Home Expression of CENPE and its prognostic role in non-small cell lung cancer
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Expression of CENPE and its prognostic role in non-small cell lung cancer

  • Xuezhi Hao and Tao Qu EMAIL logo
Published/Copyright: June 17, 2019
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Open Medicine
From the journal Open Medicine Volume 14 Issue 1

Abstract

Background

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most important causes of death worldwide. Most patients are diagnosed in the advanced stage and have a poor prognosis. This study was to investigate the expression and significance of CENPE in NSCLC.

Method

Collecting information about CENPE in the Oncoming database, and perform a further analysis of the data in the current database to conduct a meta-analysis for its functional role in NSCLC. Patient life cycle analysis using Kaplan-Meier Plotter and GEPIA databases are used to perform patient survival analysis.

Result

A total of 12 studies involved the expression of CENPE in NSCLC cancer tissues and normal tissues, including 1195 samples. CENPE was highly expressed in NSCLC cell carcinoma compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the expression of CENPE was correlated with the overall survival rate of CENPE. The overall survival rate of patients with high expression of CENPE was poor, and the prognosis of patients with low expression of CENPE was better (P<0.05).

Conclusion

We propose high expression of CENPE in NSLCL tissue is related to the prognosis of NSCLC, which may provide important basis for the development of tumor drugs.

Keywords: Non-small cell lung cancer; CENPE; Oncomine

1 Introduction

Non-small cell lung cancer poses a serious threat to health and is one of the most fatal malignant tumors, causing enormous economic burden on society [1]. Although many new treatments have been discovered in recent years, most of them are found in the middle and late stages, and the prognosis has not been significantly improved [2,3]. Studying the molecular mechanism of NSCLC development is conducive to the discovery of new molecular targets, and the development of new treatments is extremely important for reducing patient suffering and prolonging patient survival [4].

The Oncomine database is currently the world’s largest oncogene array database and integrated data mining platform. To date, the database has collected 715 gene expression data sets, sample data from 86,733 cancer tissues and normal tissues. The Oncomine database can be used to compare differential expression of common cancer types and their normal adjacent tissues. It can also explore various cancer subtypes and clinical and pathological analysis based on differential expression sorting and co-expression analysis. Differentially expressed genes, identifying the target genes, and then determining the research direction, not only save scientific research costs, but also gain more comprehensive information.

The kinesin superfamily is a kind of microtubule-based molecular motor protein, which mediates a variety of functions, and its abnormal expression plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors [5,6]. The CENPE (KIF10) gene belongs to the KIF family and has been found to play an important role in the process of mitotic cytoplasmic separation [7]. The loss of CENPE expression can lead to increased frequency of chromosome misalignment, subsequent delayed mitotic progression in normal cells [8,9]. Although previous studies have shown that CENPE is expressed in a variety of tumor tissues and cells, there is little systematic study in non-small cell lung cancer tissues.

This study utilized the Oncomine database and Kaplan-Meier Plotters database to analyze the expression and prognosis of CENPE in NSCLC. Through a secondary analysis of the possible relationship between CENPE and NSCLC, it provides clues and evidence for further study on the mechanism of CENPE during development of NSCLC.

2 Materials and methods

2.1 The extraction data

Oncomine database is a gene array database and integrated data mining platform. In this database, you can set the conditions for filtering and mining data according to your needs. In this study, we set the screening criteria: “Cancer Type: Lung cancer”; “Gene: CENPE”; “Data Type: mRNA and DNA copy number”; Analysis Type: Cancer vs Normal Analysis”; The threshold setting condition (P value < 0.01, fold change > 2, gene rank = top 10%). Select the histogram to display the result.

2.2 Patient survival analysis

Online survival analysis was performed using the NSCLC dataset from the Kaplan Meier Plotter database. The screening conditions are as follows: “Cancer: Lung Cancer”; “Gene: CENPE “; “Survival: OS”.

2.3 Statistical methods

Differences in CENPE expression between normal tissue and NSCLC groups were analyzed by t-test. All data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 16.0. The difference between the two sides was P < 0.05.

3 Results

3.1 Expression of CENPE in common tumor types

A total of 451 different types of studies were collected in the Oncomine database (Figure 1). There were 49 studies with statistically significant differences in CENPE expression, 45 with increased CENPE expression, and 4 with reduced expression.

Figure 1 Expression of CENPE in common tumor types in the Oncomine database
Figure 1

Expression of CENPE in common tumor types in the Oncomine database

3.2 Expression of CENPE in NSCLC

In the Oncomine database, we found that a total of 12 studies have involved CENPE expression in NSCLC tissues and normal tissues (Figure 2), a total of 1195 samples, including lung adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and large cell lung cancer and normal lung tissue comparison. Articles were published separately in Nat Med [4], Proc Natl Acad Sci [10,11], PLos One [12,13], Cancer Res [14,15], Genome Res [16], Am J Pathol [17], BMC Genomics [18], Bioinformatics [19], Clin Cancer Res [20]. In a meta-analysis of 12 studies in the Oncomine database, the CENPE gene was ranked as 502.0 in all differentially expressed genes, P = 8.97E-5, suggesting that CENPE is highly expressed in NSCLC.

