic field over a wedge
https://doi.org/10.1515/phys-2021-0091
Keywords for this article
antimicrobial activity; anti-radical activity; total polyphenol content; UV-Vis; XRD
Creative Commons
BY 4.0

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Regular Articles
  2. Circular Rydberg states of helium atoms or helium-like ions in a high-frequency laser field
  3. Closed-form solutions and conservation laws of a generalized Hirota–Satsuma coupled KdV system of fluid mechanics
  4. W-Chirped optical solitons and modulation instability analysis of Chen–Lee–Liu equation in optical monomode fibres
  5. The problem of a hydrogen atom in a cavity: Oscillator representation solution versus analytic solution
  6. An analytical model for the Maxwell radiation field in an axially symmetric galaxy
  7. Utilization of updated version of heat flux model for the radiative flow of a non-Newtonian material under Joule heating: OHAM application
  8. Verification of the accommodative responses in viewing an on-axis analog reflection hologram
  9. Irreversibility as thermodynamic time
  10. A self-adaptive prescription dose optimization algorithm for radiotherapy
  11. Algebraic computational methods for solving three nonlinear vital models fractional in mathematical physics
  12. The diffusion mechanism of the application of intelligent manufacturing in SMEs model based on cellular automata
  13. Numerical analysis of free convection from a spinning cone with variable wall temperature and pressure work effect using MD-BSQLM
  14. Numerical simulation of hydrodynamic oscillation of side-by-side double-floating-system with a narrow gap in waves
  15. Closed-form solutions for the Schrödinger wave equation with non-solvable potentials: A perturbation approach
  16. Study of dynamic pressure on the packer for deep-water perforation
  17. Ultrafast dephasing in hydrogen-bonded pyridine–water mixtures
  18. Crystallization law of karst water in tunnel drainage system based on DBL theory
  19. Position-dependent finite symmetric mass harmonic like oscillator: Classical and quantum mechanical study
  20. Application of Fibonacci heap to fast marching method
  21. An analytical investigation of the mixed convective Casson fluid flow past a yawed cylinder with heat transfer analysis
  22. Considering the effect of optical attenuation on photon-enhanced thermionic emission converter of the practical structure
  23. Fractal calculation method of friction parameters: Surface morphology and load of galvanized sheet
  24. Charge identification of fragments with the emulsion spectrometer of the FOOT experiment
  25. Quantization of fractional harmonic oscillator using creation and annihilation operators
  26. Scaling law for velocity of domino toppling motion in curved paths
  27. Frequency synchronization detection method based on adaptive frequency standard tracking
  28. Application of common reflection surface (CRS) to velocity variation with azimuth (VVAz) inversion of the relatively narrow azimuth 3D seismic land data
  29. Study on the adaptability of binary flooding in a certain oil field
  30. CompVision: An open-source five-compartmental software for biokinetic simulations
  31. An electrically switchable wideband metamaterial absorber based on graphene at P band
  32. Effect of annealing temperature on the interface state density of n-ZnO nanorod/p-Si heterojunction diodes
  33. A facile fabrication of superhydrophobic and superoleophilic adsorption material 5A zeolite for oil–water separation with potential use in floating oil
  34. Shannon entropy for Feinberg–Horodecki equation and thermal properties of improved Wei potential model
  35. Hopf bifurcation analysis for liquid-filled Gyrostat chaotic system and design of a novel technique to control slosh in spacecrafts
  36. Optical properties of two-dimensional two-electron quantum dot in parabolic confinement
  37. Optical solitons via the collective variable method for the classical and perturbed Chen–Lee–Liu equations
  38. Stratified heat transfer of magneto-tangent hyperbolic bio-nanofluid flow with gyrotactic microorganisms: Keller-Box solution technique
  39. Analysis of the structure and properties of triangular composite light-screen targets
  40. Magnetic charged particles of optical spherical antiferromagnetic model with fractional system
  41. Study on acoustic radiation response characteristics of sound barriers
  42. The tribological properties of single-layer hybrid PTFE/Nomex fabric/phenolic resin composites underwater
  43. Research on maintenance spare parts requirement prediction based on LSTM recurrent neural network
  44. Quantum computing simulation of the hydrogen molecular ground-state energies with limited resources
  45. A DFT study on the molecular properties of synthetic ester under the electric field
  46. Construction of abundant novel analytical solutions of the space–time fractional nonlinear generalized equal width model via Riemann–Liouville derivative with application of mathematical methods
  47. Some common and dynamic properties of logarithmic Pareto distribution with applications
  48. Soliton structures in optical fiber communications with Kundu–Mukherjee–Naskar model
  49. Fractional modeling of COVID-19 epidemic model with harmonic mean type incidence rate
  50. Liquid metal-based metamaterial with high-temperature sensitivity: Design and computational study
  51. Biosynthesis and characterization of Saudi propolis-mediated silver nanoparticles and their biological properties
  52. New trigonometric B-spline approximation for numerical investigation of the regularized long-wave equation
