Home Physical Sciences Crystal structure of 4,4′,5,5′-tetraphenyl-2,2′-di-p-tolyl-2′H-1,2′-biimidazole, C44H34N4
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Crystal structure of 4,4′,5,5′-tetraphenyl-2,2′-di-p-tolyl-2′H-1,2′-biimidazole, C44H34N4

  • Al-Anood M. Al-Dies EMAIL logo , Abdullah M. Asiri , Salman A. Khan and Edward R.T. Tiekink
Published/Copyright: February 4, 2019

Abstract

C44H34N4, monoclinic, P21 (no. 4), a = 10.1233(5) Å, b = 12.1414(7) Å, c = 13.7420(7) Å, β = 98.389(5)°, V = 1670.97(15) Å3, Z = 2, Rgt(F) = 0.0452, wRref(F2) = 0.1136, T = 293(2) K.

CCDC no.: 1846165

The molecular structure is shown in the figure. Tables 1 and 2 contain details on the crystal and measurement conditions and a list of the atoms including atomic coordinates and displacement parameters.

Table 1:

Data collection and handling.

Crystal:Block, pale-yellow
Size:0.34 × 0.17 × 0.14 mm
Wavelength:Mo Kα radiation (0.71073 Å)
μ:0.07 mm−1
Diffractometer, scan mode:SuperNova, ω-scans
θmax, completeness:29.1°, >93% (up to 25.2°, >99%)
N(hkl)measured, N(hkl)unique, Rint:29323, 7950, 0.029
Criterion for Iobs, N(hkl)gt:Iobs > 2 σ(Iobs), 5874
N(param)refined:435
Programs:CrysAlisPRO [1], SHELX [2], [3], ORTEP [4], PLATON [5]
Table 2:

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2).

