Evaporation mechanism of aluminum during electron beam cold hearth melting of Ti64 alloy
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Yingming Zhang
Abstract
Using the Langmuir equation and penetration theory, the evaporation process of Al during the electron beam cold hearth melting of Ti64 alloy under steady state conditions was calculated and the evaporation mechanism was analyzed. The calculation results show that it is necessary to consider both the evaporation step at the liquid/gas surface and the diffusion step in the molten pool during calculation. Comparison of the mass transfer coefficient of the evaporation step and the diffusion step shows that the Al evaporation process is a double controlled process. The Al concentration at the interface decreases from 260 kg m– 3 to 140 kg m– 3, and the evaporation rate increases rapidly from 0.001 kg m– 2 s– 1 to 0.012 kg m– 2 s– 1 when the temperature increases from 1950 K to 2300 K. To control the evaporation loss of Al, surface temperature should be controlled during the electron beam melting of Ti64 alloy.
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© 2009, Carl Hanser Verlag, München
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Contents
- Contents
- Feature
- Materials constitution and computational thermodynamics in the context of 100 years of IJMR – Zeitschrift für Metallkunde
- Upgrading CALPHAD to microstructure simulation: the phase-field method
- Prediction, determination and validation of phase diagrams via the global study of energy landscapes
- Alloy development using modern tools
- Phase equilibria and thermal analysis in the Fe–Mn–Ni system
- Integrated approach to thermodynamics, phase relations, liquid densities and solidification microstructures in the Al–Bi–Cu system
- Formation of clathrates Ba–M–Ge(M = Mn, Fe, Co)
- New paradigm of a metastable phase diagram presenting structural transformations induced by annealing of Si–C–N amorphous ceramics derived from polymer precursors
- Basic
- Thermodynamic assessment of the Ce–Si, Y–Si, Mg–Ce–Si and Mg–Y–Si systems
- Thermodynamic re-assessment of the Ti–Al–Nb system
- Effect of varying oxygen partial pressure on the properties of reactively evaporated zinc aluminate thin films
- Applied
- Matrix induced synthesis of Y3Al5O12: Ce phosphor through the Pechini method
- Microstructure and room temperature compressive properties of holmium doped DS NiAl-Cr(Mo)-Hf eutectic alloy
- Evaporation mechanism of aluminum during electron beam cold hearth melting of Ti64 alloy
- 560°C isothermal section of the Zn–Fe–Ni–Si quaternary system at the zinc-rich corner
- DGM News
- Personal
Artikel in diesem Heft
- Contents
- Contents
- Feature
- Materials constitution and computational thermodynamics in the context of 100 years of IJMR – Zeitschrift für Metallkunde
- Upgrading CALPHAD to microstructure simulation: the phase-field method
- Prediction, determination and validation of phase diagrams via the global study of energy landscapes
- Alloy development using modern tools
- Phase equilibria and thermal analysis in the Fe–Mn–Ni system
- Integrated approach to thermodynamics, phase relations, liquid densities and solidification microstructures in the Al–Bi–Cu system
- Formation of clathrates Ba–M–Ge(M = Mn, Fe, Co)
- New paradigm of a metastable phase diagram presenting structural transformations induced by annealing of Si–C–N amorphous ceramics derived from polymer precursors
- Basic
- Thermodynamic assessment of the Ce–Si, Y–Si, Mg–Ce–Si and Mg–Y–Si systems
- Thermodynamic re-assessment of the Ti–Al–Nb system
- Effect of varying oxygen partial pressure on the properties of reactively evaporated zinc aluminate thin films
- Applied
- Matrix induced synthesis of Y3Al5O12: Ce phosphor through the Pechini method
- Microstructure and room temperature compressive properties of holmium doped DS NiAl-Cr(Mo)-Hf eutectic alloy
- Evaporation mechanism of aluminum during electron beam cold hearth melting of Ti64 alloy
- 560°C isothermal section of the Zn–Fe–Ni–Si quaternary system at the zinc-rich corner
- DGM News
- Personal