Figure 2 Expression of CENPE in NSCLC in the Oncomine database
Figure 2

Expression of CENPE in NSCLC in the Oncomine database

3.3 Differences in expression of CENPE in different NSCLC research arraies

Figure 3 shows the expression of CENPE in different NSCLC research arraies in the Oncomine database. In these four studies, the expression of CENPE in NSCLC was higher than that in the normal group (P < 0.001).

Figure 3 Differences in expression of CENPE in different NSCLC research arraies
Figure 3

Differences in expression of CENPE in different NSCLC research arraies

3.4 Correlation of CENPE and prognosis of patients with NSCLC

Kaplan-Meier Plotter data showed that CENPE expression levels had a significant impact on overall patient survival. The overall survival time of patients with CENPE high expression group was significantly lower than that of the low expression group. Further subgroup analysis found that CENPE expression levels had a significant effect on the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, whereas in squamous cell carcinoma patients, the expression level had no significant effect on prognosis (Figure 4).

Figure 4 Correlation of CENPE and prognosis of patients with NSCLC
Figure 4

Correlation of CENPE and prognosis of patients with NSCLC

4 Discussion

Lung cancer is one of the most malignant tumors with the highest global morbidity and mortality. Epidemiological statistics have found that the incidence of lung adenocarcinoma has replaced lung squamous cell carcinoma as the highest incidence of NSCLC [21]. For a long time, the prognosis of NSCLC was poor. Until the past ten years, with the advancement of molecular biology technology, a number of lung adenocarcinoma drive genes such as EGFR, KARS, and ALK have been discovered [22], and some target therapeutic drugs have been developed and improved the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma [23]. However, mutations of these drive genes are only present in some patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Therefore, finding key molecules or targets during occurrence and development of NSCLC has important theoretical and clinical significance for the development of new targeted drugs for the treatment of lung cancer.

Kinesin is a kind of motor protein that can drive the cargo molecules carried by itself along the microtubules by the energy of ATP hydrolysis. It is involved in the transport of intracellular substances and participates in vesicles, organelles, chromosomes and RNA binding proteins. Kinesin plays an important role in intracellular transport and mitosis. So far, 45 kinesins have been found in humans and mice. They belong to 14 protein families. According to the position of the motor domain on the heavy chain, the kinesin is divided into three types: the motor domain of C-kinesin is at the c-terminus, M-kinesin is at the middle, and the motor domain of N-kinesin is at the N-terminus [24]. Most of the kinesin is N-kinesin. CENPE (KIF10) is an essential plus end-directed microtubule motor and acts to align chromosomes on the metaphase plate [24,25]. The study found that CENPE is highly expressed in a variety of tumors such as glioma [26], breast cancer [27] and gastric cancer [28]. CENPE overexpression in esophageal adenocarcinoma is significantly associated with tumor grade, invasion, and prognosis in esophageal adenocarcinoma [7]. In vivo and in vitro experiments have demonstrated that genetic deletion or pharmacological inhibition of CENPE significantly inhibits the proliferation of prostate cancer cells [29].

For the first time, we found the prognostic value of CENPE in NSCLC through the KM plotter database. The results showed that the expression of CENPE was clearly correlated with the overall survival rate of NSCLC. The overall survival time of the high expressed CENPE of patient was significantly reduced. Further subgroup analysis found that CENPE expression level had a significant effect on the prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, while in squamous cell carcinoma patients, its expression level had no significant effect on prognosis. The high expression of CENPE may affect the occurrence of tumors, perhaps due to the excessive expression of the kinesin family can affect the normal progression of mitosis, and lead to the occurrence of division or abnormal division, resulting in aneuploid cells, and ultimately cause tumors. All of our data comes from gene chips, the research method is consistent, and contains the largest sample size to date, removing the error caused by the sample size problem and increasing the credibility of the conclusion.

In summary, through the deep exploration of CENPE related information in NSCLC, we propose that CENPE is highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and is associated with the prognosis of NSCLC. Using the database for large sample analysis can avoid the error caused by the small sample size of a single study, and provide an important theoretical basis for clinical treatment. The specific mechanism of action of CENPE in the development of NSCLC disease will require further experiments to prove it in the future.

