Startseite Crystal structure of 3,5-bis(t-butyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-amine, C11H21N3
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Crystal structure of 3,5-bis(t-butyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-amine, C11H21N3

  • Kiyoshi Fujisawa ORCID logo EMAIL logo , Shuto Sugihara ORCID logo und Edward R. T. Tiekink ORCID logo EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 7. März 2025

Abstract

C11H21N3, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 11.2439(9) Å, b = 9.7110(6) Å, c = 11.9008(9) Å, β = 112.832(9), V = 1197.63(17) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0775, wRref(F2) = 0.2318, T = 178 K.

CCDC no.: 2424010

The molecular structure is shown in the figure. Table 1 contains crystallographic data.

1 Source of material

The synthesis of (I) was accomplished in a three-step process. LHpzH, 3,5-bis(t-butyl)-1H-pyrazole, was obtained by a modified literature method, 5 by the reaction of 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione (10.0 g, 54.3 mmol) with hydrazine monohydrate (8.8 mL, 181 mmol, 3.3 equiv.) in ethanol (35 mL) at 373 K for 8 h. After the reaction, the solution was dried under vacuum. Crystallization was carried out at 273 K from dichloromethane solution to yield colourless crystals (8.71 g, 48.3 mmol, 89 % yield). 1H NMR (CDCl3, 500 MHz): δ 1.30 (s, 18H, C(CH3)3), 5.90 (s, 1H, pz-4H), amine-NH not observed. IR (KBr, cm−1): 3234 s ν(N–H), 2966 s ν(C–H), 2904 s ν(C–H), 2866 s ν(C–H), 1570 s ν(C=N). LNO 2 pzH, 3,5-bis(t-butyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-nitro, was obtained by a modified literature method. 6 The nitration reaction of LHpzH (5.00 g, 27.7 mmol) was achieved using a mixture of concentrated nitric acid (8 mL) and concentrated sulfuric acid (18 mL). After heating at 373 K for 3 h, the cooled reaction mixture was neutralised with sodium hydroxide solution. After the filtration of the precipitated yellow-white powder, the obtained powder was carefully washed with distilled water. Crystallization from dichloromethane solution at 273 K yielded pale-yellow crystals (4.38 g 19.4 mmol, 70 % yield). Anal. calcd. for C11H19N3O2: C 58.64, H 8.50, N 18.65 %. Found: C 58.43, H 8.68, N 18.70 %. 1H NMR (CDCl3, 500 MHz): δ 1.40 (s, 18H, C(CH3)3), NH not observed. IR (KBr, cm−1): 3288 s ν(N–H), 2965 s ν(C–H), 2932 s ν(C–H), 2872 s ν(C–H), 1561 s ν(C=N). LNH2pzH 3,5-bis(t-butyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-amine (I), was obtained by a hydrogenation reaction with palladium on carbon (10 %) catalyst under H2 (1 atm). After drying, LNO2pzH (1.00 g, 4.44 mmol) and Pd/C catalyst (1.0 g) were suspended in methanol (30 mL), and the atmosphere was changed from Ar to H2. The reaction was performed for 45 h at room temperature. The obtained reaction mixture was filtered through Celite to remove undissolved solids. The filtrate was crystallized at 243 K to yield a colourless powder (0.54 g, 2.76 mmol, 62 % yield). Crystals suitable for single crystal analysis were obtained from its methanol solution held at 243 K. Anal. calcd. for C11H21N3·1/3(H2O) (bulk material): C 65.63, H 10.85, N 20.87 %. Found: C 65.86, H 10.84, N 20.64 %. 1 H NMR (CDCl3, 500 MHz): δ 1.30 (s, 18H, C(CH3)3), NH not observed. IR (KBr, cm−1): 3424 s ν(NH2), 3284 s ν(N–H), 2962 s ν(C–H), 2930 s ν(C–H), 2867 s ν(C–H), 1577 s ν(C=N).

Table 1:

Data collection and handling.