AtomxyzUiso*/Ueq
N10.7808(2)0.50587(18)0.38400(14)0.0434(5)
N20.7473(2)0.35019(19)0.46181(15)0.0497(5)
N30.9634(2)0.62458(17)0.36063(15)0.0444(5)
N40.7464(2)0.66410(18)0.27409(14)0.0445(5)
C10.7823(3)0.4536(2)0.47324(18)0.0458(6)
C20.7240(3)0.3314(2)0.36105(19)0.0482(6)
C30.7457(3)0.4261(2)0.31187(18)0.0449(6)
C40.8217(3)0.5038(2)0.57186(18)0.0458(6)
C50.7271(3)0.5236(3)0.6322(2)0.0609(8)
H50.63830.50530.61110.073*
C60.7631(3)0.5707(3)0.7241(2)0.0656(8)
H60.69770.58500.76340.079*
C70.8936(3)0.5966(3)0.7580(2)0.0606(8)
C80.9881(3)0.5727(3)0.6988(2)0.0647(8)
H81.07740.58770.72120.078*
C90.9532(3)0.5270(3)0.60663(19)0.0575(7)
H91.01900.51170.56780.069*
C100.9313(5)0.6534(4)0.8560(2)0.0917(12)
H10A0.89810.61160.90660.138*
H10B0.89310.72590.85310.138*
H10C1.02680.65880.87060.138*
C110.6861(3)0.2188(2)0.3248(2)0.0511(6)
C120.6465(4)0.1945(3)0.2266(2)0.0734(10)
H120.64000.25110.18050.088*
C130.6164(4)0.0883(3)0.1956(3)0.0850(11)
H130.59080.07430.12900.102*
C140.6237(3)0.0027(3)0.2618(3)0.0745(9)
H140.6027−0.06880.24080.089*
C150.6624(4)0.0255(3)0.3590(3)0.0742(9)
H150.6681−0.03120.40490.089*
C160.6932(3)0.1318(3)0.3899(2)0.0650(8)
H160.71940.14510.45650.078*
C170.7402(3)0.4411(2)0.20454(19)0.0527(7)
C180.8513(4)0.4190(3)0.1614(3)0.0826(11)
H180.93270.40420.20000.099*
C190.8409(8)0.4190(5)0.0605(4)0.126(2)
H190.91640.40380.03160.152*
C200.7253(10)0.4404(4)0.0025(3)0.133(3)
H200.72090.4393−0.06560.159*
C210.6136(7)0.4639(4)0.0446(3)0.1093(18)
H210.53310.47920.00500.131*
C220.6207(4)0.4650(3)0.1457(2)0.0720(10)
H220.54530.48170.17420.086*
C230.8199(3)0.6209(2)0.36718(17)0.0423(6)
C240.9733(2)0.6730(2)0.27926(17)0.0421(5)
C250.8366(3)0.7017(2)0.22627(17)0.0430(5)
C260.7823(3)0.6999(2)0.44552(17)0.0454(6)
C270.6487(3)0.7102(2)0.4565(2)0.0527(6)
H270.58470.66780.41800.063*
C280.6102(3)0.7831(3)0.5243(2)0.0637(8)
H280.52040.78830.53130.076*
C290.7021(4)0.8482(3)0.5817(2)0.0679(9)
C300.8348(4)0.8392(3)0.5689(2)0.0675(9)
H300.89820.88300.60650.081*
C310.8754(3)0.7661(3)0.5010(2)0.0576(7)
H310.96500.76190.49310.069*
C320.6581(6)0.9274(4)0.6556(3)0.1152(17)
H32A0.61050.88780.70010.173*
H32B0.60070.98240.62170.173*
H32C0.73500.96220.69200.173*
C331.1028(2)0.6926(2)0.24390(18)0.0445(6)
C341.2098(3)0.7323(2)0.3082(2)0.0543(7)
H341.19990.74890.37280.065*
C351.3323(3)0.7474(3)0.2760(3)0.0706(9)
H351.40420.77530.31870.085*
C361.3473(3)0.7211(3)0.1812(3)0.0764(10)
H361.43000.72950.16040.092*
C371.2411(4)0.6824(3)0.1169(2)0.0731(9)
H371.25170.66530.05250.088*
C381.1188(3)0.6689(3)0.1478(2)0.0590(7)
H381.04650.64360.10380.071*
C390.8039(3)0.7665(2)0.13505(18)0.0454(6)
C400.8770(3)0.8589(3)0.1182(2)0.0677(9)
H400.95060.87940.16330.081*
C410.8405(4)0.9208(3)0.0341(3)0.0836(11)
H410.88800.98440.02430.100*
C420.7370(4)0.8903(3)−0.0339(3)0.0823(11)
H420.71450.9317−0.09080.099*
C430.6659(4)0.7983(3)−0.0185(2)0.0811(11)
H430.59590.7760−0.06580.097*
C440.6972(3)0.7381(3)0.0668(2)0.0630(8)
H440.64520.67760.07810.076*

Source of material

In the dark, a freshly prepared solution of potassium ferricyanide (2.12 g, 6.44 mmol) and potassium hydroxide (1.08 g, 19.33 mmol) in water (200 mL) was added over a period of 0.5 h to 4,5-diphenyl-2-(p-tolyl)-1H-imidazole ([6]; 0.50 g, 1.61 mmol) in benzene (100 mL) in an ice-bath with vigorous stirring. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The organic layer was collected and washed three times with water, the water phase was extracted with benzene three times and the extracts combined. The solution was dried over sodium sulfate, evaporated and dried. The radical dimerization reaction of 4,5-diphenyl-2-(p-tolyl)imidazole leads to the title compound. The resulting solid was recrystallized from benzene/ethanol to yield pale-yellow crystals. Yield: 88%. M.p. (Stuart Scientific Co. Ltd apparatus): 447−478 K. IR (PerkinElmer spectrum 100 FT-IR spectrophotometer; ν(max), cm−1): 3052, 3028 (aromatic-CH stretch), 1602, 1489 (C=C), 2917, 2860 (CH3 stretch), 1443, 1378 (CH3 bend).

