Startseite Psychobiotic interventions attenuate chronic alcohol use-mediated exacerbation of posttraumatic stress disorder in rats: the role of gut-liver axis response
Artikel
Lizenziert
Nicht lizenziert Erfordert eine Authentifizierung

Psychobiotic interventions attenuate chronic alcohol use-mediated exacerbation of posttraumatic stress disorder in rats: the role of gut-liver axis response

  • Elizabeth T. Akinluyi EMAIL logo , Edem E. Edem , Kelvin M. Dakoru , Chinaza J. Nnodim , Michael A. Oladipupo , Olusegun A. Adeoluwa , Abiola O. Obisesan , Benneth Ben-Azu und Olusegun G. Adebayo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 21. Dezember 2022
Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine
Aus der Zeitschrift Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine Band 20 Heft 1

Abstract

Objectives

The incidence of co-occurring alcohol-use disorder (AUD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is high, and the presence of one disorder aggravates the severity of the other. Emerging evidence shows the neuroprotective and anti-inflammation functions of psychobiotics. Hence, the study explored the effects of probiotics and synbiotic inulin on the gut- and liver-oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers in chronic alcohol exacerbation of PTSD symptoms in rats.

Methods

Young adult rats were administered 10% ethanol in a two-bottle choice test for six weeks and were subjected to single prolonged stress. Probiotics and synbiotic intervention followed this. Markers of oxido-inflammatory stress, liver functions, intestinal (faecal) metabolites, occludin expression, and histopathology of the ileum and liver were evaluated.

Results

Chronic alcohol drinking and PTSD increased oxido-inflammatory stress, markers of hepatic damage, and reduced faecal metabolites, which were attenuated by probiotic and synbiotic interventions. Furthermore, reduced immunoexpression of gut and liver occludin, with loss of barrier integrity, viable hepatocytes, congestive portal area, and shortened villi and crypt depth, were observed. Probiotic and synbiotic interventions mitigated these effects.

Conclusions

The study demonstrates that psychobiotics mitigate the detrimental effects of co-occurring chronic alcohol intake in the context of PTSD.

Keywords: alcohol-use disorder; gut-liver axis; oxidative stress; post-traumatic stress disorder; probiotics; synbiotic
Corresponding author: Elizabeth T. Akinluyi, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ado- Ekiti, Nigeria, E-mail:
Kelvin M. Dakoru, Chinaza J. Nnodim, and Michael A. Oladipupo contributed equally to this work.

Acknowledgments

The authors wish to acknowledge the technical staff of the Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Afe Babalola University, for their technical support.

  1. Research funding: The authors received no external funds for the research and publication of this article.

  2. Author contributions: Elizabeth T. Akinluyi: Conceptu-alization, Methodology, Supervision, Writing-Review & editing. Edem E. Edem: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing-review & editing. Kelvin M. Dakoru, Chinaza J. Nnodim, and Michael A. Oladipupo: Investigation, Resources. Olusegun A. Adeoluwa: Methodology, Super-vision, Resources, Review. Abiola O. Obisesan: Resources, Supervision. Benneth Ben-Azu: Writing-Review and editing. Olusegun G. Adebayo: Writing-Original draft preparation.

  3. Competing interests: The authors state no conflict of interest.

  4. Informed consent: Not applicable.

  5. Ethical approval: The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Afe Babalola University AB/EC/21/03/002.

References

1. Reus, VI, Fochtmann, LJ, Bukstein, O, Eyler, AE, Hilty, DM, Horvitz-Lennon, M, et al.. The American Psychiatric Association practice guideline for the pharmacological treatment of patients with alcohol use disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2018;175:86–90. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.1750101.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

2. Blanco, C, Xu, Y, Brady, K, Pérez-Fuentes, G, Okuda, M, Wang, S. Comorbidity of post-traumatic stress disorder with alcohol dependence among US adults: results from national epidemiological survey on alcohol and related conditions. Drug Alcohol Depend 2013;132:630–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.04.016.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

3. Sinha, R. How does stress lead to risk of alcohol relapse? Alcohol Res 2012;34:432–40.Suche in Google Scholar

4. Gilpin, NW, Weiner, JL. Neurobiology of comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol-use disorder. Genes Brain Behav 2017;16:15–43. https://doi.org/10.1111/gbb.12349.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

