De Gruyter Textbook

This graduate textbook explains image reconstruction technologies based on region-based binocular and trinocular stereo vision, and object, pattern and relation matching. It further discusses principles and applications of multi-sensor fusion and content-based retrieval. Rich in examples and excises, the book concludes image engineering studies for electrical engineering and computer science students.

This graduate textbook presents fundamentals, applications and evaluation of image segregation, unit description, feature measurement and pattern recognition. Analysis on textile, shape and motion are discussed and mathematical tools are employed extensively. Rich in examples and excises, it prepares electrical engineering and computer science students with knowledge and skills for further studies on image understanding.

This graduate textbook explains image geometry, and elaborates on image enhancement in spatial and frequency domain, unconstrained and constrained restoration and restoration from projection, and discusses various coding technologies such as predictive coding and transform coding. Rich in examples and exercises, it prepares electrical engineering and computer science students for further studies on image analysis and understanding.

This book is the English edition of the German third edition, which has proven to be a standard work on the subject of risk management. The English edition extends the scope of use to the English-language bachelor's and master's degree courses in economics and for potential use (especially as a reference work) in the professional practice of risk management. The subject of the book is company-wide risk management based on the Value at Risk concept. This includes quantitative and qualitative risk measurement, risk analysis based on the RoRaC and various management tools for risk control. Other topics covered are the peculiarities of the various risk types, e.g. risk management of the effects of climate change, the global financial crisis and risk reporting. The book is rounded off by a comprehensive case study, in which all aspects are summarized. The volume is thus an indispensable standard work for students and practitioners.

Today, web applications are the most important type of software applications. This textbook shows how to design and implement them, using a model-based engineering approach that covers general information management concepts and techniques and the two most relevant technology platforms: JavaScript and Java. The book provides an in-depth tutorial for theory-underpinned and example-based learning by doing it yourself, supported by quiz questions and practice projects. Volume 1 provides an introduction to web technologies and model-based web application engineering, discussing the information management concepts of constraint-based data validation, enumerations and special datatypes. Volume 2 discusses the advanced information management concepts of associations and inheritance in class hierarchies.

Web apps are designed using UML class diagrams and implemented with two technologies: JavaScript for front-end (and distributed NodeJS) apps, and Java (with JPA and JSF) for back-end apps. The six example apps discussed in the book can be run, and their source code downloaded, from the book’s website.

Formulations starts with a general introduction, explaining interaction forces between particles and droplets, self-assembly systems, polymeric surfactants and nanoemulsions. The second part covers the industrial examples ranging from foams, soaps over to hair care, sunscreen and make-up products. Combines information needed by formulation chemists as well as researchers in the cosmetic industry due the increasing number of products.

Chapter 1 General Introduction
Definition of emulsions and the role of the emulsifier. Classification based on the nature of the emulsifier. Classification based on the structure of the system. General instability problems with emulsions : creaming/sedimentation, flocculation, Ostwald ripening, coalescence and phase inversion. Importance of emulsions in various industrial applications.

Chapter 2 Thermodynamics of Emulsion Formation and Breakdown
Application of the second law of thermodynamics for emulsion formation : Balance of energy and entropy and non-spontaneous formation of emulsions. Breakdown of the emulsion by flocculation and coalescence in the absence of an emulsifier. Role of the emulsifier in preventing flocculation and coalescence by creating an energy barrier resulting from the repulsive energies between the droplets.

Chapter 3 Interaction Forces between Emulsion Droplets
Van der Waals attraction and its dependence on droplet size, Hamaker constant and separation distance between the droplets. Electrostatic repulsion resulting from the presence of electrical double layers and its dependence on surface (or zeta) potential and electrolyte concentration and valency. Combination of the van der Waals attraction with double layer repulsion and the theory of colloid stability. Steric repulsion resulting from the presence of adsorbed non-ionic surfactants and polymers. Combination of van der Waals attraction with steric repulsion and the theory of steric stabilisation.

Chapter 4 Adsorption of Surfactants at the Oil/Water Interface
Thermodynamic analysis of surfactant adsorption and the Gibbs adsorption isotherm. Calculation of the amount of surfactant adsorption and area per surfactant molecule at the interface. Experimental techniques for measuring the interfacial tension.

Chapter 5 Mechanism of Emulsification and the Role of the Emulsifier
Description of the factors responsible for droplet deformation and its break-up. Role of surfactant in preventing coalescence during emulsification. Definition of the Gibbs dilational elasticity and the Marangoni effect in preventing coalescence.

Chapter 6 Methods of Emulsification
Pipe flow, static mixers and high speed stirrers (rotor-stator mixer). Laminar and turbulent flow. Membrane emulsification. High pressure homogenisers and ultrasonic methods.

Chapter 7 Selection of Emulsifiers
The hydrophilic-lipophilic-balance (HLB) and its application in surfactant selection. Calculation of HLB numbers and the effect of the nature of the oil phase. The phase inversion temperature (PIT) method for emulsifier selection. The cohesive energy ratio method for emulsifier selection.

Chapter 8 Creaming/Sedimentation of Emulsions and its prevention
Driving force for creaming/sedimentation: effect of gravity, droplet size and density difference between the oil and continuous phase. Calculation of the rate of creaming/sedimentation in dilute emulsions. Influence of increase of the volume fraction of the disperse phase on the rate of creaming/sedimentation. Reduction of creaming/sedimentation: Balance of the density of the two phases, reduction of droplet size and effect of addition of ''thickeners'.

Chapter 9 Flocculation of Emulsions and its Prevention
Factors affecting flocculation. Calculation of fast and slow flocculation rate. Definition of stability ratio and its dependence on electrolyte concentration and valency. Definition of the critical coagulation concentration and its dependence on electrolyte valency. Reduction of flocculation by enhancing the repulsive forces.

Chapter 10 Ostwald Ripening and its Reduction
Factors responsible for Ostwald ripening : difference in solubility between small and large droplets and the Kelvin equation. Calculation of the rate of Ostwald ripening. Reduction of Ostwald ripening by incorporation of a small amount of highly insoluble oil. Reduction of Ostwald ripening by the use of strongly adsorbed polymeric surfactant and enhancement of the Gibbs elasticity.

Chapter 11 Emulsion Coalescence and its Prevention
Driving force for emulsion coalescence : Thinning and disruption of the liquid film between the droplets. The concept of disjoining pressure for prevention of coalescence. Methods for reduction or elimination of coalescence : Use of mixed surfactant films, use of lamellar liquid crystalline phases and use of polymeric surfactants.

Chapter 12 Phase Inversion and its Prevention
Distinction between catastrophic and transient phase inversion. Influence of the disperse volume fraction and surfactant HLB number. Explanation of the factors responsible for phase inversion.

Chapter 13 Characterisation of Emulsions
Measurement of droplet size distribution : Optical microscopy and image analysis. Phase contrast and polarising microscopyDiffraction methods. Confocal laser microscopy. Back scattering methods

Chapter 14 Industrial Application of Emulsions
14.1 Application in Pharmacy
14.2 Application in Cosmetics
14.3 Application in Agrochemicals
14.4 Application in Paints
14.5 Application in the Oil Industry

This book introduces the classical and modern image reconstruction technologies. It covers topics in two-dimensional (2D) parallel-beam and fan-beam imaging, three-dimensional (3D) parallel ray, parallel plane, and cone-beam imaging. Both analytical and iterative methods are presented. The applications in X-ray CT, SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography), PET (positron emission tomography), and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) are discussed. Contemporary research results in exact region-of-interest (ROI) reconstruction with truncated projections, Katsevich’s cone-beam filtered backprojection algorithm, and reconstruction with highly under-sampled data are included.

The last chapter of the book is devoted to the techniques of using a fast analytical algorithm to reconstruct an image that is equivalent to an iterative reconstruction. These techniques are the author’s most recent research results.

This book is intended for students, engineers, and researchers who are interested in medical image reconstruction. Written in a non-mathematical way, this book provides an easy access to modern mathematical methods in medical imaging.

Table of Content:
Chapter 1 Basic Principles of Tomography
1.1 Tomography
1.2 Projection
1.3 Image Reconstruction
1.4 Backprojection
1.5 Mathematical Expressions
Problems
References
Chapter 2 Parallel-Beam Image Reconstruction
2.1 Fourier Transform
2.2 Central Slice Theorem
2.3 Reconstruction Algorithms
2.4 A Computer Simulation
2.5 ROI Reconstruction with Truncated Projections
2.6 Mathematical Expressions (The Fourier Transform and Convolution , The Hilbert Transform and the Finite Hilbert Transform , Proof of the Central Slice Theorem, Derivation of the Filtered Backprojection Algorithm , Expression of the Convolution Backprojection Algorithm, Expression of the Radon Inversion Formula ,Derivation of the Backprojection-then-Filtering Algorithm
Problems
References
Chapter 3 Fan-Beam Image Reconstruction
3.1 Fan-Beam Geometry and Point Spread Function
3.2 Parallel-Beam to Fan-Beam Algorithm Conversion
3.3 Short Scan
3.4 Mathematical Expressions (Derivation of a Filtered Backprojection Fan-Beam Algorithm, A Fan-Beam Algorithm Using the Derivative and the Hilbert Transform)
Problems
References
Chapter 4 Transmission and Emission Tomography
4.1 X-Ray Computed Tomography
4.2 Positron Emission Tomography and Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography
4.3 Attenuation Correction for Emission Tomography
4.4 Mathematical Expressions
Problems
References
Chapter 5 3D Image Reconstruction
5.1 Parallel Line-Integral Data
5.2 Parallel Plane-Integral Data
5.3 Cone-Beam Data (Feldkamp's Algorithm, Grangeat's Algorithm, Katsevich's Algorithm)
5.4 Mathematical Expressions (Backprojection-then-Filtering for Parallel Line-Integral Data, Filtered Backprojection Algorithm for Parallel Line-Integral Data, 3D Radon Inversion Formula, 3D Backprojection-then-Filtering Algorithm for Radon Data, Feldkamp's Algorithm, Tuy's Relationship, Grangeat's Relationship, Katsevich’s Algorithm)
Problems
References
Chapter 6 Iterative Reconstruction
6.1 Solving a System of Linear Equations
6.2 Algebraic Reconstruction Technique
6.3 Gradient Descent Algorithms
6.4 Maximum-Likelihood Expectation-Maximization Algorithms
6.5 Ordered-Subset Expectation-Maximization Algorithm
6.6 Noise Handling (Analytical Methods, Iterative Methods, Iterative Methods)
6.7 Noise Modeling as a Likelihood Function
6.8 Including Prior Knowledge
6.9 Mathematical Expressions (ART, Conjugate Gradient Algorithm, ML-EM, OS-EM, Green’s One-Step Late Algorithm, Matched and Unmatched Projector/Backprojector Pairs )
6.10 Reconstruction Using Highly Undersampled Data with l0 Minimization
Problems
References
Chapter 7 MRI Reconstruction
7.1 The 'M'
7.2 The 'R'
7.3 The 'I'; (To Obtain z-Information, x-Information, y-Information)
7.4 Mathematical Expressions
Problems
References
Indexing

Today, research is no longer pushed ahead by lone inventive geniuses, but rather by a complex network of global players. Accordingly, it is essential for scientists and employees at research institutes, funding organizations, and government agencies to understand the structural idiosyncrasies of the science system. The practical guide offers an extensive survey of the field, revealing research management as a field of activity in its own right.