  53. Modal characteristics of harmonic gear transmission flexspline based on orthogonal design method
  54. Revisiting the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations
  55. Time-periodic pulse electroosmotic flow of Jeffreys fluids through a microannulus
  56. Exact wave solutions of the nonlinear Rosenau equation using an analytical method
  57. Computational examination of Jeffrey nanofluid through a stretchable surface employing Tiwari and Das model
  58. Numerical analysis of a single-mode microring resonator on a YAG-on-insulator
  59. Review Articles
  60. Double-layer coating using MHD flow of third-grade fluid with Hall current and heat source/sink
  61. Analysis of aeromagnetic filtering techniques in locating the primary target in sedimentary terrain: A review
  62. Rapid Communications
  63. Nonlinear fitting of multi-compartmental data using Hooke and Jeeves direct search method
  64. Effect of buried depth on thermal performance of a vertical U-tube underground heat exchanger
  65. Knocking characteristics of a high pressure direct injection natural gas engine operating in stratified combustion mode
  66. What dominates heat transfer performance of a double-pipe heat exchanger
  67. Special Issue on Future challenges of advanced computational modeling on nonlinear physical phenomena - Part II
  68. Lump, lump-one stripe, multiwave and breather solutions for the Hunter–Saxton equation
  69. New quantum integral inequalities for some new classes of generalized ψ-convex functions and their scope in physical systems
  70. Computational fluid dynamic simulations and heat transfer characteristic comparisons of various arc-baffled channels
  71. Gaussian radial basis functions method for linear and nonlinear convection–diffusion models in physical phenomena
  72. Investigation of interactional phenomena and multi wave solutions of the quantum hydrodynamic Zakharov–Kuznetsov model
  73. On the optical solutions to nonlinear Schrödinger equation with second-order spatiotemporal dispersion
  74. Analysis of couple stress fluid flow with variable viscosity using two homotopy-based methods
  75. Quantum estimates in two variable forms for Simpson-type inequalities considering generalized Ψ-convex functions with applications
  76. Series solution to fractional contact problem using Caputo’s derivative
  77. Solitary wave solutions of the ionic currents along microtubule dynamical equations via analytical mathematical method
  78. Thermo-viscoelastic orthotropic constraint cylindrical cavity with variable thermal properties heated by laser pulse via the MGT thermoelasticity model
  79. Theoretical and experimental clues to a flux of Doppler transformation energies during processes with energy conservation
  80. On solitons: Propagation of shallow water waves for the fifth-order KdV hierarchy integrable equation
  81. Special Issue on Transport phenomena and thermal analysis in micro/nano-scale structure surfaces - Part II
  82. Numerical study on heat transfer and flow characteristics of nanofluids in a circular tube with trapezoid ribs
  83. Experimental and numerical study of heat transfer and flow characteristics with different placement of the multi-deck display cabinet in supermarket
  84. Thermal-hydraulic performance prediction of two new heat exchangers using RBF based on different DOE
  85. Diesel engine waste heat recovery system comprehensive optimization based on system and heat exchanger simulation
  86. Load forecasting of refrigerated display cabinet based on CEEMD–IPSO–LSTM combined model
  87. Investigation on subcooled flow boiling heat transfer characteristics in ICE-like conditions
  88. Research on materials of solar selective absorption coating based on the first principle
  89. Experimental study on enhancement characteristics of steam/nitrogen condensation inside horizontal multi-start helical channels
  90. Special Issue on Novel Numerical and Analytical Techniques for Fractional Nonlinear Schrodinger Type - Part I
  91. Numerical exploration of thin film flow of MHD pseudo-plastic fluid in fractional space: Utilization of fractional calculus approach
  92. A Haar wavelet-based scheme for finding the control parameter in nonlinear inverse heat conduction equation
  93. Stable novel and accurate solitary wave solutions of an integrable equation: Qiao model
  94. Novel soliton solutions to the Atangana–Baleanu fractional system of equations for the ISALWs
  95. On the oscillation of nonlinear delay differential equations and their applications
  96. Abundant stable novel solutions of fractional-order epidemic model along with saturated treatment and disease transmission
  97. Fully Legendre spectral collocation technique for stochastic heat equations
  98. Special Issue on 5th International Conference on Mechanics, Mathematics and Applied Physics (2021)
  99. Residual service life of erbium-modified AM50 magnesium alloy under corrosion and stress environment
  100. Special Issue on Advanced Topics on the Modelling and Assessment of Complicated Physical Phenomena - Part I
  101. Diverse wave propagation in shallow water waves with the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili–Benjamin–Bona–Mahony and Benney–Luke integrable models
  102. Intensification of thermal stratification on dissipative chemically heating fluid with cross-diffusion and magnetic field over a wedge
Sign up now to receive a 20% welcome discount
Institutional Access
How does access work?
Have an idea on how to improve our website?
Please write us.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Downloaded on 17.9.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/phys-2021-0091/html
Scroll to top button