Lubrication Effects during Biaxial Stretch Forming of Galvanized Steel Compared to Interstitial-Free Steel

Bora Sener; Eyup Sabri Kayali; Bedri Onur Kucukyildirim

doi:10.3139/120.110658

Article

Lubrication Effects during Biaxial Stretch Forming of Galvanized Steel Compared to Interstitial-Free Steel

Bora Sener , Eyup Sabri Kayali and Bedri Onur Kucukyildirim

Published/Copyright: November 20, 2014

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From the journal Materials Testing Volume 56 Issue 11-12

Abstract

In this study, the effect of lubrications in biaxial forming zone was investigated and their performances in stretch forming process were compared. Two different ultra low carbon steel sheets which are extensively used in the industries, interstitial-free steel and galvanized steel, were tested. Three different lubrications were tested and changes in the right hand of the forming limit diagrams of the materials with different lubricants were determined by using out-of-plane formability test as well as limiting dome heights were obtained for each lubricant. Moreover, strain distributions of samples, which were stretched with dry and different lubricants, were evaluated experimentally and the effectiveness of lubricants is compared. As a result, it was observed that deep-drawing oil has the highest performance among all lubricants. Furthermore, galvanized steel has lower formability under all conditions when compared to interstitial-free steel.

Kurzfassung

In der diesem Beitrag zugrunde liegenden Studie wurde die Auswirkung von Schmierstoffen in der zweiachsigen Verformungszone untersucht und deren Eigenschaften beim Formrecken untersucht. Hierzu wurden zwei verschiedene industriell häufig verwendete Stähle mit sehr niedrigem Kohlenstoffgehalt (ultra low carbon steel), nämlich interstitiellfreier und verzinkter Stahl, untersucht. Es wurden drei verschiedene Schmierstoffe getestet und die Veränderungen auf der rechten Seite der Grenzdiagramme der Werkstoffe beim Formen der Materialien bestimmt. Hierzu kam der out-of-plane-Verformbarkeitsversuch zum Einsatz und es wurden begrenzende Höhenausschläge für jeden Schmierstoff ermittelt. Darüber hinaus wurden die Dehnungsverteilungen in den Proben, die trocken und mit verschiedenen Schmierstoffen gedehnt wurden, experimentell evaluiert, anschließend wurde die Effektivität der Schmierstoffe verglichen. Als ein Ergebnis wurde beobachtet, dass Tiefziehöl unter allen Schmierstoffen die besten Eigenschaften unter allen Schmierstoffen aufweist. Zudem hat der verzinkte Stahl eine niedrigere Verformbarkeit unter allen Bedingungen gegenüber dem interstitiell freien Stahl.

Keywords: Materials testing; lubrication; biaxial forming; strain distribution; limiting dome height

*Correspondence Address, Dr. Bedri Onur Kucukyildirim, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Besiktas, Istanbul 34349, Turkey. E-mail: kucukyil@yildiz.edu.tr

MSc Bora Sener, born in 1984, studied Mechanical Engineering and finished his BSc in the Materials Science and Manufacturing Technologies Division of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey, where he has been working as a researcher since 2011. Sheet metal forming, mechanical behavior of materials and finite element analysis are his primary topics of interest.

Prof. Dr. Eyup Sabri Kayali, born in 1947, studied Material Science and Engineering. He completed his MSc in 1973 and his PhD in 1976 at Stanford University, USA. He has been a professor since 1989 at Istanbul Technical University, Turkey. The primary topics of his scientific work are mechanical properties of materials, cold & hot deformation of materials, creep, superplasticity and fatigue in metallic materials, materials selection and structure-property relationship in materials, damage analysis as well as welding metallurgy.

Dr. Bedri Onur Kucukyildirim, born in 1983, finished his MSc and PhD in the Materials Science and Manufacturing Technologies Division of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey, where he has been working as a researcher since 2005. Composites, dental materials, carbon nanotubes and testing of materials are his primary areas of interest.

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Published Online: 2014-11-20

Published in Print: 2014-11-17

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Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.3139/120.110658

Keywords for this article

Materials testing; lubrication; biaxial forming; strain distribution; limiting dome height