Medical Microbiology is an excellent and easy-to-use textbook which explains the roles of microorganisms in human health and illness. Written in a clear and engaging manner, the book provides an overview of pathogenic organisms, their diagnosis and treatment tools as well as the molecular mechanisms of hostpathogen interactions and antimicrobial drug resistance.

Social decentering theory was developed in response to the confusion created by the use of the term empathy and to a lesser extent, perspective-taking, to reflect a wide and varied set of human cognitive processes and behaviors. Theory of Social Decentering: A Theory of Other-Orientation Encompassing Empathy and Perspective-Taking, presents an innovative approach to the social cognitive process by which humans take into consideration the thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and dispositions of other people. The multidimensional theory and measure of social decentering represents a unifying theory that identifies and incorporates key elements imbedded in other-oriented terms.

The first chapters present the theory and development of a measure of social decentering in a complete and detailed manner examining the important role that social decentering plays in human communication.

The remaining chapters of the book examine the role that social decentering, empathy, and perspective-taking play in the development and management of interpersonal relationships, in marital relationships, in teams and group interactions, and in the workplace.

The final chapter examines the negative consequences to individuals, decisions, and relationships potentially created by engaging in social decentering.

The appendices include copies of the measure of social decentering and the measure of relationship-specific social decentering.

The book is of interest for graduates in communication studies, psychology, and sociology, and valuable for communication and social psychology scholars interested in empathy or perspective taking.

This two-volume set collects and presents some fundamentals of mathematics in an entertaining and performing manner. The present volume examines many of the most important basic results in algebra and number theory, along with their proofs, and also their history.

Contents
The natural, integral and rational numbers
Division and factorization in the integers
Modular arithmetic
Exceptional numbers
Pythagorean triples and sums of squares
Polynomials and unique factorization
Field extensions and splitting fields
Permutations and symmetric polynomials
Real numbers
The complex numbers, the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra and polynomial equations
Quadratic number fields and Pell’s equation
Transcendental numbers and the numbers e and π
Compass and straightedge constructions and the classical problems
Euclidean vector spaces

Drawing on examples from various areas of physics, this textbook introduces the reader to computer-based physics using Fortran® and Matlab®. It elucidates a broad palette of topics, including fundamental phenomena in classical and quantum mechanics, hydrodynamics and dynamical systems, as well as effects in field theories and macroscopic pattern formation described by (nonlinear) partial differential equations. A chapter on Monte Carlo methods is devoted to problems typically occurring in statistical physics.

Contents
Introduction
Nonlinear maps
Dynamical systems
Ordinary differential equations I
Ordinary differential equations II
Partial differential equations I, basics
Partial differential equations II, applications
Monte Carlo methods (MC)
Matrices and systems of linear equations
Program library
Solutions of the problems
README and a short guide to FE-tools

This textbook is an anthology of significant theoretical discussions of biography as a genre and as a literary-historical practice. Covering the 18th to the 21st centuries, the reader includes programmatic texts by authors such as Herder, Carlyle, Dilthey, Proust, Freud, Kracauer, Woolf and Bourdieu. Each text is accompanied by a commentary placing its contribution in critical context.

Ideal for use in undergraduate seminars, this reader may also be of interest for academic researchers in the areas of literary studies and history aiming to get an overview of historical questions in biographical theory.

This revised and updated English language edition also includes new translations of texts by J. G. Herder and Stefan Zweig, as well as an introductory discussion on the possibility of a ‘theory of biography’.

Note: Due to copyright reasons, the chapter "Sade, Fourier, Loyola [Extract] (1971)" (pp. 175–177) by Roland Barthes could not be included in the ebook.

Elemental Analysis is an excellent guide introducing cutting-edge methods for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of elements. Each chapter of the book gives an overview of a certain technique, such as AAS, AFS, ICP-OES, MIP-OES, ICP-MS and XRF. Readers will benefit from a balanced combination of theoretical basics, operational principles of instruments and their practical applications.

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC) provides a timely overview of SFC application areas which were unimaginable just a decade ago. This two-volume series opens with an overview of the history and expectant future of SFC and continues with recent applications in the pharmaceutical industry and other fascinating areas of science. SFC has found its place in the pharmaceutical industry with an increasing body of applications for chiral and achiral molecules in both the research and development phases of the drug discovery process. As illustrated in this two-volume series, the current interest in SFC extends well beyond the pharmaceutical industry. Chapters encompassing applications for polar and non-polar mixtures of importance are covering widely disparate areas in substance abuse, natural products including cannabinoids, bioactive lipids, flavor and fragrance. With its broad balance and coverage, this two-volume book constitutes a unique educational platform to students and scientists for many years to come. The major objective of this book editions is to inspire and stimulate readers to continue exploring the possibilities of exploiting supercritical fluids as a particular media for analysis, purifications and synthesis

This book discusses light transmission and extends to more applied fields of laser and laser technology, photoelectric detection and devices, photoelectric imaging and systems with explainations on theories and engineering applications. Addressing the intersection between optics and electrical engineering, the textbook prepares graduate students to photoelectronics and can also be used as reference for engineers.

Today, web applications are the most important type of software applications. This textbook shows how to design and implement them, using a model-based engineering approach that covers general information management concepts and techniques and the two most relevant technology platforms: JavaScript and Java. The book provides an in-depth tutorial for theory-underpinned and example-based learning by doing it yourself, supported by quiz questions and practice projects. Volume 1 provides an introduction to web technologies and model-based web application engineering, discussing the information management concepts of constraint-based data validation, enumerations and special datatypes. Volume 2 discusses the advanced information management concepts of associations and inheritance in class hierarchies.

Web apps are designed using UML class diagrams and implemented with two technologies: JavaScript for front-end (and distributed NodeJS) apps, and Java (with JPA and JSF) for back-end apps. The six example apps discussed in the book can be run, and their source code downloaded, from the book’s website.

Gerd Wagner

is Professor of Internet Technology at Brandenburg University of Technology, Germany, and Adjunct Associate Professor at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA. He works in the areas of web engineering and modeling and simulation.

Mircea Diaconescu

is a Software Architect and Technical Team Leader at Entri GmbH, Berlin. He enjoys to work with the newest web technologies and to build Web of Things projects. Java, JavaScript/NodeJS and C# are his favorite programming languages.

Green Energy introduces readers to solar based energy harvesting in order to address climate change. The physics of electrochemistry and optics are discussed to prepare readers for applications of CO2 reduction, water splitting, photocatalysis and photovoltatics. Special attention is paid to low cost, environmentally friendly choices of materials and processing techniques. This book is an excellent resource for students and industry starters.

This graduate text covers a variety of mathematical and statistical tools for the analysis of big data coming from biology, medicine and economics. Neural networks, Markov chains, tools from statistical physics and wavelet analysis are used to develop efficient computational algorithms, which are then used for the processing of real-life data using Matlab.

Industrial Organic Chemistry examines all major industrial manufacturing technologies and reaction types with a focus on organic chemistry in general and petroleum refining in particular. The author takes a systematic approach to introducing the most important classes of organic compounds, from the C1 fraction through to polyaromatics and polymers.

The author introduces biological sources for key compounds such as fuel and plastics and compares these bio-based organic materials to the corresponding petroleum-based chemicals.

In addition to the chemistry behind processes in the petroleum, pharma, food and agrochemical industries, this book also discusses related topics such as process selectivity, waste management, and product purification.

Polymeric Surfactants covers the structure and stability origins of these highly useful surfactants. Adsorption and solution properties in emulsions are discussed based on their underlying thermodynamics and kinetics. Research scientists and Ph.D. students investigating chemistry, chemical engineering and colloidal science will benefit from this text on polymeric surfactants and their value in preparation and stabilization of disperse systems.

Suspension Concentrates is a survey into the theory of the formulation and stabilization of suspensions, elaborating on the breaking of aggregates and agglomerates and the role of dispersing agents on flocculation and electrostatic and steric stabilization. Practical analysis by rheology is discussed. Suspension Concentrates is ideal for research scientists and Ph.D. students investigating chemistry, chemical engineering and colloidal science.

The book provides a complete overview on inorganic pigments and their use in dye industry. Each chapter introduces a certain class of pigment in respect of fundamentals, manufacture, properties and toxicology and thus being very valuable for paint chemists and materials specialists. The readers will benefit from a concise and well-structured text, numerous examples and a set of test questions in the end of each chapter.

Starting from physical and electrochemical foundations, this textbook explains working principles of energy storage devices. After a history of galvanic cells, different types of primary, secondary and flow cells as well as fuel cells and supercapacitors are covered. An emphasis lies on the general setup and mechanisms behind those devices to enable easy understanding for students from all technical and natural science disciplines.

The book gives a systematic introduction to green chemistry principles and technologies in inorganic and organic chemistry, polymer sciences and pharmaceutical industry. It also discusses the use of biomass and marine resources for synthesis as well as renewable energy utilization and the concepts and evaluation of recycling economy and eco-industrial parks.

This book illustrates concepts and principles in RF circuits design, and presents the architecture of frequently-used modules such as filters, amplifiers, transmission lines, power couplers etc. Impedance matching, Smith chart, signal flow graph and electromagnetic compatibility are discussed to facilitate practical design, making the book an essential reference for graduate students in electrical engineering and industrial engineers.

The purpose of this book is to present results on the subject of weak convergence in function spaces to study invariance principles in statistical applications to dependent random variables, U-statistics, censor data analysis. Different techniques, formerly available only in a broad range of literature, are for the first time presented here in a self-contained fashion.

Contents:
Weak convergence of stochastic processes
Weak convergence in metric spaces
Weak convergence on C[0, 1] and D[0,∞)
Central limit theorem for semi-martingales and applications
Central limit theorems for dependent random variables
Empirical process
Bibliography

Chemical Product Technology focuses on materials chemistry and introduces industrial manufacturing technologies for different product types. The author presents a full cycle of product development for the materials that are used in everyday live, such as cosmetics, dyes, drugs, papers, textiles, agrochemicals, etc., starting from product selection and up to setup of manufacturing process.

