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Design, Manufacture and Analysis of Composite Epoxy Material with Embedded MWCNT Fibers

  • Saad M. Aldosari , Usama A. Khashaba , Mostafa A. Hamed and Hassan S. Hedia
Published/Copyright: November 20, 2014
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Materials Testing
From the journal Materials Testing Volume 56 Issue 11-12

Abstract

The weight and fuel savings offered by composite materials make them attractive not only to the military, but also to the civilian aircraft, space, and automobile industries. In these industries, bolted and riveted joints are extensively used as a primary method for structural joining. Bolted joints in composite materials have complex failure modes, and hence the demand for improving their performance exists. The main objective of this work is to improve the performance of bolted joints in composite structures by introducing nanoparticles/fibers around the expected failure zone. The literature on this issue showed shortcomings in the investigations of such materials. Most of the investigations in this field aimed to enhance the mechanical properties of epoxy materials, which cannot be used alone for high performance structural applications due to their low mechanical properties. In the present work, epoxy resin was modified with different types of nanofillers including multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). Nano-phased epoxy was used to fabricate different types of nanocomposites as well as nano-hybridized glass fiber reinforced composite laminates. Therefore, six different advanced materials were fabricated including a nanocomposite material (MWCNT/E), a quasi-isotropic nano-hybridized composite laminate (QI-GFR/MWCNT/E), a unidirectional nano-hybridized composite laminate (UD-GFR/MWCNT/E) and a control panel manufactured without nano-fillers (neat epoxy, QI-GFR/E, UD-GFR/E). The materials were characterized by tension and compression tests. The obtained properties are essential for the validation of respective finite element analysis. The results showed improvements in the tensile and compressive properties (strength and modulus) of the fabricated nanocomposites (MWCNT/E) compared with neat epoxy. The hybridized composite laminate with MWCNT showed high improvements in their mechanical properties compared to the composite laminates without nanofillers.

Kurzfassung

Die Gewichts- und Kraftstoffeinsparungen, die sich durch Kompositwerkstoffe anbieten, machen sie nicht nur für die Wehrtechnik, sondern auch für die zivile Luftfahrtindustrie, die Raumfahrtindustrie und den Automobilbau attraktiv. In diesen Branchen werden Niet- und Bolzenverbindungen breitflächig als grundlegendes Verfahren für Strukturverbindungen genutzt. Bolzenverbindungen können in Kompositwerkstoffen komplexe Versagensmechanismen aufweisen, und deshalb besteht eine Forderung nach Verbesserung ihrer Leistungsfähigkeit. Das Hauptziel der diesem Beitrag zugrundeliegenden Forschungsarbeiten besteht darin, die Performanz von Bolzenverbindungen in Kompositstrukturen durch die Einbringung von Nanopartikeln und -fasern rund um eine zu erwartende Bruchzone zu verbessern. Die Literatur zu diesem Thema zeigt einige Defizite in der Untersuchung solcher Werkstoffe. Die meisten Untersuchungen auf diesem Gebiet werden angestellt, um die mechanischen Eigenschaften der Epoxidmaterialien zu steigern, die aber aufgrund ihrer allgemein niedrigen mechanischen Eigenschaften nicht allein für Hochleistungsstrukturen verwendet werden können. In den zugrunde liegenden Forschungsarbeiten wurde ein Epoxidharz mit verschiedenen Arten von Nano-Füllern einschließlich Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) modifiziert. Das nano-phasige Epoxid wurde verwendet, um verschiedene Typen von Nanokompositen sowie nano-hybridisierte glasfaserverstärkte Kompositlaminate herzustellen. Es wurden daher vier verschiedene Materialien hergestellt, und zwar ein Nanokompositwerkstoff (Nano-Composite Material (MWCNT/E)), ein quasi-isotropisches nano-hybridisiertes Kompositlaminat (Quasi-Isotropic Nano-Hybridized Composite Laminate (QI-GFR/MWCNT/E)), ein unidirektionales nano-hybridisiertes Kompositlaminat (Unidirectional Nano-Hybridized Composite Laminates (UD-GFR/MWCNT/E)) und eine Kontrollplatte ohne Nano-Füller (Neat Epoxy, QI-GFR/E, UD-GFR/E). Die Werkstoffe wurden mittels Zug- und Druckversuchen charakterisiert. Die damit bestimmten Eigenschaften sind für die Validierung von Finite-Elemente-Analysen essentiell. Die Ergebnisse zeigten Verbesserungen in der Zug- und Druckfestigkeit sowie in den entsprechenden Modulen bei den so hergestellten Nanokompositen gegenüber dem reinen Epoxid.

Keywords: Materials testing; finite element analysis; FGM; hip replacement; coating; stress shielding; interface shear stress
*Correspondence Address, Prof. Dr. Hassan Hedia, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Consultant of the University Vice President, Vice President Office, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80200, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. E-mail:

Assist. Prof. Dr. Saad M. Aldousari, born 1956, is Assistant Professor at King Abdulaziz University (KAU) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. He received his BSc in 1980 from the Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, KAU, and his MSc and PhD from Bradford University, United Kingdom. His field of interest is manufacturing technology.

Prof. Dr. Usama A. Khashaba, born 1962, received his BSc, MSc and PhD degrees in Mechanical Engineering from Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt, in 1985, 1989 and 1993, respectively. Since 1985 he has been Teaching Assistant, Lecturer, Assistant Professor and Associate Professor. Since 2004, he is Professor for Composite Materials at King Abdulaziz University (KAU) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Prof. Dr. Mostafa A. Hamed, born 1950, is Professor for Applied Mechanics and Stress Analysis in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. He received his BSc and MSc in Mechanical Engineering from Cairo Universty, Egypt, and his PhD in Mechanical Engineering from University of South Carolina, USA, in 1973, 1977 and 1981, respectively. His research interests include non-destructive testing by ultrasound, mechanical systems modeling and simulations, fracture mechanics as well as nano-material characterization.