Experimental details

The C-bound H atoms were geometrically placed (C—H = 0.93−0.96 Å) and refined as riding with Uiso(H) = 1.2–1.5Ueq(C). Owing to poor agreement, one reflection, i.e. (0 12 4), was omitted from the final cycles of refinement. The absolute structure was not determined.

Discussion

An accompanying paper [7] describes the first example of a structure related to that of the title compound, featuring two distinct imidazole residues linked by a C—N bond. Interest in these materials relates to the potentially useful characteristics exhibited by imidazole- and π-expanded imidazole derivatives in that these fluorescent dyes are emission-tuneable [8]. Herein, the crystal and molecular structures of the title compound are described, and compared with the literature precedent, namely 8,8′-di-p-tolyl-8′H-7,8′-biacenaphtho[1,2-d]imidazole [7].

The molecular structure of the title compound displays two distinct imidazole residues connected by a N1—C23 bond [1.479(3) Å]. The N1-imidazole ring is planar and exhibits a r.m.s. deviation for the fitted atoms of 0.012 Å. Based on the N2—C1 bond [1.308(4) Å] being significantly shorter than either of the N1—C1 [1.379(3) Å], N1—C3 [1.394(3) Å] and N2—C2 [1.389(3) Å] bonds, and that the C2—C3 bond is relatively short [1.368(4) Å], it is concluded the N2—C1 and C2—C3 bonds correspond to double bonds. A different situation pertains in the N3-imidazole ring. While the r.m.s. deviation for planarity is 0.048 Å, there are significant deviations from the least-squares plane, e.g. 0.043(2) Å for the N4 atom. Therefore, the ring is best described as being twisted about the N4—C23 bond. The short N3—C24 [1.280(3) Å] and N4—C25 [1.284(3) Å] bonds compared with N3—C23 [1.469(3) Å] and N4—C23 [1.479(3) Å] bonds indicate the former are to be considered as double bonds. Consistent with this observation, the C24—C25 bond length of 1.508(3) Å corresponds to a single bond. While these results largely match those reported for 8,8′-di-p-tolyl-8′H-7,8′-biacenaphtho[1,2-d]imidazole [7], the corresponding ring did not exhibit a significant twist.

In terms of conformation, the dihedral angle between the two imidazole rings is 75.45(15)° indicating an almost orthogonal relationship, mirroring the same observation noted for 8,8′-di-p-tolyl-8′H-7,8′-biacenaphtho[1,2-d]imidazole [7]. The dihedral angles between the N1-ring and the C1-, C2-, and C3-appended rings are 72.36(16), 9.40(17) and 89.15(19)°, respectively, with the significant twists clearly related to the steric pressure exerted by the proximity of the substituted N3-imidazole ring. The dihedral angles between the N3-ring and the C23-, C24-, and C25-appended rings are 71.47(14), 44.01(15) and 42.57(15)°, respectively.

As a general observation, 4,4′,5,5′-tetraphenyl-2,2′-di-p-tolyl-2′H-1,2′-biimidazole is less sterically encumbered compared to 8,8′-di-p-tolyl-8′H-7,8′-biacenaphtho[1,2-d]imidazole [7]. This is seen by the partipation of the imidazole-N2 atom in an intermolecular interaction whereas no such contact was noted in the analogous compound [7]. Thus, phenyl-C34—H34⋯N2(imidazole) contacts [H34⋯N2i = 2.57 Å, C34⋯N2i = 3.439(3) Å and angle at H34 = 156° for i: 2 − x, 1/2 + y, 1 − z] lead to supramolecular chains with a helical topology (21 screw symmetry) along the b-axis. The links within chains are reinforced by phenyl-C—H⋯π(tolyl) and tolyl-C—H⋯π(phenyl) interactions. The chains pack in the crystal without directional interactions between them.

Award Identifier / Grant number: 1-17-01-009-0046

Funding statement: The authors are thankful to the King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST) for support (Grant No. 1-17-01-009-0046).