Modern Science is teamwork. But how can young academics go from being a productive member of a scientific team to leading their own? Entry level positions for PhDs in Science often require the infamous "people skills". The authors aim to equip young academics with the right ideas and strategies for their scientific leadership development. Become a successful leader not with tricks, but with an inspiring and straightforward vision and mission, the correct mindset, and effective teamwork.

Environmental Engineering provides a profound introduction to Ecology, Chemistry, Microbiology, Geology and Hydrology engineering. The authors explain transport phenomena, air pollution control, waste water management and soil treatment to address the issue of energy preservation, production asset and control of waste from human and animal activities. Modeling of environmental processes and risk assessment conclude the interdisciplinary approach.

Product and Process Design: Driving Innovation is a comprehensive textbook for students and industrial professionals. It treats the combined design of innovative products and their innovative manufacturing processes, providing specific methods for BSc, MSc, PDEng and PhD courses. Students, industrial innovators and managers are guided through all design steps in all innovation stages (discovery, concept, feasibility, development, detailed engineering, and implementation) to successfully obtain novel products and their novel processes.

The authors’ decades of innovation experience in industry, as well as in teaching BSc, MSc, and post-academic product and process design courses, thereby including the latest design publications, culminate in this book.

This book is intended as an introduction to Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics for students in mathematics, the physical sciences, engineering, and related fields. It is based on the author’s 25 years of experience teaching probability and is squarely aimed at helping students overcome common difficulties in learning the subject. The focus of the book is an explanation of the theory, mainly by the use of many examples. Whenever possible, proofs of stated results are provided. All sections conclude with a short list of problems. The book also includes several optional sections on more advanced topics. This textbook would be ideal for use in a first course in Probability Theory.

Contents:
Probabilities
Conditional Probabilities and Independence
Random Variables and Their Distribution
Operations on Random Variables
Expected Value, Variance, and Covariance
Normally Distributed Random Vectors
Limit Theorems
Mathematical Statistics
Appendix
Bibliography
Index

This book is an introduction to financial mathematics. It is intended for graduate students in mathematics and for researchers working in academia and industry.
The focus on stochastic models in discrete time has two immediate benefits. First, the probabilistic machinery is simpler, and one can discuss right away some of the key problems in the theory of pricing and hedging of financial derivatives. Second, the paradigm of a complete financial market, where all derivatives admit a perfect hedge, becomes the exception rather than the rule. Thus, the need to confront the intrinsic risks arising from market incomleteness appears at a very early stage.
The first part of the book contains a study of a simple one-period model, which also serves as a building block for later developments. Topics include the characterization of arbitrage-free markets, preferences on asset profiles, an introduction to equilibrium analysis, and monetary measures of financial risk.
In the second part, the idea of dynamic hedging of contingent claims is developed in a multiperiod framework. Topics include martingale measures, pricing formulas for derivatives, American options, superhedging, and hedging strategies with minimal shortfall risk.
This fourth, newly revised edition contains more than one hundred exercises. It also includes material on risk measures and the related issue of model uncertainty, in particular a chapter on dynamic risk measures and sections on robust utility maximization and on efficient hedging with convex risk measures.

Contents:
Part I: Mathematical finance in one period
Arbitrage theory
Preferences
Optimality and equilibrium
Monetary measures of risk
Part II: Dynamic hedging
Dynamic arbitrage theory
American contingent claims
Superhedging
Efficient hedging
Hedging under constraints
Minimizing the hedging error
Dynamic risk measures

This book presents digital signal processing theories and methods and their applications in data analysis, error analysis and statistical signal processing. Algorithms and Matlab programming are included to guide readers step by step in dealing with practical difficulties. Designed in a self-contained way, the book is suitable for graduate students in electrical engineering, information science and engineering in general.

This textbook is devoted to a compressed and self-contained exposition of two important parts of contemporary mathematics: convex and set-valued analysis. In the first part, properties of convex sets, the theory of separation, convex functions and their differentiability, properties of convex cones in finite- and infinite-dimensional spaces are discussed. The second part covers some important parts of set-valued analysis. There the properties of the Hausdorff metric and various continuity concepts of set-valued maps are considered. The great attention is paid also to measurable set-valued functions, continuous, Lipschitz and some special types of selections, fixed point and coincidence theorems, covering set-valued maps, topological degree theory and differential inclusions.

Contents:
Preface
Part I: Convex analysis
Convex sets and their properties
The convex hull of a set. The interior of convex sets
The affine hull of sets. The relative interior of convex sets
Separation theorems for convex sets
Convex functions
Closedness, boundedness, continuity, and Lipschitz property of convex functions
Conjugate functions
Support functions
Differentiability of convex functions and the subdifferential
Convex cones
A little more about convex cones in infinite-dimensional spaces
A problem of linear programming
More about convex sets and convex hulls
Part II: Set-valued analysis
Introduction to the theory of topological and metric spaces
The Hausdorff metric and the distance between sets
Some fine properties of the Hausdorff metric
Set-valued maps. Upper semicontinuous and lower semicontinuous set-valued maps
A base of topology of the spaceHc(X)
Measurable set-valued maps. Measurable selections and measurable choice theorems
The superposition set-valued operator
The Michael theorem and continuous selections. Lipschitz selections. Single-valued approximations
Special selections of set-valued maps
Differential inclusions
Fixed points and coincidences of maps in metric spaces
Stability of coincidence points and properties of covering maps
Topological degree and fixed points of set-valued maps in Banach spaces
Existence results for differential inclusions via the fixed point method
Notation
Bibliography
Index

This book provides the fundamental concepts required for the development of an efficient small-scale wind turbine. For centuries, engineers and scientists have used wind turbines of all shapes and sizes to harvest wind energy. Large-scale wind turbines have been successful at producing great amounts of power when deployed in sites with vast, open space, such as in fi elds or in offshore waters. For environments with limited space, such as dense urban environments, small-scale wind turbines are an attractive alternative for taking advantage of the ubiquity of wind. However, many of today’s tools for aerodynamic design and analysis were originally developed for large-scale turbines and do not scale down to these smaller devices. Arranged in a systematic and comprehensive manner, complete with supporting examples, Wind Energy Harvesting: Micro- To Small-Scale Turbines is a useful reference for undergraduate and graduate level classes on energy harvesting, sustainable energy, and fl uid dynamics, and an introduction to the field for non-technical readers.

Advanced data management has always been at the core of efficient database and information systems. Recent trends like big data and cloud computing have aggravated the need for sophisticated and flexible data storage and processing solutions.
This book provides a comprehensive coverage of the principles of data management developed in the last decades with a focus on data structures and query languages. It treats a wealth of different data models and surveys the foundations of structuring, processing, storing and querying data according these models.

Starting off with the topic of database design, it further discusses weaknesses of the relational data model, and then proceeds to convey the basics of graph data, tree-structured XML data, key-value pairs and nested, semi-structured JSON data, columnar and record-oriented data as well as object-oriented data. The final chapters round the book off with an analysis of fragmentation, replication and consistency strategies for data management in distributed databases as well as recommendations for handling polyglot persistence in multi-model databases and multi-database architectures.

While primarily geared towards students of Master-level courses in Computer Science and related areas, this book may also be of benefit to practitioners looking for a reference book on data modeling and query processing. It provides both theoretical depth and a concise treatment of open source technologies currently on the market.

This introductory text combines models from physics and biology with rigorous reasoning in describing the theory of ordinary differential equations along with applications and computer simulations with Maple. Offering a concise course in the theory of ordinary differential equations, it also enables the reader to enter the field of computer simulations. Thus, it is a valuable read for students in mathematics as well as in physics and engineering. It is also addressed to all those interested in mathematical modeling with ordinary differential equations and systems.

Contents
Part I: Theory
Chapter 1 First-Order Differential Equations
Chapter 2 Linear Differential Systems
Chapter 3 Second-Order Differential Equations
Chapter 4 Nonlinear Differential Equations
Chapter 5 Stability of Solutions
Chapter 6 Differential Systems with Control Parameters

Part II: Exercises
Seminar 1 Classes of First-Order Differential Equations
Seminar 2 Mathematical Modeling with Differential Equations
Seminar 3 Linear Differential Systems
Seminar 4 Second-Order Differential Equations
Seminar 5 Gronwall’s Inequality
Seminar 6 Method of Successive Approximations
Seminar 7 Stability of Solutions

Part III: Maple Code
Lab 1 Introduction to Maple
Lab 2 Differential Equations with Maple
Lab 3 Linear Differential Systems
Lab 4 Second-Order Differential Equations
Lab 5 Nonlinear Differential Systems
Lab 6 Numerical Computation of Solutions
Lab 7 Writing Custom Maple Programs
Lab 8 Differential Systems with Control Parameters

There are many threats to global health in the 21st century: newly emerging infectious diseases, climate change, non-communicable diseases spreading among different societies and many more. There is an urgent need to find answers to questions how to organize an efficient health care system, how to define best practices in health policies and health politics, how to ensure universal coverage for all and how to fight new and old diseases.

This textbook gives an introduction in this intersdisciplinary field and addresses current and imminent aspects of global health. It assembles the fields of medicine, health sciences, political and social sciences, epidemiology as well as economic and management aspects of health and addresses at both students and global health care workers.

Motivated by a plethora of phenomena from nature, this textbook introduces into the physics of wetting of surfaces. After a brief discussion of the foundations of surface tension, its implementation for floating objects, capillary waves, bouncing droplets, walking of water striders, etc. is discussed. Furthermore, Marangoni flows, surface tension inspired instabilities, condensation and evaporation of droplets, liquid marbles, superhydrophobicity and superoleophobicity (lotus effect) are introduced. All relevant concepts are illustrated by the numerous qualitative and quantitative exercises.

Contents
What is surface tension?
Wetting of surfaces: the contact angle
Surface tension-assisted floating of heavy and light objects and walking of water striders
Capillary interactions between particles. Particles placed on liquid surfaces. Elasticity of liquid surfaces, covered by colloidal particles
Capillary waves
Oscillation of droplets
Marangoni flow and surface instabilities
Evaporation of droplets. The Kelvin and the coffee-stain effects
Condensation, growth and coalescence of droplets and the breath-figure self-assembly
Dynamics of wetting: bouncing, spreading and rolling of droplets (water hammer effect – water entry and drag-out problems)Superhydrophobicity and superoleophobicity: the Wenzel and Cassie wetting regimes
The Leidenfrost effect. Liquid marbles: self-propulsion
Physics, geometry, life and death of soap films and bubbles

Research Laboratory Safety explains the most important prerequisite when working in a laboratory: Knowing the potential hazards of equipment and the chemical materials to be employed. Students learn how to assess and control risks in a research laboratory and to identify a possible danger. An approach on the hazard classes such as physical, chemical, biological and radiation hazards is given and exercises to each class prepare for exams.

