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Synthesis and Properties of Novel Catanionic Surfactant Phosphonium Benzene Sulfonate

  • Shengfu Duan , Yajie Jiang , Tao Geng , Hongbin Ju and Yakui Wang
Published/Copyright: November 13, 2019
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Tenside Surfactants Detergents
From the journal Tenside Surfactants Detergents Volume 56 Issue 6

Abstract

A new type of catanionic surfactant phosphonium benzene sulfonate was synthesized by quaternization of triphenyl phosphine with dimethyl carbonate and followed by anion exchange with alkyl benzene sulfonic acid. The molecular structure was characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 31P-NMR. The thermal stability of phosphonium benzene sulfonate was evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Its surface properties were studied systematically through equilibrium surface tension, electrical conductivity, and dynamic surface tension measurements. The wettability, foam properties, and emulsification of phosphonium benzene sulfonate were estimated in this paper. TGA results revealed that it has an excellent thermostability and could be used below 350 °C. Equilibrium surface tension results indicated that it has a low critical micelle concentration (CMC, about 0.10 mmol/L), lower than that of ammonium benzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate. Furthermore, the micellization of phosphonium benzene sulfonate in aqueous solution is an entropy-driven spontaneous process. The adsorption process of phosphonium benzenesulfonate at the air-liquid interface is controlled by hybrid kinetic adsorption. Moreover, it has excellent wetting and emulsifying properties and low foam properties.

Kurzfassung

Ein neues katanionisches Tensid, Phosphoniumbenzensulfonat, wurde durch Quaternisierung von Triphenylphosphin mit Dimethylcarbonat und anschließendem Anionenaustausch mit Alkylbenzensulfonsäure synthetisiert. Die Molekülstruktur wurde durch FT-IR, 1H-NMR und 31P-NMR charakterisiert. Die thermische Stabilität von Phosphoniumbenzensulfonat wurde mittels thermogravimetrischer Analyse (TGA) ermittelt. Die Oberflächeneigenschaften des Tensids wurden systematisch durch Messungen der Gleichgewichts-Oberflächenspannung, der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit und der dynamischen Oberflächenspannung untersucht. Ebenso wurden die Benetzbarkeit, die Schaumeigenschaften und die Emulgierung von Phosphoniumbenzensulfonat bestimmt. Die TGA-Messung ergab, dass das Tensid eine ausgezeichnete Thermostabilität aufweist und unterhalb von 350 °C verwendet werden kann. Die Messungen der Gleichgewichtsoberflächenspannung zeigten, dass das Tensid eine kritische Mizellenbildungskonzentration ((CMC) von etwa 0,10 mmol/L) aufweist, die niedriger ist als die von Ammoniumbenzensulfonat und Natriumdodecylbenzensulfonat. Darüber hinaus ist die Mizellenbildung von Phosphoniumbenzensulfonat in wässriger Lösung ein spontaner, entropiegetriebener Prozess. Die Adsorption von Phosphoniumbenzensulfonat an der Luft-Flüssigkeits-Grenzfläche wird durch kinetische Hybridadsorption gesteuert. Darüber hinaus weist das Tensid ausgezeichnete Benetzungs- und Emulgiereigenschaften und geringe Schaumeigenschaften auf.

Key words: Catanionic surfactants; phosphonium benzene sulfonate; wettability; emulsification; foam properties
Stichwörter: Katanionische Tenside; Phosphoniumbenzensulfonat; Benetzbarkeit; Emulgierung; Schaumeigenschaften
∗Correspondence address, Prof. Tao Geng, China Research Institute of Daily Chemical Industry, 34 Wenyuan Street, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi Province, P. R. China, Tel.: +86-3 51-4 07 74 27, Fax: +86-3 51-4 04 08 02, E-Mail:

Shengfu Duan is a postgraduate student at the China Research Institute of the Daily Chemical Industry. His main research field is the synthesis and application of novel phosphonium-based ionic liquid surfactants.

Yajie Jiang is a senior engineer at the China Research Institute of the Daily Chemical Industry. Her research interests in the synthesis and application of novel quaternary ammonium salts with organic counterions.

Tao Geng is a professor at the China Research Institute of the Daily Chemical Industry. His main research field is the synthesis and application of novel quaternary ammonium salts, quaternary phosphonium salts and amino acid surfactants.

Hongbin Ju is an engineer at the China Research Institute of the Daily Chemical Industry. His main research interest is the synthesis of quaternary ammonium salts and their application in antibacterial and oil fields.

Yakui Wang is an engineer at the China Research Institute of the Daily Chemical Industry. His main research field is the synthesis of novel quaternary ammonium salts with organic counterions.

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Received: 2018-12-10
Accepted: 2019-02-03
Published Online: 2019-11-13
Published in Print: 2019-11-15

© 2019, Carl Hanser Publisher, Munich

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https://doi.org/10.3139/113.110651
Keywords for this article
Catanionic surfactants; phosphonium benzene sulfonate; wettability; emulsification; foam properties

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Contents/Inhalt
  2. Contents
  3. Dish Washing
  4. Potential of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to Evaluate the Cleaning Performance of Dishwashing Processes
  5. Socio-demographic Differences in Washing-up Behaviour in Germany
  6. Physical Chemistry
  7. Dynamic Surface Properties of Eco-Friendly Cationic Saccharide Surfactants at the Water/Air Interface
  8. Dependence of Surface Tension on Surface Concentration in Ionic Surfactant Solutions and Influences of Supporting Electrolyte Therein
  9. Solubilization and Thermodynamic Attributes of Nickel Phenanthroline Complex in Micellar Media of Sodium 2-Ethyl Hexyl Sulfate and Sodium Bis(2-ethyl hexyl) Sulfosuccinate
  10. Novel Surfactants
  11. Synthesis and Properties of Novel Catanionic Surfactant Phosphonium Benzene Sulfonate
  12. A Micellar-Enhanced Spectrofluorimetric Method for the Determination of Ciprofloxacin in Pure Form, Pharmaceutical Preparations and Biological Samples
  13. Micellar Catalysis
  14. A Review on Micellar Catalyzed Oxidation Reactions of Organic Functional Groups in Aqueous Medium Using Various Transition Metals
  15. Application
  16. Application of Oxidative Fatty Acid Esters in Amino Acid Surfactants
  17. Environmental Chemistry
  18. Adsorptive Removal of Cetyltrimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) Surfactant from Aqueous Solution: Crossbreed Pilot Plant Membrane Studies
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