Startseite An implementation of an extended theory of planned behavior to investigate consumer behavior on hygiene sanitation-certified livestock food products
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An implementation of an extended theory of planned behavior to investigate consumer behavior on hygiene sanitation-certified livestock food products

  • Candra Pungki Wibowo , Suci Paramitasari Syahlani EMAIL logo und Fransiskus Trisakti Haryadi
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 7. Juni 2024
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Open Agriculture
Aus der Zeitschrift Open Agriculture Band 9 Heft 1

Abstract

Consumer acceptance of food safety has an important role in the success of hygiene sanitation standards with certification of veterinary control number (Nomor Kontrol Veteriner, hereinafter NKV) implementation for livestock-based food products. This study was conducted by applying the extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) to analyze the influence of attitudes toward NKV-certified food products, subjective norms (SN), perceived behavioral control (PBC), intention to buy, buying decision of NKV-certified food products, and knowledge. This study was conducted using a survey design, and data were collected from June to August 2023. Respondents were determined by a purposive sampling method. Data were collected using an online questionnaire and were analyzed with structural equation modeling-partial least squares software. The results showed that attitude toward NKV-certified food products, SN, and PBC influenced the intention to buy NKV-certified food products with β values of 0.377, 0.223, and 0.235, respectively. Then, PBC and intention to buy affected NKV-certified food product purchasing behavior with β = 0.304 and 0.340. Furthermore, knowledge affected attitude with β = 0.828 and purchasing behavior of NKV-certified food products β = 0.315 but did not significantly influence the intention to buy. This research implied that the intervention knowledge variable in TPB is valuable in predicting NKV-certified food product purchasing behavior. Continuous consumer education needs to be carried out by the government and other stakeholders in the food industry, in line with the NKV certification policy.

Keywords: certified food products; attitude; subjective norms; perceived behavioral control; knowledge; purchasing behavior

1 Introduction

Indonesia, with its 270 million people, is the fourth most populous country in the world [1]; therefore, it requires a sufficient availability of food, including food that is a source of animal protein. Hosain et al. [2] explained that high market demand drives the growth of the livestock industry in developing countries. However, as with other developing countries, there is still a lot of bacterial contamination of food which threatens food quality [3], specifically in livestock and fresh and processed products. Therefore, the massive increasing consumption of livestock products in developing countries also becomes a source of foodborne disease in the production process [4]. The Indonesian government enacted a policy to provide food safety guarantee by issuing Minister of Agriculture Regulation No. 11 of 2020. This regulation requires all business actors to submit a Veterinary Control Number (Indonesian abbreviation: NKV) certificate as a legal requirement that producers have passed hygiene and sanitation standards in the production process of food of animal origin. Starting from the time this regulation was established in 2020 until 2023, not many livestock food products, either fresh or processed, have been NKV-certified [5]. Consumer requirement is one of the drivers for produce to obtain safety certification [6], and not all certifications applied to livestock food products are well considered by consumers in fresh and processed food product evaluation [7]. The lack of consumer awareness of food safety is caused by the fact that consumer education did not receive much attention from the government when the NKV certification obligation was established. This is an important part of turning certification into an attribute that consumers consider to be important [8] because a previous study found that NKV certification is the least considered certification in product quality evaluation on processed milk products [7]. Therefore, increasing consumer awareness and knowledge about NKV certification education becomes crucial [5].

The theory of planned behavior (TPB) explains that attitude, subjective norms (SN), and perceived behavioral control (PBC) are the three important variables in predicting intention and buying behavior. TPB has been implemented to predict the buying behavior of halal-certified food products [9,10,11], organic food [12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20], sustainability-certified food [21], and genetically modified organic labeled food [22]. Previous studies have shown that TPB explains the buying behavior of certified food. However, NKV is a certification specifically to guarantee hygiene and sanitation aspects in the food production process, which consumers have not paid much attention to in developing countries. In this research, TPB was extended by adding a knowledge construct. This is important because previous research showed that knowledge increases attitude toward NKV-certified food products and willingness to NKV-certified food products [5]. On this basis, understanding the influence of attitude toward NKV-certified food products, SN, and PBC on purchasing intention of NKV-certified food products and purchasing of NKV-certified food products using the theory of planned behavior needs to be conducted. This research aimed to (1) analyze the influence of attitude toward NKV-certified food products, SN, and PBC to intention to buy NKV-certified food products; (2) analyze the effect of intention to buy NKV-certified food products and PBC to NKV-certified food product purchasing behavior; and (3) analyze the effect of attitude of NKV certification to attitude, intention to buy, and purchasing behavior of NKV-certified food products.

2 Theoretical framework

2.1 Attitude toward NKV-certified food products influences the intention to buy

Attitude is a set of beliefs about a particular object or action that drives the intention to act [23]. This indicates that a relationship exists between attitude and behavioral intention [24]. If a person has a positive attitude toward an action, then he will have a will to implement the behavior. Previous studies show that positive attitudes toward halal-certified food products influence the intention to buy halal food products [9], and certified organic food products [12,17,25], but this evidence was not supported in the context of buying behavior of nutrition-labeled food [26]. A later empirical study in Vietnam shows that attitude has an important contribution in influencing intention to buy food products that are certified safe [27]. Vietnam and Indonesia had similar patterns in livestock food product purchasing, where attitude affects purchasing behavior [28]. Based on this, a hypothesis can be proposed as follows:

H1: Attitudes toward NKV-certified food significantly influence intention to buy NKV-certified food products.