This textbook on functional analysis offers a short and concise introduction to the subject. The book is designed in such a way as to provide a smooth transition between elementary and advanced topics and its modular structure allows for an easy assimilation of the content. Starting from a dedicated chapter on the axiom of choice, subsequent chapters cover Hilbert spaces, linear operators, functionals and duality, Fourier series, Fourier transform, the fixed point theorem, Baire categories, the uniform bounded principle, the open mapping theorem, the closed graph theorem, the Hahn–Banach theorem, adjoint operators, weak topologies and reflexivity, operators in Hilbert spaces, spectral theory of operators in Hilbert spaces, and compactness. Each chapter ends with workable problems.
The book is suitable for graduate students, but also for advanced undergraduates, in mathematics and physics.

Contents:
List of Figures
Basic Notation
Choice Principles
Hilbert Spaces
Completeness, Completion and Dimension
Linear Operators
Functionals and Dual Spaces
Fourier Series
Fourier Transform
Fixed Point Theorem
Baire Category Theorem
Uniform Boundedness Principle
Open Mapping Theorem
Closed Graph Theorem
Hahn–Banach Theorem
The Adjoint Operator
Weak Topologies and Reflexivity
Operators in Hilbert Spaces
Spectral Theory of Operators on Hilbert Spaces
Compactness
Bibliography
Index

Metals and Alloys continues the series of graduate textbooks on Industrial Chemistry by Mark A. Benvenuto. It shows the essential industrial applications, processes and chemistry background for the extraction of metals, as well as the production and applications of alloys. The book discusses how large scale and minor processes affect every-day life, challenges in prevention and removal of waste by-products and illustrates selected chemical processes for which efforts have been made to improve and “green” industrial production of metals and alloys.

Sources for metals are sorted by metal and alloy and backed by basic chemical background information and process set up. Overviews on worldwide ore distribution, refined metal and alloy production numbers are another focus of the book.

• Discusses sources, key processes and applications.
• Connects what students learn in class to real, large-scale metals chemistry that makes modern life possible.
• Intended for students, graduate students and beginners in the fiield of Chemistry, Chemical Process Engineering, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science.
• Visit degruyter.com for more information on books by Mark A. Benvenuto: Industrial Chemistry (2013), Industrial Chemistry: For Advanced Students (2015) and Industrial Inorganic Chemistry (2015).

About the Author:

Mark Anthony Benvenuto

A Fellow of the American Chemical Society, he received his PhD in inorganic chemistry from the University of Virginia. After a post-doctoral fellowship at the Pennsylvania State University, he joined the University of Detroit Mercy, where he is now the Department Chairman and teaches an industrial chemistry course.

The Internet and "social media" may initially have been understood as just one more instrument politicians could employ to manage without political parties. However, these media cannot be reduced to being a tool available solely to politicians. The electronic media make reinforcement of the "glocalization" of the public and political sphere, a process already set in motion with the advent of television, and they can develop the trend even further.

Political parties are therefore once again becoming indispensable; they are in an unparalleled position to recreate social and political bonds, for only they stand both at the center and on the periphery of the new sphere encompassing public and political life.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

New Technologies: Helping Political Parties and the Democratic Processes or Threatening Them? (Guy Lachapelle and Philippe J. Maarek)

Part I: The Integration of Technological Innovations in the Practices of Parties and Citizens

Innovations in Information Technology in American Party Politics Since 1960 (Kenneth Janda)

Internet, Social Media Use and Political Participation in the 2013 Parliamentary Election in Germany (Reimar Zeh and Christina Holtz-Bacha)

Part II: The Consequences of New Technologies on Activism

The Decline of Activism in Political Parties: Adaptation Strategies and
New Technologies (Eric Montigny)

Party Activists and Partisan Communication in Quebec (Isabelle Gusse)

Part III: The New Role Played by Social Networks

Changing Communications? Political Parties and Web 2.0 in the 2011 New Zealand General Election (Ashley Murchison)

Social Media and American Presidential Campaigns: The Dark Side of the
Electoral Process (Karine Premont and Charles-Antoine Millette)

Part IV: The Resilience of the Printed Press in the United Kingdom

The United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP) and the British Press:
Integration, Immigration and Integrity (David Deacon and Dominic Wring)

Part V: New Technologies and Leadership Evolution

Political parties and the Internet: changes in society, changing politics –
the case of the Parti Quebecois (Guy Lachapelle)

Political communication, electronic media and social networks in France (Philippe J. Maarek)

Index of Proper Nouns

This textbook is for graduate students and researchers who want a definitive discussion regarding the chemistry of materials. The text guides the reader through the different classes of materials, the chemistry of each class, and the devices and other technologies made from the materials.

"Higher mathematics" once pointed towards the involvement of infinity. This we label analysis. The ancient Greeks had helped it to a first high point when they mastered the infinite. The book traces the history of analysis along the risky route of serial procedures through antiquity. It took quite long for this type of mathematics to revive in our region. When and where it did, infinite series proved the driving force. Not until a good two millennia had gone by, would analysis head towards Greek rigor again. To follow all that trial, error and final accomplishment, is more than studying history: It provides touching, worthwhile access to advanced calculus. Moreover, some steps beyond convergence show infinite series to naturally fit a wider frame.

The contemporary fields of the study of culture, the humanities and the social sciences are unfolding in a dynamic constellation of cultural turns. This book provides a comprehensive overview of these theoretically and methodologically groundbreaking reorientations. It discusses the value of the new focuses and their analytical categories for the work of a wide range of disciplines. In addition to chapters on the interpretive, performative, reflexive, postcolonial, translational, spatial and iconic turns, it discusses emerging directions of research.
Drawing on a wealth of international research, this book maps central topics and approaches in the study of culture and thus provides systematic impetus for changed disciplinary and transdisciplinary research in the humanities and beyond – e.g., in the fields of sociology, economics and the study of religion.
This work is the English translation by Adam Blauhut of an influential German book that has now been completely revised. It is a stimulating example of a cross-cultural translation between different theoretical cultures and also the first critical synthesis of cultural turns in the English-speaking world.

"Organic Trace Analysis" presents the basics of trace analysis, from sample preparation to the measurement: Students are introduced to statistical evaluation, quality control technologies, sampling and preparation of organic traces, as well as to enrichment and separation of samples. Spectroscopic techniques as chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and receptor-based bioanalysis are presented in detail.

This two-volume graduate textbook gives a comprehensive, state-of-the-art account of describing large subgroups of the unit group of the integral group ring of a finite group and, more generally, of the unit group of an order in a finite dimensional semisimple rational algebra. Since the book is addressed to graduate students as well as young researchers, all required background on these diverse areas, both old and new, is included. Supporting problems illustrate the results and complete some of the proofs.

Volume 1 contains all the details on describing generic constructions of units and the subgroup they generate. Volume 2 mainly is about structure theorems and geometric methods. Without being encyclopaedic, all main results and techniques used to achieve these results are included.

Basic courses in group theory, ring theory and field theory are assumed as background.

Non-chemists in environmental sciences and engineering (e.g. physicists, biologists, ecologists, geographers, soil scientists, hydrologists, meteorologists, economists, engineers) need chemical basic knowledge for understanding chemical processes in the environment. This book focuses on general and fundamental chemistry (including required physics) such as properties and bonding of matter, chemical kinetics and mechanisms, phase and chemical equilibrium, the basic features of air (gases), water (liquids) and soil (solids) and the most important substances and their reactions in the environment. Selected key environmental chemical processes are shortly characterised in the light of multi-component and multiphase chemistry.

This book is also useful for chemists who are beginning work on environmental issues.

Tensor calculus is a prerequisite for many tasks in physics and engineering. This book introduces the symbolic and the index notation side by side and offers easy access to techniques in the field by focusing on algorithms in index notation. It explains the required algebraic tools and contains numerous exercises with answers, making it suitable for self study for students and researchers in areas such as solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, and electrodynamics.

Contents
Algebraic Tools
Tensor Analysis in Symbolic Notation and in Cartesian Coordinates
Algebra of Second Order Tensors
Tensor Analysis in Curvilinear Coordinates
Representation of Tensor Functions
Appendices: Solutions to the Problems; Cylindrical Coordinates and Spherical Coordinates

This accessible and easy-to-read book provides many examples to illustrate diverse topics in probability and statistics, from initial concepts up to advanced calculations. Special attention is devoted e.g. to independency of events, inequalities in probability and functions of random variables. The book is directed to students of mathematics, statistics, engineering, and other quantitative sciences, in particular to readers who need or want to learn by self-study. The author is convinced that sophisticated examples are more useful for the student than a lengthy formalism treating the greatest possible generality.

Contents:
Mathematics revision
Introduction to probability
Finite sample spaces
Conditional probability and independence
One-dimensional random variables
Functions of random variables
Bi-dimensional random variables
Characteristics of random variables
Discrete probability models
Continuous probability models
Generating functions in probability
Sums of many random variables
Samples and sampling distributions
Estimation of parameters
Hypothesis tests

"Flow Chemistry fills the gap in graduate education by covering chemistry and reaction principles along with current practice, including examples of relevant commercial reaction, separation, automation, and analytical equipment. The Editors of Flow Chemistry are commended for having taken the initiative to bring together experts from the field to provide a comprehensive treatment of fundamental and practical considerations underlying flow chemistry. It promises to become a useful study text and as well as reference for the graduate students and practitioners of flow chemistry." Professor Klavs Jensen Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
Broader theoretical insight in driving a chemical reaction automatically opens the window towards new technologies particularly to flow chemistry. This emerging concept promotes the transformation of present day's organic processes into a more rapid continuous set of synthesis operations, more compatible with the envisioned sustainable world. These two volumes Fundamentals and Applications provide both the theoretical foundation as well as the practical aspects.

This book is based on the experience of teaching the subject by the author in Russia, France, South Africa and Sweden. The author provides students and teachers with an easy to follow textbook spanning a variety of topics on tensors, Riemannian geometry and geometric approach to partial differential equations. Application of approximate transformation groups to the equations of general relativity in the de Sitter space simplifies the subject significantly.

The human body includes very effective and efficient technology, such as light receptors (eyes), chemical receptors (tongue and nose), and movement (muscles). This book explains how these functions work on the molecular level and then discusses nanotechnology that uses the same structure-function relationships.

The aim of the book is to give a broad introduction of topology to undergraduate students. It covers the most important and useful parts of the point-set as well as the combinatorial topology. The development of the material is from simple to complex, concrete to abstract, and appeals to the intuition of readers. Attention is also paid to how topology is actually used in the other fields of mathematics. Over 150 illustrations, 160 examples and 600 exercises will help readers to practice and fully understand the subject.

Contents:
Set and Map
Metric Space
Graph
Topology
Topological Concepts
Complex
Topological Properties
Surface
Topics in Point Set Topology
Index

Nanotechnology safety is the practice of handling engineered nanomaterials in production and manufacturing. Good practice consists of understanding and interpreting Material Safety Data Sheets, behaving safely when working with yet unknown nanomaterials, understanding health effects, and proactively creating safety measures against potential hazards. This book introduces nanotechnology risk management to readers from academia and industry.

