Startseite On a generalization of the Opial inequality
Artikel Open Access

On a generalization of the Opial inequality

  • Paul Bosch , Ana Portilla EMAIL logo , Jose M. Rodriguez und Jose M. Sigarreta
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 14. Mai 2024
Veröffentlichen auch Sie bei De Gruyter Brill

Abstract

Inequalities are essential in pure and applied mathematics. In particular, Opial’s inequality and its generalizations have been playing an important role in the study of the existence and uniqueness of initial and boundary value problems. In this work, some new Opial-type inequalities are given and applied to generalized Riemann-Liouville-type integral operators.

MSC 2010: 26A33; 26A51; 26D15

1 Introduction

Integral inequalities are used in countless mathematical problems such as approximation theory and spectral analysis, statistical analysis, and the theory of distributions. Studies involving integral inequalities play an important role in several areas of science and engineering.

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the study of many classical inequalities applied to integral operators associated with different types of fractional derivatives, since integral inequalities and their applications play a vital role in the theory of differential equations and applied mathematics. Some of the inequalities studied are Gronwall, Chebyshev, Jensen-type, Hermite-Hadamard-type, Ostrowski-type, Grüss-type, Hardy-type, Gagliardo-Nirenberg-type, Opial-type, reverse Minkowski, and reverse Hölder inequalities (see, e.g., [114]).

In this work, we obtain new Opial-type inequalities, and we apply them to the generalized Riemann-Liouville-type integral operators defined in [15], which include most of the known Riemann-Liouville-type integral operators.

2 Preliminaries

One of the first operators that can be called fractional is the Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative of order α C , with Re ( α ) > 0 , defined as follows (see [16]).

Definition 1

Let a < b and f L 1 ( ( a , b ) ; R ) . The right and left side Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals of order α , with Re ( α ) > 0 , are defined, respectively, by

(1) J a + α RL f ( t ) = 1 Γ ( α ) a t ( t s ) α 1 f ( s ) d s

and

(2) J b α RL f ( t ) = 1 Γ ( α ) t b ( s t ) α 1 f ( s ) d s ,

with t ( a , b ) .

When α ( 0 , 1 ) , their corresponding Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives are given by

( D a + α RL f ) ( t ) = d d t ( J a + 1 α RL f ( t ) ) = 1 Γ ( 1 α ) d d t a t f ( s ) ( t s ) α d s , ( D b α RL f ) ( t ) = d d t ( J b 1 α RL f ( t ) ) = 1 Γ ( 1 α ) d d t t b f ( s ) ( s t ) α d s .

Other definitions of fractional operators are the following ones.

Definition 2

Let a < b and f L 1 ( ( a , b ) ; R ) . The right and left side Hadamard fractional integrals of order α , with Re ( α ) > 0 , are defined, respectively, by

(3) H a + α f ( t ) = 1 Γ ( α ) a t log t s α 1 f ( s ) s d s

and

(4) H b α f ( t ) = 1 Γ ( α ) t b log s t α 1 f ( s ) s d s ,

with t ( a , b ) .

When α ( 0 , 1 ) , Hadamard fractional derivatives are given by the following expressions:

( D a + α H f ) ( t ) = t d d t ( H a + 1 α f ( t ) ) = 1 Γ ( 1 α ) t d d t a t log t s α f ( s ) s d s , ( D b α H f ) ( t ) = t d d t ( H b 1 α f ( t ) ) = 1 Γ ( 1 α ) t , d d t t b log s t α f ( s ) s d s ,

with t ( a , b ) .

Definition 3

Let 0 < a < b , g : [ a , b ] R an increasing positive function on ( a , b ] with continuous derivative on ( a , b ) , f : [ a , b ] R an integrable function, and α ( 0 , 1 ) a fixed real number. The right and left side fractional integrals in [17] of order α of f with respect to g are defined, respectively, by

(5) I g , a + α f ( t ) = 1 Γ ( α ) a t g ( s ) f ( s ) ( g ( t ) g ( s ) ) 1 α d s

and

(6) I g , b α f ( t ) = 1 Γ ( α ) t b g ( s ) f ( s ) ( g ( s ) g ( t ) ) 1 α d s ,

with t ( a , b ) .

There are other definitions of integral operators in the global case, but they are slight modifications of the previous ones.

3 General fractional integral of Riemann-Liouville type

Now, we give the definition of a general fractional integral in [15].

Definition 4

Let a < b and α R + . Let g : [ a , b ] R be a positive function on ( a , b ] with continuous positive derivative on ( a , b ) , and G : [ 0 , g ( b ) g ( a ) ] × ( 0 , ) R a continuous function which is positive on ( 0 , g ( b ) g ( a ) ] × ( 0 , ) . Let us define the function T : [ a , b ] × [ a , b ] × ( 0 , ) R by

T ( t , s , α ) = G ( g ( t ) g ( s ) , α ) g ( s ) .

The right and left integral operators, denoted, respectively, by J T , a + α and J T , b α , are defined for each measurable function f on [ a , b ] as

(7) J T , a + α f ( t ) = a t f ( s ) T ( t , s , α ) d s ,

(8) J T , b α f ( t ) = t b f ( s ) T ( t , s , α ) d s ,

with t [ a , b ] .

