Home Technology Transformation of reverted austenite in a maraging steel under external loading: an in-situ X-ray diffraction study using high-energy synchrotron radiation
Article
Licensed
Unlicensed Requires Authentication

Transformation of reverted austenite in a maraging steel under external loading: an in-situ X-ray diffraction study using high-energy synchrotron radiation

  • Gerald A. Zickler , Ronald Schnitzer , Rainer Hochfellner , Thomas Lippmann , Silvia Zinner and Harald Leitner
Published/Copyright: June 11, 2013
Become an author with De Gruyter Brill
Submit Manuscript Author Information
International Journal of Materials Research
From the journal International Journal of Materials Research Volume 100 Issue 11

Abstract

Reverted austenite strongly influences the mechanical properties of maraging steels. Therefore, X-ray diffraction using high-energy synchrotron radiation was applied for in-situ studying of the reverse martensitic phase transformation under external load in a PH 13-8 Mo maraging steel. The volume fraction of austenite, the domain size of the crystallites, and the lattice parameters were determined as function of strain for differently aged samples. It is shown that the reverted austenite is not mechanically stable under external load. Scanning of the fractured sample along the axial direction shows that the volume fraction of the austenite and the domain sizes strongly depend on the distance from the point of fracture initiation.

Keywords: Maraging steel; Martensitic phase transformation; X-ray diffraction; Synchrotron radiation
* Correspondence address, Gerald A. Zickler Christian Doppler Laboratory for Early Stages of Precipitation Department of Physical Metallurgy and Materials Testing Montanuniversität Leoben Franz-Josef-Straße 18, A-8700 Leoben, Austria Tel.: +43 3842 402 4206 Fax: +43 3842 402 4202 E-mail:

References

[1] E.Scheil: Z. anorg. allg. Chem.207 (1932) 21.10.1002/zaac.19322070103Search in Google Scholar

[2] T.Angel: J. Iron Steel Inst.177 (1954) 165.Search in Google Scholar

[3] D.C.Ludwigson, J.A.Berger: J. Iron Steel Inst.207 (1969) 63.Search in Google Scholar

[4] G.B.Olson, M.Cohen: Metall. Trans. A6 (1975) 791.10.1007/BF02672301Search in Google Scholar

[5] A.Sato, Y.Sunaga, T.Mori: Acta Metall.25 (1977) 627.10.1016/0001-6160(77)90004-9Search in Google Scholar

[6] A.Sato, M.Kato, Y.Sunaga, T.Miyazaki, T.Mori: Acta Metall.28 (1980) 367.10.1016/0001-6160(80)90171-6Search in Google Scholar

[7] J.Talonen, P.Aspegren, H.Hänninen: Mater. Sci. Tech.20 (2004) 1506.10.1179/026708304X4367Search in Google Scholar

[8] M.Onyuna, H.Oettel, U.Martin, A.Weiß: Adv. Eng. Mater.6 (2004) 529.10.1002/adem.200400411Search in Google Scholar

[9] E.Nagy, V.Mertinger, F.Tranta, J.Sólyom: Mater. Sci. Eng. A378 (2004) 308.10.1016/j.msea.2003.11.074Search in Google Scholar

[10] H.S.Wang, J.R.Yang, H.K.D.H.Bhadeshia: Mater. Sci. Tech.21 (2005) 1323.10.1179/174328405X63980Search in Google Scholar

[11] H.Oettel, U.Martin: Int. J. Mat. Res. (formerly Z. Metallkd.)97 (2006) 1642.Search in Google Scholar

[12] A.K.De, J.G.Speer, D.K.Matlock, D.C.Murdock, M.C.Mataya, R.J.ComstockJr.: Metall. Mater. Trans. A37 (2006) 1875.10.1007/s11661-006-0130-ySearch in Google Scholar

[13] V.Mertinger, E.Nagy, F.Tranta, J.Sólyom: Mater. Sci. Eng. A481–482 (2008) 718.Search in Google Scholar

[14] V.F.Zackay, E.R.Parker, D.Fahr, R.Busch: ASM Trans. Q.60 (1967) 252.Search in Google Scholar

[15] O.Matsumura, Y.Sakuma, H.Takechi: Scripta Metall.21 (1987) 1301.10.1016/0036-9748(87)90103-7Search in Google Scholar

[16] A.Itami, M.Takahashi, K.Ushioda: ISIJ Int.35 (1995) 1121.10.2355/isijinternational.35.1121Search in Google Scholar

[17] E.Girault, A.Mertens, P.Jacques, Y.Houbaert, B.Verlinden, J.van Humbeeck: Scripta Mater.44 (2001) 885.10.1016/S1359-6462(00)00697-7Search in Google Scholar

[18] S.Kruijver, L.Zhao, J.Sietsma, E.Offerman, N.van Dijk, L.Margulies, E.Lauridsen, S.Grigull, H.Poulsen, S.van der Zwaag: Steel Res.73 (2002) 236.Search in Google Scholar

[19] S.van der Zwaag, L.Zhao, S.O.Kruijver, J.Sietsma: ISIJ Int.42 (2002) 1565.10.2355/isijinternational.42.1565Search in Google Scholar