All relevant implementation aspects of finite element methods are discussed in this book. The focus is on algorithms and data structures as well as on their concrete implementation. Theory is covered only as far as it gives insight into the construction of algorithms. In the exercises, a complete FE-solver for stationary 2D problems is implemented in Matlab/Octave.

Contents:
Finite Element Fundamentals
Grids and Finite Elements
Assembly
Solvers
Error Estimation
Mesh Refinement
Multigrid
Elastomechanics
Fluid Mechanics
Grid Data Structure
Function Reference

Cryptography has become essential as bank transactions, credit card infor-mation, contracts, and sensitive medical information are sent through inse-cure channels. This book is concerned with the mathematical, especially algebraic, aspects of cryptography. It grew out of many courses presented by the authors over the past twenty years at various universities and covers a wide range of topics in mathematical cryptography. It is primarily geared towards graduate students and advanced undergraduates in mathematics and computer science, but may also be of interest to researchers in the area.

Besides the classical methods of symmetric and private key encryption, the book treats the mathematics of cryptographic protocols and several unique topics such as

• Group-Based Cryptography
• Gröbner Basis Methods in Cryptography
• Lattice-Based Cryptography

This two-volume graduate textbook gives a comprehensive, state-of-the-art account of describing large subgroups of the unit group of the integral group ring of a finite group and, more generally, of the unit group of an order in a finite dimensional semisimple rational algebra. Since the book is addressed to graduate students as well as young researchers, all required background on these diverse areas, both old and new, is included. Supporting problems illustrate the results and complete some of the proofs.

Volume 1 contains all the details on describing generic constructions of units and the subgroup they generate. Volume 2 mainly is about structure theorems and geometric methods. Without being encyclopaedic, all main results and techniques used to achieve these results are included.

Basic courses in group theory, ring theory and field theory are assumed as background.

Medical Physics covers the applied branch of physics concerned with the application of concepts and methods of physics to diagnostics and therapeutics of human diseases. The first part, Physical and Physiological Aspects of the Body, covers those body systems that have a strong physical component, such as body mechanics, energy household, action potential, signal transmission in neurons, respiratory and circulatory system as well as visual and sound perception. The second part of this volume, Imaging Modalities without Ionizing Radiation, introduces sonography, endoscopy, and magnetic resonance imaging.

The second volume complements the imaging modalities with the use of ionizing radiation: x-ray radiography, scintigraphy, SPECT, and PET. This first part is followed by chapters on radiation treatment of tumors, in particular x-ray radiotherapy, proton and neutron radiation therapy, and brachytherapy. The last part treats aspects of diagnostics and therapeutics beyond radiology, including laser applications, multifunctional nanoparticles and prosthetics.

This first volume

- connects the basic principles of physics with the functionality of the body and with physical methods used for diagnostics and therapeutics.
- covers the first part of the entire field, including the physics of the body and imaging methods without the use of ionizing radiation.
- provides an introduction for Bachelor students to the main concepts of Medical Physics during their first semesters guiding them to further specialized and advanced literature.
- contains many questions & answers related to the content of each chapter.
- is also available as a set together with Volume 2.

Contents
Part A: Physical and physiological aspects of the body
Brief overview of body parts and functions
Body mechanics and muscles
Elastomechanics: bones and fractures
Energy household of the body
Resting potential and action potential
Signal transmission in neurons
Electrophysical aspects of the heart
The circulatory system
The respiratory system
Kidneys
Basic mechanism of vision
Sound and sound perception

Part B: Imaging modalities without ionizing radiation
Sonography
Endoscopy
Magnetic resonance imaging
Questions & answers

Intermetallic compounds play an extraordinary role in daily life for construction materials and well-defined functions that are based on their specific chemical and physical properties, e.g. magnetism and superconductivity. High-tech materials are meanwhile indispensable in our technology-driven information society.

The Periodic Table comprises more than 80 metallic elements which offer an incredible potential for formation of binary, ternary and even multinary intermetallic compounds with peculiar crystal structures and properties. The present textbook introduces into the basics of intermetallic chemistry with an emphasis on crystal chemistry and selected chemical and physical properties.

A profound understanding of the physical laws underlying energy converters is a prerequisite for a sustainable use of our energy resources.
The aim of this textbook is to provide a unified view on the different energy conversion processes ranging from power plants to solar cells. It offers an interdisciplinary introduction to energy sciences for senior undergraduate and graduate students from natural sciences and engineering. The central theme is the treatment of energy converters as open thermodynamical systems and the performance of efficiency analyses, based on the concept of exergy.

• Presents the physics behind the most important energy converters in a unified framework.
• Evaluates the performance of ideal and realistic energy converters in terms of energy and exergy efficiencies
• Provides basic concepts needed for a discussion of energy converters, such as chemical and applied thermodynamics, electrochemistry and solid state physics.

About the Authors

Katharina Krischer

is a professor of physics at the Technische Universität München, Germany. She has taught lectures on energy sciences for undergraduate and graduate students for more than 10 years. Her research topics include the photo-electrochemical production of solar fuels.

Konrad Schönleber

is a researcher in the group of Prof. Krischer which he joined after graduating in physics from the Technische Universität München. His research interest focuses on light-driven semiconductor electrochemistry and its application for renewable energies.

This book is written for engineering students and working professionals. Technical professionals are increasingly involved in IT issues, such as implementing IT systems, managing them, and taking part in requirements analysis/vendor selection. In this book, the basics of production planning systems (PPS) are covered, as well as their implementation in ERP-Systems like SAP. Readers also learn the basics of practical IT management and software creation through detailed, real-world examples. The book serves as a full 5 ECTS study module, which fits into any engineering curriculum. 150 multiple-choice quizzes, practical exercises and a text filled with experiential examples make it a convenient choice for selfstudy and for classroom use.

This book offers a comprehensive approach to innovation management. Based on a solid scientifi c basis, it provides concepts to initiate, pursue, target and supervise innovation projects through specifi c action steps. Suitable methods are given for inventions by development, research, forecast and creativity. Each chapter offers examples and shortcut rules to facilitate the comprehension for the reader. Moreover, the author explains the historic origins of innovation and its role in economy, business, and technological progress, underlining the importance of innovation for the improvement of business or the disruption of established models.

The science of innovation aims to give a solid theoretical background to students of appropriate academic courses and to anyone interested in supporting and developing innovation projects.

The idea behind this book is to provide the mathematical foundations for assessing modern developments in the Information Age. It deepens and complements the basic concepts, but it also considers instructive and more advanced topics. The treatise starts with a general chapter on algebraic structures; this part provides all the necessary knowledge for the rest of the book. The next chapter gives a concise overview of cryptography. Chapter 3 on number theoretic algorithms is important for developping cryptosystems, Chapter 4 presents the deterministic primality test of Agrawal, Kayal, and Saxena. The account to elliptic curves again focuses on cryptographic applications and algorithms. With combinatorics on words and automata theory, the reader is introduced to two areas of theoretical computer science where semigroups play a fundamental role.The last chapter is devoted to combinatorial group theory and its connections to automata.

Contents:
Algebraic structures
Cryptography
Number theoretic algorithms
Polynomial time primality test
Elliptic curves
Combinatorics on words
Automata
Discrete infinite groups

Signals and systems enjoy wide application in industry and daily life, and understanding basic concepts of the subject area is of importance to undergraduates majoring in engineering. With rigorous mathematical deduction, this introductory text book is helpful for students who study communications engineering, electrical and electronic engineering, and control engineering. Additionally, supplementary materials are provided for self-learners.

This graduate textbook introduces the com-putational techniques to study ultra-fast quantum dynamics of matter exposed to strong laser fields. Coverage includes methods to propagate wavefunctions according to the time dependent Schrödinger, Klein-Gordon or Dirac equation, the calculation of typical observables, time-dependent density functional theory, multi configurational time-dependent Hartree-Fock, time-dependent configuration interaction singles, the strong-field approximation, and the microscopic particle-in-cell approach.

Contents

How to propagate a wavefunction?

Calculation of typical strong-field observables

Time-dependent relativistic wave equations: Numerics of the Dirac and the

Klein-Gordon equation

Time-dependent density functional theory

The multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree-Fock method

Time-dependent configuration interaction singles

Strong-field approximation and quantum orbits

Microscopic particle-in-cell approach

This revised 2nd edition of Engineering Risk Management presents engineering aspects of risk management. After an introduction to potential risks the authors presents management principles, risk diagnostics, analysis and treatments followed by examples of practical implementation in chemistry, physics and emerging technologies such as nanoparticles.

L’ouvrage constitue une introduction au lexique français de l’économie et de la gestion. Il s’adresse aux étudiants et professionnels non francophones disposant de bonnes connaissances de la langue française ainsi qu’aux enseignants de français économique. Il présente un riche panorama de thèmes économiques, juridiques, sociaux et culturels et des exercices afin de familiariser le lecteur avec les notions de base de la science économique.

This book serves as an introduction to the French language of economy and business economics. Aimed at non-Francophone students and professionals with a good knowledge of French and at teachers of business French, it discusses a vast array of economic, legal, social and cultural topics and contains numerous exercises. The volume is intended to familiarize its readers with the basics of economics.

L’ouvrage constitue une introduction au lexique français de l’économie et de la gestion. Il s’adresse aux étudiants et professionnels non francophones disposant de bonnes connaissances de la langue française ainsi qu’aux enseignants de français économique. Il présente un riche panorama de thèmes économiques, juridiques, sociaux et culturels et des exercices afin de familiariser le lecteur avec les notions de base de la science économique.

Currently, most of the textile industry and textile institutions are located in South Asia. The textile industry leads to the development of clothing from fibres, yarns, and fabrics. The industry is growing in this area as it has already been shifted from Europe and is being shifting from China. As the textile industry is growing, many new textile intuitions are being established to provide for quality textile education. This introductory level textbooks is geared towars them.

This book will provide all necessary information from fibres to fabrics and their conversion to clothing. The importance of textiles in the current era along with the raw materials needed for the textiles are given. After that, it is explained how the yarn is made from fibres. Then the fabrics manufacturing, the printing and dyeing of textiles and the conversion of fabrics into the garments is discussed. Also, the testing of fibres, yarns and fabrics along with the description of technical textiles is mentioned.

This book is beneficial for all readers who are going to start their career in textiles or are going to start the engineering degree in textiles. The present book is designed for the first year students (especially for the National Textile University Faisalabad) of textile engineering.

