The formulation and efficacy of topical Dorema ammoniacum in treating Melasma: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
-
Kani Javedan
Abstract
Objectives
An acquired melanin-related hyperpigmentation that occurs in sun exposure areas is Melasma which presents as gray-brown ridges and macules with prominent margins on the skin. The aim of this assay was to assess the formulation and efficacy of topical Dorema ammoniacum among Melasma patients.
Methods
This study was a 30 days double-blind, randomized clinical trial in Melasma with a placebo group. The study was carried out on 49 patients with Melasma attending Haji Daii Nursing Center in Kermanshah, Iran. Optimized topical formulation of D. ammoniacum gum extract was prepared by evaluating the characteristics of different topical formulations of this plant. Mean Melasma severity index (MMASI) instrument was applied to assess the product effectiveness and to determine the skin stains. Patients were pursued to receive the treatment throughout the 30 days trial. This scaling was accomplished before the intervention and 30 days after the use of the herbal product. To analyze the quantitative variables, t-test and Mann–Whitney test were evaluated by SPSS 21 software, and p-value <0.05 was considered as the statistically significant.
Results
The survey was performed on 40 female subjects (81.6%) and nine male subjects (18.4%) with the mean age of 32.18 ± 8.69. According to the results, the mean MSI in the drug group was significantly lower than before treatment and decreased from 86.98 ± 69.48 to 31.03 ± 32.62 (p-value <0.05).
Conclusions
In compliance with findings this survey revealed a positive effect of the cream formulation of D. ammoniacum extract on Melasma. As it was represented no side effects, this formulation is appropriate for the treatment of Melasma.
Acknowledgments
This study was approved under the code IR.KUMS.REC.1397.743 by the Vice Chancellor for Research and Innovation of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. The authors would like to represent his sincere appreciation to everyone who participated in this study.
-
Research funding: None declared.
-
Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
-
Competing interests: Authors state no conflict of interest.
References
1. Grimes, PE, Ijaz, S, Nashawati, R, Kwak, D. New oral and topical approaches for the treatment of melasma. Int J Wom Dermatol 2019;5:30–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijwd.2018.09.004.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
2. Serena, NB, Bruce Smoller, G. An overview on melasma. Pigment Disord 2015;2:1–18. https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0427.1000216.Suche in Google Scholar
3. Lee, HI, Lim, YY, Kim, BJ, Kim, MN, Min, HJ, Hwang, JH, et al.. Clinicopathologic efficacy of copper bromide plus/yellow laser (578 nm with 511 nm) for treatment of melasma in Asian patients. Dermatol Surg 2010;36:885–93. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4725.2010.01564.x.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
4. Hexsel, D, Lacerda, DA, Cavalcante, AS, Filho, CASM, Kalil CLP, V, Ayres, EL, et al.. Epidemiology of melasma in Brazilian patients: a multicenter study. Int J Dermatol 2014;53:440–4. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2012.05748.x.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
5. Ali, R, Aman, S, Nadeem, M, Kazmi, AH. Quality of life in patients of melasma. J Pak Assoc Dermatol 2016;23:143–8.Suche in Google Scholar
6. Kwon, SH, Hwang, YJ, Lee, SK, Park, KC. Heterogeneous pathology of Melasma and its clinical implications. Int J Mol Sci 2016;17:824–34. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms17060824.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
7. Ertam, İ, Özkapu, T, Akçay, Y, Yıldırım Sözmen, E, Ünal, İ. Antioxidant activity in melasma. Turkderm 2018;52:33–6. https://doi.org/10.4274/turkderm.19052.Suche in Google Scholar
8. T Jadotte, Y, Schwartz, AR. Melasma: insights and perspectives. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2010;18:0.Suche in Google Scholar
9. Ogbechie-Godec, OA, Elbuluk, N. Melasma: an up-to-date comprehensive review. Dermatol Ther 2017;7:305–18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13555-017-0194-1.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
