Evaluation of immuno diagnostic assay for the exposure of stage specific filarial infection

Rajendran Ravishankaran; Radhika Nagamangalam Shridharan; Lawrence Ansel Vishal; Sankaranarayanan Meenakshisundaram; Anjali Anoop Karande; Perumal Kaliraj

doi:10.1515/ap-2016-0033

Article

Evaluation of immuno diagnostic assay for the exposure of stage specific filarial infection

Rajendran Ravishankaran , Radhika Nagamangalam Shridharan , Lawrence Ansel Vishal , Sankaranarayanan Meenakshisundaram , Anjali Anoop Karande and Perumal Kaliraj

Published/Copyright: March 30, 2016

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From the journal Acta Parasitologica Volume 61 Issue 2

Abstract

Lymphatic filariasis is a debilitating diseases caused by filarial parasitic nematodes. The infection may be acquired in childhood but the symptoms become apparent only in later life. To evaluate the success of any intervention, sensitive diagnostics were used to identify infection among endemic normals that are likely to develop microfilaremia in due course of time. Capture assay was standardized using the recombinant protein Brugia malayi Abundant Larval Transcript-2 (ALT-2) specific monoclonal and poly-clonal antibodies and evaluated with serum samples of clinical groups from high and low filarial infection area individuals (HIA/LIA), Endemic Normal (EN, n = 478), microfilaeremics (MF, n = 77), chronic pathology (CP, n = 57) and non endemic normal (NEN, n = 20). In order to assess stage-specific infection, ALT-2 capture assay was compared with the early reported Venom allergen homologue (VAH) and microfilariae specific SXP-1 capture assays. Of the 632 serum samples tested, ALT-2 and VAH capture assays detected circulating filarial antigen (CFA) in 57% and 52% of HIA-EN individuals, respectively. As expected, the VAH and SXP-1 capture assays were positive for 100 % of MF individuals. The described capture assays can be useful for the detection of early and stage-specific filarial infections in endemic regions of developing countries.

Key words: Lymphatic Filariasis; Abundant Larval Transcript-2; venom allergen homologue; SXP-1; monoclonal antibodies; capture ELISA

Acknowledgements

The Senior Research Fellowship granted to R.Ravishankaran by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Government of India, is gratefully acknowledged. The Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, is acknowledged for financial support to the project (grant no. BT/01/COE/06/13). We sincerely thank Dr. V.Gopalrathinam, Senior Entomologist, Zonal Entomological Research Laboratory, Vellore, Tamilnadu for his cooperation and support in sample collection. We thank to Dr. M.V.R.Reddy, Professor and Head, Department Of Biochemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India, for providing third larval stage parasite. We also thank Dr. Murray Selkirk, Professor of Biochemical Parasitology, Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Imperial College, London, for providing the Non Endemic Sera samples for the study. We sincerely thank the Centre for Animal Facility, Indian Institute of Science (IISc) for providing animals for experimentation.

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Received: 2015-1-29

Revised: 2015-7-28

Accepted: 2015-11-27

Published Online: 2016-3-30

Published in Print: 2016-6-1

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Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.1515/ap-2016-0033

Keywords for this article

Lymphatic Filariasis; Abundant Larval Transcript-2; venom allergen homologue; SXP-1; monoclonal antibodies; capture ELISA