Home Novel combinatorial microstructures in Ti-6Al-4V alloy achieved by an electric-current-pulse treatment
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Novel combinatorial microstructures in Ti-6Al-4V alloy achieved by an electric-current-pulse treatment

  • Wei Zhang , Wei-song Zhao , Dou-xing Li and Man-ling Sui EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: January 12, 2022
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill
Author Information
International Journal of Materials Research
From the journal International Journal of Materials Research Volume 97 Issue 8

Abstract

An electric-current-pulse (ECP) treatment was employed to rapidly heat a dogbone-shaped Ti-6Al-4V sheet. After the treatment, the alloy was modified from a single micrometer-sized structure to a shape-associated combinatorial counterpart. Coexisting with the original equiaxed coarsegrained α-Ti and the intergranular β-Ti, two kinds of novel ultrafine structures, nanometer-sized lamellar twins of β-Ti martensites and refined bimodal structure have been produced in the different parts of the bulk sample. Formation of the novel microstructures during the ECP treatment was systematically investigated. This work demonstrated that the ECP rapid heating treatment is a promising method to tailor the microstructures of the metallic alloys basically by designing the shape-associated distribution of the current density and offer a new possibility for improving the conventional alloys.

Keywords: Titanium alloy; Microstructure; Phase transformation; Rapid heating; ECP
Prof. M. L. Sui Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016, China Tel.: +86 24 2397 1843 Fax: +86 24 2389 1320

References

[1] P.S. Ho, T. Kwok: Rep. Prog. Phys. 52 (1989) 301.10.1088/0034-4885/52/3/002Search in Google Scholar

[2] D.G. Pierce, P.G. Brusius: Microelectron. Reliab. 37 (1997) 1053.10.1016/S0026-2714(96)00268-5Search in Google Scholar

[3] A.F. Sprecher, S.L. Mannan, H. Conrad: Acta metall. 34 (1986) 1145.10.1016/0001-6160(86)90001-5Search in Google Scholar

[4] D. Yang, H. Conrad: Intermetallics 9 (2001) 943.10.1016/S0966-9795(01)00094-2Search in Google Scholar

[5] R.S. Mishra, A.K. Mukherjee: Mater. Sci. Eng. A 287 (2000) 178.10.1016/S0921-5093(00)00772-3Search in Google Scholar

[6] A.K. Misra: Metall. Trans. A 16 (1985) 1354.10.1007/BF02670340Search in Google Scholar

[7] J.M. Li, S.L. Li, J. Li, H.T. Liu: Scripta Metall. 31 (1994) 1691.10.1016/0956-716X(94)90465-0Search in Google Scholar

[8] H. Conrad, Z. Guo, A.F. Sprecher: Scripta metall. 23 (1989) 821.10.1016/0036-9748(89)90252-4Search in Google Scholar

[9] S.H. Xiao, J.D. Guo, S.D.Wu, G.H. He, S.X. Li: Scripta mater. 46 (2002) 1.10.1016/S1359-6462(01)01186-1Search in Google Scholar

[10] A. Avramescu: Z. Tech. Physik 20 (1939) 213.Search in Google Scholar

[11] N.S. Rasor, J.D. Mcclelland: Rev. Sci. Inst. 31 (1960) 595.10.1063/1.1931263Search in Google Scholar

[12] Y.Z. Zhou, Y. Zeng, G.H. He, B.L. Zhou: J. Mater. Res. 16 (2001) 17.10.1557/JMR.2001.0005Search in Google Scholar

[13] Y.Z. Zhou, R.S. Qin, S.H. Xiao, G.H. He, B.L. Zhou: J. Mater. Res. 15 (2000) 1056.10.1557/JMR.2000.0152Search in Google Scholar

[14] W. Zhang, M.L. Sui, K.Y. Hu, D.X. Li, X.N. Guo, G.H. He, B.L. Zhou: J. Mater. Res. 15 (2000) 2065.10.1557/JMR.2000.0295Search in Google Scholar

[15] W. Zhang, M.L. Sui, Y.Z. Zhou, Y. Zhong, D.X. Li: Adv. Eng. Mater. 4 (2002) 697.10.1002/1527-2648(20020916)4:9<697::AID-ADEM697>3.0.CO;2-ASearch in Google Scholar