Crystal: Colourless block
Size: 0.39 × 0.24 × 0.17 mm
Wavelength: MoKα radiation (0.71073 Å)
μ: 0.07 mm−1
Diffractometer, scan mode: Rigaku XtaLAB P200, ω scan
θmax, completeness: 27.5°, 100 %
N(hkl)measured, N(hkl)unique, Rint: 8,825, 2,739, 0.037
Criterion for Iobs, N(hkl)gt: Iobs > 2 σ(Iobs), 1971
N(param)refined: 158
Programs: CrysAlisPRO, 1 Il Milone 2 , Shelx 3 , WinGx 4

2 Experimental details

The C-bound H atoms were geometrically placed (C–H = 0.98 Å) and refined as riding with Uiso (H) = 1.5Ueq (C). The coordinates of the N-bound H atom were refined freely and with Uiso (H) = 1.2Ueq (N). Near the conclusion of the refinement, three residual electron density peaks, in positions rotated by approximately 60 to the C8-t-butyl group were evident. These were refined isotropically. The second orientation of the C8-t-butyl group converged with a site occupancy = 0.151(6). Owing to poor agreement, one reflection, i.e. (−1 3 3), was omitted from the final cycles of refinement.

3 Discussion

The functionalisation of pyrazole, an important five-membered heterocycle containing two adjacent nitrogen atoms, is an attractive research area with much work accomplished over the last few decades. Recent work has focussed upon incorporating an amino group as a functional substituent in the ring. Thus, the structure of 3,5-bis(propan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-amine (II) (denoted as L1NH2pzH) 7 and its cobalt dichlorido complex [CoCl2(L1NH2pzH)2] 8 were reported recently. Herein, the synthesis and structure of the title pyrazole, 3,5-bis(t-butyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-amine, LNH2pzH, (I), with more bulky tert-butyl substituents in the 3- and 5-positions of the pyrazolyl ring, are described.

After the nitration reaction of LHpzH with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid, the known compound LNO2pzH was obtained in 70 % yield. 6 The hydrogenation reaction of LNO2pzH with palladium on carbon (10 %) catalyst under an H2 (1 atm) atmosphere yielded a colourless powder of LNH2pzH in 62 % yield. The related compound (II) was also obtained from L1NO2pzH by the hydrogenation reaction with palladium on carbon (10 %) catalyst in 76 % yield and also through reduction of L1NO2pzH by iron powder/NH4Cl. 7

The IR spectrum of (I) features a characteristic absorption band at 3424 cm−1, assigned to amine–NH2 stretching and a strong absorption band at 3284 cm−1 is assigned to pyrazolyl-N-H stretching. The expected signal in the 1H NMR spectrum of (I) was 1.37 ppm (methyl-H), which was shifted compared to those of the precursors, LNO2pzH, at 1.40 ppm, and LHpzH, at 1.30 ppm. The solid-state structure determination of (I) was achieved through X-ray crystallography.

The molecular structure of (I) is illustrated in the upper view of the figure (35 % displacement ellipsoids; the disorder component of the C8-t-butyl group is omitted for clarity). The molecule comprises a planar pyrazolyl ring with the maximum deviation from the least-squares plane being 0.005(2) Å for the N2 atom; the amine-N3 atom lies 0.030(3) Å out of the plane. An amine group is bound at the ring-C6 position and the t-butyl groups are connected at the C5 and C7 positions. The confirmation of protonation at the pyrazolyl-N1 atom is manifested by the significantly wider angle at the N1 atom compared with the N2 atom, i.e. C5–N1–N2 = 111.28(19) cf. C7–N2–N1 = 106.98(18). Significant delocalisation of π-electron density over the five-membered ring is indicated by the experimental equivalence of the N1–C5 and N2–C7 [1.336(3) and 1.339(3) Å] and of the C5–C6 and C6–C7 [1.394(3) and 1.400(3) Å] bond lengths. The same conclusions are made for the methyl 9 and i-propyl 7 analogues. The N1–N2 and C6–N3 bond lengths in (I) are 1.353(3) and 1.419(3) Å, respectively.

