Comparison and optimisation of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas oil using supercritical methyl acetate and methanol
-
Noorzalila Niza
,
Kok Tan
Abstract
In this study, biodiesel has been successfully produced by transesterification using non-catalytic supercritical methanol and methyl acetate. The variables studied, such as reaction time, reaction temperature and molar ratio of methanol or methyl acetate to oil, were optimised to obtain the optimum yield of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME). Subsequently, the results for both reactions were analysed and compared via Response Surface Methodology (RSM) analysis. The mathematical models for both reactions were found to be adequate to predict the optimum yield of biodiesel. The results from the optimisation studies showed that a yield of 89.4 % was achieved for the reaction with supercritical methanol within the reaction time of 27 min, reaction temperature of 358°C, and methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 44. For the reaction in the presence of supercritical methyl acetate, the optimum conditions were found to be: reaction time of 32 min, reaction temperature of 400°C, and methyl acetate-to-oil molar ratio of 50 to achieve 71.9 % biodiesel yield. The differences in the behaviour of methanol and methyl acetate in the transesterification reaction are largely due to the difference in reactivity and mutual solubility of Jatropha curcas oil and methanol/methyl acetate.
[1] Antolín, G., Tinaut, F. V., Briceño, Y., Castaño, V., Pérez, C., & Ramírez, A. I. (2002). Optimisation of biodiesel production by sunflower oil transesterification. Bioresource Technology, 83, 111–114. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00200-0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00200-010.1016/S0960-8524(01)00200-0Suche in Google Scholar
[2] Campanelli, P., Banchero, M., & Manna, L. (2010). Synthesis of biodiesel from edible, non-edible and waste cooking oils via supercritical methyl acetate transesterification. Fuel, 89, 3675–3682. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2010.07.033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2010.07.03310.1016/j.fuel.2010.07.033Suche in Google Scholar
[3] Cao, W., Han, H., & Zhang, J. (2005). Preparation of biodiesel from soybean oil using supercritical methanol and co-solvent. Fuel, 84, 347–351. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2004.10.001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2004.10.00110.1016/j.fuel.2004.10.001Suche in Google Scholar
[4] Chen, Y., Xiao, B., Chang, J., Fu, Y., Lv, P., & Wang, X. (2009). Synthesis of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using immobilized lipase in fixed bed reactor. Energy Conversion and Management, 50, 668–673. DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2008.10.011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2008.10.01110.1016/j.enconman.2008.10.011Suche in Google Scholar
[5] Demirbas, A. (2007). Biodiesel from sunflower oil in supercritical methanol with calcium oxide. Energy Conversion and Management, 48, 937–941, DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2006.08.004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2006.08.00410.1016/j.enconman.2006.08.004Suche in Google Scholar
[6] Demirbaş, A. (2002). Biodiesel from vegetable oils via transesterification in supercritical methanol. Energy Conversion and Management, 43, 2349–2356. DOI: 10.1016/S0196-8904(01)00170-4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-8904(01)00170-410.1016/S0196-8904(01)00170-4Suche in Google Scholar
[7] Hawash, S., Kamal, N., Zaher, F., Kenawi, O., & El Diwani, G. (2009). Biodiesel fuel from Jatropha oil via non-catalytic supercritical methanol transesterification. Fuel, 88, 579–582. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2008.09.007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2008.09.00710.1016/j.fuel.2008.09.007Suche in Google Scholar
[8] Kafuku, G., Lee, K. T., & Mbarawa, M. (2010). The use of sulfated tin oxide as solid superacid catalyst for heterogenous transesterification of Jatropha curcas oil. Chemical Papers, 64, 734–740. DOI: 10.2478/s11696-010-0063-1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11696-010-0063-110.2478/s11696-010-0063-1Suche in Google Scholar
[9] Kansedo, J., Lee, K. T., & Bhatia, S. (2009). Biodiesel production from palm oil via heterogeneous transesterification. Biomass and Bioenergy, 33, 271–276. DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2008.05.011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2008.05.01110.1016/j.biombioe.2008.05.011Suche in Google Scholar