[16] W. Zhang, M.L. Sui, Y.Z. Zhou, D.X. Li: Micron 34 (2003) 189.10.1016/S0968-4328(03)00025-8Search in Google Scholar

[17] H. Conrad: Mater. Sci. Eng. A 287 (2000) vii.10.1016/S0921-5093(00)00764-4Search in Google Scholar

[18] E.W. Collings: The Physical Metallurgy of Titanium Alloys, ASM, Metals Park, OH (1984) 75–100.Search in Google Scholar

[19] M. Peters, J. Kumpfert, C.H.Ward, C. Leyens: Adv. Eng. Mater. 5 (2003) 419.10.1002/adem.200310095Search in Google Scholar

[20] S.L. Semiatin, T.R. Bieler: Acta mater. 49 (2001) 3565.10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00236-1Search in Google Scholar

[21] Y.Z. Zhou, W. Zhang, B.Q. Wang, G.H. He, J.D. Guo: J. Mater. Res. 17 (2002) 2105.10.1557/JMR.2002.0311Search in Google Scholar

[22] 44-1294 & 44-1288, JCPDS-International Center for Diffraction Data (1995).Search in Google Scholar

[23] Metals Handbook, Vol. 7, ASM, Metals Park, OH (1972) 328.Search in Google Scholar

[24] D.G. Lee, S. Kim, S. Lee, C.S. Lee: Metall. Mater. Trans. A 32 (2001) 315.10.1007/s11661-001-0263-ySearch in Google Scholar

[25] R.K. Nalla, B.L. Boyce, J.P. Campbell, J.O. Peters, R.O. Ritchie: Metall. Mater. Trans. A 33 (2002) 899.10.1007/s11661-002-0160-zSearch in Google Scholar

[26] W.G. Burgers: Physica 1 (1934) 561.10.1016/S0031-8914(34)80244-3Search in Google Scholar

[27] N. Stefansson, S.L. Semiatin: Metall. Mater. Trans. A 34 (2003) 691.10.1007/s11661-003-0103-3Search in Google Scholar

[28] T.A. Venkatesh, B.P. Conner, C.S. Lee, A.E. Giannakopoulos, T.C. Lindley, S. Suresh: Metall. Mater. Trans. A 32 (2001) 1131.10.1007/s11661-001-0124-8Search in Google Scholar

[29] G.M. Pharr, W.C. Oliver: MRS Bulletin 7 (1992) 28.10.1557/S0883769400041634Search in Google Scholar

[30] D. Tabor: The Hardness of Metals, Clarendon Press, Oxford (1951).Search in Google Scholar

[31] R. Hill: The Mathematical Theory of Plasticity, Clarendon Press, Oxford (1951).Search in Google Scholar

[32] H. Modin, S. Modin: Scand. J. Metallurgy 3 (1974) 217.Search in Google Scholar

[33] F.R.N. Nabarro: Dislocations in Solids, Elservier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (1989) 499.Search in Google Scholar

[34] E.A. Brandes, G.B. Brook: Smithells Metals Reference Book, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, UK (1998) 14–25, 22–84.Search in Google Scholar

[35] W.F. Smith: Structure and Properties of Engineering Alloys, McGraw-Hill, New York (1981).Search in Google Scholar

[36] D.W. Tang, B.L. Zhou, H. Cao, B.L. Zhou: Appl. Phys. Lett. 59 (1991) 3113.10.1063/1.105755Search in Google Scholar

[37] B.L. Zhou, G.H. He, Y.J. Gao, W.L. Zhao, J.D. Guo: Int. J. Thermophys. 18 (1997) 481.10.1007/BF02575177Search in Google Scholar

[38] S.H. Xiao, J.D. Guo, S.X. Li: Phil. Mag. Lett. 82 (2002) 617.10.1080/0950083021000030397Search in Google Scholar

[39] G.H. He, B.Q. Wang, X.N. Guo, F. Yang, J.D. Guo, B.L. Zhou: Mater. Sci. Eng. A 292 (2000) 183.10.1016/S0921-5093(00)01009-1Search in Google Scholar

[40] Y. Dolinsky, T. Elperin: Phys. Rev. B 50 (1994) 52.10.1103/PhysRevB.50.52Search in Google Scholar