We say that f L T 1 [ a , b ] if J T , a + α f ( t ) , J T , b α f ( t ) < for every t [ a , b ] .

Note that these operators generalize the integral operators in Definitions 13:

  1. If we choose

    g ( t ) = t , G ( x , α ) = Γ ( α ) x 1 α , T ( t , s , α ) = Γ ( α ) t s 1 α ,

    then J T , a + α and J T , b α are the right and left Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals J a + α RL and J b α RL in (1) and (2), respectively. Its corresponding right and left Riemann-Liouville fractional derivatives are

    ( D a + α RL f ) ( t ) = d d t ( J a + 1 α RL f ( t ) ) , ( D b α RL f ) ( t ) = d d t ( J b 1 α RL f ( t ) ) .

  2. If we choose

    g ( t ) = log t , G ( x , α ) = Γ ( α ) x 1 α , T ( t , s , α ) = Γ ( α ) t log t s 1 α ,

    then J T , a + α and J T , b α are the right and left Hadamard fractional integrals H a + α and H b α in (3) and (4), respectively. Its corresponding right and left Hadamard fractional derivatives are

    ( D a + α H f ) ( t ) = t d d t ( H a + 1 α f ( t ) ) , ( D b α H f ) ( t ) = t d d t ( H b 1 α f ( t ) ) .

  3. If we choose a function g with the properties in Definition 4 and

    G ( x , α ) = Γ ( α ) x 1 α , T ( t , s , α ) = Γ ( α ) g ( t ) g ( s ) 1 α g ( s ) ,

    then J T , a + α and J T , b α are the right and left fractional integrals I g , a + α and I g , b α in (5) and (6), respectively.

Definition 5

Let a < b and α R + . Let g : [ a , b ] R be a positive function on ( a , b ] with continuous positive derivative on ( a , b ) , and G : [ 0 , g ( b ) g ( a ) ] × ( 0 , ) R a continuous function which is positive on ( 0 , g ( b ) g ( a ) ] × ( 0 , ) . For each function f L T 1 [ a , b ] , its right and left generalized derivatives of order α are defined, respectively, by

(9) D T , a + α f ( t ) = 1 g ( t ) d d t ( J T , a + 1 α f ( t ) ) , D T , b α f ( t ) = 1 g ( t ) d d t ( J T , b 1 α f ( t ) ) ,

for each t ( a , b ) .

Note that if we choose

g ( t ) = t , G ( x , α ) = Γ ( α ) x 1 α , T ( t , s , α ) = Γ ( α ) t s 1 α ,

then D T , a + α f ( t ) = D a + α RL f ( t ) and D T , b α f ( t ) = D b α RL f ( t ) . Also, we can obtain Hadamard and other fractional derivatives as particular cases of this generalized derivative.

4 Opial-type inequality

In 1960, Opial [18] proved the following inequality:

If f C 1 [ 0 , h ] satisfies f ( 0 ) = f ( h ) = 0 and f ( x ) > 0 for all x ( 0 , h ) , then

0 h f ( x ) f ( x ) d x h 4 0 h f ( x ) 2 d x .

Opial’s inequality and its generalizations play a main role in establishing the existence and uniqueness of initial and boundary value problems for ordinary and partial differential equations [1923]. For an extensive survey on these Opial-type inequalities, see [19,23].

We need the following result in [24, p. 44] (see the original proof in [25]). Although the result in [24, p. 44] deals with measures on ( 0 , ) , it can be reformulated for measures on a compact interval (see, e.g., [26, Theorem 3.1]).

4.1 Muckenhoupt inequality

Let us consider 1 p q < and measures μ 0 , μ 1 on [ a , b ] with μ 0 ( { b } ) = 0 . Then there exists a positive constant C such that

a x u ( t ) d t L q ( [ a , b ] , μ 0 ) C u L p ( [ a , b ] , μ 1 )

for any measurable function u on [ a , b ] , if and only if

(10) B sup a < x < b μ 0 ( [ x , b ) ) 1 q ( d μ 1 d x ) 1 L 1 ( p 1 ) ( [ a , x ] ) 1 p < ,

where we use the convention 0 = 0 . Moreover, we can choose

(11) C = B q q 1 ( p 1 ) p q 1 q , if p > 1 , B , if p = 1 .

Muckenhoupt inequality will play a crucial role to prove the next result, which improves the classical Opial inequality in several ways:

  1. It allows us to integrate with respect to very general measures.

  2. The hypotheses f ( b ) = 0 and f > 0 on ( a , b ) are no longer needed.

  3. The hypothesis f C 1 [ a , b ] is replaced by a weaker one: it is sufficient to require f to be absolutely continuous on [ a , b ] .

Theorem 1

Let us consider 1 p q < and two measures μ 0 , μ 1 on [ a , b ] with μ 0 ( { b } ) = 0 . Assume that the constant B defined as follows is finite:

B sup a < x < b μ 0 ( [ x , b ) ) 1 q ( d μ 1 d x ) 1 L 1 ( p 1 ) ( [ a , x ] ) 1 p .