In the molecular packing, supramolecular chains aligned along [1 0 1] feature N–H⃛N hydrogen-bonding interactions, see the lower view of the figure. Thus, a pair pyrazolyl-N–H⃛N(pyrazolyl) hydrogen bonds [N1–H1⃛N2 i : H1⃛N2 i  = 2.10(2) Å, N1–N2 i  = 2.902(3) Å with angle at H1n = 152.5(18) for symmetry operation i: 1-x, 2-y, -z] assemble over a centre of inversion to form a six-membered {⃛HNN}2 synthon. Similarly, a pair amine-N–H⃛N(amine) hydrogen bonds [N3–H2⃛N3 ii : H2…N3 ii  = 2.53(3) Å, N3⃛N3 ii  = 3.051(3) Å with angle at H2n = 119(2) for ii: 2-x, 2-y, 1-z] assemble over a centre of inversion to form a four-membered {⃛HN}2 synthon. The linear chains are connected into a three-dimensional architecture by methyl-C–H⃛π(pyrazolyl) interactions [C1–H1⃛Cg(N1,N2,C5–C7) iii : H1⃛Cg(N1,N2,C5–C7) iii  = 2.59 Å; C⃛Cg(N1,N2,C5–C7) iii  = 3.545(3) Å with angle at H1a = 166° for iii: 1-x, −1/2+y, 1/2-z] which occur about a 21 screw axis aligned along the b-axis. There is no apparent role in the molecular packing for the amine-H3n atom.

The molecular packing pattern in (I) contrasts those observed in the crystals of the methyl 9 and i-propyl 7 derivatives. In the former, a three-dimensional architecture features N–H⃛N hydrogen bonds operating in three-dimensions as each donor/acceptor site participates in at least one N–H⃛N hydrogen bond. 9 In the crystal of the i-propyl derivative, supramolecular layers feature N–H⃛N hydrogen bonds but one of the amine-H atoms does not participate in a directional intermolecular contact, 7 as in the crystal of (I).

Finally, an analysis of the nature of and relative contributions to the calculated Hirshfeld surfaces and two-dimensional fingerprint plots in the crystals of (I) and the i-propyl and methyl derivatives was undertaken employing CrystalExplorer 10 and standard procedures. 11 For the methyl species, calculations were performed on each of the disorder (60° degree rotation for one of the methyl groups) and the reported percentages are average values. For the t-butyl derivatives, only the major component of the disordered t-butyl group was considered. In each crystal there are only three types of surface contacts evident, namely H⃛H, N⃛H/H⃛N and C⃛H/H⃛C contacts. These were found to systematically follow trends in accord with the number of hydrogen atoms in the molecule. Thus, H⃛H contacts increased in the order of the methyl to i-propyl to t-butyl derivatives, viz. 61.5, 79.9 and 83.9 %, respectively. Consequently, the percentage contributions from the N⃛H/H⃛N (25.5, 15.3 and 12.2 %, respectively) and C⃛H/H⃛C (13.0, 4.7 and 3.9 %, respectively) diminished passing from the methyl to i-propyl to t-butyl.


Corresponding authors: Kiyoshi Fujisawa, Department of Chemistry, Ibaraki University, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan, E-mail: ; and Edward R. T. Tiekink, Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain, E-mail:

Funding source: Joint Usage/Research Centre for Catalysis and the Koyanagi Foundation

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Joint Usage/Research Centre for Catalysis and the Koyanagi Foundation.

  1. Research funding: This study was financially supported by the Joint Usage/Research Centre for Catalysis (Proposals 22DS0143, 23DS0198 and 24ES0584).

  2. Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript and approved submission.