10. Handel, AC, Miot, LDB, Miot, HA. Melasma: a clinical and epidemiological review. An Bras Dermatol 2014;89:771–82. https://doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20143063.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
11. Rodrigues, M, Pandya, AG. Melasma: clinical diagnosis and management options. Australas J Dermatol 2015;56:151–63. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajd.12290.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
12. Kang, HY, Bahadoran, P. Application of in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy in melasma classification. J Am Acad Dermatol 2012;67:157. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2012.02.046.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
13. Yalamanchili, R, Shastry, V, Betkerur, J. Clinico-epidemiological study and quality of life assessment in melasma. Indian J Dermatol 2015;60:519. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.164415.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
14. Ritter, CG, Fiss, DVC, Costa JAT, da, De Carvalho, RR, Bauermann, G, Cestari, TF. Extra-facial melasma: clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical case-control study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2013;27:1088–94. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-3083.2012.04655.x.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
15. Rivas, S, Pandya, AG. Treatment of melasma with topical agents, peels and lasers: an evidence-based review. Am J Clin Dermatol 2013;14:359–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-013-0038-4.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
16. Kang, HY, Ortonne, J-P. What should be considered in treatment of melasma. Ann Dermatol 2010;22:373–8. https://doi.org/10.5021/ad.2010.22.4.373.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central
17. Sehgal, VN, Verma, P, Srivastava, G, Aggarwal, AK, Verma, S. Melasma: treatment strategy. J Cosmet Laser Ther 2011;13:265–79. https://doi.org/10.3109/14764172.2011.630088.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
18. Raeesdana, A, Farzaei, MH, Amini, M, Rahimi, R. Chemical composition of essential oil and evaluation of acute and sub-acute toxicity of Dorema ammoniacum d. Don. Oleo-gum-resin in rats. Afr J Tradit, Complementary Altern Med 2018;15:26–33.10.21010/ajtcam.v15i1.3Suche in Google Scholar
19. Ghasemi, F, Tamadon, H, Hosseinmardi, N, Janahmadi, M. Effects of Dorema ammoniacum gum on neuronal epileptiform activity-induced by pentylenetetrazole. Iran J Pharm Res 2018;17:735.Suche in Google Scholar
20. Rajani, M, Saxena, N, Ravishankara, MN, Desai, N, Padh, H. Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of ammoniacum gum from Dorema ammoniacum. Pharm Biol 2002;40:534–41. https://doi.org/10.1076/phbi.40.7.534.14686.Suche in Google Scholar
21. Kim, HY, Park, GH, Park, EJ, Kwon, IH, Kim, KH, Kim, KJ. Usefulness of melasma quality of life scale (MELASQOL) when evaluating the quality of life in Korean melasma patients. Korean J Dermatol 2013;51:422.Suche in Google Scholar
22. Pandya, AG, Hynan, LS, Bhore, R, Riley, FC, Guevara, IL, Grimes, P, et al.. Reliability assessment and validation of the Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) and a new modified MASI scoring method. J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;64:78–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2009.10.051.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
23. Meymandi, SS, Mohammadzadeh, S, Ansari, M, Jahani, Y. Efficacy of licorice extract in the treatment of melasma: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Dermatol Cosmet 2016;7:1–9.10.16966/2576-2826.109Suche in Google Scholar
24. Alvin, G, Catambay, N, Vergara, A, Jamora, MJ. A comparative study of the safety and efficacy of 75% mulberry (Morus alba) extract oil versus placebo as a topical treatment for melasma: a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Drugs Dermatol JDD 2011;10:1025–31.Suche in Google Scholar
25. Pandpazir, M, Kiani, A, Fakhri, S. Anti-Inflammatory effect and skin toxicity of aqueous extract of Dorema ammoniacum gum in experimental animals. Res J Pharmacogn 2018;5:1–8.Suche in Google Scholar
26. Menter, A. Rationale for the use of topical corticosteroids in melasma. J Drugs Dermatol JDD: J Drugs Dermatol JDD 2004;3:169–74.Suche in Google Scholar
© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Reviews
- Evidence implementation among complementary medicine practitioners: a meta-summary