[41] Y. Dolinsky, T. Elperin: J. Appl. Phys. 73 (1993) 5283.10.1063/1.354048Search in Google Scholar

[42] Properties and selection: Nonferrous alloys and pure metals, Vol. II, ASM International, Metals Handbook, OH (1979) 1039.Search in Google Scholar

[43] W. Zhang, W.S. Zhao, D.X. Li, M.L. Sui: Appl. Phys. Lett. 84 (2004) 4872.10.1063/1.1762698Search in Google Scholar

[44] J. Tu, B. Jiang, T.Y. Hsu, J. Zhong: J. Mater. Sci. 29 (1994) 1662.10.1007/BF00368942Search in Google Scholar

[45] J. Tsai, C. Yu, D.K. Shetty: J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 73 (1990) 2992.10.1111/j.1151-2916.1990.tb06706.xSearch in Google Scholar

[46] I. Katzarov, S. Malinov,W. Sha: Metall. Mater. Trans. A 33 (2002) 1027.10.1007/s11661-002-0204-4Search in Google Scholar

[47] National Research Council: COSMAT Summary Report-Materials Science and Engineering for the 1990s, National Academy Press, Washington, DC, 1989.Search in Google Scholar
Received: 2005-11-07
Accepted: 2006-02-20
Published Online: 2022-01-12

© 2006 Carl Hanser Verlag, München

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents
  2. Extended editorial with anecdotes
  3. Anelastic relaxation and structure of ternary Fe–Al–Me alloys with Me = Co, Cr, Ge, Mn, Nb, Si, Ta, Ti, Zr
  4. Kinetic study of the β → α + γ transformation reaction in a CuZnAl alloy
  5. Calorimetric investigation of the binary Cu–In system
  6. Thermodynamic properties of liquid Cu–In–Zn alloys
  7. Comparing the thermodynamic behaviour of Al(l) + ZrO2(4% Y2O3) and Al(l) + Al2O3
  8. Failure-mode dependence of the strengthening effect in Ti3AlC2/10 vol.% Al2O3 composite
  9. Investigation of Cu-graphite composites prepared by electroforming
  10. Neutron diffraction analysis of martensite ageing in high-carbon FeCMnSi steel
  11. Effect of reinforcement size hybridization on the wear properties of SiCp/Cu Composites
  12. Temperature dependence of lattice mismatch and γ′ volume fraction of a fourth-generation monocrystalline nickel-based superalloy
  13. Novel combinatorial microstructures in Ti-6Al-4V alloy achieved by an electric-current-pulse treatment
  14. The Effect of Ti–B and Sr on the mechanical behaviour of the Zinc–Aluminum-based ZA-12 alloy produced by gravity casting
  15. Determination of retained austenite in multiphase steels by magnetic force microscopy
  16. Filtration resistance during pressure filtration tests of liquid aluminium alloys
  17. Microstructure of a Damascene sabre after annealing
  18. Effect of tin added to the zinc bath on the formation and the microstructure of hot-dip galvanized coatings
  19. Personal
  20. Conferences
  21. Contents
  22. Editorial
  23. Extended editorial with anecdotes
  24. Basic
  25. Anelastic relaxation and structure of ternary Fe–Al–Me alloys with Me = Co, Cr, Ge, Mn, Nb, Si, Ta, Ti, Zr
  26. Kinetic study of the β → α + γ transformation reaction in a CuZnAl alloy
  27. Calorimetric investigation of the binary Cu–In system
  28. Thermodynamic properties of liquid Cu–In–Zn alloys
  29. Comparing the thermodynamic behaviour of Al(l) + ZrO2(4% Y2O3) and Al(l) + Al2O3
  30. Failure-mode dependence of the strengthening effect in Ti3AlC2/10 vol.% Al2O3 composite
  31. Investigation of Cu-graphite composites prepared by electroforming
  32. Neutron diffraction analysis of martensite ageing in high-carbon FeCMnSi steel
  33. Applied
  34. Effect of reinforcement size hybridization on the wear properties of SiCp/Cu Composites
  35. Temperature dependence of lattice mismatch and γ′ volume fraction of a fourth-generation monocrystalline nickel-based superalloy
  36. Novel combinatorial microstructures in Ti-6Al-4V alloy achieved by an electric-current-pulse treatment
  37. The Effect of Ti–B and Sr on the mechanical behaviour of the Zinc–Aluminum-based ZA-12 alloy produced by gravity casting
  38. Determination of retained austenite in multiphase steels by magnetic force microscopy
  39. Filtration resistance during pressure filtration tests of liquid aluminium alloys
  40. Microstructure of a Damascene sabre after annealing
  41. Effect of tin added to the zinc bath on the formation and the microstructure of hot-dip galvanized coatings
  42. Notifications
  43. Personal
  44. Conferences
https://doi.org/10.3139/ijmr-2006-0180
Keywords for this article
Titanium alloy; Microstructure; Phase transformation; Rapid heating; ECP