Then, for every absolutely continuous function f on [ a , b ] with f ( a ) = 0 ,

f f L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ 0 ) C f L p ( [ a , b ] , μ 1 ) f L q ( q 1 ) ( [ a , b ] , μ 0 ) ,

where the constant C can be chosen as

C B q q 1 ( p 1 ) p q 1 q , if p > 1 , B , if p = 1 .

Proof

By the Muckenhoupt inequality, the constant C satisfies

a x u ( t ) d t L q ( [ a , b ] , μ 0 ) C u L p ( [ a , b ] , μ 1 )

for any measurable function u on [ a , b ] . For each absolutely continuous function f on [ a , b ] with f ( a ) = 0 , we have that there exists f a.e. on [ a , b ] , f L 1 [ a , b ] , and

f ( x ) = a x f ( t ) d t

for every x [ a , b ] . Consequently,

f L q ( [ a , b ] , μ 0 ) C f L p ( [ a , b ] , μ 1 ) .

Hence, the Hölder inequality gives

f f L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ 0 ) f L q ( [ a , b ] , μ 0 ) f L q ( q 1 ) ( [ a , b ] , μ 0 ) C f L p ( [ a , b ] , μ 1 ) f L q ( q 1 ) ( [ a , b ] , μ 0 ) .

Remark 1

For each absolutely continuous function f on [ a , b ] the set

S = { x [ a , b ] : f ( x ) }

has zero Lebesgue measure, but it is possible to have μ 0 ( S ) > 0 and/or μ 1 ( S ) > 0 . The argument in the proof of Theorem 1 gives that the inequality holds for any fixed choice of values of f on S .

Theorem 1 has the following direct consequence.

Corollary 2

Let us consider 1 p q < and a measure μ on [ a , b ] with μ ( { b } ) = 0 . Assume that the constant B defined as follows is finite:

B sup a < x < b μ ( [ x , b ) ) 1 q ( d μ d x ) 1 L 1 ( p 1 ) ( [ a , x ] ) 1 p .

Then, for every absolutely continuous function f on [ a , b ] with f ( a ) = 0 ,

f f L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) C f L p ( [ a , b ] , μ ) f L q ( q 1 ) ( [ a , b ] , μ ) ,

where the constant C can be chosen as

C B q q 1 ( p 1 ) p q 1 q , if p > 1 , B , if p = 1 .

Corollary 2 is a tool to obtain the following result.

Theorem 3

Let us consider 1 p 2 and a measure μ on [ a , b ] with μ ( { b } ) = 0 . Assume that the constant B defined as follows is finite:

B sup a < x < b μ ( [ x , b ) ) ( p 1 ) p ( d μ d x ) 1 L 1 ( p 1 ) ( [ a , x ] ) 1 p .

Then, for every absolutely continuous function f on [ a , b ] with f ( a ) = 0 ,

  1. if 1 < p 2 ,

    f f L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) B p 2 p 1 ( p 1 ) p f L p ( [ a , b ] , μ ) 2 .

  2. if p = 1 and μ is a finite measure,

    f f L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) B f L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) 2 .

Proof

Assume first that 1 < p 2 . Let us consider q 2 such that 1 p + 1 q = 1 , and so, p = q ( q 1 ) and q = p ( p 1 ) . Thus, 1 < p 2 q < and Corollary 2 gives the result in part (a), since

B q q 1 ( p 1 ) p q 1 q = B p ( p 1 ) p p p 1 ( p 1 ) p = B p 2 p 1 ( p 1 ) p .

Assume now that μ is a finite measure and fix an absolutely continuous function f on [ a , b ] such that f ( a ) = 0 and f L p 0 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) for some p 0 > 1 . We have proved that

f f L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) B p 2 p 1 ( p 1 ) p f L p ( [ a , b ] , μ ) 2

for every 1 < p min { p 0 , 2 } .

Let us consider B = B ( p ) as a function of p . Thus,

B ( p ) μ ( [ a , b ) ) ( p 1 ) p ( d μ d x ) 1 L 1 ( p 1 ) ( [ a , b ] ) 1 p .

Since μ is a finite measure, we have

limsup p 1 + B ( p ) lim p 1 + μ ( [ a , b ) ) ( p 1 ) p ( d μ d x ) 1 L 1 ( p 1 ) ( [ a , b ] ) 1 p = ( d μ d x ) 1 L ( [ a , b ] ) = B ( 1 ) .

Since

f p f p 0 χ { f 1 } + χ { f < 1 } f p 0 + 1 L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ )

for every 1 < p p 0 , dominated convergence theorem gives

lim p 1 + f L p ( [ a , b ] , μ ) 2 = f L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) 2 .

Finally, we have

lim p 1 + p 2 p 1 ( p 1 ) p = 1 ,

and the desired inequality holds if f L p 0 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) for some p 0 > 1 .

Let us consider now any absolutely continuous function f on [ a , b ] such that f ( a ) = 0 . Define the measure μ * on [ a , b ] by d μ * = d μ + d x . Since f is an absolutely continuous function on [ a , b ] , f L 1 [ a , b ] . If f L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) , then the inequality is direct. So, we can assume that f L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) . Thus, there exists a sequence { s n } of simple functions with

lim n f s n L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ * ) = 0 .

Hence, there exists N such that

s n L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ * ) f L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ * ) f s n L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ * ) < 1

for every n N . Therefore,

(12) s n L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) s n L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ * ) f L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ * ) + 1

for every n N .

