Boldine: a narrative review of the bioactive compound with versatile biological and pharmacological potential
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Deepak Lamba
,
Durgesh Kumar Dwivedi
,
Monu Yadav
and
Sanjaya Kumar YR
Abstract
Objective
Boldine is a plant-derived bioactive compound that has a beneficial impact on human health. Boldine is an aporphine alkaloid mainly obtained from the leaves and bark of the Chilean Boldo tree (Peumus boldus, Family: Monimiaceae). There are plenty of preclinical evidence supports that boldine exerts its beneficial effects against various diseases. Lumiskin™, a patented and marketed formulation by Revitol Skincare for skin brightening, contains Dicetyl boldine, a boldine derivative.
Content
All the available information on the Chilean boldo tree (P. boldus Molina) species was actualized by systematically searching the scientific databases (PubMed, SciFinder, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus and others) and scientific literature. This article covers the recent advances in pharmacokinetic, toxicological, pharmacological/biological activities, and molecular mechanisms of the bioactive compound to understand health benefits of boldine better.
Summary
Boldine exerts antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-diabetic, analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, anti-epileptic, neuroprotective, nephroprotective, anti-arthritis, anticancer and nootropic effects. Moreover, boldine exhibits its various pharmacological activities by altering antioxidant parameters (MDA, superoxide dismutase, glutathione), peroxynitrite, inflammatory markers apoptotic index, caspase-3, acetyl-cholinesterase, myeloperoxidase, TNF-α (Tumor necrosis factor-α), iNOS, Bcl-2-associated X protein (BAX), ACE-1(Angiotensin-converting enzyme-1), dopamine D2 receptors and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Boldine has the potential to modulate a variety of biological networks.
Outlook
Due to its versatile pharmacological effects reported in various experimental animals as well as in randomized clinical trials for the treatment of facial melasma and for treatment of urinary stone lithotripsy in children as a complementary phytotherapy; in the future, this compound might be developed as a novel drug for a different indication
Acknowledgments
The encouragement of Director General CCRAS, New Delhi, Director General, CCRUM, New Delhi, Deputy Director General, CCRAS, New Delhi, and Deputy Director General, CCRUM, New Delhi, is sincerely acknowledged.
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Research ethics: Not applicable.
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Informed consent: Not applicable.
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Author contributions: Deepak Lamba, Durgesh Kumar Dwivedi, Monu Yadav and Sanjay Kumar YR searched the literature and drafted, edited and reviewed the manuscript. Further, The author(s) have (has) accepted responsibility for the entire content of this manuscript and approved its submission.
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Competing interests: The authors states no conflict of interest.
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Research funding: None declared.
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Data availability: Not applicable.
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© 2024 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Reviews
- Boldine: a narrative review of the bioactive compound with versatile biological and pharmacological potential
- Potential anti-cancer activity of Moringa oleifera derived bio-active compounds targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha in breast cancer
- Research Articles
- Phytochemical characterisation and toxicity effect of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemls.) A. Gray leaf extract on fall army worm Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) larvae
- Management of wounds in diabetes by administering allicin and quercetin in emulsion form as wound medicine in diabetic rat models
- Evaluation of anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of solvent fraction of the roots of Echinops kebericho Mesfin (Asteraceae) in mice model
- A spectrometric analysis of variedly purified cinnabar in a siddha drug – linga chendhooram
- Palm oil amends serum female hormones, ovarian antioxidants, inflammatory markers, and DNA fragmentation in favism-induced female rats
- Brazil nuts potential: effects on lipid peroxidation and heart health in nephrectomized rats
- Preclinical antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of Erythrophleum africanum (benth.) harms in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy
- Pharmacognostical characterization, GC-MS profiling, and elemental analysis of Curcuma caesia Roxb. rhizomes for public health
- Antibacterial activity of Macrosciadium alatum (M.Bieb.) plant extract
- Effect of horticultural therapy on static, dynamic balance and gait speed among institutionalized older adults with cognitive impairment
- Anti-hyperlipidemic effects of 500 mg spilanthol (SA3X) supplementation in people with dyslipidemia – a randomized, parallel-group placebo-controlled trial
- Potential biomarkers of ASD a target for future treatments: oxidative stress, chemokines, apoptotic, and methylation capacity
- Therapeutic ayurvedic interventions for the management of rheumatoid arthritis complicated by adhesive capsulitis – a case report
Articles in the same Issue
- Frontmatter
- Reviews
- Boldine: a narrative review of the bioactive compound with versatile biological and pharmacological potential
- Potential anti-cancer activity of Moringa oleifera derived bio-active compounds targeting hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha in breast cancer
- Research Articles
- Phytochemical characterisation and toxicity effect of Tithonia diversifolia (Hemls.) A. Gray leaf extract on fall army worm Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) larvae
- Management of wounds in diabetes by administering allicin and quercetin in emulsion form as wound medicine in diabetic rat models
- Evaluation of anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of solvent fraction of the roots of Echinops kebericho Mesfin (Asteraceae) in mice model
- A spectrometric analysis of variedly purified cinnabar in a siddha drug – linga chendhooram
- Palm oil amends serum female hormones, ovarian antioxidants, inflammatory markers, and DNA fragmentation in favism-induced female rats
- Brazil nuts potential: effects on lipid peroxidation and heart health in nephrectomized rats
- Preclinical antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of Erythrophleum africanum (benth.) harms in streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy
- Pharmacognostical characterization, GC-MS profiling, and elemental analysis of Curcuma caesia Roxb. rhizomes for public health
- Antibacterial activity of Macrosciadium alatum (M.Bieb.) plant extract
- Effect of horticultural therapy on static, dynamic balance and gait speed among institutionalized older adults with cognitive impairment
- Anti-hyperlipidemic effects of 500 mg spilanthol (SA3X) supplementation in people with dyslipidemia – a randomized, parallel-group placebo-controlled trial
- Potential biomarkers of ASD a target for future treatments: oxidative stress, chemokines, apoptotic, and methylation capacity
- Therapeutic ayurvedic interventions for the management of rheumatoid arthritis complicated by adhesive capsulitis – a case report