Prof. Dr. Hassan S. Hedia, born in 1959, is Professor for Materials and Solid Mechanics at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. In 1981, achieved his BSc in Mechanical Engineering at Cairo University, Egypt and in 1989 his MSc in Production Engineering at Mansoura University, Egypt. In 1996, he achieved his PhD in the Mechanical Engineering Department at Leeds University, UK, and at Mansoura University, Egypt, within the channel system. His field of interest is advanced materials, fracture mechanics, stress analysis as well as biomechanics.

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Published Online: 2014-11-20
Published in Print: 2014-11-17

© 2014, Carl Hanser Verlag, München

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Inhalt/Contents
  2. Inhalt
  3. Fachbeiträge/Technical Contributions
  4. Residual Stress Analysis of Strongly Textured Materials by Means of the Incremental Hole-Drilling Method – Survey on the Application Limits
  5. Finite Element Analysis of Calibration Coefficients for Residual Stress Measurements by the Ring Core Procedure
  6. Influence of Specimen Dimensions and Orientation on the Tensile Properties of Structural Steel
  7. Finite Element Analysis of Friction Stir Welded Aluminum Alloy AA6061-T6 Joints
  8. Heat Treatment Effects on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of 30MnB4 Steel Bolts
  9. Effect of the Purging Gas on Properties of Ti Stabilized AISI 321 Stainless Steel TIG Welds
  10. Aluminum Foam Structures and Compressive Properties Produced from Multiple and Differently Arranged Precursors
  11. Lubrication Effects during Biaxial Stretch Forming of Galvanized Steel Compared to Interstitial-Free Steel
  12. Dry Sliding Wear Mechanism of Spark Plasma Sintered Si3N4/SiC Composites on Steel
  13. Effects of Coil Design on Induction Welding of Sintered Iron Based Compacts
  14. The Potential in Simulation and Metamodeling for the Understanding and Development of NDE
  15. The Effect of Aging Parameters and Roughness on the Wear Properties of Aluminum Alloy 6082
  16. Behavior of Chopped Strand Mat and Woven Roving under Bending
  17. Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Foam-Filled Aluminum Conical Tubes Subjected to Oblique Impact Loading
  18. Examination of the Wear Behavior of Cu-Ni/B4Cp Composite by the Taguchi Method
  19. Application of ANOVA and Taguchi Methods for Evaluation of the Surface Roughness of Stellite-6 Coating Material
  20. Improved Stress Shielding of a Coated Cemented Hip Stem by Functionally Graded Materials
  21. Design, Manufacture and Analysis of Composite Epoxy Material with Embedded MWCNT Fibers
  22. Effects of Cutting Parameters and Point Angle on Thrust Force and Delamination in Drilling of CFRP
  23. Optimization of Screw Elements by Genetic Algorithm
  24. Vorschau/Preview
  25. Vorschau
https://doi.org/10.3139/120.110668
Keywords for this article
Materials testing; finite element analysis; FGM; hip replacement; coating; stress shielding; interface shear stress

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Inhalt/Contents
  2. Inhalt
  3. Fachbeiträge/Technical Contributions
  4. Residual Stress Analysis of Strongly Textured Materials by Means of the Incremental Hole-Drilling Method – Survey on the Application Limits
  5. Finite Element Analysis of Calibration Coefficients for Residual Stress Measurements by the Ring Core Procedure
  6. Influence of Specimen Dimensions and Orientation on the Tensile Properties of Structural Steel
  7. Finite Element Analysis of Friction Stir Welded Aluminum Alloy AA6061-T6 Joints
  8. Heat Treatment Effects on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of 30MnB4 Steel Bolts
  9. Effect of the Purging Gas on Properties of Ti Stabilized AISI 321 Stainless Steel TIG Welds
  10. Aluminum Foam Structures and Compressive Properties Produced from Multiple and Differently Arranged Precursors
  11. Lubrication Effects during Biaxial Stretch Forming of Galvanized Steel Compared to Interstitial-Free Steel
  12. Dry Sliding Wear Mechanism of Spark Plasma Sintered Si3N4/SiC Composites on Steel
  13. Effects of Coil Design on Induction Welding of Sintered Iron Based Compacts
  14. The Potential in Simulation and Metamodeling for the Understanding and Development of NDE
  15. The Effect of Aging Parameters and Roughness on the Wear Properties of Aluminum Alloy 6082
  16. Behavior of Chopped Strand Mat and Woven Roving under Bending
  17. Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Foam-Filled Aluminum Conical Tubes Subjected to Oblique Impact Loading
  18. Examination of the Wear Behavior of Cu-Ni/B4Cp Composite by the Taguchi Method
  19. Application of ANOVA and Taguchi Methods for Evaluation of the Surface Roughness of Stellite-6 Coating Material
  20. Improved Stress Shielding of a Coated Cemented Hip Stem by Functionally Graded Materials
  21. Design, Manufacture and Analysis of Composite Epoxy Material with Embedded MWCNT Fibers
  22. Effects of Cutting Parameters and Point Angle on Thrust Force and Delamination in Drilling of CFRP
  23. Optimization of Screw Elements by Genetic Algorithm
  24. Vorschau/Preview
  25. Vorschau
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