In this textbook, a concise approach to complex analysis of one and several variables is presented. After an introduction of Cauchy‘s integral theorem general versions of Runge‘s approximation theorem and Mittag-Leffler‘s theorem are discussed. The fi rst part ends with an analytic characterization of simply connected domains. The second part is concerned with functional analytic methods: Fréchet and Hilbert spaces of holomorphic functions, the Bergman kernel, and unbounded operators on Hilbert spaces to tackle the theory of several variables, in particular the inhomogeneous Cauchy-Riemann equations and the d-bar Neumann operator.

Contents
Complex numbers and functions
Cauchy’s Theorem and Cauchy’s formula
Analytic continuation
Construction and approximation of holomorphic functions
Harmonic functions
Several complex variables
Bergman spaces
The canonical solution operator to
Nuclear Fréchet spaces of holomorphic functions
The -complex
The twisted -complex and Schrödinger operators

This textbook is a compendium for further education of students and professionals in aerospace industry. It covers the fundamentals of aerospace and explains the details of technical implementations. These are organised in the border area of technical feasibility. The authors discuss constraints of space flight and key elements of rocket motors and power supply in more detail. The accessibility of the celestial bodies is tabulated and documented in the outlook chapter, in which the largest vision of space flight, humans to Mars, is explained.

From the content:
Historical Background
Basic Principles
Propulsion Systems
Missions
Energy Sources
Materials and Lubricants
Processes
Products
Projects and Payloads
Launch Sites
Environmental and Boundary Conditions
Conclusions and Outlook
Appendix with an extensive collection of formulas

The book begins by introducing signals and systems, and then discusses Time-Domain analysis and Frequency-Domain analysis for Continuous-Time systems. It also covers Z-transform, state-space analysis and system synthesis. The author provides abundant examples and exercises to facilitate learning, preparing students for subsequent courses on circuit analysis and communication theory.

Covering both physical as well as mathematical and algorithmic foundations, this graduate textbook provides the reader with an introduction into modern biomedical imaging and image processing and reconstruction. These techniques are not only based on advanced instrumentation for image acquisition, but equally on new developments in image processing and reconstruction to extract relevant information from recorded data. To this end, the present book offers a quantitative treatise of radiography, computed tomography, and medical physics.

Contents
Introduction
Digital image processing
Essentials of medical x-ray physics
Tomography
Radiobiology, radiotherapy, and radiation protection
Phase contrast radiography
Object reconstruction under nonideal conditions

This comprehensive two-volume graduate textbook presents the theoretical basis of optics and spectroscopy together with their advancement to the nanoscale, relevant experimental and numerical techniques, and selected emerging applications of nanospectroscopy. The work aims at students of the natural sciences and interested readers entering this fascinating interdisciplinary field.

Vol. 1 "Fundamentals & Methods" covers the basics of optical nanospectroscopy from the fundamentals of light-matter-interaction, through an overview over optical spectroscopies in general, to the specific techniques in nanospectroscopy that either offer nanoscale resolution or are addressed to nano-objects.

Vol. 2 "Instrumentation, Simulation & Materials" presents theoretical and experimental methods essential for nanospectroscopy. The work explains necessary instrumentation, gives insights into simulation tools and introduces a wide variety of nanomaterials typically investigated by nanospectroscopy.

Set price EUR 99.95 instead of EUR 139.90.

Also from the Editors: "Optical Nanospectroscopy. Applications" presentíng numerous examples in modern photonics and optical sensing or state-of-the-art applications in material, chemical and biological sciences.

This comprehensive two-volume graduate textbook presents the theoretical basis of optics and spectroscopy together with their advancement to the nanoscale, relevant experimental and numerical techniques, and selected emerging applications of nanospectroscopy. The work aims at students of the natural sciences and interested readers entering this fascinating interdisciplinary field.

Volume 2 covers theoretical and experimental methods essential for nanospectroscopy. The work explains necessary instrumentation, gives insights into simulation tools and introduces a wide variety of nanomaterials typically investigated by nanospectroscopy.

Vol. 1: Fundamentals & Methods.

The work "Optical Nanospectroscopy. Applications" presents numerous examples in modern photonics and optical sensing or state-of-the-art applications in material, chemical and biological sciences.

This comprehensive two-volume graduate textbook presents the theoretical basis of optics and spectroscopy together with their advancement to the nanoscale, relevant experimental and numerical techniques, and selected emerging applications of nanospectroscopy. The work aims at students of the natural sciences and interested readers entering this fascinating interdisciplinary field.

Volume 1 covers the basics of optical nanospectroscopy from the fundamentals of light-matter-interaction, through an overview over optical spectroscopies in general, to the specific techniques in nanospectroscopy that either offer nanoscale resolution or are addressed to nano-objects.

Vol. 2: Instrumentation, Simulation & Materials.

The work "Optical Nanospectroscopy. Applications" presents numerous examples in modern photonics and optical sensing or state-of-the-art applications in material, chemical and biological sciences.

This book is your graduate level entrance into battery, fuel cell and solar cell research at synchrotron x-ray sources. Materials scientists find numerous examples for the combination of electrochemical experiments with simple and with highly complex x-ray scattering and spectroscopy methods. Physicists and chemists can link applied electrochemistry with fundamental concepts of condensed matter physics, physical chemistry and surface science.

Contents:
Introduction
Molecular Structure and Electronic Structure
Crystal Structure and Microstructure
Real Space Imaging and Tomography
Resonant Methods and Chemical Contrast Variation
Surface Sensitive and Volume Sensitive Methods
Organic and Bio-Organic Samples
Complex Case Studies / Electrochemical In Situ Studies
Correlation of Electronic Structure And Conductivity
Radiation Damages
Background Subtraction
X-Ray Physics Nobel Prizes
Synchrotron Centers World
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Kα,Β X-Ray Energies
Periodic Table of Elements

This textbook offers a high-level introduction to multi-variable differential calculus. Differential forms are introduced incrementally in the narrative, eventually leading to a unified treatment of Green’s, Stokes’ and Gauss’ theorems. Furthermore, the presentation offers a natural route to differential geometry.

Contents:
Calculus of Vector Functions
Tangent Spaces and 1-forms
Line Integrals
Differential Calculus of Mappings
Applications of Differential Calculus
Double and Triple Integrals
Wedge Products and Exterior Derivatives
Integration of Forms
Stokes’ Theorem and Applications

Chemistry of High-Energy Materials continues in this new and revised 3rd edition to provide fundamental scientific insights into primary and secondary explosives, propellants, rocket fuel and pyrotechnics. The contents of the previous edition were meticulously updated and recent research developments added to this graduate-level textbook. Applications in military and civil fields are discussed. Especially environmental issues caused by lead-based primary explosives, perchlorates in pyrotechnic formulations and modern signal flare compositions are discussed and current research presented. Further additions include the understanding of the mechanism and continuing development of laser ignition methods, techniques for the characterization of detonators and their output as well as principles and effects of underwater explosions.

New in the 3rd Edition:

• Revised and updated content, new study problems and questions.

• Extended examination of the application of ionic liquids in the field and hydrodynamics.

• Intended for advanced students in chemistry, materials science and engineering, as well as to all those working in defense technology.

"This book makes a nice addition to the shelf of everyone involved with energetic materials. As such it is recommended as a very useful reference for both students and experienced readers."
Ernst-Christian Koch on the 2nd Edition in: Propellants Explosive Pyrotechnics 16/2011

Upcoming titles by Thomas M. Klapötke:

• Energetic Materials Encyclopedia (January 2018)

Thomas M. Klapötke

CSci CChem FRSC was from 1995 until 1997 Ramsay Professor of Chemistry at the University of Glasgow in Scotland. Since 1997 he has held the Chair of Inorganic Chemistry at LMU Munich.

By connecting dynamical systems and number theory, this graduate textbook on ergodic theory acts as an introduction to a highly active area of mathematics, where a variety of strands of research open up. The text explores various concepts in infinite ergodic theory, always using continued fractions and other number-theoretic dynamical systems as illustrative examples.

Contents:
Preface
Mathematical symbols
Number-theoretical dynamical systems
Basic ergodic theory
Renewal theory and α-sum-level sets
Infinite ergodic theory
Applications of infinite ergodic theory
Bibliography
Index

As the first comprehensive introduction into the rapidly evolving field of spintronics, this textbook covers ferromagnetism in nano-electrodes, spin injection, spin manipulation, and the practical use of these effects in next-generation electronics. Based on foundations in quantum mechanics and solid state physics this textbook guides the reader to the forefront of research and development in the field, based on repeated lectures given by the author.

From the content:
Low-dimensional semiconductor structures
Magnetism in solids
Diluted magnetic semiconductors
Magnetic electrodes
Spin injection
Spin transistor
Spin interference
Spin Hall effect
Quantum spin Hall effect
Topological insulators
Quantum computation with electron spins

This is a high level introduction to abstract algebra which is aimed at readers whose interests lie in mathematics and in the information and physical sciences. In addition to introducing the main concepts of modern algebra, the book contains numerous applications, which are intended to illustrate the concepts and to convince the reader of the utility and relevance of algebra today. In particular applications to Polya coloring theory, latin squares, Steiner systems and error correcting codes are described. Another feature of the book is that group theory and ring theory are carried further than is often done at this level. There is ample material here for a two semester course in abstract algebra.

The importance of proof is stressed and rigorous proofs of almost all results are given. But care has been taken to lead the reader through the proofs by gentle stages. There are nearly 400 problems, of varying degrees of difficulty, to test the reader's skill and progress. The book should be suitable for students in the third or fourth year of study at a North American university or in the second or third year at a university in Europe, and should ease the transition to (post)graduate studies.

Biotechnology is the technical application that uses living organisms or biological systems to make products that have a profound impact on agriculture, environment, and human health.
In this text book, a color-coded classification is used to present basic chapters on white, red, green and blue biotechnology. Beside traditional biotechnical processes, the book will address principles of modern biotechnology research and applications.
Each chapter has a general introduction and concluding paragraph, gives key terms, will address problems, and recommends additional readings.
This text book is ideally suited for advanced graduate or master students and will also be a good reference for PhD students, physicians, engineers, attorneys, or non-specialist with an interest into biotechnology.

Risk and Safety Management are crucial aspects in chemical industry and academic laboratories. From their rich experience in academic education and industrial practice, the authors present options for professional training addressing engineers and scientists at different career levels. The book informs about existing norms (OHSAS, ISO, etc.) and discusses examples from several countries.

The extensive use of little known electronic principles provides something like the Science of Electronics supplementing the Art of Electronics without involvement of too much theory. Whereas art can only be acquired by doing, the knowledge provided by science can be acquired from books. The ready availability of integrated circuits for practically any application reduces the art of electronics to the art of interfacing these integrated components. The practical knowledge required for that art can only be acquired by doing and not by reading. However, it takes a lot of knowledge to select the best integrated component for achieving a specific goal. Such knowledge is provided in this book. By using a holistic approach in the understanding of the various circuits and by taking ample advantage of the duality between the electrical quantities voltage and current, the understanding of the properties of electronic circuits is made easier. Besides, this approach reduces the amount of mathematics needed for a deeper understanding. Thus, this book is appropriate for scholars at the advanced undergraduate level. In particular, the important aspects of positive and negative feedback in circuits are presented in a compact way by introducing the reverse closed-loop-gain. It is quite clear that a single book cannot cover all aspects of both analog and digital electronics, the latter comprising all circuits needed for data manipulation in digital computers – which is a field in itself.