Since μ is a finite measure, if we define f n ( x ) = a x s n ( t ) d t , then f n C [ a , b ] L p ( [ a , b ] , μ ) for every p 1 , and we have proved that

(13) f n f n L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) B f n L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) 2 .

Also, for any x [ a , b ]

(14) f ( x ) f n ( x ) = a x ( f ( t ) s n ( t ) ) d t a x f ( t ) s n ( t ) d t f s n L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ * ) .

Applying inequalities (12), (13), and (14) where appropriate,

f f f n f n L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) = a b f f f n f n d μ a b f f f f n d μ + a b f f n f n f n d μ f a b f f n d μ + s n L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ * ) a b f s n d μ f f s n L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ * ) + ( f L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ * ) + 1 ) μ ( [ a , b ] ) f s n L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ * )

for every n N . Hence,

lim n f f f n f n L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) = 0

and so

f f L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) B f L 1 ( [ a , b ] , μ ) 2 ,

which completes part (b).□

If we choose μ as the Lebesgue measure on [ a , b ] , then we obtain the following results.

Corollary 4

Let us consider 1 p q < . Then

f f L 1 ( [ a , b ] ) b a 1 q + ( p 1 ) p 1 q + ( p 1 ) p q ( p 1 ) p ( q 1 ) ( p 1 ) p f L p ( [ a , b ] ) f L q ( q 1 ) ( [ a , b ] )

if p > 1 , and

f f L 1 ( [ a , b ] ) ( b a ) 1 q f L 1 ( [ a , b ] ) f L q ( q 1 ) ( [ a , b ] ) ,

for every absolutely continuous function f on [ a , b ] with f ( a ) = 0 .

Proof

Let us compute

B = sup a < x < b ( b x ) 1 q ( x a ) ( p 1 ) p .

For each α > 0 and β 0 , consider the function u defined on [ a , b ] as

u ( x ) = ( b x ) α ( x a ) β .

If β = 0 , then

sup a < x < b u ( x ) = u ( a ) = ( b a ) α .

Assume now that β > 0 . We have for a < x < b

u ( x ) = α ( b x ) α 1 ( x a ) β + β ( b x ) α ( x a ) β 1 = 0 β ( b x ) α ( x a ) β 1 = α ( b x ) α 1 ( x a ) β β ( b x ) = α ( x a ) x = a α + b β α + β .

Since u ( a ) = u ( b ) = 0 , we have

sup a < x < b u ( x ) = max a x b u ( x ) = u a α + b β α + β = α ( b a ) α + β α β ( b a ) α + β β = α α β β ( α + β ) α + β ( b a ) α + β .

Thus, B = ( b a ) 1 q if p = 1 and

B = ( 1 q ) 1 q ( ( p 1 ) p ) ( p 1 ) p ( 1 q + ( p 1 ) p ) 1 q + ( p 1 ) p ( b a ) 1 q + ( p 1 ) p ,

B q q 1 ( p 1 ) p q 1 q = b a 1 q + ( p 1 ) p 1 q + ( p 1 ) p q ( p 1 ) p ( q 1 ) ( p 1 ) p ,

if p > 1 . Hence, Corollary 2 gives the result.□

Corollary 5

Let us consider 1 p 2 . Then

f f L 1 ( [ a , b ] ) p ( b a ) 2 ( p 1 ) 1 2 2 ( p 1 ) p f L p ( [ a , b ] ) 2

if 1 < p 2 , and

f f L 1 ( [ a , b ] ) f L 1 ( [ a , b ] ) 2

for every absolutely continuous function f on [ a , b ] such that f ( a ) = 0 .

Proof

Assume that 1 < p 2 . It suffices to consider q 2 such that 1 p + 1 q = 1 (recall that p = q ( q 1 ) and q = p ( p 1 ) ), and to apply Corollary 4:

b a 1 q + ( p 1 ) p 1 q + ( p 1 ) p q ( p 1 ) p ( q 1 ) ( p 1 ) p = b a 2 ( p 1 ) p 2 ( p 1 ) p p ( p 1 ) p ( p 1 ) p = p ( b a ) 2 ( p 1 ) 2 ( p 1 ) p ( p 1 ) ( p 1 ) p = p ( b a ) 2 ( p 1 ) 1 2 2 ( p 1 ) p .

Let us consider now the case p = 1 . Since the Lebesgue measure on [ a , b ] is finite, Corollary 3 gives

f f L 1 ( [ a , b ] ) B f L 1 ( [ a , b ] ) 2 ,

with

B = sup a < x < b ( b x ) ( p 1 ) p 1 L 1 ( p 1 ) ( [ a , x ] ) 1 p = sup a < x < b ( b x ) 0 1 L ( [ a , x ] ) = 1 .

Remark 2

Note that in the second inequality in Corollary 5:

f f L 1 ( [ a , b ] ) f L 1 ( [ a , b ] ) 2 ,

the constant 1 multiplying f L 1 ( [ a , b ] ) 2 does not depend on the length of the interval [ a , b ] .

Corollary 2 and Theorem 3 have, respectively, the following direct consequences for general fractional integrals of Riemann-Liouville type.

