A spatial-temporal study of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by type: exploring localization economies implications in urban areas in Ontario
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Stephen P. Meyer
Abstract
Objectives
This study adds to the geography of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) literature by comparing the spatial-temporal patterns of five types of CAM within 19 cities in light of clustering benefits from localization economies.
Methods
CAM office location points and nearest neighbour, standard distance, local spatial autocorrelation, and Mann–Whitney analyses are utilized to test potential clustering tendencies of CAM types over time.
Results
It is shown that ‘within’ (chiropractors near chiropractors, for example) and ‘amongst’ (chiropractors proximate to other CAM types) spatial clustering occurs in 2007 and 2017. This implies the persistent influence of localization economies.
Conclusions
Continued clustering of CAM within urban locations already replete with CAM offices will widen spatial disparities through time. This has implications for policy-makers concerned with dispersing medical resources over space for better accessibility.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Author contributions: The author accepts responsibility for the entire content of this submitted manuscript.
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Competing interests: None declared.
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© 2021 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Reviews
- ‘Ilāj bi’l-Tadbīr (regimenal therapy): a core mode of Unani treatment
- Understanding hormones in terms of humours (Akhlat) in Unani system of medicine
- Review Articles
- Understanding Humma-e-Wabai (epidemic fever) and Amraz-e-Wabai (epidemic disease) in the light of Unani medicine
- Emergence of antimicrobial resistance and magnitude of Unani medicine – scope and challenges
- Medicinal importance of Papra (Podophyllum hexandrum Royle) in Unani System of Medicine
- Research Articles
- Comparative effects of berberine and piperine on the neuroprotective potential of neostigmine
- Neera, a non-fermented traditional drink from coconut spadix restores the redox status in sodium fluoride intoxicated mice
- Evaluation of wound healing potential of Bhallatakadi Ghrita – cow ghee based polyherbal formulation: in-vivo excision and incision wound model
- Effects of co-administration of Unani pharmacopoeia formulations Qurs Tabasheer Sartani and Arq Hara Bhara with CAT-I antitubercular drugs in rats
- Neurotoxicity of organic solvents with emphasis on the role of iron
- Regular consumption of “Nkui”, a Cameroonian traditional dish, may protect against cardiovascular and bone disorders in an estrogen deficiency condition
- A spatial-temporal study of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by type: exploring localization economies implications in urban areas in Ontario
- Complementary and alternative interventions for stroke recovery – a narrative overview of the published evidence
- The feasibility and acceptability of hypnotherapy among overweight and obese individuals in a Malaysia’s public university
- Effectiveness of wet cupping therapy on relieving pain in patients with chronic migraine: an observational study
- Effect of aromatherapy massage by orange essential oil on post-cesarean anxiety: a randomized clinical trial
- Effect of Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY) on daytime and situational sleep propensity in novice practitioners: a prospective cohort study
- Comparison of instability resistance training, traditional resistance training and plyometric training on athletic performance parameters
- Individualized homeopathic medicines and Urtica urens mother tincture in treatment of hyperuricemia: an open, randomized, pragmatic, pilot trial
- Association of microsomal epoxide hydrolase gene (fast genotype) with lung functions impairment in wood workers
- Dietary glycine improves urine storage symptoms in urology outpatients
- Hypoxia-induced oxidative stress in high altitude population: impact of coenzyme Q10 supplementation
- Short Communications
- Terminalia arjuna induced testicular assault through Leydig cell derangement: an in vitro approach
- Effect of acupuncture on cognitive task performance of college students: a pilot study
- Yoga for children in the new normal – experience sharing
- Effect of Arogya Raksha Panchatantra (five lifestyle principles) on hematological parameters and anthropometric measures among healthy volunteers: a pilot study
- Case Reports
- Yellow phosphorous ingestion cause liver dysfunction and internal bleeding: a case study
- Effect of yoga on plasma glucose, lipid profile, blood pressure and insulin requirement in a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Management of Vipadika with Mahisha Gritha Padanimajjana – a case report
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Reviews
- ‘Ilāj bi’l-Tadbīr (regimenal therapy): a core mode of Unani treatment
- Understanding hormones in terms of humours (Akhlat) in Unani system of medicine
- Review Articles
- Understanding Humma-e-Wabai (epidemic fever) and Amraz-e-Wabai (epidemic disease) in the light of Unani medicine
- Emergence of antimicrobial resistance and magnitude of Unani medicine – scope and challenges
- Medicinal importance of Papra (Podophyllum hexandrum Royle) in Unani System of Medicine
- Research Articles
- Comparative effects of berberine and piperine on the neuroprotective potential of neostigmine
- Neera, a non-fermented traditional drink from coconut spadix restores the redox status in sodium fluoride intoxicated mice
- Evaluation of wound healing potential of Bhallatakadi Ghrita – cow ghee based polyherbal formulation: in-vivo excision and incision wound model
- Effects of co-administration of Unani pharmacopoeia formulations Qurs Tabasheer Sartani and Arq Hara Bhara with CAT-I antitubercular drugs in rats
- Neurotoxicity of organic solvents with emphasis on the role of iron
- Regular consumption of “Nkui”, a Cameroonian traditional dish, may protect against cardiovascular and bone disorders in an estrogen deficiency condition
- A spatial-temporal study of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by type: exploring localization economies implications in urban areas in Ontario
- Complementary and alternative interventions for stroke recovery – a narrative overview of the published evidence
- The feasibility and acceptability of hypnotherapy among overweight and obese individuals in a Malaysia’s public university
- Effectiveness of wet cupping therapy on relieving pain in patients with chronic migraine: an observational study
- Effect of aromatherapy massage by orange essential oil on post-cesarean anxiety: a randomized clinical trial
- Effect of Sudarshan Kriya Yoga (SKY) on daytime and situational sleep propensity in novice practitioners: a prospective cohort study
- Comparison of instability resistance training, traditional resistance training and plyometric training on athletic performance parameters
- Individualized homeopathic medicines and Urtica urens mother tincture in treatment of hyperuricemia: an open, randomized, pragmatic, pilot trial
- Association of microsomal epoxide hydrolase gene (fast genotype) with lung functions impairment in wood workers
- Dietary glycine improves urine storage symptoms in urology outpatients
- Hypoxia-induced oxidative stress in high altitude population: impact of coenzyme Q10 supplementation
- Short Communications
- Terminalia arjuna induced testicular assault through Leydig cell derangement: an in vitro approach
- Effect of acupuncture on cognitive task performance of college students: a pilot study
- Yoga for children in the new normal – experience sharing
- Effect of Arogya Raksha Panchatantra (five lifestyle principles) on hematological parameters and anthropometric measures among healthy volunteers: a pilot study
- Case Reports
- Yellow phosphorous ingestion cause liver dysfunction and internal bleeding: a case study
- Effect of yoga on plasma glucose, lipid profile, blood pressure and insulin requirement in a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus
- Management of Vipadika with Mahisha Gritha Padanimajjana – a case report
