Im Spannungsfeld von Konsens, Konvention und Kontingenz. Dieurkundliche Tätigkeit der Erzbischöfe von Mailand und der Bischöfe von Parma im Vergleich
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Étienne Doublier
Abstract
This paper regards the production of charters by the archbishops of Milan and the bishops of Parma between the eleventh and the early twelfth century. Bishops’ charters were not common in Italy, as most documents, including those recording episcopal transactions or decisions, were drawn up by secular notaries. Both case studies are each divided into three parts: firstly, the documentary material is recorded or quantitative findings are presented. In a second step, the factors and occasions that led to the issuing of a deed in a given form and with a given content are discussed. A third section focuses on the patterns and models of writing. In particular, three results emerge from the analysis: 1) The Milanese archbishops, in comparison to their Upper Italian counterparts, had their own style even in the production of charters. From the first half and the middle decades of the eleventh century, relatively few charters of the archbishops of Milan are handed down, while this practice reaches its peak in other Italian episcopal sees during the same period (in Parma as well). The number of extant documents that have come down to us increased again in Milan under Anselm IV (1097- 1100) and after 1115, when their production came to a standstill in most other bishoprics. 2) In Parma, the heyday of episcopal charters coincides with periods in which the practice of drafting royal diplomas by Italian scribes was booming (1000-1060). During these years, numerous clerics of the episcopal church of Parma were involved in the production of episcopal charters. Under the bishops Henry and Hugh (1015-1045), some documents may even have been produced by the bishop himself. 3) Without a consensus on the principal orientation of episcopal authority, no documentary activity of the bishop could develop either in Milan or in Parma. This was the case in Milan in the years of the Pataria conflict and in Parma in the late eleventh and early twelfth centuries.
Abstract
This paper regards the production of charters by the archbishops of Milan and the bishops of Parma between the eleventh and the early twelfth century. Bishops’ charters were not common in Italy, as most documents, including those recording episcopal transactions or decisions, were drawn up by secular notaries. Both case studies are each divided into three parts: firstly, the documentary material is recorded or quantitative findings are presented. In a second step, the factors and occasions that led to the issuing of a deed in a given form and with a given content are discussed. A third section focuses on the patterns and models of writing. In particular, three results emerge from the analysis: 1) The Milanese archbishops, in comparison to their Upper Italian counterparts, had their own style even in the production of charters. From the first half and the middle decades of the eleventh century, relatively few charters of the archbishops of Milan are handed down, while this practice reaches its peak in other Italian episcopal sees during the same period (in Parma as well). The number of extant documents that have come down to us increased again in Milan under Anselm IV (1097- 1100) and after 1115, when their production came to a standstill in most other bishoprics. 2) In Parma, the heyday of episcopal charters coincides with periods in which the practice of drafting royal diplomas by Italian scribes was booming (1000-1060). During these years, numerous clerics of the episcopal church of Parma were involved in the production of episcopal charters. Under the bishops Henry and Hugh (1015-1045), some documents may even have been produced by the bishop himself. 3) Without a consensus on the principal orientation of episcopal authority, no documentary activity of the bishop could develop either in Milan or in Parma. This was the case in Milan in the years of the Pataria conflict and in Parma in the late eleventh and early twelfth centuries.