2.2 The effect of SN on intention to buy NKV-certified food products

SN are social pressure that a person feels whether to carry out or not a behavior [23]. Furthermore, SN are perceptions of most people who consider them important to a person and think that he/she should or should not carry out a particular behavior [29,30]. Previous research shows that SN influence intention to buy relatively weaker [31] and even not significantly affect the intention to buy environmentally sustainable certified food products [32]. However, major studies show that SN play a key part in reaching the desired effect on purchasing halal-certified food products [10,33,34,35,36]. Similar results have been found in empirical studies using TPB in predicting intention to buy organic food products that SN play a vital role in influencing purchasing intentions [12,15,20,37,38,39,40,41]. Furthermore, the influence of family members, neighbors, and colleagues contributed to safety-labeled food-buying intention [27]. Based on this, a hypothesis can be proposed as follows:

H2: SN positively influence the intention to buy NKV-certified food products.

2.3 PBC effect on the intention to buy and purchasing behavior

PBC is the ease a person feels when performing a behavior [23]. The more individuals believe they are in a condition that they can control, the easier it is for them to perform the behavior. Consumers have control over engaging in a behavior or preventing it from performing the behavior. In Refs. [42,43], the authors stated that PBC is in line with a person’s perception of the ability to perform a particular behavior. PBC reflects the extent of expected behavior under the influence and control capacity of individuals [39,44]. A previous study has shown that PBC did not influence the intention behavior of soil conservation [45] and safety-labeled food products [27].

In contrast, some studies in the food context found that PBC positively affects the buying intention of organic food [12,39,46,47], halal-certified food [48], and nutrition-labeled food [26]. The more control a person has, the higher the intention to buy. The greater control over purchasing food products, the more likely consumers are to do so. PBC was also found to affect the buying behavior of organic food [25] and environmentally safe food products [49]. Based on this review, the following hypotheses can be proposed.

H3: PBC positively influences the intention to buy NKV-certified food products.

H4: PBC positively affects NKV-certified food product purchasing behavior.

2.4 The influence of intention behavior on purchasing behavior

TPB explains that the formation of behavior is also driven by intention behavior. Ajzen [23] states that intention behavior is the main influencing factor in performing behavior. Intention to buy can be reflected as consumers’ probable behavior for future short-term purchasing behavior [50]. Research on the relationship between intention and behavior has been conducted widely [51,52] and shows that intention positively affects behavior. Regarding this relationship, refs. [25,53,54] explain that the strong intention to buy organic-certified food increases the chances of buying behavior. An empirical study of nutrition-labeled food shows that intention to buy influences product purchasing behavior [26]. Based on this, the hypothesis is proposed as follows.

H5: Intention to buy NKV-certified products positively influences NKV-certified food product purchasing behavior.

2.5 Effect of knowledge on attitude, intention to buy, and purchasing behavior

Knowledge is an important factor in influencing consumer behavior. In organic food industries, knowledge positively affects attitudes toward food products [55,56]. Besides, Smith and Paladino [57] stated that consumer knowledge of social and environmental issues also positively influence the attitude and buying behavior of organic food. Some findings from previous studies strengthen that attitude toward organic food products is influenced by consumer’s knowledge [25,58,59,60,61]. The greater the consumers’ knowledge of organic food, the higher the attitude toward organic food. Knowledge also influences the intention to buy organic food [60,62], certified food [7], and environmentally safe food products [63]. Likewise, D’Souza et al. [64] explained that the greater consumers’ knowledge of the information contained in food labels, the larger the opportunity to purchase that food. Furthermore, consumers’ knowledge of environmentally friendly product attributes influences their buying behavior [66,67]. Based on this, the following hypotheses can be proposed:

H6: Knowledge of NKV certification positively influences attitude toward NKV-certified food products

H7: Knowledge about NKV positively affects the intention to buy NKV-certified food products

H8: Knowledge about NKV positively affects NKV-certified food product purchasing behavior

3 Methods

This research was conducted between June and November 2023 and involved a total of 300 respondents. A questionnaire was developed containing question items related to the respondent’s profile, and the research variables were the following: attitude toward NKV-certified food products, SN, PBC, intention to purchase NKV-certified food products, and NKV-certified food products purchasing behavior. The measurement of the latent variables was carried out using a 5-point Likert scale. The sample was determined by using one of the purposive sampling types, which is a judgment sampling method to select respondents based on their unique characteristics and experiences that are relevant to the research topic [58]. The criteria used to select the respondents were (1) purchasing livestock food products in the last month and (2) a minimum age of 18 years. Data collection was carried out online, and the questionnaire was distributed through social media, possibly consisting of population members.

The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with partial least squares software (PLS). Descriptive analysis was used to get a picture of the respondents’ profiles, while PLS was used to carry out hypothesis testing. PLS works for a relatively small sample size and complex model, does not require multivariate normal distribution, and is suitable for formative and reflective measurements [67]. PLS was used for hypothesis testing due to the capability of PLS to describe a complex relationship of latent variables [68]. This test was carried out by evaluating data according to the criteria of convergent validity and discriminant validity for the measurement model [69]. Hair et al. [70] explained that convergent validity is testing the indicators for the variables being used in the research to ensure that those indicators are interpreted correctly by using 0.5 as the minimum limit for the average convergent validity (AVE) score [24]. Furthermore, discriminant validity was carried out using the Fornell–Larcker criterion with the rule of thumb that the square root of the average variance extracted (AVE) by a construct must be greater than the correlation between the construct and any other construct [69] to indicate that a construct is not highly correlated with other constructs that should be different. Reliability testing was carried out by measuring the consistency of the question items in a construct, and it was measured using composite reliability and Cronbach’s Alpha, using a score of 0.7 as the minimum value [70]. Next, an analysis was carried out to examine the relationship between the constructs; in this case, attitude toward NKV-certified food products, SN, PBC, intention to purchase NKV-certified food products, and purchase behavior toward NKV-certified food products. The relationship test was carried out by observing the size of the original sample value and a t-statistic that is above 1.95 or p-value <0.05.

