Intrahippocampal co-administration of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine prevents the H-89-induced spatial learning deficits in Morris water maze

Mahmoud Hashemzaei; Najmeh Baratzadeh; Iraj Shahramian; Sahar Fanoudi; Mehdi Sanati; Hanieh Rezaei; Jafar Shahraki; Ramin Rezaee; Maryam Belaran; Ali Bazi; Kaveh Tabrizian

doi:10.1515/jcim-2021-0035

Article

Intrahippocampal co-administration of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine prevents the H-89-induced spatial learning deficits in Morris water maze

Mahmoud Hashemzaei , Najmeh Baratzadeh , Iraj Shahramian , Sahar Fanoudi , Mehdi Sanati , Hanieh Rezaei , Jafar Shahraki , Ramin Rezaee , Maryam Belaran , Ali Bazi and Kaveh Tabrizian

Published/Copyright: May 10, 2021

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From the journal Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine Volume 19 Issue 3

Abstract

Objectives

H-89 (a protein kinase AII [PKA II] inhibitor) impairs the spatial memory in the Morris water maze task in rats. In the present study, we aimed to study the protective effects of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine against H-89-induced spatial memory deficits.

Methods

Spatial memory impairment was induced by the bilateral intrahippocampal administration of 10 µM H-89 (dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO) to rats. The rats then received bilateral administrations of either nicotine (1 μg/μL, dissolved in saline) or O-acetyl-L-carnitine (100 μM/side, dissolved in deionized water) alone and in combination. Control groups received either saline, deionized water, or DMSO.

Results

The H-89-treated animals showed significant increases in the time and distance travelled to find hidden platforms, and there was also a significant decrease in the time spent in the target quadrant compared to DMSO-treated animals. Nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine had no significant effects on H-89-induced spatial learning impairments alone, but the bilateral intrahippocampal co-administration of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine prevented H-89-induced spatial learning deficits and increased the time spent in the target quadrant in comparison with H-89-treated animals.

Conclusions

Our results indicated the potential synergistic effects of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine in preventing protein kinase AII inhibitor (H-89)-induced spatial learning impairments.

Keywords: acetylcarnitine; cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases; maze learning; memory; nicotine; spatial learning

Corresponding author: Kaveh Tabrizian, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran, Phone: +98 5432232161, Fax: +98 32232162, E-mail: k_tabrizian2005@yahoo.com

Funding source: Zabol University of Medical Sciences

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Research and Technology Deputy of Zabol University of Medical Sciencesgs.

Research funding: This research did not receive any fund from financial agencies.
Author contributions: Mahmoud Hashemzaei: Concept and design, Najmeh Baratzadeh: Data acquisition, Iraj Sharamian: Preparing the revised manuscript, Sahar Fanoudi: Data acquisition and analysis, Mehdi Sanati: Animal treatments, Hanieh Rezaei: Data analysis, Jafar Shahraki: Animal treatments, Ramin Rezaee: Study designs, Maryam Belaran: Animal treatments, Ali Bazi: Editing the manuscript, Kaveh Tabrizian: Drafting the manuscript, critically revising the manuscript, study design. All authors have accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
Conflict of interest: Authors have no conflict of interests.
Informed consent: Not applicable.
Ethical approval: The study has been approved by the ethics committee of Zabol University of Medical Sciences (IR.ZBMU.REC.1398.165).

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Received: 2021-01-22

Accepted: 2021-03-16

Published Online: 2021-05-10

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Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2021-0035

Keywords for this article

acetylcarnitine; cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases; maze learning; memory; nicotine; spatial learning