Proposition 6

Let us consider 1 p q < and assume that the constant B defined as follows is finite:

B sup a < x < b x b 1 T ( b , s , α ) d s 1 q a x T ( b , s , α ) 1 ( p 1 ) d s ( p 1 ) p .

Then, for every absolutely continuous function f on [ a , b ] with f ( a ) = 0 ,

a b f ( s ) f ( s ) T ( b , s , α ) d s B q q 1 ( p 1 ) p q 1 q a b f ( s ) p T ( b , s , α ) d s 1 p a b f ( s ) q ( q 1 ) T ( b , s , α ) d s ( q 1 ) q

if p > 1 , and

a b f ( s ) f ( s ) T ( b , s , α ) d s B a b f ( s ) T ( b , s , α ) d s a b f ( s ) q ( q 1 ) T ( b , s , α ) d s ( q 1 ) q .

Proposition 7

Let us consider 1 p 2 and assume that the constant B defined as follows is finite:

B sup a < x < b x b 1 T ( b , s , α ) d s ( p 1 ) p a x T ( b , s , α ) 1 ( p 1 ) d s ( p 1 ) p .

Then, if 1 < p 2 and f is any absolutely continuous function on [ a , b ] with f ( a ) = 0 ,

a b f ( s ) f ( s ) T ( b , s , α ) d s B p 2 p 1 ( p 1 ) p a b f ( s ) p T ( b , s , α ) d s 2 p .

Furthermore, if

a b d s T ( b , s , α ) < ,

then

a b f ( s ) f ( s ) T ( b , s , α ) d s B a b f ( s ) T ( b , s , α ) d s 2 .

  1. Funding information: Ana Portilla, Jose M. Rodriguez, and Jose M. Sigarreta are supported in part by a grant from Agencia Estatal de Investigación (PID2019-106433GB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033), Spain. Jose M. Rodriguez was also supported by the Madrid Government (Comunidad de Madrid-Spain) under the Multiannual Agreement with UC3M in the line of Excellence of University Professors (EPUC3M23), and in the context of the V PRICIT (Regional Programme of Research and Technological Innovation).

  2. Author contributions: All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of the manuscript and approved its submission.

  3. Conflict of interest: The authors state no conflict of interest.

References

[1] S. Bermudo, P. Kórus, and J. E. Nápoles, On q-Hermite-Hadamard inequalities for general convex functions, Acta Math. Hungar. 162 (2020), no. 1, 364–374. 10.1007/s10474-020-01025-6Suche in Google Scholar

[2] Z. Dahmani, On Minkowski and Hermite-Hadamard integral inequalities via fractional integration, Ann. Funct. Anal. [electronic only] 1 (2010), no. 1, 51–58. 10.15352/afa/1399900993Suche in Google Scholar

[3] J. Han, P. O. Mohammed, and H. Zeng, Generalized fractional integral inequalities of Hermite-Hadamard-type for a convex function, Open Math. 18 (2020), no. 1, 794–806. 10.1515/math-2020-0038Suche in Google Scholar

[4] H. Kalsoom, M. Latif, Z. Khan, and M. Vivas-Cortez, Some new Hermite-Hadamard-Fejér fractional type inequalities for h-convex and harmonically h-convex interval-valued functions, Math. 10 (2022), no. 1, 74. 10.3390/math10010074Suche in Google Scholar

[5] P. O. Mohammed and I. Brevik, A New version of the Hermite-Hadamard inequality for Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals, Symmetry 12 (2020), no. 4, 610. 10.3390/sym12040610Suche in Google Scholar

[6] S. Mubeen, S. Habib, and M. N. Naeem, The Minkowski inequality involving generalized k-fractional conformable integral, J. Inequal. Appl. 2019 (2019), no. 1, 81. 10.1186/s13660-019-2040-8Suche in Google Scholar

[7] K. S. Nisar, F. Qi, G. Rahman, S. Mubeen, and M. Arshad, Some inequalities involving the extended gamma function and the Kummer confluent hypergeometric k-function, J. Inequal. Appl. 2018 (2018), no. 1, 135. 10.1186/s13660-018-1717-8Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

[8] Y. Quintana, J. M. Rodríguez, and J. M. Sigarreta, Jensen-type inequalities for convex and m-convex functions via fractional calculus, Open Math. 20 (2022), 946–958. 10.1515/math-2022-0061Suche in Google Scholar

[9] G. Rahman, T. Abdeljawad, F. Jarad, A. Khan, and K. S. Nisar, Certain inequalities via generalized proportional Hadamard fractional integral operators, Adv. Differ Equ. 2019 (2019), no. 1, 454. 10.1186/s13662-019-2381-0Suche in Google Scholar

[10] G. Rahman, K. S. Nisar, B. Ghanbari, and T. Abdeljawad, On generalized fractional integral inequalities for the monotone weighted Chebyshev functionals, Adv. Differ Equ. 2020 (2020), no. 1, 368. 10.1186/s13662-020-02830-7Suche in Google Scholar

[11] S. Rashid, M. A. Noor, K. I. Noor, and Y.-M. Chu, Ostrowski type inequalities in the sense of generalized k-fractional integral operator for exponentially convex functions, AIMS Math. 5 (2020), no. 3, 2629–2645. 10.3934/math.2020171Suche in Google Scholar