  1. Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study.

  2. Ethical approval: The research related to human use has complied with all relevant national regulations and institutional policies in accordance with the tenets of the Helsinki Declaration and has been approved by the author’s institutional review board or equivalent committee.

4 Results

4.1 Profile of respondents

Table 1 shows that 84.7% of respondents are aged 18–35 years, while 43.3% are men and 56.7% are women. The majority of respondents (55.7%) have a bachelor’s degree education. In addition, 53% of respondents also have permanent employment; 20.0% have student status, and the rest are housewives or have some other working status.

Table 1

Characteristics of respondents

No Characteristics Number (n) Percentage (%)
1 Age group
18–25 133 44.3
26–35 121 40.4
36–45 31 10.3
46 and above 15 5.0
2 Gender
Woman 170 56.7
Man 130 43.3
3 Level of education
Elementary/middle school 14 4.7
SMA/SMK (senior high school) 74 24.6
Diploma/bachelor 167 55.7
Postgraduate/doctorate 45 15.0
4 Work
Government employees 25 8.4
Private sector employees 82 27.3
Self-employed 52 17.3
Student/student 60 20.0
Housewife 15 5.0
Other 66 22.0

4.2 Measurement of validity and reliability

Table 2 shows the mean average of research indicators and constructs. Table 3 shows that the values for all research constructs are more than 0.5. These results indicate that the indicators used in this research have met the convergent validity criteria, namely that the indicators have agreed to be indicators that measure the intended latent variable [70]. Furthermore, the Fornell–Larcker test shows that all square roots of the AVE were greater than the correlation between the construct and any other construct; therefore, all the constructs had good discriminant validity (Table 4). The reliability test results show that the values for Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability for all constructs are above 0.7, meaning that all reflective indicators are consistent and appropriate as measuring tools for each construct. The R-square value for intention to purchase NKV-certified food products is 0.834, meaning that 83.40% of the intention to purchase NKV-certified food products variable is well explained by attitude toward NKV-certified food products, SN, and PBC. Meanwhile, the R-square value for NKV-certified food products purchasing behavior is 84.80%, indicating that variation in purchasing behavior can be explained well by the predictor variables, namely the intention to purchase and PBC. Then, the intervention of knowledge to the TPB showed that R-square for attitude toward NKV certification was 0.686, meaning that knowledge was able to contribute to explaining the variation of the attitude variable at 68.60%. The predictive relevance (Q-square) value for intention to purchase is 0.798, and for purchase behavior, it is 0.816. Both values indicate high predictive relevance, above 0.35. These results also confirmed that the theory of planned behavior was relevant to predicting the purchasing behavior of NKV-certified products. Furthermore, the intervention latent variable of knowledge into the theory of planned behavior showed a well-constructed model in predicting NKV-certified food product purchasing behavior.

Table 2

Mean and deviation standard of latent variable indicators

Latent variables and indicators Mean Standard deviation
Attitude toward NKV-certified food products (AT)
AT1 I feel that buying NKV-certified livestock-based food products is a wise action 3.750 1.192
AT2 I support people buying NKV-certified livestock-based food products 3.750 1.239
AT3 I believe that the NKV certification label is an indicator of food safety 3.750 1.236
Subjective norms (SN)
SN1 My family and relatives think that I should buy NKV-certified livestock-based food products 3.473 1.247
SN2 My friends think that I should buy NKV-certified livestock-based food products 3.493 1.199
SN3 The government encourages people to consume NKV-certified livestock-based food products 3.530 1.190
SN4 Communication media (media-social, television, magazine, newspaper) support to buy NKV-certified livestock-based food products 3.447 1.252
SN5 Health experts (doctors, nutritionists, and health practitioners) support buying NKV-certified livestock-based food products 3.510 1.245
Perceived behavioral control (PBC)
PBC1 I am able to make sure that livestock-food products I buy are safe to consume 3.750 1.211
PBC2 When I buy livestock-based food products, I can identify which one is NKV-certified 3.440 1.260
PBC3 For me, to get NKV-certified products around my place is easy 3.300 1.168
PBC4 Buying NKV-certified food products does not make my spending increase significantly 3.430 1.137
Intention to buy NKV-certified food products (IB)
IB1 I plan to rebuy NKV-certified livestock food products 3.630 1.183
IB2 I will recommend NKV-certified food products to my friends/relatives 3.647 1.155
IB3 I will choose NKV-certified food products as my first choice when I go shopping 3.483 1.201
NKV-certified food products purchasing behavior of (PB)
PB 1 I frequently buy NKV-certified food products 3.383 1.210
PB 2 I always buy NKV-certified food products 3.100 1.201
PB 3 I choose NKV-certified food products when it is available at the same price as the one not certified 3.623 1.273
PB 4 I do not mind buying again with higher prices for NKV-certified food products 3.380 1.144
Knowledge of NKV certification (KN)
KN1 I understand that NKV-certified food products are safe to be consumed 3.607 1.230
KN2 I can distinguish NKV-certified food and which has not yet been certified 3.297 1.201
KN3 I noticed the logo of NKV certification 3.477 1.320
Table 3

Overview of measurement model

Variable Cronbach’s alpha Composite reliability AVE R-squared (R 2) Q-squared (Q 2)
Attitude toward NKV-certified food products 0.933 0.933 0.882 0.686 0.683
Intention to buy NKV-certified food products 0.926 0.926 0.871 0.848 0.798
NKV-certified food product purchasing behavior 0.909 0.910 0.786 0.834 0.816
Perceived behavioral control 0.902 0.903 0.773
Knowledge of NKV Certification 0.921 0.923 0.864
Subjective norms 0.932 0.933 0.787
Table 4

Results of Fornell–Larcker discriminant validity test

Variable At IB PB PBC Kn SN
At 0.939
IB 0.886 0.934
PB 0.833 0.864 0.887
PBC 0.862 0.874 0.879 0.879
KN 0.828 0.835 0.864 0.870 0.929
SN 0.864 0.865 0.848 0.871 0.811 0.887

At: attitude toward NKV-certified food products; SN: subjective norms; PBC: perceived behavioral control; IB: intention to buy NKV-certified food products; PB: NKV-certified food products purchasing behavior KN: knowledge of NKV certification.

