Gallic acid a flavonoid isolated from Euphorbia hirta antagonizes gamma radiation induced radiotoxicity in lymphocytes in vitro
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Ramesh Chakka
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Ravichandra Vadaguru Dakshinamurthy
Abstract
Objectives
The current study was executed to isolate and evaluate gallic acid from Euphorbia hirta for in vitro radioprotective potentials against gamma irradiation caused radiotoxicity in human lymphocytes.
Methods
The defatted E. hirta plant material was treated to methanol extraction using the soxhlet device. Bioflavonoids were isolated from the E. hirta methanol extract using column chromatography. In human cells exhibited to gamma radiation, separated flavonoid gallic acid was examined for in vitro radioprotective potentials using the micronucleus test, DNA fragmentation assay, superoxide free radical scavenging method, and apoptic assay.
Results
The frequency of micronuclei was considerably declined when cells were preprocessed with gallic acid (25 g/mL) before being exhibited to 2 Gy gamma radiation, as determined by the cytokinesis blocked micronucleus test. Similarly, pre-gamma radiation treatment of human cells with gallic acid led in markedly less DNA injury, as assessed by comet metrics like olive tail moment and percent tail DNA. Gallic acid (25 g/mL) given to lymphocytes prior to gamma irradiation considerably decreased the percentage of apoptotic bodies. Gallic acid also considerably lowered the reactive oxygen species concentrations elicited by gamma radiation.
Conclusions
Our findings showed that gallic acid protects lymphocytes isolated from human blood from gamma radiation-induced DNA destruction and anti-apoptotic activity, which could be because of inhibition of free radicals formed by gamma radiation as well as the decline of gamma radiation-induced oxidative stress.
Acknowledgments
The authors of current manuscript are greatful to The Management and The Principal, East West College of Pharmacy, Bangalore for providing required facilities and support to conduct this research work.
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Research funding: None.
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Author contributions: All of the authors were equally involved in every part of the current research endeavour and have provided their agreement to submit the manuscript to your renowned magazine for publication.
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Competing interests: We state that there are no competing interests.
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Informed consent: Not applicable.
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Ethical approval: Not applicable.
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- Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Celastrus paniculatus Wild.: a nootropic drug
- Low back pain patients’ perceived effectiveness of utilizing complementary and alternative medicine: a systematic review of qualitative studies
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- Psychobiotic interventions attenuate chronic alcohol use-mediated exacerbation of posttraumatic stress disorder in rats: the role of gut-liver axis response
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