Preparation and microstructural examination of additively manufactured alloys 316L and 17-4PH
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A. Triebe
Adrian Triebe completed his masters-degree in materials physics at the Georg-August university in Göttingen in collaboration with the Fraunhofer Wilhelm-Klauditz-Institut. Following that he started his doctorate at the Arbeitsgruppe Werkstoffprüfung (AWP) at the Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU) and is currently investigating hybrid porose Materials for additive manufacturing.
,
A. Hebestreit
Anja Hebestreit She trained as a physics laboratory technician at BASF SE and worked there with SEM and TEM for 12 years. After a family phase, she started working as a metallographer in the materials testing group in 2016.
Abstract
Several samples made of the stainless steels AISI 316L and 17-4PH (equivalent to AISI 630) in different compositions were investigated as part of the Collaborative Research Center/Transregio (TRR) 375 on Multifunctional High-Performance Components made of hybrid porous materials (HyPo).
The samples were manufactured under the subproject B01 at the Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Production Systems (Fertigungstechnik und Betriebsorganisation, FBK) by laser metal deposition. Individual blocks consisting of four welding layers which are, in turn, composed of eight printed tracks, respectively, were built using different powder compositions. The powder mixture was gradually varied from 100 % 316L to 100 % 17-4PH.
This contribution addresses the specifics of visualizing the microstructure of samples with different material compositions. One challenge lies in selecting the appropriate etchants for the samples made of mixed powders. For the investigations, the samples were embedded as longitudinal and transverse sections. Various etching solutions were then tested to visualize the microstructure. The results of the etching experiments and the light micrographs are presented and interpreted based on the findings of energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses in the scanning electron microscope. They can be used to derive strategies for adjusting the microstructure of graded samples which may serve in the future to obtain specific properties.
Kurzfassung
Im Rahmen des Sonderforschungsbereichs / Transregio (TRR) 375 zu Multifunktionalen Hochleistungskomponenten aus hybriden porösen Werkstoffen (HyPo) wurden mehrere aus den rostfreien Stählen AISI 316L und 17-4PH (entspricht AISI 630) verschieden zusammengesetzte Proben untersucht.
Die Proben wurden in dem Teilprojekt B01 am Lehrstuhl für Fertigungstechnik und Betriebsorganisation (FBK) mittels Laserauftragsschweißen hergestellt. Dabei wurden einzelne Blöcke aus vier Schweißlagen mit je acht Bahnen gedruckt, bei denen jeweils unterschiedliche Pulverzusammensetzungen verwendet wurden. Die Pulvermischung wurde dazu von 100 % 316L schrittweise bis 100 % 17-4PH variiert.
Im Beitrag wird auf die Besonderheiten bei der Sichtbarmachung des Gefüges der Proben mit unterschiedlicher Materialzusammensetzung eingegangen. Dabei besteht eine Herausforderung in der Auswahl der passenden Ätzmittel für die Proben aus gemischten Pulvern. Für die Untersuchungen wurden die Proben als Längs- und Querschliffe eingebettet. Anschließend wurden verschiedene Ätzlösungen zur Sichtbarmachung des Gefüges getestet. Die Ergebnisse der Ätzversuche und der lichtmikroskopisch aufgenommenen Gefügebilder werden vorgestellt und mithilfe der Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen mit energiedispersiver Röntgenstrahlung (EDX) im Rasterelektronenmikroskop interpretiert. So lassen sich Strategien für gradierte Proben zur gezielten Gefügeeinstellung ableiten, welche in Zukunft zur Erreichung spezifischer Eigenschaften genutzt werden können.
About the authors
Adrian Triebe completed his masters-degree in materials physics at the Georg-August university in Göttingen in collaboration with the Fraunhofer Wilhelm-Klauditz-Institut. Following that he started his doctorate at the Arbeitsgruppe Werkstoffprüfung (AWP) at the Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU) and is currently investigating hybrid porose Materials for additive manufacturing.
Anja Hebestreit She trained as a physics laboratory technician at BASF SE and worked there with SEM and TEM for 12 years. After a family phase, she started working as a metallographer in the materials testing group in 2016.
6 Acknowledgement
Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – Project-ID 511263698 – TRR 375
6 Danksagung
Gefördert durch die Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) – Projektnummer 511263698 – TRR 375
References / Literatur
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Articles in the same Issue
- Contents
- Editorial
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- A roll-headed pin from Getzersdorf, Austria, opens up interesting questions about iron metallurgy in the Hallstatt period
- Magneto-optical Kerr effect analysis of strain-induced martensite formation during flow forming of metastable austenitic steel AISI 304L
- Materials scientific challenges of a circular economy of high-alloy tool steels
- Cavitation-induced damage on a ship propeller’s Kort nozzle made of AISI 316L and investigation of the near-surface microstructural changes
- Preparation of aluminum thin films and laminates
- Preparation and microstructural examination of additively manufactured alloys 316L and 17-4PH
- Results of a round robin test on grain boundary determination by image analysis in the DGM working group ‘Quantitative Structural Analysis’
- Deep learning-based precipitate quantification in STEM images of complex steel microstructures
- A bronze fibula foot from the Roman Carnuntum, Lower Austria
- Optimization of preparation methods for EBSD analysis of highly metastable austenitic steels
- Picture of the Month
- Picture of the Month
- People
- Interview with Gaby Ketzer-Raichle on the occasion of the new edition of “Schumann Metallography”, published by Heinrich Oettel and Gaby Ketzer-Raichle
- News
- News
- Meeting Diary
- Meeting Diary
Articles in the same Issue
- Contents
- Editorial
- Editorial
- Evaluation of damage mechanisms in full-forward rod extruded AISI 5115 steel by AI-based image segmentation
- A roll-headed pin from Getzersdorf, Austria, opens up interesting questions about iron metallurgy in the Hallstatt period
- Magneto-optical Kerr effect analysis of strain-induced martensite formation during flow forming of metastable austenitic steel AISI 304L
- Materials scientific challenges of a circular economy of high-alloy tool steels
- Cavitation-induced damage on a ship propeller’s Kort nozzle made of AISI 316L and investigation of the near-surface microstructural changes
- Preparation of aluminum thin films and laminates
- Preparation and microstructural examination of additively manufactured alloys 316L and 17-4PH
- Results of a round robin test on grain boundary determination by image analysis in the DGM working group ‘Quantitative Structural Analysis’
- Deep learning-based precipitate quantification in STEM images of complex steel microstructures
- A bronze fibula foot from the Roman Carnuntum, Lower Austria
- Optimization of preparation methods for EBSD analysis of highly metastable austenitic steels
- Picture of the Month
- Picture of the Month
- People
- Interview with Gaby Ketzer-Raichle on the occasion of the new edition of “Schumann Metallography”, published by Heinrich Oettel and Gaby Ketzer-Raichle
- News
- News
- Meeting Diary
- Meeting Diary