4.3 Hypothesis testing

Structural model result is shown in Table 5. Measurement and structural model analysis is shown in Figure 1.

5 Discussion

The analysis results listed in Table 5 and Figure 1 show that all t-statistic values except H7 are greater than 1.96, which means that these hypotheses were supported. Attitude toward NKV-certified food products, SN, and PBC influenced the intention to purchase NKV-certified food products with β values of 0.377, 0.223, and 0.235, respectively. Then, PBC and intention to buy affected purchasing behavior had β values of 0.340 and 0.304. The intervention of knowledge in the theory of planned behavior showed that knowledge influenced attitude toward NKV-certified products (β = 0.828) and purchasing behavior (β = 0.315), but not significant in intention to buy (β = 0.138). Furthermore, R 2 for attitude was 0.686, intention to buy was 0.848, and NKV-certified purchasing behavior was 0.834 (Table 3). The values of R2 showed that the research predictor latent variables meaningfully explained the variables, as Hair et al. [70] determined that the value of R 2 more than 0.50 and 0.75 can be categorized as contributing moderate and substantial to explain variables (Table 4).

Table 5

Structural model result

Hypo-thesis Variable Original sample (O) T-statistics (O/STDEV) p-values
H1 Attitude toward NKV-certified food products → Intention to buy NKV-certified food products 0.377 4.859 0.000
H2 SN → Intention to buy NKV-certified food products 0.223 3.202 0.001
H3 PBC → Intention to buy NKV-certified food products 0.235 3.186 0.002
H4 PBC → NKV-certified food product purchasing behavior 0.340 4.636 0.001
H5 Intention to buy NKV-certified food products → NKV-certified food product purchasing behavior 0.304 3.618 0.000
H6 Knowledge of NKV certification → Attitude toward NKV-certified food products 0.828 35.916 0.000
H7 Knowledge of certification → Intention to buy NKV-certified food products 0.138 1.960 0.051
H8 Knowledge of NKV certification → NKV-certified food product purchasing behavior 0.315 4.225 0.000
Figure 1 Measurement and structural model analysis.
Figure 1

Measurement and structural model analysis.

The influence of attitude toward NKV-certified food products on intention to purchase NKV-certified food products is greater than that of SN and PBC. This result is in line with research in Refs. [27,49,71], which explains that attitude is the main determinant of the formation of intention to buy, which means attitude influences behavior indirectly. Attitude as a predictor variable has been widely examined to study the impact of attitude on intention to purchase, such as those used in studies of organic certificates [19], international protection marking certificates [19], halal certificates [9,10], and security certificates [18]. Moreover, Sousa et al. [49] explained that attitude toward reading food labels determines the intention of consumers to use labeled food to make healthy choices. Nevertheless, attitude is not necessarily the only factor that influences intention; and other determining factors are SN and PBC [64].

The influence of SN in a previous study [72] showed that SN affect the purchasing of organic food. Similarly, in this research, even though the influence of SN was lower than attitude, this study found that respondents had positive pressure from the norms in their surrounding human environment to make purchases, thereby increasing the desire to purchase NKV-certified food products. This study was conducted in Indonesia; therefore, the role of SN still exists, as Ngo et al. [27] explained that the impact of social pressure on the buying process occurs more in developing countries because people prefer to interact with their local community to share information and experiences regarding food purchases. Pressure due to norms also comes from people who are considered important, including family members and peers [73]. Additionally, refs. [26,27,64] also revealed that consumers rely on evaluations or opinions of neighbors besides family members and colleagues. The results showed that the average perception that family, friends, government, and health experts encouraged respondents to consume NKV-certified was high, at 3.4–3.5, meaning norm pressure existed.

Furthermore, the influence of PBC on intention to buy was supported (β = 0.340) and also to NKV-certified food product purchase behavior (β = 0.304). The influence of PBC on NKV-certified purchasing behavior was greater than on purchasing intention, with β = 0.340 compared to β = 0.304. Product certification is generally printed or affixed to the package as NKV certification is and contains visual information to enable direct communication with consumers, thus giving consumers control over the ability to purchase NKV-certified products directly [74]. PBC is related to past experiences and individual anticipation to overcome obstacles [23], which, in the food context, is to overcome the possibility of consuming food that is contaminated by bacteria, which generally occurs in developing countries. Refs. [3,26] showed that perceived control over time and money positively influences the intention to buy nutrition-labeled food products. Currently, in Indonesia, livestock products are a basic necessity for daily life literature; therefore, based on the experience and the desire to overcome an obstacle, it is possible for spontaneous purchase behavior to occur due to the influence of PBC without going through the mediation of the purchase intention variable first. Consumers’ ease of noticing that products have passed safety quality control increases food buying behavior [75].