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Inhalt V
- Vorwort IX
- Jenseits des Investiturstreits 1
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I Diskurse und Öffentlichkeit
- Diskurse und Öffentlichkeit 23
- Una parola contesa. Populus al tempo della lotta per le investiture 31
- Simony – Declensions of a Lemma. The Florentine Case 67
- Verdichtete Kommunikation und politische Semantik um 1100 97
-
II Wandel von Herrschaftsstrukturen und -praktiken
- Wandel von Herrschaftsstrukturen und -praktiken 125
- Worms und seine Region. Bischof, Herrschaft, Stadt 133
- Ostiglia around 1100. A Window on the Transformation of Local Power in the Countryside 155
- Gaeta zwischen Fragmentierung und Zentralisierung. Wandel der Herrschaftsstrukturen im Küstendukat 181
-
III Netzwerke
- Netzwerke 219
- Altbewährtes in neuem Gewand. Die Erzbistümer Köln, Mainz und Mailand und ihre Beziehung zum Kaiser in spätottonischfrühsalischer Zeit 231
- Der Einfluss Kaiser Heinrichs III. auf die Bistümer anhand der Beispiele Köln, Mainz und Mailand 255
- Conclusio der Beiträge „Altbewährtes in neuem Gewand“ und „Der Einfluss Kaiser Heinrichs III. auf die Bistümer anhand der Beispiele Köln, Mainz und Mailand“ 277
- Cadalo di Parma e Anselmo di Lucca. Reti di solidarietà opposte nel contesto dello scisma del 1061 283
- Uno scisma diocesano della lotta per le investiture in configurazione. Il caso di Bologna (1030–1130) 329
- Erzbischöfliche Netzwerke – eine Annäherung anhand reichspolitischer Zäsuren und Herrschaftswechsel von 1105/1106 bis 1125. Die Erzbischöfe von Mainz, Köln und Salzburg im ersten Viertel des 12. Jahrhunderts 365
- Le reti relazionali degli abati di S. Maria di Farfa, 1045–1125. Analisi diacronica di una costellazione di rapporti in movimento 397
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IV Medien und Zeichen
- Medien und Zeichen 441
- Schriftlichkeitswandel und Überlieferungsbildung anhand von Rechtshandlungen von und bei den Bischöfen von Brixen und Augsburg sowie den Erzbischöfen von Mainz (ca. 1050–1150) 453
- Im Spannungsfeld von Konsens, Konvention und Kontingenz. Dieurkundliche Tätigkeit der Erzbischöfe von Mailand und der Bischöfe von Parma im Vergleich 481
- Inschriftlichkeit im Spannungsfeld von renovatio Romae und renovatio Senatus. Epigraphische und materiale Dimensionen römischer Erneuerung im 12. Jahrhundert 513
- Register 549
Chapters in this book
- Frontmatter I
- Inhalt V
- Vorwort IX
- Jenseits des Investiturstreits 1
-
I Diskurse und Öffentlichkeit
- Diskurse und Öffentlichkeit 23
- Una parola contesa. Populus al tempo della lotta per le investiture 31
- Simony – Declensions of a Lemma. The Florentine Case 67
- Verdichtete Kommunikation und politische Semantik um 1100 97
-
II Wandel von Herrschaftsstrukturen und -praktiken
- Wandel von Herrschaftsstrukturen und -praktiken 125
- Worms und seine Region. Bischof, Herrschaft, Stadt 133
- Ostiglia around 1100. A Window on the Transformation of Local Power in the Countryside 155
- Gaeta zwischen Fragmentierung und Zentralisierung. Wandel der Herrschaftsstrukturen im Küstendukat 181
-
III Netzwerke
- Netzwerke 219
- Altbewährtes in neuem Gewand. Die Erzbistümer Köln, Mainz und Mailand und ihre Beziehung zum Kaiser in spätottonischfrühsalischer Zeit 231
- Der Einfluss Kaiser Heinrichs III. auf die Bistümer anhand der Beispiele Köln, Mainz und Mailand 255
- Conclusio der Beiträge „Altbewährtes in neuem Gewand“ und „Der Einfluss Kaiser Heinrichs III. auf die Bistümer anhand der Beispiele Köln, Mainz und Mailand“ 277
- Cadalo di Parma e Anselmo di Lucca. Reti di solidarietà opposte nel contesto dello scisma del 1061 283
- Uno scisma diocesano della lotta per le investiture in configurazione. Il caso di Bologna (1030–1130) 329
- Erzbischöfliche Netzwerke – eine Annäherung anhand reichspolitischer Zäsuren und Herrschaftswechsel von 1105/1106 bis 1125. Die Erzbischöfe von Mainz, Köln und Salzburg im ersten Viertel des 12. Jahrhunderts 365
- Le reti relazionali degli abati di S. Maria di Farfa, 1045–1125. Analisi diacronica di una costellazione di rapporti in movimento 397
-
IV Medien und Zeichen
- Medien und Zeichen 441
- Schriftlichkeitswandel und Überlieferungsbildung anhand von Rechtshandlungen von und bei den Bischöfen von Brixen und Augsburg sowie den Erzbischöfen von Mainz (ca. 1050–1150) 453
- Im Spannungsfeld von Konsens, Konvention und Kontingenz. Dieurkundliche Tätigkeit der Erzbischöfe von Mailand und der Bischöfe von Parma im Vergleich 481
- Inschriftlichkeit im Spannungsfeld von renovatio Romae und renovatio Senatus. Epigraphische und materiale Dimensionen römischer Erneuerung im 12. Jahrhundert 513
- Register 549