  1. Conflict of interest

    Conflicts of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

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Received: 2018-04-09
Accepted: 2019-05-06
Published Online: 2019-06-17

© 2019 Xuezhi Hao, Tao Qu., published by De Gruyter

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2019-0053
Keywords for this article
Non-small cell lung cancer; CENPE; Oncomine
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BY-NC-ND 4.0

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  30. Research Article
  31. High expression B3GAT3 is related with poor prognosis of liver cancer
  32. Effects of light touch on balance in patients with stroke
  33. Oncoprotein LAMTOR5 activates GLUT1 via upregulating NF-κB in liver cancer
  34. Effects of budesonide combined with noninvasive ventilation on PCT, sTREM-1, chest lung compliance, humoral immune function and quality of life in patients with AECOPD complicated with type II respiratory failure
  35. Prognostic significance of lymph node ratio in ovarian cancer
  36. Case Report
  37. Brainstem anaesthesia after retrobulbar block
  38. Review Article
  39. Treating infertility: current affairs of cross-border reproductive care
  40. Research Article
  41. Serum inflammatory cytokines comparison in gastric cancer therapy
  42. Behavioural and psychological symptoms in neurocognitive disorders: Specific patterns in dementia subtypes
  43. MRI and bone scintigraphy for breast cancer bone metastase: a meta-analysis
  44. Comparative study of back propagation artificial neural networks and logistic regression model in predicting poor prognosis after acute ischemic stroke
  45. Analysis of the factors affecting the prognosis of glioma patients
  46. Compare fuhrman nuclear and chromophobe tumor grade on chromophobe RCC
  47. Case Report
  48. Signet ring B cell lymphoma: A potential diagnostic pitfall
  49. Research Article
  50. Subparaneural injection in popliteal sciatic nerve blocks evaluated by MRI
  51. Loneliness in the context of quality of life of nursing home residents
  52. Biological characteristics of cervical precancerous cell proliferation
  53. Effects of Rehabilitation in Bankart Lesion in Non-athletes: A report of three cases
  54. Management of complications of first instance of hepatic trauma in a liver surgery unit: Portal vein ligation as a conservative therapeutic strategy
  55. Matrix metalloproteinase 2 knockdown suppresses the proliferation of HepG2 and Huh7 cells and enhances the cisplatin effect
  56. Comparison of laparoscopy and open radical nephrectomy of renal cell cancer
  57. Case Report
  58. A severe complication of myocardial dysfunction post radiofrequency ablation treatment of huge hepatic hemangioma: a case report and literature review
  59. Solar urticaria, a disease with many dark sides: is omalizumab the right therapeutic response? Reflections from a clinical case report
  60. Research Article
  61. Binge eating disorder and related features in bariatric surgery candidates
  62. Propofol versus 4-hydroxybutyric acid in pediatric cardiac catheterizations
  63. Nasointestinal tube in mechanical ventilation patients is more advantageous
  64. The change of endotracheal tube cuff pressure during laparoscopic surgery
  65. Correlation between iPTH levels on the first postoperative day after total thyroidectomy and permanent hypoparathyroidism: our experience
  66. Case Report
  67. Primary angiosarcoma of the kidney: case report and comprehensive literature review
  68. Research Article
  69. miR-107 enhances the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to paclitaxel
  70. Incidental findings in dental radiology are concerning for family doctors
  71. Suffering from cerebral small vessel disease with and without metabolic syndrome
  72. A meta-analysis of robot assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy versus laparoscopic radical prostatectomy
  73. Indications and outcomes of splenectomy for hematological disorders
  74. Expression of CENPE and its prognostic role in non-small cell lung cancer
  75. Barbed suture and gastrointestinal surgery. A retrospective analysis
  76. Using post transplant 1 week Tc-99m DTPA renal scan as another method for predicting renal graft failure
  77. The pseudogene PTTG3P promotes cell migration and invasion in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
  78. Lymph node ratio versus TNM system as prognostic factor in colorectal cancer staging. A single Center experience
  79. Review Article
  80. Minimally invasive pilonidal sinus treatment: A narrative review
  81. Research Article
  82. Anatomical workspace study of Endonasal Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Approach
  83. Hounsfield Units on Lumbar Computed Tomography for Predicting Regional Bone Mineral Density
  84. Communication
  85. Aspirin, a potential GLUT1 inhibitor in a vascular endothelial cell line
  86. Research Article
  87. Osteopontin and fatty acid binding protein in ifosfamide-treated rats
  88. Familial polyposis coli: the management of desmoid tumor bleeding
  89. microRNA-27a-3p down-regulation inhibits malignant biological behaviors of ovarian cancer by targeting BTG1
  90. PYCR1 is associated with papillary renal cell carcinoma progression
