Evaluation of the toxicity of crude aqueous Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) Singer extract in mice

Sarah Princess Edoh; Dahiru Sani; Christian Emeka Mbah; Hindatu Yusuf; Kelvin Olutimilehin Jolayemi; Mohammad Kamal Ibrahim

doi:10.1515/jcim-2022-0306

Article

Evaluation of the toxicity of crude aqueous Pleurotus tuber-regium (Fr.) Singer extract in mice

Sarah Princess Edoh , Dahiru Sani , Christian Emeka Mbah , Hindatu Yusuf , Kelvin Olutimilehin Jolayemi and Mohammad Kamal Ibrahim

Published/Copyright: December 1, 2022

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From the journal Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine Volume 20 Issue 1

Abstract

Objectives

The study aimed to determine the phytochemical profile and safety of the aqueous extract of Pleurotus tuber regium using laboratory animal model.

Methods

The pulverized sample was macerated with water and allowed to stand for 24 h, then filtered. Preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening was carried out on the crude extract and LD₅₀ determination was done using standard procedures. Haematological and serum biochemical parameters to assess the kidney and liver functions were carried out using standard methods.

Results

The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, phenolic compounds, tannins, steroids, carbohydrates, flavonoids and terpenoids. However, anthraquinones were observed to be absent in the extracts. The LD₅₀ of the extract was found to be greater than 5,000 mg/kg when administered orally with no physical signs of toxicity and death over the 14-day period. There was no significant (p>0.05) increase in the level of serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine (p<0.05) when compared to the control group. There was a significant (p<0.05) increase in the total white blood cells of the mice administered with P. tuber-regium.

Conclusions

This study showed that P. tuber-regium (Fr.) Singer does not possess toxic principles, hence, the wide safety margin observed in the mice.

Keywords: acute oral toxicity; haematology; histopathology; mice; Pleurotus tuber-regium

Corresponding author: Dahiru Sani, Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, Phone: +2348064026034, E-mail: mdsani77@gmail.com, dsani@abu.edu.ng

Research funding: No funding was obtained for this research.
Author contributions: Sarah Princess Edoh: Conceptuali-zation, Investigation. Dahiru Sani: Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review and editing. Christian Emeka Mbah: Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – review and editing. Hindatu Yusuf: Biochemical interpretation, Writing – review & editing. Kelvin Olutimilehin Jolayemi: Formal analysis, Visualization, Data curation Mohammad Kamal Ibrahim: Investigation.
Competing interests: None to be declared.
Ethical approval: All procedures performed in studies involving animals were in accordance with the ethical standards of the tenets of Helsinki declaration and has been approved by Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Committee on Animal Use and Care with the approval number ABUCAUC/2022/011.

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Received: 2022-08-14

Accepted: 2022-11-15

Published Online: 2022-12-01

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Articles in the same Issue

https://doi.org/10.1515/jcim-2022-0306

Keywords for this article

acute oral toxicity; haematology; histopathology; mice; Pleurotus tuber-regium