5. Fernández-Rodríguez, S, Cano-Cebrián, MJ, Rius-Pérez, S, Pérez, S, Guerri, C, Granero, L, et al.. Different brain oxidative and neuroinflammation status in rats during prolonged abstinence depending on their ethanol relapse-like drinking behavior: effects of ethanol reintroduction. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022;232:109284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109284.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

6. Wang, Z, Mandel, H, Levingston, CA, Young, MR. An exploratory approach demonstrating immune skewing and a loss of coordination among cytokines in plasma and saliva of Veterans with combat-related PTSD. Hum Immunol 2016;77:652–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humimm.2016.05.018.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

7. Serova, LI, Laukova, M, Alaluf, LG, Pucillo, L, Sabban, EL. Intranasal neuropeptide Y reverses anxiety and depressive-like behavior impaired by single prolonged stress PTSD model. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2014;24:142–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.11.007.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

8. Suh, J, Ressler, KJ. Common biological mechanisms of alcohol use disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. Alcohol Res 2018;39:131–45.Suche in Google Scholar

9. Shukla, PK, Meena, AS, Dalal, K, Canelas, C, Samak, G, Pierre, JF, et al.. Chronic stress and corticosterone exacerbate alcohol-induced tissue injury in the gut-liver-brain axis. Sci Rep 2021;11:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80637-y.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

10. Petrakis, IL, Simpson, TL. Post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol use disorder: a critical review of pharmacologic treatments. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017;41:226–37. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.13297.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

11. Moya-Pérez, A, Perez-Villalba, A, Benitez-Paez, A, Campillo, I, Sanz, Y. Bifidobacterium CECT 7765 modulates early stress-induced immune, neuroendocrine and behavioral alterations in mice. Brain Behav Immun 2017;65:43–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2017.05.011.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

12. Mazidi, M, Rezaie, P, Ferns, GA, Vatanparast, H. Impact of probiotic administration on serum C-reactive protein concentrations: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials. Nutrients 2017;9:20. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9010020.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

13. Leclercq, S, Forsythe, P, Bienenstock, J. Posttraumatic stress disorder: does the gut microbiome hold the key? Can J Psychiatry 2016;6:204–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/0706743716635535.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

14. Leclercq, S, Stärkel, P, Delzenne, NM, de Timary, P. The gut microbiota: a new target in the management of alcohol dependence? Alcohol 2019;74:105–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.03.005.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

15. Hill, C, Guarner, F, Reid, G, Gibson, GR, Merenstein, DJ, Pot, B, et al.. Expert consensus document: the International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics consensus statement on the scope and appropriate use of the term probiotic. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2014;11:506–14. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrgastro.2014.66.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

16. Salami, M. Interplay of good bacteria and central nervous system: cognitive aspects and mechanistic considerations. Front Neurosci 2021;15:613120. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2021.613120.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

17. Markowiak, P, Śliżewska, K. Effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on human health. Nutrients 2017;9:1021. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9091021.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

18. Panesar, PS, Shinde, C. Effect of storage on syneresis, pH, Lactobacillus acidophilus count, Bifidobacterium bifidum count of Aloe vera fortified probiotic yoghurt. Curr Res Dairy Sci 2014;4:17–23. https://doi.org/10.3923/crds.2012.17.23.Suche in Google Scholar

19. Rao, M, Gao, C, Xu, L, Jiang, L, Zhu, J, Chen, G, et al.. Effect of inulin-type carbohydrates on insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Diabetes Res 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5101423. 31534973.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

20. Huang, CH, Ho, CY, Chen, CT, Hsu, HF, Lin, YH. Probiotic BSH activity and anti-obesity potential of Lactobacillus plantarum strain TCI378 isolated from Korean Kimchi. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2019;24:434. https://doi.org/10.3746/pnf.2019.24.4.434.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

21. Akram, W, Garud, N, Joshi, R. Role of inulin as prebiotics on inflammatory bowel disease. Drug Discoveries Ther 2019;13:1–8. https://doi.org/10.5582/ddt.2019.01000.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

22. Wang, L, Shang, Q, Guo, W, Wu, X, Wu, L, Wu, L, et al.. Evaluation of the hypoglycemic effect of probiotics via directly consuming glucose in intestines of STZ-induced diabetic mice and glucose water-induced diabetic mice. J Funct Foods 2020;64:103614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2019.103614.Suche in Google Scholar