[20] K.Hase, C.Garcia-Mateo, H.K.D.H.Bhadeshia: Mater. Sci. Tech.20 (2004) 1499.10.1179/026708304X6130Search in Google Scholar

[21] P.J.Jacques: Curr. Opin. Solid State Mater. Sci.8 (2004) 259.10.1016/j.cossms.2004.09.006Search in Google Scholar

[22] P.J.Jacques, Q.Furnémont, F.Lani, T.Pardoen, F.Delannay: Acta Mater.55 (2007) 3681.10.1016/j.actamat.2007.02.029Search in Google Scholar

[23] D.Liu, F.Fazeli, M.Militzer, W.J.Poole: Metall. Mater. Trans. A38 (2007) 894.10.1007/s11661-007-9116-7Search in Google Scholar

[24] S.Zaefferer, J.Ohlert, W.Bleck: Acta Mater.52 (2004) 2765.10.1016/j.actamat.2004.02.044Search in Google Scholar

[25] R.F.Decker, S.Floreen, in: R.K.Wilson (Ed.), Maraging Steels: Recent Developments and Applications, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Warrendale (PA) (1988) 1.Search in Google Scholar

[26] W.Sha, A.Cerezo, G.D.W.Smith: Metall. Trans. A24 (1993) 1221.10.1007/BF02668190Search in Google Scholar

[27] J.-M.Cloué, B.Viguier, E.Andrieu: Metall. Mater. Trans. A36 (2005) 2633.10.1007/s11661-005-0261-6Search in Google Scholar

[28] D.H.Ping, M.Ohnuma, Y.Hirakawa, Y.Kadoya, K.Hono: Mater. Sci. Eng. A394 (2005) 285.10.1016/j.msea.2004.12.002Search in Google Scholar

[29] X.Li, Z.Yin: Mater. Lett.24 (1995) 239.10.1016/0167-577X(95)00109-3Search in Google Scholar

[30] U.K.Viswanathan, G.K.Dey, V.Sethumadhavan: Mater. Sci. Eng. A398 (2005) 367.10.1016/j.msea.2005.03.074Search in Google Scholar

[31] H.Nakagawa, T.Miyazaki: J. Mater. Sci.34 (1999) 3901.10.1023/A:1004626907367Search in Google Scholar

[32] Y.Katz, H.Mathias, S.Nadiv: Metall. Trans. A14 (1983) 801.10.1007/BF02644283Search in Google Scholar

[33] D.H.Sherman, S.M.Cross, S.Kim, F.Grandjean, G.J.Long, M.K.Miller: Metall. Mater. Trans A38 (2007) 1698.10.1007/s11661-007-9160-3Search in Google Scholar

[34] M.J.van Genderen, M.Isac, A.Böttger, E.J.Mittemeijer: Metall. Mater. Trans. A28 (1997) 545.10.1007/s11661-997-0042-5Search in Google Scholar

[35] M.J.Dickson: J. Appl. Cryst.2 (1969) 176.10.1107/S0021889869006881Search in Google Scholar

[36] Y.V.Taran, M.R.Daymond, D.Eifler, J.Schreiber: Appl. Phys. A74 (2002) S1391.10.1007/s003390201400Search in Google Scholar

[37] K.-D.Liss, A.Bartels, A.Schreyer, H.Clemens: Texture Microstruct.35 (2003) 219.10.1080/07303300310001634952Search in Google Scholar

[38] S.E.Offerman, N.H.van Dijk, J.Sietsma, S.Grigull, E.M.Lauridsen, L.Margulies, H.F.Poulsen, M.T.Rekveldt, S.van der Zwaag: Science298 (2002) 1003. PMid:12411699;10.1126/science.1076681Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[39] A.Pyzalla, B.Camin, T.Buslaps, M.Di Michiel, H.Kaminski, A.Kottar, A.Pernack, W.Reimers: Science308 (2005) 92. PMid:15802600;10.1126/science.1106778Search in Google Scholar PubMed

[40] S.D.Choi, H.S.Kim, J.H.He, S.H.Park: J. Mater. Sci. Lett.21 (2002) 353.10.1023/A:1014990714332Search in Google Scholar

[41] N.H.van Dijk, A.M.Butt, L.Zhao, J.Sietsma, S.E.Offerman, J.P.Wright, S.van der Zwaag: Acta Mater.53 (2005) 5439.10.1016/j.actamat.2005.08.017Search in Google Scholar

[42] E.Jimenez-Melero, N.H.van Dijk, L.Zhao, J.Sietsma, S.E.Offerman, J.P.Wright, S.van der Zwaag: Acta Mater.55 (2007) 6713.10.1016/j.actamat.2007.08.040Search in Google Scholar

[43] P.Hedström, U.Lienert, J.Almer, M.Odén: Scripta Mater.56 (2007) 213.10.1016/j.scriptamat.2006.10.009Search in Google Scholar

[44] P.Hedström, U.Lienert, J.Almer, M.Odén: Mater. Lett.62 (2008) 338.10.1016/j.matlet.2007.05.054Search in Google Scholar