  3. Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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Received: 2025-01-30
Accepted: 2025-02-14
Published Online: 2025-03-07
Published in Print: 2025-06-26

© 2025 the author(s), published by De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. New Crystal Structures
  3. Crystal structure of 5,5′-bis(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-2,2′-bi(1,3,4-oxadiazole), C16H4N10O14
  4. Crystal structure of catena-poly[(μ3-4,4′-oxydibenzoato- κ5 O,O: O,O:O)-bis(2,4,6-tri(3-pyridine)-1,3,5-triazine-κ1 N)cadmium(II)], C50H32CdN12O5
  5. The crystal structure of 1,4-diazepane-1,4-diium potassium trinitrate, C5H14KN5O9
  6. The crystal structure of benzyl 2,2,5,5-tetramethylthiazolidine-4-carboxylate, C15H21NO2S
  7. Crystal structure of 2-hydroxyethyl-triphenylphosphonium tetracyanidoborate, C24H20BN4OP
  8. The crystal structure of 1-methyl-3-(N-methylnitrous amide–N-methylene) imidazolidine-2,4,5-trione
  9. Crystal structure of N-((3-cyano-1-(2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroacetyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)carbamoyl)-2,6-difluorobenzamide, C20H7Cl2F8N5O3S
  10. Crystal structure of 5-(2,2-difluoropropyl)-5-methylbenzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-a] isoquinolin-6(5H)-one, C20H18F2N2O
  11. The crystal structure of N′,N″-[1,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane-1,2-diylidene]bis(furan-2- carbohydrazide), C24H16Cl2N4O4
  12. Crystal structure of [(4-bromobenzyl)triphenylphosphonium] tetrabromoantimony(III), [C25H21BrP]+[SbBr4]
  13. Crystal structure of [(4-bromobenzyl)triphenylphosphonium] tetrabromidoindium(III), [C25H21BrP]+[InBr4]
  14. The crystal structure of 4-carboxy-2-oxobutan-1-aminium chloride, C5H10ClNO3
  15. Crystal structure of (4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonyl)ferrocene, C21H16ClFeNO
  16. The crystal structure of dichlorido(η6-p-cymene)(triphenylarsine)ruthenium(II), C28H29AsCl2Ru
  17. Crystal structure of (Z)-2-hydroxy-N′-(1-(o-tolyl)ethylidene)benzohydrazide, C16H16N2O2
  18. The crystal structure of 10-(1-bromoethyl)-14-(bromomethyl)dibenzo[a, c]acridine, C24H17NBr2
  19. Synthesis and crystal structure of 6-methoxy-7-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methoxy]-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one, C18H16O5
  20. Synthesis and crystal structure of ethyl 4-((4-trifluoromethylbenzyl)amino)benzo, C17H16F3NO2
  21. The crystal structure of (Z)-2-(tert-butyl)-6-(7-(tert-butyl)-5-methylbenzo[d][1,3]oxathiol-2-ylidene)-4-methylcyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-one, C23H28O2S
  22. The crystal structure of (R)-2-aminobutanamide hydrochloride, C4H11ClN2O
  23. Crystal structure of bromido[hydridotris(3-tert-butyl-5-isopropylpyrazolyl)borato-κ3 N,N′,N″]copper(II), C30H52BBrCuN6
  24. Crystal structure of chlorido{hydridotris[3-mesityl-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-κN3]borato}-copper(II) dichloromethane monosolvate
  25. Crystal structure of 4-[3,5-bis(propan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]pyridine, C14H19N3
  26. Crystal structure of ((4-(4-bromophenyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)methyl)ferrocene, C21H16BrFeNO
  27. Crystal structure of [(4-chlorobenzyl)triphenylphosphonium] dichloridocopper(I), {[C25H21ClP]+[CuCl2]}n
  28. The crystal structure of {Cu(2,9-diisopropyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline)[4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene]}+ PF6·1.5(EtOAC)
  29. Crystal structure of 3,5-bis(t-butyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-amine, C11H21N3
  30. Crystal structure of [(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)triphenylphosphonium] trichloridocopper(II), [C25H20Cl2P]+[CuCl3]