23. Chitapanarux, I, Chitapanarux, T, Traisathit, P, Kudumpee, S, Tharavichitkul, E, Lorvidhaya, V. Randomized controlled trial of live lactobacillus acidophilus plus bifidobacterium bifidum in prophylaxis of diarrhea during radiotherapy in cervical cancer patients. Radiat Oncol 2010;5:1–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-717x-5-31.Suche in Google Scholar

24. Carnicella, S, Ron, D, Barak, S. Intermittent ethanol access schedule in rats as a preclinical model of alcohol abuse. Alcohol 2014;48:243–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.alcohol.2014.01.006.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

25. Yuan, Y, Zhen, L, Li, Z, Xu, W, Leng, H, Xu, W, et al.. trans-Resveratrol ameliorates anxiety-like behaviors and neuropathic pain in mouse model of post-traumatic stress disorder. J Psychopharmacol 2020;34:726–36. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881120914221.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

26. Zheng, K, Wu, L, He, Z, Yang, B, Yang, Y. Measurement of the total protein in serum by biuret method with uncertainty evaluation. Measurement 2017;112:16–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2017.08.013.Suche in Google Scholar

27. De Leon, JA, Borges, CR. Evaluation of oxidative stress in biological samples using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay. JoVE 2020;159:e61122.Suche in Google Scholar

28. Reitman, S, Frankel, S. A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases. Am J Clin Pathol 1957;28:56–63. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/28.1.56.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

29. Jollow, DJ, Mitchell, JR, Zampaglione, N, Gillette, JR. Bromobenzene-induced liver necrosis. Protective role of glutathione and evidence for 3, 4-bromobenzene oxide as the hepatotoxic metabolite. Pharmacology 1974;11:151–69. https://doi.org/10.1159/000136485.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

30. Coimbra-Costa, D, Alva, N, Duran, M, Carbonell, T, Rama, R. Oxidative stress and apoptosis after acute respiratory hypoxia and reoxygenation in rat brain. Redox Biol 2017;12:216–25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2017.02.014.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

31. Krawisz, JE, Sharon, P, Stenson, WF. Quantitative assay for acute intestinal inflammation based on myeloperoxidase activity: assessment of inflammation in rat and hamster models. Gastroenterology 1984;87:1344–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-5085(84)90202-6.Suche in Google Scholar

32. Zhang, C, Tang, P, Xu, H, Weng, Y, Tang, Q, Zhao, H. Analysis of short-chain fatty acids in fecal samples by headspace-gas chromatography. Chromatographia 2018;81:1317–23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10337-018-3572-7.Suche in Google Scholar

33. Liguori, I, Russo, G, Curcio, F, Bulli, G, Aran, L, Della-Morte, D, et al.. Oxidative stress, aging, and diseases. Clin Interventions Aging 2018;13:757. https://doi.org/10.2147/cia.s158513.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

34. Kim, GH, Kim, JE, Rhie, SJ, Yoon, S. The role of oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. Exp Neurobiol 2015;24:325. https://doi.org/10.5607/en.2015.24.4.325.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

35. Bhat, AH, Dar, KB, Anees, S, Zargar, MA, Masood, A, Sofi, MA, et al.. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases; a mechanistic insight. Biomed Pharmacother 2015;74:101–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2015.07.025.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

36. Mutlu, EA, Gillevet, PM, Rangwala, H, Sikaroodi, M, Naqvi, A, Engen, PA, et al.. Colonic microbiome is altered in alcoholism. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2012;302:G966–78. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00380.2011.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

37. Barnes, MA, Roychowdhury, S, Nagy, LE. Innate immunity and cell death in alcoholic liver disease: role of cytochrome P4502E1. Redox Biol 2014;2:929–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.redox.2014.07.007.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

38. Ramachandra, CJ, Ja, KM, Chua, J, Cong, S, Shim, W, Hausenloy, DJ. Myeloperoxidase as a multifaceted target for cardiovascular protection. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020;32:1135–49. https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2019.7971.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

39. Chami, B, Martin, NJ, Dennis, JM, Witting, PK. Myeloperoxidase in the inflamed colon: a novel target for treating inflammatory bowel disease. Arch Biochem Biophys 2018;645:61–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2018.03.012.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

