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10 Authorship as Profession and the Uses of Genre in Antebellum America

  • Philipp Löffler
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Handbook of American Romanticism
Ein Kapitel aus dem Buch Handbook of American Romanticism

Abstract

This chapter traces and analyzes the strategies by which Romantic writers sought to establish authorship as a profession. Contrary to more conventional scholarly accounts of this context, the chapter argues that it does not make sense to categorize Romantic literature in competing schools of writing or intellectual movements. Rather, Romantic authors were collectively engaged in wrestling with the demands of a still incoherently developed publishing and book trading system, each of them responding to the particularity of their situation with different and, in hindsight, conflicting literary strategies. I illustrate these claims by discussing the evolving book market and how the use of genre helped authors to justify their claims to literary-professional autonomy. In the last part of the essay, I exemplify the historical analysis in a discussion of three prominent Romantic writers and their relationship with the literary market: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Nathaniel Hawthorne, and Harriet Beecher Stowe.

Abstract

This chapter traces and analyzes the strategies by which Romantic writers sought to establish authorship as a profession. Contrary to more conventional scholarly accounts of this context, the chapter argues that it does not make sense to categorize Romantic literature in competing schools of writing or intellectual movements. Rather, Romantic authors were collectively engaged in wrestling with the demands of a still incoherently developed publishing and book trading system, each of them responding to the particularity of their situation with different and, in hindsight, conflicting literary strategies. I illustrate these claims by discussing the evolving book market and how the use of genre helped authors to justify their claims to literary-professional autonomy. In the last part of the essay, I exemplify the historical analysis in a discussion of three prominent Romantic writers and their relationship with the literary market: Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Nathaniel Hawthorne, and Harriet Beecher Stowe.

Kapitel in diesem Buch

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. The Editors’ Preface V
  3. Contents VII
  4. 0 Introduction 1
  5. Part I: Definitions, Backgrounds, Contexts
  6. 1 Antebellum Period and Romanticism: Definitions and Demarcations 9
  7. 2 Antebellum Literary Culture: The Institutions of Romanticism 33
  8. 3 Transnational Dimensions of Romanticism 55
  9. 4 American Romanticism and Religion 81
  10. 5 Romanticism and European Philosophy, or “Idealism As It Appears in 1842” 119
  11. Part II: Intellectual, Spiritual, and Political Debates
  12. 6 Romanticism and Democracy 143
  13. 7 Romanticism and Social Reform 163
  14. 8 American Romanticism and Esotericism 185
  15. 9 America as Interior Space: Artificial Landscapes and the Modernization of Literature in Edgar Allan Poe’s Short Fiction 207
  16. Part III: Contestations of Authorship and Genre
  17. 10 Authorship as Profession and the Uses of Genre in Antebellum America 229
  18. 11 Poet-Prophets and Seers: American Romanticism, Authorship, and Literary Institutions 249
  19. 12 Life Writing and Romantic Expressivism 269
  20. 13 The Fireside and Sentimental Poets 293
  21. Part IV: Close Readings
  22. 14 Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Nature (1836): American Romantic “Manifesto” 313
  23. 15 Woman in the Nineteenth Century (1845): Romanticism and (Proto)Feminism 335
  24. 16 The Continuous Creation of Walden 355
  25. 17 Herman Melville’s Moby-Dick (1851) 375
  26. 18 Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter (1850) and the Historical Imagination in American Romanticism 389
  27. 19 Romanticism and History: Göttingen and George Bancroft’s History of the United States (1834) 415
  28. 20 Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) and the Politics of Sentimentalism 435
  29. 21 Myth and Mythmaking in the Douglass Circle 453
  30. 22 “The Soul Selects Her Own Society”: Emily Dickinson’s Poetry and the Creation of the Self 477
  31. 23 The Great Psalm of the Republic: Walt Whitman’s Democratic Poetics 495
  32. Part V: Reception Histories
  33. 24 Transcendentalist Legacies in American Philosophy 517
  34. 25 Rethinking Gender in Antebellum American Literature 537
  35. 26 “In the Woods We Return to Reason and Faith”: American Romanticism, Environmentalism, and Seeker Spirituality 561
  36. Index of Names 579
  37. Index of Subjects 589
  38. List of Contributors 599
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110592238-011

Kapitel in diesem Buch

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. The Editors’ Preface V
  3. Contents VII
  4. 0 Introduction 1
  5. Part I: Definitions, Backgrounds, Contexts
  6. 1 Antebellum Period and Romanticism: Definitions and Demarcations 9
  7. 2 Antebellum Literary Culture: The Institutions of Romanticism 33
  8. 3 Transnational Dimensions of Romanticism 55
  9. 4 American Romanticism and Religion 81
  10. 5 Romanticism and European Philosophy, or “Idealism As It Appears in 1842” 119
  11. Part II: Intellectual, Spiritual, and Political Debates
  12. 6 Romanticism and Democracy 143
  13. 7 Romanticism and Social Reform 163
  14. 8 American Romanticism and Esotericism 185
  15. 9 America as Interior Space: Artificial Landscapes and the Modernization of Literature in Edgar Allan Poe’s Short Fiction 207
  16. Part III: Contestations of Authorship and Genre
  17. 10 Authorship as Profession and the Uses of Genre in Antebellum America 229
  18. 11 Poet-Prophets and Seers: American Romanticism, Authorship, and Literary Institutions 249
  19. 12 Life Writing and Romantic Expressivism 269
  20. 13 The Fireside and Sentimental Poets 293
  21. Part IV: Close Readings
  22. 14 Ralph Waldo Emerson’s Nature (1836): American Romantic “Manifesto” 313
  23. 15 Woman in the Nineteenth Century (1845): Romanticism and (Proto)Feminism 335
  24. 16 The Continuous Creation of Walden 355
  25. 17 Herman Melville’s Moby-Dick (1851) 375
  26. 18 Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter (1850) and the Historical Imagination in American Romanticism 389
  27. 19 Romanticism and History: Göttingen and George Bancroft’s History of the United States (1834) 415
  28. 20 Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) and the Politics of Sentimentalism 435
  29. 21 Myth and Mythmaking in the Douglass Circle 453
  30. 22 “The Soul Selects Her Own Society”: Emily Dickinson’s Poetry and the Creation of the Self 477
  31. 23 The Great Psalm of the Republic: Walt Whitman’s Democratic Poetics 495
  32. Part V: Reception Histories
  33. 24 Transcendentalist Legacies in American Philosophy 517
  34. 25 Rethinking Gender in Antebellum American Literature 537
  35. 26 “In the Woods We Return to Reason and Faith”: American Romanticism, Environmentalism, and Seeker Spirituality 561
  36. Index of Names 579
  37. Index of Subjects 589
  38. List of Contributors 599
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