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Chapter 7 Role of Beneficial Microbes for Plant growth Improvement

  • Amir Khan , Mohd Shahid Anwar Ansari , Touseef Hussain und Abrar Ahmad Khan
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Plant Protection
Ein Kapitel aus dem Buch Plant Protection

Abstract

Plant growth-promoting microbes comprise of microorganisms in the plant system including rhizospheric bacteria, fungi, mycorrhiza, actinomycetes, endophytic fungi, or those having either symbiotic or nonsymbiotic relationship with plants. Promotion of plant growth by microorganisms is associated with mechanisms such as phytohormone production, siderophore production, nitrogen fixation, solubilization of mineral phosphates, and release of potent secondary metabolites (SMs) that affect the plant health easily. Some fungi such as arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi have been found in almost all land plant species as obligate root symbiont and increase the uptake of mineral elements in their host plant in exchange of carbon and enhance the plant growth by increasing biomass and chlorophyll content. Such microorganisms are also involved in the management of both biotic and abiotic stresses on plants. Management of biotic stress involves the interaction between pathogenic and nonpathogenic microbes that includes various changes like twisting of hyphae of beneficial microbes around the hyphae of pathogenic microbes as well as certain changes at the cellular level like secretion of lytic enzymes or secretion of antimicrobial compounds and dissolution of host cytoplasm, and such changes inhibit the reproduction and growth of harmful microbes in the nearby places. The exact understanding of the mechanism by which these microbes promote growth of plants will help evolve approaches against damages by several biotic and abiotic stress conditions and help in sustainable agriculture at global scale.

Abstract

Plant growth-promoting microbes comprise of microorganisms in the plant system including rhizospheric bacteria, fungi, mycorrhiza, actinomycetes, endophytic fungi, or those having either symbiotic or nonsymbiotic relationship with plants. Promotion of plant growth by microorganisms is associated with mechanisms such as phytohormone production, siderophore production, nitrogen fixation, solubilization of mineral phosphates, and release of potent secondary metabolites (SMs) that affect the plant health easily. Some fungi such as arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi have been found in almost all land plant species as obligate root symbiont and increase the uptake of mineral elements in their host plant in exchange of carbon and enhance the plant growth by increasing biomass and chlorophyll content. Such microorganisms are also involved in the management of both biotic and abiotic stresses on plants. Management of biotic stress involves the interaction between pathogenic and nonpathogenic microbes that includes various changes like twisting of hyphae of beneficial microbes around the hyphae of pathogenic microbes as well as certain changes at the cellular level like secretion of lytic enzymes or secretion of antimicrobial compounds and dissolution of host cytoplasm, and such changes inhibit the reproduction and growth of harmful microbes in the nearby places. The exact understanding of the mechanism by which these microbes promote growth of plants will help evolve approaches against damages by several biotic and abiotic stress conditions and help in sustainable agriculture at global scale.

Kapitel in diesem Buch

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Contents V
  3. Chapter 1 Agrochemical industry: a multibillion industry 1
  4. Chapter 2 Plant protection through agrochemicals and its consequences 25
  5. Chapter 3 Agrochemicals and their effects on soil microbial population 45
  6. Chapter 4 Effect of abiotic stresses on plant systems and their mitigation 59
  7. Chapter 5 Plant pathogenesis and disease control 95
  8. Chapter 6 Plant defense systems: mechanism of self-protection by plants against pathogens 115
  9. Chapter 7 Role of Beneficial Microbes for Plant growth Improvement 141
  10. Chapter 8 Microbial bioproducts for plant growth and protection: trends and prospective 177
  11. Chapter 9 Nanopesticides: challenges and opportunities 201
  12. Chapter 10 Assessment of the role of rhizosphere in soil and its relationship with microorganisms and element absorption 225
  13. Chapter 11 Biosurfactant: an environmentally benign biological agent for sustainable agroecological agriculture 253
  14. Chapter 12 Bacillus lipopeptide-based antifungal agents for plant disease control 313
  15. Chapter 13 Use of alkaloids in plant protection 337
  16. Chapter 14 Biotechnological approaches for plant stress management 353
  17. Chapter 15 Role of proteins and enzymes in plant disease control 395
  18. Chapter 16 The role of PGPRs in phosphate solubilization and nitrogen fixation in order to promote plant growth parameters under salinity, drought, nutrient deficiency, and heavy metal stresses 415
  19. Chapter 17 Impact of endophytic fungi in biotic stress management 447
  20. Chapter 18 Ecosystem services and ecological role of birds in insect and pest control 463
  21. Chapter 19 Role of entomopathogenic fungi in biocontrol of insect pests 505
  22. Chapter 20 Indigenous practices for pest control and marketability of the produce for development of sustainable agriculture 549
  23. Chapter 21 Role of plant microbiome in crop protection 573
  24. List of contributing authors 601
  25. Index 611
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110771558-007

Kapitel in diesem Buch

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Contents V
  3. Chapter 1 Agrochemical industry: a multibillion industry 1
  4. Chapter 2 Plant protection through agrochemicals and its consequences 25
  5. Chapter 3 Agrochemicals and their effects on soil microbial population 45
  6. Chapter 4 Effect of abiotic stresses on plant systems and their mitigation 59
  7. Chapter 5 Plant pathogenesis and disease control 95
  8. Chapter 6 Plant defense systems: mechanism of self-protection by plants against pathogens 115
  9. Chapter 7 Role of Beneficial Microbes for Plant growth Improvement 141
  10. Chapter 8 Microbial bioproducts for plant growth and protection: trends and prospective 177
  11. Chapter 9 Nanopesticides: challenges and opportunities 201
  12. Chapter 10 Assessment of the role of rhizosphere in soil and its relationship with microorganisms and element absorption 225
  13. Chapter 11 Biosurfactant: an environmentally benign biological agent for sustainable agroecological agriculture 253
  14. Chapter 12 Bacillus lipopeptide-based antifungal agents for plant disease control 313
  15. Chapter 13 Use of alkaloids in plant protection 337
  16. Chapter 14 Biotechnological approaches for plant stress management 353
  17. Chapter 15 Role of proteins and enzymes in plant disease control 395
  18. Chapter 16 The role of PGPRs in phosphate solubilization and nitrogen fixation in order to promote plant growth parameters under salinity, drought, nutrient deficiency, and heavy metal stresses 415
  19. Chapter 17 Impact of endophytic fungi in biotic stress management 447
  20. Chapter 18 Ecosystem services and ecological role of birds in insect and pest control 463
  21. Chapter 19 Role of entomopathogenic fungi in biocontrol of insect pests 505
  22. Chapter 20 Indigenous practices for pest control and marketability of the produce for development of sustainable agriculture 549
  23. Chapter 21 Role of plant microbiome in crop protection 573
  24. List of contributing authors 601
  25. Index 611
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Heruntergeladen am 17.10.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/9783110771558-007/html
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