  31. The crystal structure of dipotassium sulfide, K2S
  32. Crystal structure of (4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonyl)ferrocene, C22H19FeNO2
  33. Crystal structure of (E)-6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)benzylidene)-3, 4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one, C23H23F3N2O
  34. Crystal structure of (E)-6-morpholino-2-(4-(trifluoromethyl)benzylidene)-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one, C22H20F3NO2
  35. Crystal structure of Ce9Ir37Ge25
  36. The crystal structure of ethyl 6-(2-nitrophenyl)imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole-3-carboxylate, C14H11N3O4S
  37. Crystal structure of (4-(4-isopropylphenyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)(ferrocenyl)methanone, C24H23FeNO
  38. Crystal structure of bis(methylammonium) tetrathiotungstate(VI), (CH3NH3)2[WS4]
  39. Crystal structure of 6,11-dihydro-12H-benzo[e]indeno[1,2-b]oxepin-12-one, C17H12O2
  40. Crystal structure of 3-[(4-phenylpiperidin-1-yl)methyl]-5-(thiophen-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1,3,4- oxadiazole-2-thione, C18H19N3OS2
  41. Crystal structure of N-isopropyl-1,8-naphthalimide C15H13NO2
  42. TiNiSi-type EuPdBi
  43. Crystal structure of 1-(p-tolylphenyl)-4-(2-thienoyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ol, C16H14N2O2S
  44. The crystal structure of 3-(3-carboxypropyl)-2-nitro-1H-pyrrole 1-oxide, C7H9N3O5
  45. The crystal structure of tetraaqua-bis(2-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)acetato-k2O:N)-tetrakis(2-(2-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)acetato-k1N)trizinc(II) hexahydrate C36H52N18O32Zn3
  46. The crystal structure of 4-(3-carboxy-1-ethyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinolin-7-yl)piperazin-1-ium 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzoate monohydrate, C25H30FN3O9
  47. Crystal structure of bis(DL-1-carboxy-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethan-1-aminium) oxalate — acetic acid (1/2)
  48. Crystal structure of methyl (E)-4-((4-methylphenyl)sulfonamido)but-2-enoate, C12H15NO4S
  49. The crystal structure of actarit, C10H11NO3
  50. The crystal structure of bicyclol, C19H18O9
  51. The crystal structure of topiroxostat, C13H8N6
  52. Crystal structure of 2,2-dichloro-N-methyl-N-(4-p-tolylthiazol-2-yl)acetamide, C13H12Cl2N2OS
  53. Crystal structure of 4-(trifluoromethyl)-7-coumarinyl trifluoromethanesulfonate C11H4F6O5S
  54. Crystal structure of (1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaoxacyclooctadecane-κ6O6)-((Z)-N,N′-bis(2-(dimethylamino)phenyl)carbamimidato-κ1N)potassium(I)
  55. Crystal structure of (Z)-2-(5-((4-(dimethylamino)naphthalen-1-yl)methylene)-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-yl)acetic acid, C18H16N2O3S2
  56. Crystal structure of (4-fluorobenzyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide, C25H21BrFP
  57. The crystal structure of dichlorido-[6-(pyridin-2-yl)phenanthridine-κ2N, N′]zinc(II)-chloroform (1/1), C19H13N2ZnCl5
  58. Crystal structure of (E)-(3-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)acryloyl)ferrocene, C19H14Cl2FeO
  59. The crystal structure of (E)-7-chloro-1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-3-((2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino)quinolin-4(1H)-one, C19H14ClFN2O2
  60. Crystal structure of 2-bromo-11-(((fluoromethyl)sulfonyl)methyl)-6-methyl-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[c,f][1,2]thiazepine 5,5-dioxide, C16H13BrFNO4S2
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  62. Crystal structure of 5-(2,2-difluoropropyl)-5-methyl-6-oxo-5,6-dihydrobenzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-a]isoquinoline-3-carbonitrile, C20H15F2N3O
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