[10] Kusdiana, D., & Saka, S. (2004). Effects of water on biodiesel fuel production by supercritical methanol treatment. Bioresource Technology, 91, 289–295. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-8524(03)00201-3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(03)00201-310.1016/S0960-8524(03)00201-3Suche in Google Scholar
[11] Kusdiana, D., & Saka, S. (2001). Kinetics of transesterification in rapeseed oil to biodiesel fuel as treated in supercritical methanol. Fuel, 80, 693–698. DOI: 10.1016/S0016-2361(00)00140-X. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(00)00140-X10.1016/S0016-2361(00)00140-XSuche in Google Scholar
[12] Lang, X., Dalai, A. K., Bakhshi, N. N., Reaney, M. J., & Hertz, P. B. (2001). Preparation and characterization of biodiesels from various bio-oils. Bioresource Technology, 80, 53–62. DOI: 10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00051-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(01)00051-710.1016/S0960-8524(01)00051-7Suche in Google Scholar
[13] Openshaw, K. (2000). A review of Jatropha curcas: an oil plant of unfulfilled promise. Biomass and Bioenergy, 19, 1–15. DOI: 10.1016/S0961-9534(00)00019-2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0961-9534(00)00019-210.1016/S0961-9534(00)00019-2Suche in Google Scholar
[14] Riddick, J., & Bunger, W. (1970). Methyl acetate. In Organic solvents. New York, NY, USA: Wiley. Suche in Google Scholar
[15] Saka, S., & Isayama, Y. (2009). A new process for catalyst-free production of biodiesel using supercritical methyl acetate. Fuel, 88, 1307–1313. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2008.12.028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2008.12.02810.1016/j.fuel.2008.12.028Suche in Google Scholar
[16] Saka, S., & Kusdiana, D. (2001). Biodiesel fuel from rapeseed oil as prepared in supercritical methanol. Fuel, 80, 225–231. DOI: 10.1016/S0016-2361(00)00083-1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(00)00083-110.1016/S0016-2361(00)00083-1Suche in Google Scholar
[17] Sawangkeaw, R., Bunyakiat, K., & Ngamprasertsith, S. (2010). A review of laboratory-scale research on lipid conversion to biodiesel with supercritical methanol (2001–2009). The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 55, 1–13. DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2010.06.008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2010.06.00810.1016/j.supflu.2010.06.008Suche in Google Scholar
[18] Tan, K. T., Gui, M. M., Lee, K. T., & Mohamed, A. R. (2010a). An optimized study of methanol and ethanol in supercritical alcohol technology for biodiesel production. The Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 53, 82–87. DOI:10.1016/j.supflu.2009.12.017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2009.12.01710.1016/j.supflu.2009.12.017Suche in Google Scholar
[19] Tan, K. T., Lee, K. T., & Mohamed, A. R. (2010b). A glycerolfree process to produce biodiesel by supercritical methyl acetate technology: An optimization study via Response Surface Methodology. Bioresource Technology, 101, 965–969. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2009.09.004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.09.00410.1016/j.biortech.2009.09.004Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
[20] Tan, K. T., Lee, K. T., & Mohamed, A. R. (2009). Production of FAME by palm oil transesterification via supercritical methanol technology. Biomass and Bioenergy, 33, 1096–1099. DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2009.04.003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2009.04.00310.1016/j.biombioe.2009.04.003Suche in Google Scholar
[21] Vicente, G., Martínez, M., & Aracil, J. (2004). Integrated biodiesel production: a comparison of different homogeneous catalysts systems. Bioresource Technology, 92, 297–305. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2003.08.014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2003.08.01410.1016/j.biortech.2003.08.014Suche in Google Scholar PubMed
© 2011 Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences
Artikel in diesem Heft
- 5th conference on membrane science and technology PERMEA 2010
- A procedure for the determination of dichloromethane and tetrachloroethene in water using pervaporation and gas chromatography
- Modeling of diffusive transport of benzoic acid through a liquid membrane
- Comparison of ceramic capillary membrane and ceramic tubular membrane with inserted static mixer
- New approach to regeneration of an ionic liquid containing solvent by molecular distillation
- Mass-transfer in pertraction of butyric acid by phosphonium ionic liquids and dodecane
- Determination of carbon in solidified sodium coolant using new ICP-OES methods