References

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Received: 2018-11-13
Accepted: 2018-12-22
Published Online: 2019-02-04
Published in Print: 2019-03-26

©2019 Al-Anood M. Al-Dies et al., published by De Gruyter, Berlin/Boston

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Public License.

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  56. The crystal structure of (E)-4-(1-(2-aminophenylimino)ethyl)benzene-1,3-diol, C14H14N2O2
  57. Crystal structure of poly[(μ4-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)phenyl)acetato-κ4N,N′,O,O′)(formiato-κ1O)cobalt(II)], C11H9CoN3O4
  58. The crystal structure of bis tetrabutylammonium bis(μ3-2,2,2-tri(hydroxymethyl)ethyl-4-((3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl)amino)-4-oxobutanoato)-(μ6-oxido)-hexakis(μ2-oxido)-hexaoxido-hexavanadium(V), C58H112N4O29V6
  59. Crystal structure of (N-benzylpropane-1,3-diamine-κ2N, N′)(2,2′-bipyridine-κ2N,N′)platinum(II) chloride, C20H24Cl2N4Pt
  60. Crystal structure of 5-(5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)-N-phenyl-2-amine, C23H16ClN5O
  61. Crystal structure of poly-[(μ2(carboxylatomethyl)((3-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl)amido-κ3N: O:O′)(μ2-4,4′-bipyridine-κ2N:N′)copper(II)], C18H14CuN4O6S
  62. Crystal structure of poly-[(μ2-(carboxylatomethyl)((3-nitrophenyl)sulfonyl)amido-κ3N:O:O′)(μ2-4,4′-bipyridine-κ2N:N′) nickel(II)], C18H14NiN4O6S
  63. Crystal structure of N-((3R,10S,13S,17S)-17-((S)-1-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-10,13-dimethylhexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl)-N-methylbenzamide, C31H48N2O
  64. The crystal structure of dichloroido(1,3-bis(2,6-dimethyl-phenyl)-1H-3l4-imidazol-2-yl)(2-methyl-4,5-dihydrooxazol-κN)palladium(IV)-water (1/1), C23H29Cl2N3O2Pd
  65. Crystal structure of catena-poly[dibromido-{μ2-1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-4-((pyridin-4-ylmethylene)amino)-1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one-κ2N:O}zinc(II)], C34H32Br4N8O2Zn2
  66. Crystal structure of diaqua-dichlorido-bis(μ2-2-(((1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)imino)methyl)phenolato-κ4O:O,N,O′)dicobalt(II), C36H36Cl2N6O6Co2
  67. Crystal structure of catena-poly[diaqua-(μ2-1,2-bis(4-pyridinyl)ethyane-κ2N:N′)-(μ2–pyridazine-4,5-dicarboxylato-κ2O:O′)]dizinc(II) dihydrate, C12H12ZnN3O6
  68. The crystal structure of 2-(4-chloro-2,6-dinitrophenyl)-1-(4-chloro)diazene oxide, C12H6Cl2N4O5
  69. Crystal structure of 2-isopropylthioxanthone, C16H14OS
  70. Crystal structure of methyl 2-(4-(3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-6-yl)phenyl)acetate, C19H17N5O2
  71. Crystal structure of 4,4-dimethyl-2-(trifluoromethyl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole, C6H9F3N2
  72. Crystal structure of N-methylanilinium 5,7-dihydroxy-4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromene-8-sulfonate monohydrate, C22H21NO8S
  73. Crystal structure of methyl 4-acetoxybenzoate, C10H10O4
  74. Crystal structure of catena-poly[(bis(μ-1,1′-[(5-methoxy-2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3-phenylene)bis(methylene)]bis(1H-1,2,4-triazole)-κ2N:N′)-bis(isothiocyanato-κN)manganese(II)], C34H40MnN14O2S2
  75. Crystal structure of N-(2-methylphenyl)(propan-2-yloxy)carbothioamide, C11H15NOS
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