In the last decades a remarkable renaissance has materialized in insect morphology, mainly triggered by the development of new cutting-edge technologies. This is an exciting time for biological synthesis where the mysteries and data derived from genomes can be combined with centuries of data from morphology and development. And, now, more than ever, detailed knowledge of morphology is essential to understanding the evolution of all groups of organisms. In this “age of phylogenomics” researchers rely on morphological data to support molecular findings, test complex evolutionary scenarios, and for placing fossil taxa. This textbook provides an in-depth treatment of the structures and the phylogeny of the megadiverse Hexapoda. The first part presents an up-to-date overview of general insect morphology with detailed drawings, scanning electron micrographs, and 3-D reconstructions. Also included is a chapter covering innovative morphological techniques (e.g., µ-computer tomography, 3-D modeling), brief treatments of insect development and phylogenetic methods, and a comprehensive morphological glossary. The second part is of a modern synthesis of insect systematics that includes taxon-specific morphological information for all Orders. The work is an invaluable reference for students and researchers working in all facets of biology and is a must for evolutionary biologists. A detailed understanding of morphology is essential in unraveling phylogenetic relationships and developing complex evolutionary scenarios. Increasingly researchers in phylogenomics are re/turning to morphological data to support their findings, while the development of new cutting-edge technologies has further increased interest in this growing field. This definitive handbook provides an in-depth treatment of insect morphology. The first part presents an up-to-date overview of insect morphology with detailed drawings, brilliant scanning electron micrographs and 3-D reconstructions as interactive PDFs. This is complemented by a chapter on innovative morphological techniques (e.g., µ-computer tomography, 3-D modeling) and a comprehensive morphological glossary. The second part treats the state of the art in insect systematics and includes taxon-specific morphological information for all orders. Systematics are treated formally, with for example the arguments for relationships (“apomorphies”) always listed explicitly. The work is a useful reference for students and researchers working in different fields of biology and a must for those dealing with insects from an evolutionary perspective.

Intelligent Materials and Structures provides exceptional insights into designing intelligent materials and structures for special applications in engineering. The author introduces the fundamental materials science involved in research endeavors and simultaneously reviews the current state-of-the-art of intelligent materials and structures.
Separate chapters are devoted to the thorough examination of theory and application of laminated composite materials, Piezoelectricity, Shape Memory Alloys, Electro- and Magnetorheological fluids as well as Magneto- and Electrostrictive materials. Each chapter contains numerous equations and figures describing theories, models and behavior of the intelligent material discussed.
Special attention is paid to applications of intelligent materials to various structures in the aerospace and medical sector, piezoelectric motors as well as piezoelectric and electromagnetic energy harvesting.

Contents:
Introduction to Intelligent Materials and Structures
Laminated Composite Materials
Piezoelectricity
Shape Memory Alloys
Electrorheological and Magnetorheological Fluids
Magnetostrictive and Electrostrictive Materials
Applications of Intelligent Materials in Structures
Energy Harvesting using Intelligent Materials
Index

This graduate textbook covers contemporary directions of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics as well as classical methods of kinetics. Starting from phenomenological non-equilibrium thermodynamics, the kinetic equation method discussed and demonstrated with electrons and phonons in conducting crystals. Linear response theory as well as the non-equilibrium statistical operator and the master equation approach are discussed in the course of the book.

With one of the main propositions being to avoid terms such as "obviously" and "it is easy to show", this treatise is an easy-to-read introduction into this traditional, yet vibrant field. Problems and their well-documented solutions included at appropriate points of the narrative allow the reader to actively develop essential parts of the theory himself.

From the content:

1. Phenomenological thermodynamics of irreversible processes
2. Brownian motion
3. Kinetic equations in non-equilibrium thermodynamics
4. Kinetic equation for electrons and phonons in conducting crystals
5. Theory of non-linear response to an external mechanical pertubation
6. Non-equilibrium statistical operator method
7. Response of a highly non-equilibrium system to a weakly measuring field
8. Master equation approach

Process Technology provides a general overview about chemical and biochemical process technology. It focuses on the structure and development of production processes, main technological operations and the important aspects of process economics. The theoretical foundations in each chapter are supplemented by case studies and examples in a clear and instructive manner to illustrate the practical aspects.
The author highlights operating principles, reasons for application and available industrial equipment of technological operations. Aim is to facilitate those without a process technology background in multi-disciplinary cooperation with (bio-) chemical engineers by providing an overview of this exciting field.
The textbook is organized into seven distinct parts:
Structure of the chemical industry and (bio-) chemical processes
(Bio-) Chemical reaction engineering
Molecular separations (distillation, extraction, absorption, adsorption)
Mechanical separations (filtration, sedimentation, membranes)
Particle and final product manufacturing
Development, scale-up, design and safety of processes
Major industrial process descriptions

The book discusses the sciences of operations, converting raw materials into desired products on an industrial scale by applying chemical transformations and other industrial technologies.
Basics of chemical technology combining chemistry, physical transport, unit operations and chemical reactors are thoroughly prepared for an easy understanding.

Focuses on basic aspects of nano/microfibers made by electrospinning with details on spinning recipes, characterization techniques and chemistry of the polymers in use. The basic understanding provided in the book, is useful for producing 1D and 3D fibrous structures with specific properties for applications, e.g. textiles, membranes, reinforcements, catalysis, filters or biomedical uses. Students and practitioners will find great value in the step by step instructions how to manufacture nanofibers.

- Electrospinning equipment
- History of electrospinning and nanofibers -characterization-fundamentals of electrospun fibers
- Ready-made recipes for spinning solutions
- Conditions for the productions of highly diverse fiber morphologies and arrangements
- Chemistry of fiber forming materials

Distillation based on Mass Transfer Processes, starting from the basic equation of ternary distillation published by Hausen in 1932 and exploiting the properties of this equation covering all modes of distillation. The material is intended as a graduate textbook for an advanced course on distillation but will also help the practicing engineer to better understand the complex interrelationships of multi-component distillation.

Catalytic Reactors presents several key aspects of reactor design in Chemical and Process Engineering. Starting with the fundamental science across a broad interdisciplinary field, this graduate level textbook offers a concise overview on reactor and process design for students, scientists and practitioners new to the field.

This book aims to collate into a comprehensive and well-informed work of leading researchers from north America, western Europe and south-east Asia. The editor and international experts discuss state-of-the-art applications of multifunctional reactors, biocatalytic membrane reactors, micro-flow reactors, industrial catalytic reactors, micro trickle bed reactors and multiphase catalytic reactors. The use of catalytic reactor technology is essential for the economic viability of the chemical manufacturing industry. The importance of Chemical and Process Engineering and efficient design of reactors are another focus of the book. Especially the combination of advantages from both catalysis and chemical reaction technology for optimization and intensification as essential factors in the future development of reactors and processes are discussed. Furthermore, options that can drastically influence reaction processes, e.g. choice of catalysts, alternative reaction pathways, mass and heat transfer effects, flow regimes and inherent design of catalytic reactors are reviewed in detail.

• Focuses on the state-of-the-art applications of catalytic reactors and optimization in the design and operation of industrial catalytic reactors
• Insights into transfer of knowledge from laboratory science to industry
• For students and researchers in Chemical and Mechanical Engineering, Chemistry, Industrial Catalysis and practising Engineers

Biorefineries compiles the basic science and technologies used to convert terrestrial and aquatic biomass into essential molecular compounds and polymeric materials. The book provides in depth insights into this fairly recent concept of industrial chemistry that aims to achieve optimal economic profits while minimizing the environmental impact. Chapters written by renowned experts cover, amongst others, the application of catalysis, downstream processing, biomass sourced olefins, lignin biorefinery techniques and biogas.
The authors thoroughly examine and explain the value chain for biomass conversion into platform molecules and their transformation into final products. A comprehensive thematic overview on the topic giving beginners access to fundamental concepts is presented. Supplemented by numerous full color figures and tables, the contents impart knowledge about the involved techniques. Advanced students and experts in the field will find the summary of state-of-the-art research and current literature of valuable interest.

• Explores the enormous potential of biomass conversion as a future source for fuels and chemicals
• Focuses on both general scientific background and current innovations in the field of biorefinery
• Targets students and researchers in Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology, and Materials Science

About the Editors

Prof. Michele Aresta, Chair of the Scientific Committee of CIRCC in Italy and holds the IMM Chair at the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering at NUS, Singapore. He is author of over 200 papers and Author or Editor of nine books.

Prof. Angela Dibenedetto, Associate Professor at the Department of Chemistry of the University of Bari (Italy) focused on carbon dioxide utilization by applying biorefinery concepts; and Director of the Interuniversity Consortium on Chemical Reactivity and Catalysis-CIRCC.

Prof. Franck Dumeignil, Deputy Director of the CNRS joint Unit of Catalysis and Chemistry of Solid (UCCS) of Lille University (France); project coordinator of several projects on chemistry, including the EuroBioRef Project for designing next generation biorefineries.

Industrial Inorganic Chemistry adds to the previously published graduate level textbooks on Industrial Chemistry by Mark A. Benvenuto. It focuses specifically on inorganic processes, from the largest industrial process for the production of major inorganic chemicals and metals, down to and including smaller niche processes that have become extremely important in maintaining the current quality of life. The book provides a survey on the production of essential elements and compounds, such as sulfuric acid, calcium carbonate, fertilizers as well as numerous metals and alloys. In addition to the fundamental scientific principles each chapter includes discussions on the environmental impacts: mining of raw materials, creation of by-products, pollution, and waste generation, all of which have become key factors for the potential implementation of greener methods. The author also highlights ways in which industry has begun to make industrial inorganic processes more environmentally benign.

• Examines major inorganic chemistry processes, their effect on every-day life and current efforts to improve processes or adapt „green“ chemical production.
• Provides didactic links between theoretical lecture contents and current, largescale chemical processes.
• Valuable for students of Inorganic Chemistry, Industrial Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Sciences.