- Phytochemical: a treatment option for heavy metal induced neurotoxicity
- The effects of curcumin-containing supplementations on inflammatory markers and lipid profiles in patients with chronic kidney diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
- A systematic review on traditional medicinal Animal’s parts and products used for the treatment of respiratory tract disorders in Ethiopia
- Review on nutraceuticals: phase transition from preventive to protective care
- A study of effect of Centella asiatica on oxidative markers in the hippocampus of offsprings born to alcohol-fed pregnant rats and the correlation with their cognitive functions
- Anxiogenic and anxiolytic effects of memantine injected into the ventral hippocampus in male stressed mice
- Research Articles
- Comparison of antithyroid effects and hepatic complications of methimazole with catechin and its nanoencapsulation form in adult male rats
- Almond oil restores blood parameters, liver function, blood and liver antioxidants and DNA, and liver histology more efficiently than olive oil in favism
- Highly efficient microencapsulation of phytonutrients by fractioned cellulose using biopolymer complexation technology
- Ocimum basilicum alleviates blood glucose, lipid profile and iNOS in diabetes gestational rat model
- Blood pressure and blood sugar-lowering effects of purified gambir on diabetic hypertensive Wistar Kyoto rats
- Assessment of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of quercetin–rutin blend (SophorOx™) – an invitro cell based assay
- Subchronic toxicological evaluation of EnXtra™ (standardised extract of Alpinia galanga rhizome) in rats
- Ficus glumosa Del. reduces phenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anaemia and hepatic damage in Wistar rats
- Screening of anti-cancerous potential of classical Raudra rasa and modified Raudra rasa modified with hiraka bhasma (nanodiamond) through FTIR & LC-MS analysis
- Aqueous extract of Pedalium murex D. Royen ex L. leafy stem protects against lead induced testicular toxicity in Wistar rats
- Intrahippocampal co-administration of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine prevents the H-89-induced spatial learning deficits in Morris water maze
- Developmental effects of early-life stress on dopamine D2 receptor and proteins involved in noncanonical D2 dopamine receptor signaling pathway in the prefrontal cortex of male rats
- Probiotic administration enhanced antitrypanosomal effects of diminazene aceturate in dogs experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei
- Acacia arabica (Lam.) Willd. On osteoblastogenesis, osteoblast proliferation, osteoclastic activity, and bone calcium mineralization
- GC-MS analysis of curculigo orchiodes and medicinal herbs with cytotoxic, hepatoprotective attributes of ethanolic extract from Indian origin
- Biochemical and histopathological evaluation of liver, kidney, and pancreas in normal Sprague Dawley rats administered aqueous extract of beetroot (Beta vulgaris)
- The effectiveness of emotional freedom techniques (EFT) on depression of postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial
- The formulation and efficacy of topical Dorema ammoniacum in treating Melasma: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
- Impact of inhalation aromatherapy with Damask Rose (Rosa damascena) on stress, anxiety and hemodynamic parameters of patients undergoing coronary angiography: a single blind randomized clinical trial
- Hydro-alcoholic extract of Morus nigra reduces fasting blood glucose and HbA1c% in diabetic patients, probably via competitive and allosteric interaction with alpha-glucosidase enzyme; a clinical trial and in silico analysis
- Prophylactic management of radiation-induced mucositis using herbal mouthwash in patients with head and neck cancer: an assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial
- Implementation science in New Zealand naturopathic practice: a cross-sectional study
- Issues of mindfulness implementation for oncology caregivers
- Immediate effect of cold mud pack therapy on autonomic variables in primary hypertensive individuals: a randomized trial
- Effect of a Persian metabolic diet on the functional dyspepsia symptoms in patients with postprandial distress syndrome: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Frontmatter
- Reviews