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents
  2. Extended editorial with anecdotes
  3. Anelastic relaxation and structure of ternary Fe–Al–Me alloys with Me = Co, Cr, Ge, Mn, Nb, Si, Ta, Ti, Zr
  4. Kinetic study of the β → α + γ transformation reaction in a CuZnAl alloy
  5. Calorimetric investigation of the binary Cu–In system
  6. Thermodynamic properties of liquid Cu–In–Zn alloys
  7. Comparing the thermodynamic behaviour of Al(l) + ZrO2(4% Y2O3) and Al(l) + Al2O3
  8. Failure-mode dependence of the strengthening effect in Ti3AlC2/10 vol.% Al2O3 composite
  9. Investigation of Cu-graphite composites prepared by electroforming
  10. Neutron diffraction analysis of martensite ageing in high-carbon FeCMnSi steel
  11. Effect of reinforcement size hybridization on the wear properties of SiCp/Cu Composites
  12. Temperature dependence of lattice mismatch and γ′ volume fraction of a fourth-generation monocrystalline nickel-based superalloy
  13. Novel combinatorial microstructures in Ti-6Al-4V alloy achieved by an electric-current-pulse treatment
  14. The Effect of Ti–B and Sr on the mechanical behaviour of the Zinc–Aluminum-based ZA-12 alloy produced by gravity casting
  15. Determination of retained austenite in multiphase steels by magnetic force microscopy
  16. Filtration resistance during pressure filtration tests of liquid aluminium alloys
  17. Microstructure of a Damascene sabre after annealing
  18. Effect of tin added to the zinc bath on the formation and the microstructure of hot-dip galvanized coatings
  19. Personal
  20. Conferences
  21. Contents
  22. Editorial
  23. Extended editorial with anecdotes
  24. Basic
  25. Anelastic relaxation and structure of ternary Fe–Al–Me alloys with Me = Co, Cr, Ge, Mn, Nb, Si, Ta, Ti, Zr
  26. Kinetic study of the β → α + γ transformation reaction in a CuZnAl alloy
  27. Calorimetric investigation of the binary Cu–In system
  28. Thermodynamic properties of liquid Cu–In–Zn alloys
  29. Comparing the thermodynamic behaviour of Al(l) + ZrO2(4% Y2O3) and Al(l) + Al2O3
  30. Failure-mode dependence of the strengthening effect in Ti3AlC2/10 vol.% Al2O3 composite
  31. Investigation of Cu-graphite composites prepared by electroforming
  32. Neutron diffraction analysis of martensite ageing in high-carbon FeCMnSi steel
  33. Applied
  34. Effect of reinforcement size hybridization on the wear properties of SiCp/Cu Composites
  35. Temperature dependence of lattice mismatch and γ′ volume fraction of a fourth-generation monocrystalline nickel-based superalloy
  36. Novel combinatorial microstructures in Ti-6Al-4V alloy achieved by an electric-current-pulse treatment
  37. The Effect of Ti–B and Sr on the mechanical behaviour of the Zinc–Aluminum-based ZA-12 alloy produced by gravity casting
  38. Determination of retained austenite in multiphase steels by magnetic force microscopy
  39. Filtration resistance during pressure filtration tests of liquid aluminium alloys
  40. Microstructure of a Damascene sabre after annealing
  41. Effect of tin added to the zinc bath on the formation and the microstructure of hot-dip galvanized coatings
  42. Notifications
  43. Personal
  44. Conferences
Sign up now to receive a 20% welcome discount
Institutional Access
How does access work?
Have an idea on how to improve our website?
Please write us.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Downloaded on 26.9.2025 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.3139/ijmr-2006-0180/html
Scroll to top button