Nanoparticles presents the remarkable variety of nanoparticle families, compositions, structures, and functions. The book discusses nanoparticles made of semiconductors, metals, metal-oxides, organics, biological and hybrid constituents.
Through a wealth of examples and case studies, supplemented by numerous
figures, readers that are not necessarily active or experts in this area acquire a
broad overview of this exciting field at the interface between scientifi c research and practical technologies.
The contents summarize the contributions to this field of diverse scientific and technological disciplines - chemistry, physics, biology, electronics and others providing a comprehensive knowledge - the types of nanoparticles, their compositions and how the relationships between the atomic constituents affect their properties, as well as potential applications of nanoparticles.
- Covers diverse uses of nanoparticles in scientifi c research and industrial applications, underscoring their extraordinary diversity and potential utilization.
- Experimental and conceptual approaches applied to the study of nanoparticles are discussed extensively. Additional references provide the reader with a basis for further study.
- Also available by Professor Jelinek: Biomimetics - A Molecular Perspective (2013), ISBN: 978-3-11-028117-0

This textbook is an elementary introduction to the basic principles of partial differential equations. With many illustrations it introduces PDEs on an elementary level, enabling the reader to understand what partial differential equations are, where they come from and how they can be solved. The intention is that the reader understands the basic principles which are valid for particular types of PDEs, and to acquire some classical methods to solve them, thus the authors restrict their considerations to fundamental types of equations and basic methods. Only basic facts from calculus and linear ordinary differential equations of first and second order are needed as a prerequisite.

The book is addressed to students who intend to specialize in mathematics as well as to students of physics, engineering, and economics.

Water is the basis of all life. Preservation of aquatic ecosystems and protection of water resources thus are among the most important goals of a sustainable development. The quality of water is mainly determined by its constituents, the entirety of the substances dissolved or suspended in water. To assess the water quality on a sound basis requires in-depth knowledge about the occurrence, behavior and fate of these constituents. That explains the importance of hydrochemistry (also referred to as water chemistry or aquatic chemistry) as a scientific discipline that deals with water constituents and their reactions within the natural water cycle and within the cycle of water use.

This textbook introduces the elementary basics of hydrochemistry with special focus on reaction equilibria in aquatic systems and their mathematical description. It is designed as an introductory textbook for students of all environment-related courses who are beginning their hydrochemical education. Only minor knowledge in General Chemistry is required to understand the text. The book is also suitable for continuing education.

Topics discussed in this textbook include: structure and properties of water, concentration measures and activities, colligative properties, basics of chemical equilibria, gas-water partitioning, acid/base reactions, precipitation/dissolution, calco-carbonic equilibrium, redox reactions, complex formation, and sorption. The text is supplemented by numerous figures and tables. More than 50 examples within the text as well as more than 60 problems to be solved by the reader support the acquiring of knowledge. Complete and detailed solutions to all problems are given in a separate chapter.

Bioprocess engineering employs microorganisms to produce biological products for medical and industrial applications. The book covers engineering tasks around the cultivation process in bioreactors including topics like media design, feeding strategies, or cell harvesting. All aspects are described from conceptual considerations to technical realization. It gives insight to students of technical biology, bioengineering, and biotechnology by detailed explanations, drawings, formulas, and example processes. In Bioprocess Engineering upstream, bioreaction, and downstream stages are closely linked to each other. From a biological point of view photo-biotechnology is in the centre of interest as well as processes, where the particulate properties play an important role. The main technical means are fermentation under highly controlled conditions, mathematical modelling of bioprocesses including measurement of intracellular compounds, as well as mechanical separation methods arising from downstream processing.

This book is an introduction to nonlinear programming. It deals with the theoretical foundations and solution methods, beginning with the classical procedures and reaching up to “modern” methods like trust region methods or procedures for nonlinear and global optimization. A comprehensive bibliography including diverse web sites with information about nonlinear programming, in particular software, is presented. Without sacrificing the necessary mathematical rigor, excessive formalisms are avoided. Several examples, exercises with detailed solutions, and applications are provided, making the text adequate for individual studies.

The book is written for students from the fields of applied mathematics, engineering, economy, and computation.

Nuclear chemistry represents a vital field of basic and applied research. Modern applications cover, for example, fundamental aspects of energetics and high-sensitive, high-selective and non-destructive analytical technologies. Nuclear chemistry and radiopharmaceutical chemistry are increasingly used to bridge pharmaceutical and medical research with state-of-the-art non-invasive molecular diagnosis as well as with patient-individual treatment. This volume I on Introduction to Nuclear Chemistry describes the origin of unstable atoms and their various primary and secondary pathways to stabilize. Volume II illustrates the spectrum of modern applications of nuclear and radiochemistry.

In various chapters, the present volume I addresses
- the structure of atoms and the nuclei of atoms,
- the transformation of unstable nuclei to more stable nucleon configurations,
- the mechanisms of the main transformation pathways and their kinetics,
- the character of the radiation emitted from these processes,
- the interaction of this radiation with condensed matter,
- and finally nuclear reaction processes to produce new nuclei.

Nuclear chemistry represents a vital field of basic and applied research. Modern applications cover, for example, fundamental aspects of energetics and high-sensitive, high-selective and non-destructive analytical technologies. Nuclear chemistry and radiopharmaceutical chemistry are increasingly used to bridge pharmaceutical and medical research with state-of-the-art non-invasive molecular diagnosis as well as with patient-individual treatment. While volume I on Introduction to Nuclear Chemistry describes the origin of unstable atoms and their pathways to stabilize, this volume II illustrates the spectrum of modern applications of nuclear and radiochemistry.

In various chapters, leading scientists address
- the measurement of radiation,
- the dosimetric action of radioactive radiation and radiation safety
- nuclear dating
- elemental analysis by neutron activation,
- radiation mass spectroscopy and chemicals speciation,
- radiochemical separations,
- applications of radiochemistry to life sciences,
- the chemistry of radioelements: Tc and At, actinides and the transactinides
- fundamentals of modern nuclear energy.

Surfactants are surface active agents, molecules that have a significant role in emulsions, suspensions, and foams. They find widespread application in personal care, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and the food industry. The main objective of this graduate level textbook is to present an overview of the classification, physical properties, phase behavior, their effects and applications of surfactants, e.g. as emulsifiers, foam stabilizer, in nano- and microemulsions and as wetting agents.

This textbook provides a comprehensive introduction to chemical process engineering, linking the fundamental theory and concepts to the industrial day-to-day practice. It bridges the gap between chemical sciences and the practical chemical industry. It enables the reader to integrate fundamental knowledge of the basic disciplines, to understand the most important chemical processes, and to apply this knowledge to the practice in the industry.

How are thermals in gliding related to thermodynamic adiabatic processes? In what way can the concept of entropy be used to analyze a solar power plant in the desert? This book presents thermodynamics with a constant focus on practical applications from everyday life and technology. A deep understanding of thermodynamic principles is skillfully conveyed by applying theory to real-world situations.

The vital need for alternative resources and reaction routes, environmentally friendly and economically feasible industrial chemical processes has become a ubiquitous reality. This very timely introductory text covers new materials, processes and industry sectors: nanotechnology, microreactors, membrane separations, hybrid processes, clean technologies, energy savings and safe production of energy, renewables and biotechnology. Some completely new processes for the solid-liquid systems are also discussed in detail, thus creating new opportunities of sustainable development not only in industrial practice.

Process intensification aims for increasing efficiency and sustainability of (bio-)chemical production processes. This book presents strategies for improving fluid separation such as reactive distillation, reactive absorption and membrane assisted separations. The authors discuss computer simulation, model development, methodological approaches for synthesis and the design and scale-up of final industrial processes.

Brownian motion is one of the most important stochastic processes in continuous time and with continuous state space. Within the realm of stochastic processes, Brownian motion is at the intersection of Gaussian processes, martingales, Markov processes, diffusions and random fractals, and it has influenced the study of these topics. Its central position within mathematics is matched by numerous applications in science, engineering and mathematical finance.

Often textbooks on probability theory cover, if at all, Brownian motion only briefly. On the other hand, there is a considerable gap to more specialized texts on Brownian motion which is not so easy to overcome for the novice. The authors’ aim was to write a book which can be used as an introduction to Brownian motion and stochastic calculus, and as a first course in continuous-time and continuous-state Markov processes. They also wanted to have a text which would be both a readily accessible mathematical back-up for contemporary applications (such as mathematical finance) and a foundation to get easy access to advanced monographs.

This textbook, tailored to the needs of graduate and advanced undergraduate students, covers Brownian motion, starting from its elementary properties, certain distributional aspects, path properties, and leading to stochastic calculus based on Brownian motion. It also includes numerical recipes for the simulation of Brownian motion.

This textbook contains a comprehensive collection of exercises in medical physics with numerous illustrations – ideally suited for teaching and learning. Introductory sections summarize contents and learning targets of each chapter.

Separation operations are crucial throughout the process industry with respect to energy consumption, contribution to investments and ability to achieve the desired product with the right specifications.

Our main objective in creating this graduate level textbook is to present an overview of the fundamentals underlying the most frequently used industrial separation methods. We focus on their physical principles and the basic computation methods that are required to assess their technical and economical feasibility.

The textbook is organized into three main parts. Separation processes for homogeneous mixtures are treated in the parts on equilibrium based molecular separations and rate-controlled molecular separations. The part on mechanical separation technology presents an overview of the most important techniques for heterogeneous mixture separation. Each chapter provides a condensed overview of the most commonly used equipment types. The textbook is concluded with a final chapter on the main considerations in selecting an appropriate separation process for a separation task.

As the design of separation processes can only be learned by doing, we have included exercises at the end of each chapter. Short answers are given at the end of this book; detailed solutions are given in a separate solution manual.

"The authors have provided all the elements required for complete understanding of the basic concepts in heat recovery and water minimization in chemical and related processes, and followed these with carefully selected and developed problems and solutions in order to ensure that the concepts delivered can be applied." Simon Perry, The University of Manchester.

This graduate textbook covers fundamentals of the key areas of Process Integration and Intensification for intra-process heat recovery (Heat Integration), inter-process heat recovery and cogeneration (Total Site) as well as water conservation. Step by step working sessions are illustrated for deeper understanding of the taught materials.
The textbook also provides a wealth of pointers as well as further information for readers to acquire more extensive materials on the diverse industrial applications and the latest development trends in Process Integration and Intensification. It is addressed to graduate students as well as professionals to help the effectively application of Process Integration and Intensification in plant design and operation.

As a mature topic in chemical engineering, the book provides methods, problems and tools used in process control engineering. It discusses: process knowledge, sensor system technology, actuators, communication technology, and logistics, design and construction of control systems and their operation. The knowledge goes beyond the traditional process engineering field by applying the same principles, to biomedical processes, energy production and management of environmental issues. The book explains all the determinations in the "chemical systems" or "process systems", starting from the beginning of the processes, going through the intricate interdependency of the process stages, analyzing the hardware components of a control system and ending with the design of an appropriate control system for a process parameter or a whole process. The book is first addressed to the students and graduates of the departments of Chemical or Process Engineering. Second, to the chemical or process engineers in all industries or research and development centers, because they will notice the resemblance in approach from the system and control point of view, between different fields which might seem far from each other, but share the same control philosophy.