  91. Prediction of recurrence-associated death from localized prostate cancer with a charlson comorbidity index–reinforced machine learning model
  92. Colorectal cancer in the elderly patient: the role of neo-adjuvant therapy
  93. Association between MTHFR genetic polymorphism and Parkinson’s disease susceptibility: a meta-analysis
  94. Metformin can alleviate the symptom of patient with diabetic nephropathy through reducing the serum level of Hcy and IL-33
  95. Case Report
  96. Severe craniofacial trauma after multiple pistol shots
  97. Research Article
  98. Echocardiography evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function in elderly women with metabolic syndrome
  99. Tailored surgery in inguinal hernia repair. The role of subarachnoid anesthesia: a retrospective study
  100. The factors affecting early death in newly diagnosed APL patients
  101. Review Article
  102. Oncological outcomes and quality of life after rectal cancer surgery
  103. Research Article
  104. MiR-638 repressed vascular smooth muscle cell glycolysis by targeting LDHA
  105. microRNA-16 via Twist1 inhibits EMT induced by PM2.5 exposure in human hepatocellular carcinoma
  106. Analyzing the semantic space of the Hippocratic Oath
  107. Fournier’s gangrene and intravenous drug abuse: an unusual case report and review of the literature
  108. Evaluation of surgical site infection in mini-invasive urological surgery
  109. Dihydromyricetin attenuates inflammation through TLR4/NF-kappaB pathway
  110. Clinico-pathological features of colon cancer patients undergoing emergency surgery: a comparison between elderly and non-elderly patients
  111. Case Report
  112. Appendix bleeding with painless bloody diarrhea: A case report and literature review
  113. Research Article
  114. Protective effects of specneuzhenide on renal injury in rats with diabetic nephropathy
  115. PBF, a proto-oncogene in esophageal carcinoma
  116. Use of rituximab in NHL malt type pregnant in I° trimester for two times
  117. Cancer- and non-cancer related chronic pain: from the physiopathological basics to management
  118. Case report
  119. Non-surgical removal of dens invaginatus in maxillary lateral incisor using CBCT: Two-year follow-up case report
  120. Research Article
  121. Risk factors and drug resistance of the MDR Acinetobacter baumannii in pneumonia patients in ICU
  122. Accuracy of tumor perfusion assessment in Rat C6 gliomas model with USPIO
  123. Lemann Index for Assessment of Crohn’s Disease: Correlation with the Quality of Life, Endoscopic Disease activity, Magnetic Resonance Index of Activity and C- Reactive Protein
  124. Case report
  125. Münchausen syndrome as an unusual cause of pseudo-resistant hypertension: a case report
  126. Research Article
  127. Renal artery embolization before radical nephrectomy for complex renal tumour: which are the true advantages?
  128. Prognostic significance of CD276 in non-small cell lung cancer
  129. Potential drug-drug interactions in acute ischemic stroke patients at the Neurological Intensive Care Unit
  130. Effect of vitamin D3 on lung damage induced by cigarette smoke in mice
  131. CircRNA-UCK2 increased TET1 inhibits proliferation and invasion of prostate cancer cells via sponge miRNA-767-5p
  132. Case report
  133. Partial hydatidiform mole and coexistent live fetus: a case report and review of the literature
  134. Research Article
  135. Effect of NGR1 on the atopic dermatitis model and its mechanisms
  136. Clinical features of infertile men carrying a chromosome 9 translocation
  137. Review Article
  138. Expression and role of microRNA-663b in childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia and its mechanism
  139. Case Report
  140. Mature cystic teratoma of the pancreas: A rare cystic neoplasm
  141. Research Article
  142. Application of exercised-based pre-rehabilitation in perioperative period of patients with gastric cancer
  143. Case Report
  144. Predictive factors of intestinal necrosis in acute mesenteric ischemia
  145. Research Article
  146. Application of exercised-based pre-rehabilitation in perioperative period of patients with gastric cancer
  147. Effects of dexmedetomidine on the RhoA /ROCK/ Nox4 signaling pathway in renal fibrosis of diabetic rats
  148. MicroRNA-181a-5p regulates inflammatory response of macrophages in sepsis
  149. Intraventricular pressure in non-communicating hydrocephalus patients before endoscopic third ventriculostomy
  150. CyclinD1 is a new target gene of tumor suppressor miR-520e in breast cancer
  151. CHL1 and NrCAM are primarily expressed in low grade pediatric neuroblastoma
  152. Epidemiological characteristics of postoperative sepsis
  153. Association between unstable angina and CXCL17: a new potential biomarker
  154. Cardiac strains as a tool for optimization of cardiac resynchronization therapy in non-responders: a pilot study
  155. Case Report
  156. Resuscitation following a bupivacaine injection for a cervical paravertebral block
  157. Research Article
  158. CGF treatment of leg ulcers: A randomized controlled trial
  159. Surgical versus sequential hybrid treatment of carotid body tumors
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