[12] Y. Sawano and H. Wadade, On the Gagliardo-Nirenberg type inequality in the critical Sobolev-Morrey space, J. Fourier Anal. Appl. 19 (2012), no. 1, 20–47. 10.1007/s00041-012-9223-8Suche in Google Scholar

[13] E. Set, M. Tomar, and M. Z. Sarikaya, On generalized Grüss type inequalities for k-fractional integrals, Appl. Math. Comput. 269 (2015), 29–34. 10.1016/j.amc.2015.07.026Suche in Google Scholar

[14] M. Vivas-Cortez, F. Martínez, J. E. Nápoles Valdes, and J. E. Hernández, On Opial-type inequality for a generalized fractional integral operator, Demonstr. Math. 55 (2022), no. 1, 695–709. 10.1515/dema-2022-0149Suche in Google Scholar

[15] P. Bosch, H. J. Carmenate, J. M. Rodríguez, and J. M. Sigarreta, Generalized inequalities involving fractional operators of the Riemann-Liouville type, AIMS Math. 7 (2021), no. 1, 1470–1485. 10.3934/math.2022087Suche in Google Scholar

[16] A. Carpinteri and F. Mainardi, Fractals and Fractional Calculus in Continuum Mechanics, Springer, Vienna, 1997. 10.1007/978-3-7091-2664-6Suche in Google Scholar

[17] A. Kilbas, O. Marichev, and S. Samko, Fractional Integrals and Derivatives. Theory and Applications, Gordon & Breach, Pennsylvania, 1993. Suche in Google Scholar

[18] Z. Opial, Sur une inégalité, Ann. Pol. Math. 8 (1960), no. 1, 29–32. 10.4064/ap-8-1-29-32Suche in Google Scholar

[19] R. Agarwal and P. Pang, Opial Inequalities with Applications in Differential and Difference Equations, Springer, Netherlands, 2013. Suche in Google Scholar

[20] V. Lakshmikantham and R. Agarwal, Uniqueness and Nonuniqueness Criteria for Ordinary Differential Equations, World Scientific, Singapore, 1993. Suche in Google Scholar

[21] D. Bainov and P. Simeonov, Integral Inequalities and Applications, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Amsterdam, 1992. 10.1007/978-94-015-8034-2Suche in Google Scholar

[22] J. Li, Opial-type integral inequalities involving several higher order derivatives, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 167 (1992), 98–100. 10.1016/0022-247X(92)90238-9Suche in Google Scholar

[23] D. S. Mitrinovic, J. Pecaric, and A. M. Fink, Inequalities Involving Functions and Their Integrals and Derivatives, Springer, Netherlands, 2012. Suche in Google Scholar

[24] V. Maz’ya, Sobolev Spaces, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. Suche in Google Scholar

[25] B. Muckenhoupt, Hardy’s inequality with weights, Studia Math. 44 (1972), no. 1, 31–38. 10.4064/sm-44-1-31-38Suche in Google Scholar

[26] V. Alvarez, D. Pestana, J. M. Rodríguez, and E. Romera, Weighted Sobolev spaces on curves, J. Approximation Theory 119 (2002), no. 1, 41–85. 10.1006/jath.2002.3709Suche in Google Scholar