- Interpretation of interactions of halogenated hydrocarbons with modified silica adsorbent coated with 3-benzylketoimine group silane
- Adaptive nonlinear control of a continuous stirred tank reactor
- Anaerobic baffled reactor treatment of biodiesel-processing wastewater with high strength of methanol and glycerol: reactor performance and biogas production
- Analysis of streptolydigin degradation and conversion in cultural supernatants of Streptomyces lydicus AS 4.2501
- Spectroscopic and magnetic evidence of coordination properties of bioactive diethyl (pyridin-4-ylmethyl)phosphate ligand with chloride transition-metal ions
- Microstructure and properties of polyhydroxybutyrate-calcium phosphate cement composites
- Intercalation of basic amino acids into layered zirconium proline-N-methylphosphonate phosphate
- Effect of sol-gel preparation method on particle morphology in pure and nanocomposite PZT thin films
- Synthesis, spectroscopic and configurational study, and ab initio calculations of new diazaphospholanes
- Synthesis and in vitro antimicrobial activity of new 3-(2-morpholinoquinolin-3-yl) substituted acrylonitrile and propanenitrile derivatives
- Silicon-based thiourea-mediated and microwave-assisted thio-Michael addition under solvent-free reaction conditions
- One-pot synthesis of 2-amino-3-cyano-4-arylsubstituted tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans catalysed by silica gel-supported polyphosphoric acid (PPA-SiO2) as an efficient and reusable catalyst
- Comparison and optimisation of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas oil using supercritical methyl acetate and methanol
- Determination of photoredox properties of individual kinetically labile complexes in equilibrium systems
- A halogenated coumarin from Ficus krishnae
- 4β-Isocyanopodophyllotoxins: valuable precursors for the synthesis of new podophyllotoxin analogues
- Environmentally benign one-pot synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 1-methyl-2,6-diarylpiperidin-4-ones
Artikel in diesem Heft
- 5th conference on membrane science and technology PERMEA 2010
- A procedure for the determination of dichloromethane and tetrachloroethene in water using pervaporation and gas chromatography
- Modeling of diffusive transport of benzoic acid through a liquid membrane
- Comparison of ceramic capillary membrane and ceramic tubular membrane with inserted static mixer
- New approach to regeneration of an ionic liquid containing solvent by molecular distillation
- Mass-transfer in pertraction of butyric acid by phosphonium ionic liquids and dodecane
- Determination of carbon in solidified sodium coolant using new ICP-OES methods
- Interpretation of interactions of halogenated hydrocarbons with modified silica adsorbent coated with 3-benzylketoimine group silane
- Adaptive nonlinear control of a continuous stirred tank reactor
- Anaerobic baffled reactor treatment of biodiesel-processing wastewater with high strength of methanol and glycerol: reactor performance and biogas production
- Analysis of streptolydigin degradation and conversion in cultural supernatants of Streptomyces lydicus AS 4.2501
- Spectroscopic and magnetic evidence of coordination properties of bioactive diethyl (pyridin-4-ylmethyl)phosphate ligand with chloride transition-metal ions
- Microstructure and properties of polyhydroxybutyrate-calcium phosphate cement composites
- Intercalation of basic amino acids into layered zirconium proline-N-methylphosphonate phosphate
- Effect of sol-gel preparation method on particle morphology in pure and nanocomposite PZT thin films
- Synthesis, spectroscopic and configurational study, and ab initio calculations of new diazaphospholanes
- Synthesis and in vitro antimicrobial activity of new 3-(2-morpholinoquinolin-3-yl) substituted acrylonitrile and propanenitrile derivatives
- Silicon-based thiourea-mediated and microwave-assisted thio-Michael addition under solvent-free reaction conditions
- One-pot synthesis of 2-amino-3-cyano-4-arylsubstituted tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans catalysed by silica gel-supported polyphosphoric acid (PPA-SiO2) as an efficient and reusable catalyst
- Comparison and optimisation of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas oil using supercritical methyl acetate and methanol
- Determination of photoredox properties of individual kinetically labile complexes in equilibrium systems
- A halogenated coumarin from Ficus krishnae
- 4β-Isocyanopodophyllotoxins: valuable precursors for the synthesis of new podophyllotoxin analogues
- Environmentally benign one-pot synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 1-methyl-2,6-diarylpiperidin-4-ones