40. Roth Flach, RJ, Su, C, Bollinger, E, Cortes, C, Robertson, AW, Opsahl, AC, et al.. Myeloperoxidase inhibition in mice alters atherosclerotic lesion composition. PLoS One 2019;14:e0214150. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214150.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

41. Sugamata, R, Dobashi, H, Nagao, T, Yamamoto, KI, Nakajima, N, Sato, Y, et al.. Contribution of neutrophil-derived myeloperoxidase in the early phase of fulminant acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by influenza virus infection. Microbiol Immunol 2012;56:171–82. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1348-0421.2011.00424.x.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

42. McLoughlin, RF, Berthon, BS, Jensen, ME, Baines, KJ, Wood, LG. Short-chain fatty acids, prebiotics, synbiotics, and systemic inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 2017;106:930–45. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.117.156265.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

43. Cresci, GA, Bush, K, Nagy, LE. Tributyrin supplementation protects mice from acute ethanol-induced gut injury. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2014;38:1489–501. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.12428.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

44. Chen, S, Chen, H, Du, Q, Shen, J. Targeting myeloperoxidase (MPO) mediated oxidative stress and inflammation for reducing brain ischemia injury: potential application of natural compounds. Front Physiol 2020;11:433. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.00433.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

45. Khan, AA, Alsahli, MA, Rahmani, AH. Myeloperoxidase as an active disease biomarker: recent biochemical and pathological perspectives. Med Sci 2018;6:33. https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci6020033.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

46. Sproston, NR, Ashworth, JJ. Role of C-reactive protein at sites of inflammation and infection. Front Immunol 2018;9:754. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00754.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

47. Du Clos, TW, Mold, C. C-reactive protein: an activator of innate immunity and a modulator of adaptive immunity. Immunol Res 2004;30:261–77. https://doi.org/10.1385/ir:30:3:261.10.1385/IR:30:3:261Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

48. Uddin, M, Hossain, MS, Rahman, M, Uddin, AH, Bhuiyan, M. Elemental zinc is inversely associated with C-reactive protein and oxidative stress in chronic liver disease. Biol Trace Elem Res 2017;178:189–93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-016-0919-5.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

49. Baumeister, D, Akhtar, R, Ciufolini, S, Pariante, CM, Mondelli, V. Childhood trauma and adulthood inflammation: a meta-analysis of peripheral C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α. Mol Psychiatry 2016;21:642–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2015.67.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

50. Baruah, M. C-reactive protein (CRP) and markers of oxidative stress in acute myocardial infarction. In: Ansar, W, Ghosh, S, editors. Clinical Significance of C-reactive Protein. Singapore: Springer Nature; 2020:95–115 pp.10.1007/978-981-15-6787-2_4Suche in Google Scholar

51. Irwin, A. The dark side of light: how artificial lighting is harming the natural world. Nature 2018;553:268–71. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-018-00665-7.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

52. Cardia, GF, Silva-Filho, SE, Silva, EL, Uchida, NS, Cavalcante, HA, Cassarotti, LL, et al.. Effect of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) essential oil on acute inflammatory response. Evidence-Based Complementary Altern Med 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1413940. 29743918.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

53. Ponferrada, Á, Caso, JR, Alou, L, Colón, A, Sevillano, D, Moro, MA, et al.. The role of PPARγ on restoration of colonic homeostasis after experimental stress-induced inflammation and dysfunction. Gastroenterology 2007;132:1791–803. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2007.02.032.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

54. Chambers, ES, Morrison, DJ, Frost, G. Control of appetite and energy intake by SCFA: what are the potential underlying mechanisms? Proc Nutr Soc 2015;74:328–36. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0029665114001657.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

55. Hu, J, Lin, S, Zheng, B, Cheung, PC. Short-chain fatty acids in control of energy metabolism. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018;58:1243–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2016.1245650.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

56. Wang, J, Ji, H, Wang, S, Liu, H, Zhang, W, Zhang, D, et al.. Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum promotes intestinal barrier function by strengthening the epithelium and modulating gut microbiota. Front Microbiol 2018;9:1953. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01953.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

57. Nielsen, TS, Jensen, BB, Purup, S, Jackson, S, Saarinen, M, Lyra, A, et al.. A search for synbiotics: effects of enzymatically modified arabinoxylan and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens on short-chain fatty acids in the cecum content and plasma of rats. Food Funct 2016;7:1839–48. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6fo00114a.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed

58. Li, X, Akhtar, S, Choudhry, MA. Alteration in intestine tight junction protein phosphorylation and apoptosis is associated with increase in IL-18 levels following alcohol intoxication and burn injury. Biochim Biophys Acta 2012;1822:196–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.09.019.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

59. Chaudhry, KK, Samak, G, Shukla, PK, Mir, H, Gangwar, R, Manda, B, et al.. ALDH2 deficiency promotes ethanol-induced gut barrier dysfunction and fatty liver in mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2015;39:1465–75. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.12777.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

60. Mir, H, Meena, AS, Chaudhry, KK, Shukla, PK, Gangwar, R, Manda, B, et al.. Occludin deficiency promotes ethanol-induced disruption of colonic epithelial junctions, gut barrier dysfunction and liver damage in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta 2016;1860:765–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.12.013.Suche in Google Scholar PubMed PubMed Central

Supplementary Material

This article contains supplementary material (https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2022-0353).

Received: 2022-09-29
Accepted: 2022-11-29
Published Online: 2022-12-21

© 2022 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Does acupuncture improve sexual dysfunction? A systematic review
  4. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease – discussed under the light of Unani medicine
  5. Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Celastrus paniculatus Wild.: a nootropic drug
  6. Low back pain patients’ perceived effectiveness of utilizing complementary and alternative medicine: a systematic review of qualitative studies
  7. Efficacy and tolerability of Lavandula angustifolia in treating patients with the diagnosis of depression: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
  8. Research Articles
  9. Psychobiotic interventions attenuate chronic alcohol use-mediated exacerbation of posttraumatic stress disorder in rats: the role of gut-liver axis response
  10. Evaluation of the toxicity of crude aqueous Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) Singer extract in mice
  11. Effects of crude methanol extract of Adansonia digitata fruit pulp on Naja nigricollis venom-induce toxicity in Wistar rats
  12. Integrative medicine approaches to chronic depression: case studies of the recovery process with a three-step path to recovery and significant cure
  13. Antimicrobial, anti-adhesion, anti-biofilm properties of goji berry (Lycium barbarum) against periodontal bacteria: potential benefits for periodontal diseases
  14. Method development and validation for quantification of six bioactive compounds (andrographolide, columbin, piperine, gallic, paracoumaric and oleanolic acids) by HPTLC
  15. Gallic acid a flavonoid isolated from Euphorbia hirta antagonizes gamma radiation induced radiotoxicity in lymphocytes in vitro
  16. Naturopathic knowledge and approaches to managing endometriosis: a cross-sectional survey of naturopaths with experience in endometriosis care
  17. Halimeda gracilis (Kadarpassi chooranam) Phytochemical analysis and biological significance – a novel Siddha drug
  18. Trends in the St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) research literature: a bibliometric analysis
  19. Use and perception of complementary and alternative medicine among Iranian psychologists
  20. Innovative histological and histochemical characterization of tongue biopsies from patients with burning mouth syndrome
  21. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial to evaluate the effect of EstroSense® on 2-hydroxyestrone:16α-hydroxyestrone ratio in premenopausal women
  22. Comparing the influence of foot reflexology and fasting mimicking diet on quality of life and sleep quality in obesity hypoventilation syndrome
  23. The effects of Cynodon dactylon (Poaceae family) and Dolichos biflorus (Fabaceae family) extracts on decreasing size and excretion of kidney and urinary tract stones: a randomized, double-blind controlled trial
  24. Role of Bifidobacterium spp. intake in improving depressive mood and well-being and its link to kynurenine blood level: an interventional study
  25. A randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate safety and efficacy of a Unani formulation in the management of Kalaf (Melasma)
  26. Impact of yoga and physical exercise on psychological wellbeing among substance abusers: a randomized controlled trial
  27. A non-inferiority randomized controlled clinical trial comparing Unani formulations and PUVAsol in non-segmental vitiligo
  28. Efficacy of individualized homeopathic medicines in primary dysmenorrhea: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial
  29. A comparative study of chemical constituents and safety of Thai herbal medicated oil formula and traditional medicated oil
  30. Efficacy of Ayurvedic treatment protocol in gouty arthritis – a clinical study
  31. Knowledge, attitude and perception of complementary and alternative system of medicine in Tamilnadu and Pudhucherry, South India
  32. Discussion Forum
  33. Time to say good-bye? Homeopathy, skeptics and thoughts on how to proceed
  34. Congress Abstracts
  35. 2022 INCAM Research Symposium
https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2022-0353
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
alcohol-use disorder; gut-liver axis; oxidative stress; post-traumatic stress disorder; probiotics; synbiotic