Received: 2022-11-07
Accepted: 2024-01-30
Published Online: 2024-05-14

© 2024 the author(s), published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Regular Articles
  2. On the p-fractional Schrödinger-Kirchhoff equations with electromagnetic fields and the Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev nonlinearity
  3. L-Fuzzy fixed point results in -metric spaces with applications
  4. Solutions of a coupled system of hybrid boundary value problems with Riesz-Caputo derivative
  5. Nonparametric methods of statistical inference for double-censored data with applications
  6. LADM procedure to find the analytical solutions of the nonlinear fractional dynamics of partial integro-differential equations
  7. Existence of projected solutions for quasi-variational hemivariational inequality
  8. Spectral collocation method for convection-diffusion equation
  9. New local fractional Hermite-Hadamard-type and Ostrowski-type inequalities with generalized Mittag-Leffler kernel for generalized h-preinvex functions
  10. On the asymptotics of eigenvalues for a Sturm-Liouville problem with symmetric single-well potential
  11. On exact rate of convergence of row sequences of multipoint Hermite-Padé approximants
  12. The essential norm of bounded diagonal infinite matrices acting on Banach sequence spaces
  13. Decay rate of the solutions to the Cauchy problem of the Lord Shulman thermoelastic Timoshenko model with distributed delay
  14. Enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of two uniformly convergent numerical solvers for singularly perturbed parabolic convection–diffusion–reaction problems with two small parameters
  15. An inertial shrinking projection self-adaptive algorithm for solving split variational inclusion problems and fixed point problems in Banach spaces
  16. An equation for complex fractional diffusion created by the Struve function with a T-symmetric univalent solution
  17. On the existence and Ulam-Hyers stability for implicit fractional differential equation via fractional integral-type boundary conditions
  18. Some properties of a class of holomorphic functions associated with tangent function
  19. The existence of multiple solutions for a class of upper critical Choquard equation in a bounded domain
  20. On the continuity in q of the family of the limit q-Durrmeyer operators
  21. Results on solutions of several systems of the product type complex partial differential difference equations
  22. On Berezin norm and Berezin number inequalities for sum of operators
  23. Geometric invariants properties of osculating curves under conformal transformation in Euclidean space ℝ3
  24. On a generalization of the Opial inequality
  25. A novel numerical approach to solutions of fractional Bagley-Torvik equation fitted with a fractional integral boundary condition
  26. Holomorphic curves into projective spaces with some special hypersurfaces
  27. On Periodic solutions for implicit nonlinear Caputo tempered fractional differential problems
  28. Approximation of complex q-Beta-Baskakov-Szász-Stancu operators in compact disk
  29. Existence and regularity of solutions for non-autonomous integrodifferential evolution equations involving nonlocal conditions
  30. Jordan left derivations in infinite matrix rings
  31. Nonlinear nonlocal elliptic problems in ℝ3: existence results and qualitative properties
  32. Invariant means and lacunary sequence spaces of order (α, β)
  33. Novel results for two families of multivalued dominated mappings satisfying generalized nonlinear contractive inequalities and applications
  34. Global in time well-posedness of a three-dimensional periodic regularized Boussinesq system
  35. Existence of solutions for nonlinear problems involving mixed fractional derivatives with p(x)-Laplacian operator
  36. Some applications and maximum principles for multi-term time-space fractional parabolic Monge-Ampère equation
  37. On three-dimensional q-Riordan arrays
  38. Some aspects of normal curve on smooth surface under isometry
  39. Mittag-Leffler-Hyers-Ulam stability for a first- and second-order nonlinear differential equations using Fourier transform
  40. Topological structure of the solution sets to non-autonomous evolution inclusions driven by measures on the half-line
  41. Remark on the Daugavet property for complex Banach spaces
  42. Decreasing and complete monotonicity of functions defined by derivatives of completely monotonic function involving trigamma function
  43. Uniqueness of meromorphic functions concerning small functions and derivatives-differences
  44. Asymptotic approximations of Apostol-Frobenius-Euler polynomials of order α in terms of hyperbolic functions
  45. Hyers-Ulam stability of Davison functional equation on restricted domains
  46. Involvement of three successive fractional derivatives in a system of pantograph equations and studying the existence solution and MLU stability
  47. Composition of some positive linear integral operators
  48. On bivariate fractal interpolation for countable data and associated nonlinear fractal operator
  49. Generalized result on the global existence of positive solutions for a parabolic reaction-diffusion model with an m × m diffusion matrix
  50. Online makespan minimization for MapReduce scheduling on multiple parallel machines
  51. The sequential Henstock-Kurzweil delta integral on time scales
  52. On a discrete version of Fejér inequality for α-convex sequences without symmetry condition
  53. Existence of three solutions for two quasilinear Laplacian systems on graphs
  54. Embeddings of anisotropic Sobolev spaces into spaces of anisotropic Hölder-continuous functions
  55. Nilpotent perturbations of m-isometric and m-symmetric tensor products of commuting d-tuples of operators
  56. Characterizations of transcendental entire solutions of trinomial partial differential-difference equations in ℂ2#
  57. Fractional Sturm-Liouville operators on compact star graphs
  58. Exact controllability for nonlinear thermoviscoelastic plate problem
  59. Improved modified gradient-based iterative algorithm and its relaxed version for the complex conjugate and transpose Sylvester matrix equations
  60. Superposition operator problems of Hölder-Lipschitz spaces
  61. A note on λ-analogue of Lah numbers and λ-analogue of r-Lah numbers
  62. Ground state solutions and multiple positive solutions for nonhomogeneous Kirchhoff equation with Berestycki-Lions type conditions
  63. A note on 1-semi-greedy bases in p-Banach spaces with 0 < p ≤ 1
  64. Fixed point results for generalized convex orbital Lipschitz operators
  65. Asymptotic model for the propagation of surface waves on a rotating magnetoelastic half-space
  66. Multiplicity of k-convex solutions for a singular k-Hessian system
  67. Poisson C*-algebra derivations in Poisson C*-algebras
  68. Signal recovery and polynomiographic visualization of modified Noor iteration of operators with property (E)