Moreover, the intervention of knowledge in the theory of planned behavior explains that knowledge has an important role in influencing decision-making indirectly through attitude or directly to purchasing behavior. This result is in line with that of Ref. [74], which states that consumers with sufficient knowledge of food-related hazards are aware of the importance of certified labeled food. Consumers' knowledge of food safety influences attitudes toward certified food products [25,75]. This strongly increases consumers’ attitudes toward certified food and drives them to buy NKV-certified food directly [5]. Earlier studies support this finding that higher knowledge of environmental products increases the purchasing of green products [63,65,66].

Based on the results and discussion, this research concluded that attitude toward NKV-certified food products, SN, and PBC influence the intention to purchase NKV-certified food products. Furthermore, the intention to buy certified food products and PBC influences NKV-certified product purchase behavior. Besides, this research disclosed that knowledge is important in the decision-making process of NKV-certified food purchasing behavior through attitude, intention to buy, or directly influence purchasing behavior. The extension theory of planned behavior could explain attitude toward NKV-certified food behavior by 68.60%, intention to buy by 84.80%, and NKV-certified products purchasing behavior by 83.40%, respectively.

This research revealed that PBC, intention to buy, and knowledge of NKV were essential factors in determining the purchasing behavior of NKV-certified food products. Besides the contribution of TPB in predicting purchasing behavior, this research revealed that consumer knowledge about the certification of hygiene sanitation plays a crucial role. The knowledge embedded in a person’s mind strongly affects attitude, which is also one of the main predictors of intention to buy. In other words, the probability of certified food purchasing behavior increases if the consumer has better knowledge of certification.

Regarding the food safety aspect in developing countries, such as Indonesia, the government is not sufficiently focused on the obligation of livestock food producers. The government needs to pay attention to the market readiness. This study found consumer with sufficient knowledge, attitude, and control over their resource to purchase will appreciate product hygiene-sanitation features. Therefore, this study recommends that the government, farmers, and other stakeholders are necessary to carry out continuous and intensive NKV education to develop community awareness of NKV certification and various health problems related to hygiene aspects. This education can be expected to increase consumer preference for NKV-certified products. Furthermore, as another policy implementation of this study, the government needs to create and deliver incentives for the farmers to keep competitive prices. Market expansion for NKV-certified food could be developed by requiring the business market to use NKV-certified products for processing and selling to end consumers.

  1. Funding information: This project has received funding from Universitas Gadjah Mada, “Rekognisi Tugas Akhir” program under contract number 5075/UN1.P.II/Dit-Lit/PT.01.01/2023.

  2. Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and consented to its submission to the journal, reviewed all the results and approved the final version of the manuscript. CPW has contributed to designing the research model, developing questionnaires, data collection, data analysis, and writing the paper. SPS has contributed to developing research models and questionnaires, interpreting data, and enriching the discussion. FTH has supported research model development and data interpretation.

  3. Conflict of interest: Authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Informed consent: Informed consent was obtained from all individuals included in this study.

  5. Ethical approval: The research related to human use has complied with all relevant national regulations and institutional policies in accordance with the tenets of the Helsinki Declaration and has been approved by the author s institutional review board or equivalent committee.

  6. Data availability statement: The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Received: 2024-01-31
Revised: 2024-05-11
Accepted: 2024-05-13
Published Online: 2024-06-07