- Evidence implementation among complementary medicine practitioners: a meta-summary
- Phytochemical: a treatment option for heavy metal induced neurotoxicity
- The effects of curcumin-containing supplementations on inflammatory markers and lipid profiles in patients with chronic kidney diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
- A systematic review on traditional medicinal Animal’s parts and products used for the treatment of respiratory tract disorders in Ethiopia
- Review on nutraceuticals: phase transition from preventive to protective care
- A study of effect of Centella asiatica on oxidative markers in the hippocampus of offsprings born to alcohol-fed pregnant rats and the correlation with their cognitive functions
- Anxiogenic and anxiolytic effects of memantine injected into the ventral hippocampus in male stressed mice
- Research Articles
- Comparison of antithyroid effects and hepatic complications of methimazole with catechin and its nanoencapsulation form in adult male rats
- Almond oil restores blood parameters, liver function, blood and liver antioxidants and DNA, and liver histology more efficiently than olive oil in favism
- Highly efficient microencapsulation of phytonutrients by fractioned cellulose using biopolymer complexation technology
- Ocimum basilicum alleviates blood glucose, lipid profile and iNOS in diabetes gestational rat model
- Blood pressure and blood sugar-lowering effects of purified gambir on diabetic hypertensive Wistar Kyoto rats
- Assessment of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity of quercetin–rutin blend (SophorOx™) – an invitro cell based assay
- Subchronic toxicological evaluation of EnXtra™ (standardised extract of Alpinia galanga rhizome) in rats
- Ficus glumosa Del. reduces phenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anaemia and hepatic damage in Wistar rats
- Screening of anti-cancerous potential of classical Raudra rasa and modified Raudra rasa modified with hiraka bhasma (nanodiamond) through FTIR & LC-MS analysis
- Aqueous extract of Pedalium murex D. Royen ex L. leafy stem protects against lead induced testicular toxicity in Wistar rats
- Intrahippocampal co-administration of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine prevents the H-89-induced spatial learning deficits in Morris water maze
- Developmental effects of early-life stress on dopamine D2 receptor and proteins involved in noncanonical D2 dopamine receptor signaling pathway in the prefrontal cortex of male rats
- Probiotic administration enhanced antitrypanosomal effects of diminazene aceturate in dogs experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei
- Acacia arabica (Lam.) Willd. On osteoblastogenesis, osteoblast proliferation, osteoclastic activity, and bone calcium mineralization
- GC-MS analysis of curculigo orchiodes and medicinal herbs with cytotoxic, hepatoprotective attributes of ethanolic extract from Indian origin
- Biochemical and histopathological evaluation of liver, kidney, and pancreas in normal Sprague Dawley rats administered aqueous extract of beetroot (Beta vulgaris)
- The effectiveness of emotional freedom techniques (EFT) on depression of postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial
- The formulation and efficacy of topical Dorema ammoniacum in treating Melasma: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
- Impact of inhalation aromatherapy with Damask Rose (Rosa damascena) on stress, anxiety and hemodynamic parameters of patients undergoing coronary angiography: a single blind randomized clinical trial
- Hydro-alcoholic extract of Morus nigra reduces fasting blood glucose and HbA1c% in diabetic patients, probably via competitive and allosteric interaction with alpha-glucosidase enzyme; a clinical trial and in silico analysis
- Prophylactic management of radiation-induced mucositis using herbal mouthwash in patients with head and neck cancer: an assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial
- Implementation science in New Zealand naturopathic practice: a cross-sectional study
- Issues of mindfulness implementation for oncology caregivers
- Immediate effect of cold mud pack therapy on autonomic variables in primary hypertensive individuals: a randomized trial
- Effect of a Persian metabolic diet on the functional dyspepsia symptoms in patients with postprandial distress syndrome: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial