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Reviews
  3. Does acupuncture improve sexual dysfunction? A systematic review
  4. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease – discussed under the light of Unani medicine
  5. Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Celastrus paniculatus Wild.: a nootropic drug
  6. Low back pain patients’ perceived effectiveness of utilizing complementary and alternative medicine: a systematic review of qualitative studies
  7. Efficacy and tolerability of Lavandula angustifolia in treating patients with the diagnosis of depression: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
  8. Research Articles
  9. Psychobiotic interventions attenuate chronic alcohol use-mediated exacerbation of posttraumatic stress disorder in rats: the role of gut-liver axis response
  10. Evaluation of the toxicity of crude aqueous Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) Singer extract in mice
  11. Effects of crude methanol extract of Adansonia digitata fruit pulp on Naja nigricollis venom-induce toxicity in Wistar rats
  12. Integrative medicine approaches to chronic depression: case studies of the recovery process with a three-step path to recovery and significant cure
  13. Antimicrobial, anti-adhesion, anti-biofilm properties of goji berry (Lycium barbarum) against periodontal bacteria: potential benefits for periodontal diseases
  14. Method development and validation for quantification of six bioactive compounds (andrographolide, columbin, piperine, gallic, paracoumaric and oleanolic acids) by HPTLC
  15. Gallic acid a flavonoid isolated from Euphorbia hirta antagonizes gamma radiation induced radiotoxicity in lymphocytes in vitro
  16. Naturopathic knowledge and approaches to managing endometriosis: a cross-sectional survey of naturopaths with experience in endometriosis care
  17. Halimeda gracilis (Kadarpassi chooranam) Phytochemical analysis and biological significance – a novel Siddha drug
  18. Trends in the St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) research literature: a bibliometric analysis
  19. Use and perception of complementary and alternative medicine among Iranian psychologists
  20. Innovative histological and histochemical characterization of tongue biopsies from patients with burning mouth syndrome
  21. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial to evaluate the effect of EstroSense® on 2-hydroxyestrone:16α-hydroxyestrone ratio in premenopausal women
  22. Comparing the influence of foot reflexology and fasting mimicking diet on quality of life and sleep quality in obesity hypoventilation syndrome
  23. The effects of Cynodon dactylon (Poaceae family) and Dolichos biflorus (Fabaceae family) extracts on decreasing size and excretion of kidney and urinary tract stones: a randomized, double-blind controlled trial
  24. Role of Bifidobacterium spp. intake in improving depressive mood and well-being and its link to kynurenine blood level: an interventional study
  25. A randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate safety and efficacy of a Unani formulation in the management of Kalaf (Melasma)
  26. Impact of yoga and physical exercise on psychological wellbeing among substance abusers: a randomized controlled trial
  27. A non-inferiority randomized controlled clinical trial comparing Unani formulations and PUVAsol in non-segmental vitiligo
  28. Efficacy of individualized homeopathic medicines in primary dysmenorrhea: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial
  29. A comparative study of chemical constituents and safety of Thai herbal medicated oil formula and traditional medicated oil
  30. Efficacy of Ayurvedic treatment protocol in gouty arthritis – a clinical study
  31. Knowledge, attitude and perception of complementary and alternative system of medicine in Tamilnadu and Pudhucherry, South India
  32. Discussion Forum
  33. Time to say good-bye? Homeopathy, skeptics and thoughts on how to proceed
  34. Congress Abstracts
  35. 2022 INCAM Research Symposium
Jetzt anmelden und 20% sparen
Institutioneller Zugang
Wie funktioniert Authentifizierung?
Haben Sie eine Idee, wie wir unsere Website verbessern können?
Bitte schreiben Sie uns.
© 2025 De Gruyter Brill
Heruntergeladen am 7.11.2025 von https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/jcim-2022-0353/html?lang=de
Button zum nach oben scrollen