© 2024 the author(s), published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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  133. A review of storage temperature and relative humidity effects on shelf life and quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit and implications for nutrition insecurity in Ethiopia
  134. Green extraction of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) phytochemicals: Prospective strategies and roadblocks
  135. Potential influence of nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and yield components of carrot (Dacus carota L.) in Ethiopia: Systematic review
  136. Corn silk: A promising source of antimicrobial compounds for health and wellness
  137. State and contours of research on roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in Africa
  138. The potential of phosphorus-solubilizing purple nonsulfur bacteria in agriculture: Present and future perspectives
  139. Minor millets: Processing techniques and their nutritional and health benefits
  140. Meta-analysis of reproductive performance of improved dairy cattle under Ethiopian environmental conditions
  141. Review on enhancing the efficiency of fertilizer utilization: Strategies for optimal nutrient management
  142. The nutritional, phytochemical composition, and utilisation of different parts of maize: A comparative analysis
  143. Motivations for farmers’ participation in agri-environmental scheme in the EU, literature review
  144. Evolution of climate-smart agriculture research: A science mapping exploration and network analysis
  145. Short Communications
  146. Music enrichment improves the behavior and leukocyte profile of dairy cattle
  147. Effect of pruning height and organic fertilization on the morphological and productive characteristics of Moringa oleifera Lam. in the Peruvian dry tropics
  148. Corrigendum
  149. Corrigendum to “Bioinformatics investigation of the effect of volatile and non-volatile compounds of rhizobacteria in inhibiting late embryogenesis abundant protein that induces drought tolerance”
  150. Corrigendum to “Composition and quality of winter annual agrestal and ruderal herbages of two different land-use types”
  151. Special issue: Smart Agriculture System for Sustainable Development: Methods and Practices
  152. Construction of a sustainable model to predict the moisture content of porang powder (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) based on pointed-scan visible near-infrared spectroscopy
  153. FruitVision: A deep learning based automatic fruit grading system
  154. Energy harvesting and ANFIS modeling of a PVDF/GO-ZNO piezoelectric nanogenerator on a UAV
  155. Effects of stress hormones on digestibility and performance in cattle: A review
  156. Special Issue of The 4th International Conference on Food Science and Engineering (ICFSE) 2022 - Part II
  157. Assessment of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid profiles and ratio of omega-6/omega-3 of white eggs produced by laying hens fed diets enriched with omega-3 rich vegetable oil
  158. Special Issue on FCEM - International Web Conference on Food Choice & Eating Motivation - Part II
  159. Special Issue on FCEM – International Web Conference on Food Choice & Eating Motivation: Message from the editor
  160. Fruit and vegetable consumption: Study involving Portuguese and French consumers
  161. Knowledge about consumption of milk: Study involving consumers from two European Countries – France and Portugal
https://doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0302
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certified food products; attitude; subjective norms; perceived behavioral control; knowledge; purchasing behavior
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Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Regular Articles
  2. Supplementation of P-solubilizing purple nonsulfur bacteria, Rhodopseudomonas palustris improved soil fertility, P nutrient, growth, and yield of Cucumis melo L.
  3. Yield gap variation in rice cultivation in Indonesia
  4. Effects of co-inoculation of indole-3-acetic acid- and ammonia-producing bacteria on plant growth and nutrition, soil elements, and the relationships of soil microbiomes with soil physicochemical parameters
  5. Impact of mulching and planting time on spring-wheat (Triticum aestivum) growth: A combined field experiment and empirical modeling approach
  6. Morphological diversity, correlation studies, and multiple-traits selection for yield and yield components of local cowpea varieties
  7. Participatory on-farm evaluation of new orange-fleshed sweetpotato varieties in Southern Ethiopia
  8. Yield performance and stability analysis of three cultivars of Gayo Arabica coffee across six different environments
  9. Biology of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on different types of plants feeds: Potency as a pest on various agricultural plants
  10. Antidiabetic activity of methanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn. fruit in alloxan-induced Swiss albino diabetic mice
  11. Bioinformatics investigation of the effect of volatile and non-volatile compounds of rhizobacteria in inhibiting late embryogenesis abundant protein that induces drought tolerance
  12. Nicotinamide as a biostimulant improves soybean growth and yield
  13. Farmer’s willingness to accept the sustainable zoning-based organic farming development plan: A lesson from Sleman District, Indonesia
  14. Uncovering hidden determinants of millennial farmers’ intentions in running conservation agriculture: An application of the Norm Activation Model
  15. Mediating role of leadership and group capital between human capital component and sustainability of horticultural agribusiness institutions in Indonesia
  16. Biochar technology to increase cassava crop productivity: A study of sustainable agriculture on degraded land
  17. Effect of struvite on the growth of green beans on Mars and Moon regolith simulants
  18. UrbanAgriKG: A knowledge graph on urban agriculture and its embeddings
  19. Provision of loans and credit by cocoa buyers under non-price competition: Cocoa beans market in Ghana
  20. Effectiveness of micro-dosing of lime on selected chemical properties of soil in Banja District, North West, Ethiopia
  21. Effect of weather, nitrogen fertilizer, and biostimulators on the root size and yield components of Hordeum vulgare
  22. Effects of selected biostimulants on qualitative and quantitative parameters of nine cultivars of the genus Capsicum spp.
  23. Growth, yield, and secondary metabolite responses of three shallot cultivars at different watering intervals
  24. Design of drainage channel for effective use of land on fully mechanized sugarcane plantations: A case study at Bone Sugarcane Plantation
  25. Technical feasibility and economic benefit of combined shallot seedlings techniques in Indonesia
  26. Control of Meloidogyne javanica in banana by endophytic bacteria
  27. Comparison of important quality components of red-flesh kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) in different locations
  28. Efficiency of rice farming in flood-prone areas of East Java, Indonesia
  29. Comparative analysis of alpine agritourism in Trentino, Tyrol, and South Tyrol: Regional variations and prospects
  30. Detection of Fusarium spp. infection in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) during postharvest storage through visible–near-infrared and shortwave–near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy
  31. Forage yield, seed, and forage qualitative traits evaluation by determining the optimal forage harvesting stage in dual-purpose cultivation in safflower varieties (Carthamus tinctorius L.)
  32. The influence of tourism on the development of urban space: Comparison in Hanoi, Danang, and Ho Chi Minh City
  33. Optimum intra-row spacing and clove size for the economical production of garlic (Allium sativum L.) in Northwestern Highlands of Ethiopia