  69. Approximations to precisely localized supports of solutions for non-linear parabolic p-Laplacian problems
  70. Solving nonlinear fractional differential equations by common fixed point results for a pair of (α, Θ)-type contractions in metric spaces
  71. Pseudo compact almost automorphic solutions to a family of delay differential equations
  72. Periodic measures of fractional stochastic discrete wave equations with nonlinear noise
  73. Asymptotic study of a nonlinear elliptic boundary Steklov problem on a nanostructure
  74. Cramer's rule for a class of coupled Sylvester commutative quaternion matrix equations
  75. Quantitative estimates for perturbed sampling Kantorovich operators in Orlicz spaces
  76. Review Articles
  77. Penalty method for unilateral contact problem with Coulomb's friction in time-fractional derivatives
  78. Differential sandwich theorems for p-valent analytic functions associated with a generalization of the integral operator
  79. Special Issue on Development of Fuzzy Sets and Their Extensions - Part II
  80. Higher-order circular intuitionistic fuzzy time series forecasting methodology: Application of stock change index
  81. Binary relations applied to the fuzzy substructures of quantales under rough environment
  82. Algorithm selection model based on fuzzy multi-criteria decision in big data information mining
  83. A new machine learning approach based on spatial fuzzy data correlation for recognizing sports activities
  84. Benchmarking the efficiency of distribution warehouses using a four-phase integrated PCA-DEA-improved fuzzy SWARA-CoCoSo model for sustainable distribution
  85. Special Issue on Application of Fractional Calculus: Mathematical Modeling and Control - Part II
  86. A study on a type of degenerate poly-Dedekind sums
  87. Efficient scheme for a category of variable-order optimal control problems based on the sixth-kind Chebyshev polynomials
  88. Special Issue on Mathematics for Artificial intelligence and Artificial intelligence for Mathematics
  89. Toward automated hail disaster weather recognition based on spatio-temporal sequence of radar images
  90. The shortest-path and bee colony optimization algorithms for traffic control at single intersection with NetworkX application
  91. Neural network quaternion-based controller for port-Hamiltonian system
  92. Matching ontologies with kernel principle component analysis and evolutionary algorithm
  93. Survey on machine vision-based intelligent water quality monitoring techniques in water treatment plant: Fish activity behavior recognition-based schemes and applications
  94. Artificial intelligence-driven tone recognition of Guzheng: A linear prediction approach
  95. Transformer learning-based neural network algorithms for identification and detection of electronic bullying in social media
  96. Squirrel search algorithm-support vector machine: Assessing civil engineering budgeting course using an SSA-optimized SVM model
  97. Special Issue on International E-Conference on Mathematical and Statistical Sciences - Part I
  98. Some fixed point results on ultrametric spaces endowed with a graph
  99. On the generalized Mellin integral operators
  100. On existence and multiplicity of solutions for a biharmonic problem with weights via Ricceri's theorem
  101. Approximation process of a positive linear operator of hypergeometric type
  102. On Kantorovich variant of Brass-Stancu operators
  103. A higher-dimensional categorical perspective on 2-crossed modules
  104. Special Issue on Some Integral Inequalities, Integral Equations, and Applications - Part I
  105. On parameterized inequalities for fractional multiplicative integrals
  106. On inverse source term for heat equation with memory term
  107. On Fejér-type inequalities for generalized trigonometrically and hyperbolic k-convex functions
  108. New extensions related to Fejér-type inequalities for GA-convex functions
  109. Derivation of Hermite-Hadamard-Jensen-Mercer conticrete inequalities for Atangana-Baleanu fractional integrals by means of majorization
  110. Some Hardy's inequalities on conformable fractional calculus
  111. The novel quadratic phase Fourier S-transform and associated uncertainty principles in the quaternion setting
  112. Special Issue on Recent Developments in Fixed-Point Theory and Applications - Part I
  113. A novel iterative process for numerical reckoning of fixed points via generalized nonlinear mappings with qualitative study
  114. Some new fixed point theorems of α-partially nonexpansive mappings
  115. Generalized Yosida inclusion problem involving multi-valued operator with XOR operation
  116. Periodic and fixed points for mappings in extended b-gauge spaces equipped with a graph
  117. Convergence of Peaceman-Rachford splitting method with Bregman distance for three-block nonconvex nonseparable optimization
  118. Topological structure of the solution sets to neutral evolution inclusions driven by measures
  119. (α, F)-Geraghty-type generalized F-contractions on non-Archimedean fuzzy metric-unlike spaces
  120. Solvability of infinite system of integral equations of Hammerstein type in three variables in tempering sequence spaces c 0 β and 1 β
  121. Special Issue on Nonlinear Evolution Equations and Their Applications - Part I
  122. Fuzzy fractional delay integro-differential equation with the generalized Atangana-Baleanu fractional derivative
  123. Klein-Gordon potential in characteristic coordinates
  124. Asymptotic analysis of Leray solution for the incompressible NSE with damping
  125. Special Issue on Blow-up Phenomena in Nonlinear Equations of Mathematical Physics - Part I
  126. Long time decay of incompressible convective Brinkman-Forchheimer in L2(ℝ3)
  127. Numerical solution of general order Emden-Fowler-type Pantograph delay differential equations
  128. Global smooth solution to the n-dimensional liquid crystal equations with fractional dissipation
  129. Spectral properties for a system of Dirac equations with nonlinear dependence on the spectral parameter
  130. A memory-type thermoelastic laminated beam with structural damping and microtemperature effects: Well-posedness and general decay
  131. The asymptotic behavior for the Navier-Stokes-Voigt-Brinkman-Forchheimer equations with memory and Tresca friction in a thin domain
  132. Absence of global solutions to wave equations with structural damping and nonlinear memory
  133. Special Issue on Differential Equations and Numerical Analysis - Part I
  134. Vanishing viscosity limit for a one-dimensional viscous conservation law in the presence of two noninteracting shocks
  135. Limiting dynamics for stochastic complex Ginzburg-Landau systems with time-varying delays on unbounded thin domains
  136. A comparison of two nonconforming finite element methods for linear three-field poroelasticity
Heruntergeladen am 17.9.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/dema-2023-0149/html
Button zum nach oben scrollen