[45] T.Lippmann, L.Lottermoser, F.Beckmann, R.V.Martins, T.Dose, R.Kirchhof, A.Schreyer, in: W.Caliebe, W.Drube, K.Rickers, J.R.Schneider (Eds.) HASYLAB Annual Report, HASYLAB/DESY, Hamburg (2007) 113.Search in Google Scholar

[46] A.P.Hammersley, S.O.Svensson, M.Hanfland, A.N.Fitch, D.Häuserman: High Press. Res.14 (1996) 235.10.1080/08957959608201408Search in Google Scholar

[47] J.A.Ibers, W.C.Hamilton (Eds.): International Tables for X-ray Crystallography, Vol. IV, Kynoch Press, Birmingham, (1974).Search in Google Scholar

[48] T.H.de Keijser, E.J.Mittemeijer, H.C.F.Rozendaal: J. Appl. Cryst.16 (1983) 309.10.1107/S0021889883010493Search in Google Scholar

[49] J.I.Langford, A.J.C.Wilson: J. Appl. Cryst.11 (1978) 102.10.1107/S0021889878012844Search in Google Scholar

Received: 2008-6-24
Accepted: 2009-2-25
Published Online: 2013-06-11
Published in Print: 2009-11-01

© 2009, Carl Hanser Verlag, München

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents
  2. Contents
  3. Editorial
  4. Multiscale materials simulation: the maturing of a scientific concept
  5. Feature
  6. Atomistic modelling of materials with bond-order potentials
  7. Interstitial impurities at grain boundaries in metals: insight from atomistic calculations
  8. Multiscale modeling of polymers at interfaces
  9. Coupling atomistic accuracy with continuum effectivity for predictive simulations in materials research – the Quasicontinuum Method
  10. Basic
  11. Relative effects of Mo and B on ferrite and bainite kinetics in strong steels
  12. Experimental study of phase relations in the ZrO2–La2O3–Y2O3 system
  13. Surface tension of liquid Al–Cu binary alloys
  14. Microstructure of Ti-6Al-4V specimens produced by shaped metal deposition
  15. A mesoscopic grain boundary sliding controlled flow model for superplasticity in intermetallics
  16. Molten salt synthesis and phase evolution of Ba(Cd1/3Nb2/3)O3
  17. Applied
  18. Microstructure and properties of violin strings made of metastable austenitic steel
  19. Transformation of reverted austenite in a maraging steel under external loading: an in-situ X-ray diffraction study using high-energy synchrotron radiation
  20. Effect of heat treatment on the strain hardening behaviour of an Al–Zn–Mg alloy
  21. Ball milling as a possible means to produce zinc based coatings
  22. Size difference effects on the bulk, and surface properties of Bi–Zn, Cu–Pb, K–Pb and K–Tl liquid alloys
  23. Microstructure and mechanical properties of NiAl–Cr(Mo)–Hf/Ho near-eutectic alloy prepared by suction casting
  24. Investigation of fatigue fracture of generator-rotor fan blades
  25. Notifications
  26. Personal
https://doi.org/10.3139/146.110219
Keywords for this article
Maraging steel; Martensitic phase transformation; X-ray diffraction; Synchrotron radiation

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents
  2. Contents
  3. Editorial
  4. Multiscale materials simulation: the maturing of a scientific concept
  5. Feature
  6. Atomistic modelling of materials with bond-order potentials
  7. Interstitial impurities at grain boundaries in metals: insight from atomistic calculations
  8. Multiscale modeling of polymers at interfaces
  9. Coupling atomistic accuracy with continuum effectivity for predictive simulations in materials research – the Quasicontinuum Method
  10. Basic
  11. Relative effects of Mo and B on ferrite and bainite kinetics in strong steels
  12. Experimental study of phase relations in the ZrO2–La2O3–Y2O3 system
  13. Surface tension of liquid Al–Cu binary alloys
  14. Microstructure of Ti-6Al-4V specimens produced by shaped metal deposition
  15. A mesoscopic grain boundary sliding controlled flow model for superplasticity in intermetallics
  16. Molten salt synthesis and phase evolution of Ba(Cd1/3Nb2/3)O3
  17. Applied
  18. Microstructure and properties of violin strings made of metastable austenitic steel
  19. Transformation of reverted austenite in a maraging steel under external loading: an in-situ X-ray diffraction study using high-energy synchrotron radiation
  20. Effect of heat treatment on the strain hardening behaviour of an Al–Zn–Mg alloy
  21. Ball milling as a possible means to produce zinc based coatings
  22. Size difference effects on the bulk, and surface properties of Bi–Zn, Cu–Pb, K–Pb and K–Tl liquid alloys
  23. Microstructure and mechanical properties of NiAl–Cr(Mo)–Hf/Ho near-eutectic alloy prepared by suction casting
  24. Investigation of fatigue fracture of generator-rotor fan blades
  25. Notifications
  26. Personal
Sign up now to receive a 20% welcome discount
Institutional Access
How does access work?
Have an idea on how to improve our website?
Please write us.
© 2026 De Gruyter Brill
Downloaded on 1.1.2026 from https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.3139/146.110219/html
Scroll to top button