  34. The role of organic rice farm income on farmer household welfare: Evidence from Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  35. Exploring innovative food in a developing country: Edible insects as a sustainable option
  36. Genotype by environment interaction and performance stability of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars grown in Dawuro zone, Southwestern Ethiopia
  37. Factors influencing green, environmentally-friendly consumer behaviour
  38. Factors affecting coffee farmers’ access to financial institutions: The case of Bandung Regency, Indonesia
  39. Morphological and yield trait-based evaluation and selection of chili (Capsicum annuum L.) genotypes suitable for both summer and winter seasons
  40. Sustainability analysis and decision-making strategy for swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis carabauesis) conservation in Jambi Province, Indonesia
  41. Understanding factors affecting rice purchasing decisions in Indonesia: Does rice brand matter?
  42. An implementation of an extended theory of planned behavior to investigate consumer behavior on hygiene sanitation-certified livestock food products
  43. Information technology adoption in Indonesia’s small-scale dairy farms
  44. Draft genome of a biological control agent against Bipolaris sorokiniana, the causal phytopathogen of spot blotch in wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum): Bacillus inaquosorum TSO22
  45. Assessment of the recurrent mutagenesis efficacy of sesame crosses followed by isolation and evaluation of promising genetic resources for use in future breeding programs
  46. Fostering cocoa industry resilience: A collaborative approach to managing farm gate price fluctuations in West Sulawesi, Indonesia
  47. Field investigation of component failures for selected farm machinery used in small rice farming operations
  48. Near-infrared technology in agriculture: Rapid, simultaneous, and non-destructive determination of inner quality parameters on intact coffee beans
  49. The synergistic application of sucrose and various LED light exposures to enhance the in vitro growth of Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni)
  50. Weather index-based agricultural insurance for flower farmers: Willingness to pay, sales, and profitability perspectives
  51. Meta-analysis of dietary Bacillus spp. on serum biochemical and antioxidant status and egg quality of laying hens
  52. Biochemical characterization of trypsin from Indonesian skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) viscera
  53. Determination of C-factor for conventional cultivation and soil conservation technique used in hop gardens
  54. Empowering farmers: Unveiling the economic impacts of contract farming on red chilli farmers’ income in Magelang District, Indonesia
  55. Evaluating salt tolerance in fodder crops: A field experiment in the dry land
  56. Labor productivity of lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) farmers in Central Java Province, Indonesia
  57. Cropping systems and production assessment in southern Myanmar: Informing strategic interventions
  58. The effect of biostimulants and red mud on the growth and yield of shallots in post-unlicensed gold mining soil
  59. Effects of dietary Adansonia digitata L. (baobab) seed meal on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  60. Analysis and structural characterization of the vid-pisco market
  61. Pseudomonas fluorescens SP007s enhances defense responses against the soybean bacterial pustule caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines
  62. A brief investigation on the prospective of co-composted biochar as a fertilizer for Zucchini plants cultivated in arid sandy soil
  63. Supply chain efficiency of red chilies in the production center of Sleman Indonesia based on performance measurement system
  64. Investment development path for developed economies: Is agriculture different?
  65. Power relations among actors in laying hen business in Indonesia: A MACTOR analysis
  66. High-throughput digital imaging and detection of morpho-physiological traits in tomato plants under drought
  67. Converting compression ignition engine to dual-fuel (diesel + CNG) engine and experimentally investigating its performance and emissions
  68. Structuration, risk management, and institutional dynamics in resolving palm oil conflicts
  69. Spacing strategies for enhancing drought resilience and yield in maize agriculture
  70. Composition and quality of winter annual agrestal and ruderal herbages of two different land-use types
  71. Investigating Spodoptera spp. diversity, percentage of attack, and control strategies in the West Java, Indonesia, corn cultivation
  72. Yield stability of biofertilizer treatments to soybean in the rainy season based on the GGE biplot
  73. Evaluating agricultural yield and economic implications of varied irrigation depths on maize yield in semi-arid environments, at Birfarm, Upper Blue Nile, Ethiopia
  74. Chemometrics for mapping the spatial nitrate distribution on the leaf lamina of fenugreek grown under varying nitrogenous fertilizer doses
  75. Pomegranate peel ethanolic extract: A promising natural antioxidant, antimicrobial agent, and novel approach to mitigate rancidity in used edible oils
  76. Transformative learning and engagement with organic farming: Lessons learned from Indonesia
  77. Tourism in rural areas as a broader concept: Some insights from the Portuguese reality
  78. Assessment enhancing drought tolerance in henna (Lawsonia inermis L.) ecotypes through sodium nitroprusside foliar application
  79. Edible insects: A survey about perceptions regarding possible beneficial health effects and safety concerns among adult citizens from Portugal and Romania
  80. Phenological stages analysis in peach trees using electronic nose
  81. Harvest date and salicylic acid impact on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) properties under different humidity conditions
  82. Hibiscus sabdariffa L. petal biomass: A green source of nanoparticles of multifarious potential
  83. Use of different vegetation indices for the evaluation of the kinetics of the cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) growth based on multispectral images by UAV
  84. First evidence of microplastic pollution in mangrove sediments and its ingestion by coral reef fish: Case study in Biawak Island, Indonesia
  85. Physical and textural properties and sensory acceptability of wheat bread partially incorporated with unripe non-commercial banana cultivars
  86. Cereibacter sphaeroides ST16 and ST26 were used to solubilize insoluble P forms to improve P uptake, growth, and yield of rice in acidic and extreme saline soil
  87. Avocado peel by-product in cattle diets and supplementation with oregano oil and effects on production, carcass, and meat quality
  88. Optimizing inorganic blended fertilizer application for the maximum grain yield and profitability of bread wheat and food barley in Dawuro Zone, Southwest Ethiopia
  89. The acceptance of social media as a channel of communication and livestock information for sheep farmers
  90. Adaptation of rice farmers to aging in Thailand
  91. Combined use of improved maize hybrids and nitrogen application increases grain yield of maize, under natural Striga hermonthica infestation
  92. From aquatic to terrestrial: An examination of plant diversity and ecological shifts
  93. Statistical modelling of a tractor tractive performance during ploughing operation on a tropical Alfisol
  94. Participation in artisanal diamond mining and food security: A case study of Kasai Oriental in DR Congo
  95. Assessment and multi-scenario simulation of ecosystem service values in Southwest China’s mountainous and hilly region
  96. Analysis of agricultural emissions and economic growth in Europe in search of ecological balance
  97. Bacillus thuringiensis strains with high insecticidal activity against insect larvae of the orders Coleoptera and Lepidoptera
  98. Technical efficiency of sugarcane farming in East Java, Indonesia: A bootstrap data envelopment analysis
  99. Comparison between mycobiota diversity and fungi and mycotoxin contamination of maize and wheat
  100. Evaluation of cultivation technology package and corn variety based on agronomy characters and leaf green indices
  101. Exploring the association between the consumption of beverages, fast foods, sweets, fats, and oils and the risk of gastric and pancreatic cancers: Findings from case–control study
  102. Phytochemical composition and insecticidal activity of Acokanthera oblongifolia (Hochst.) Benth & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks. extract on life span and biological aspects of Spodoptera littoralis (Biosd.)
  103. Land use management solutions in response to climate change: Case study in the central coastal areas of Vietnam
  104. Evaluation of coffee pulp as a feed ingredient for ruminants: A meta-analysis
  105. Interannual variations of normalized difference vegetation index and potential evapotranspiration and their relationship in the Baghdad area
  106. Harnessing synthetic microbial communities with nitrogen-fixing activity to promote rice growth
  107. Agronomic and economic benefits of rice–sweetpotato rotation in lowland rice cropping systems in Uganda
  108. Response of potato tuber as an effect of the N-fertilizer and paclobutrazol application in medium altitude
  109. Bridging the gap: The role of geographic proximity in enhancing seed sustainability in Bandung District
  110. Evaluation of Abrams curve in agricultural sector using the NARDL approach
  111. Challenges and opportunities for young farmers in the implementation of the Rural Development Program 2014–2020 of the Republic of Croatia
  112. Yield stability of ten common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes at different sowing dates in Lubumbashi, South-East of DR Congo
  113. Effects of encapsulation and combining probiotics with different nitrate forms on methane emission and in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics
  114. Phytochemical analysis of Bienertia sinuspersici extract and its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities
  115. Evaluation of relative drought tolerance of grapevines by leaf fluorescence parameters
  116. Yield assessment of new streak-resistant topcross maize hybrids in Benin
  117. Improvement of cocoa powder properties through ultrasonic- and microwave-assisted alkalization
  118. Potential of ecoenzymes made from nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) leaf and pulp waste as bioinsecticides for Periplaneta americana
  119. Analysis of farm performance to realize the sustainability of organic cabbage vegetable farming in Getasan Semarang, Indonesia
  120. Revealing the influences of organic amendment-derived dissolved organic matter on growth and nutrient accumulation in lettuce seedlings (Lactuca sativa L.)
  121. Identification of viruses infecting sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.) in Benin
  122. Assessing the soil physical and chemical properties of long-term pomelo orchard based on tree growth
  123. Investigating access and use of digital tools for agriculture among rural farmers: A case study of Nkomazi Municipality, South Africa
  124. Does sex influence the impact of dietary vitD3 and UVB light on performance parameters and welfare indicators of broilers?
  125. Design of intelligent sprayer control for an autonomous farming drone using a multiclass support vector machine
  126. Deciphering salt-responsive NB-ARC genes in rice transcriptomic data: A bioinformatics approach with gene expression validation
  127. Review Articles
  128. Impact of nematode infestation in livestock production and the role of natural feed additives – A review
  129. Role of dietary fats in reproductive, health, and nutritional benefits in farm animals: A review
  130. Climate change and adaptive strategies on viticulture (Vitis spp.)
  131. The false tiger of almond, Monosteira unicostata (Hemiptera: Tingidae): Biology, ecology, and control methods
  132. A systematic review on potential analogy of phytobiomass and soil carbon evaluation methods: Ethiopia insights
  133. A review of storage temperature and relative humidity effects on shelf life and quality of mango (Mangifera indica L.) fruit and implications for nutrition insecurity in Ethiopia
  134. Green extraction of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) phytochemicals: Prospective strategies and roadblocks
  135. Potential influence of nitrogen fertilizer rates on yield and yield components of carrot (Dacus carota L.) in Ethiopia: Systematic review
  136. Corn silk: A promising source of antimicrobial compounds for health and wellness
  137. State and contours of research on roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) in Africa
  138. The potential of phosphorus-solubilizing purple nonsulfur bacteria in agriculture: Present and future perspectives
  139. Minor millets: Processing techniques and their nutritional and health benefits
  140. Meta-analysis of reproductive performance of improved dairy cattle under Ethiopian environmental conditions
  141. Review on enhancing the efficiency of fertilizer utilization: Strategies for optimal nutrient management
  142. The nutritional, phytochemical composition, and utilisation of different parts of maize: A comparative analysis
  143. Motivations for farmers’ participation in agri-environmental scheme in the EU, literature review
  144. Evolution of climate-smart agriculture research: A science mapping exploration and network analysis
  145. Short Communications
  146. Music enrichment improves the behavior and leukocyte profile of dairy cattle
  147. Effect of pruning height and organic fertilization on the morphological and productive characteristics of Moringa oleifera Lam. in the Peruvian dry tropics
  148. Corrigendum
  149. Corrigendum to “Bioinformatics investigation of the effect of volatile and non-volatile compounds of rhizobacteria in inhibiting late embryogenesis abundant protein that induces drought tolerance”
  150. Corrigendum to “Composition and quality of winter annual agrestal and ruderal herbages of two different land-use types”
  151. Special issue: Smart Agriculture System for Sustainable Development: Methods and Practices
  152. Construction of a sustainable model to predict the moisture content of porang powder (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) based on pointed-scan visible near-infrared spectroscopy
  153. FruitVision: A deep learning based automatic fruit grading system
  154. Energy harvesting and ANFIS modeling of a PVDF/GO-ZNO piezoelectric nanogenerator on a UAV
  155. Effects of stress hormones on digestibility and performance in cattle: A review
  156. Special Issue of The 4th International Conference on Food Science and Engineering (ICFSE) 2022 - Part II
  157. Assessment of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid profiles and ratio of omega-6/omega-3 of white eggs produced by laying hens fed diets enriched with omega-3 rich vegetable oil
  158. Special Issue on FCEM - International Web Conference on Food Choice & Eating Motivation - Part II
  159. Special Issue on FCEM – International Web Conference on Food Choice & Eating Motivation: Message from the editor
  160. Fruit and vegetable consumption: Study involving Portuguese and French consumers
  161. Knowledge about consumption of milk: Study involving consumers from two European Countries – France and Portugal
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Heruntergeladen am 25.10.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/opag-2022-0302/html?lang=de
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