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Application of factor analysis in electron spectrometry (AES, XPS) for materials science

  • Stefan Baunack EMAIL logo and Steffen Oswald
Published/Copyright: February 16, 2022
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International Journal of Materials Research
From the journal International Journal of Materials Research Volume 96 Issue 9

Abstract

Electron spectroscopic methods as X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) and Auger electron spectrometry (AES) are well established in the field of thin-film and surface analysis. In the measured spectral information, always also chemical information on the sample is contained. It is discussed that often chemometrical methods are the only way to extract such (hidden) information from the measured data sets. We demonstrate for AES and XPS measurements, how factor analysis (FA) can help to derive chemical information at Ti-based material developed for body implants. An introduction to the methodology is given, and challenges and restrictions are discussed.

Keywords: Auger electron spectrometry; Photoelectron spectrometry; Principal components analysis; Titanium alloys; Body implants; Implantation; Image analysis
Dr. Stefan Baunack IFW Dresden, Leibniz-Institut für Festkörper- und Werkstoffforschung Dresden Postfach 27 01 16, D-01171 Dresden, Germany Tel.: +49 351 4659 387 Fax: +49 351 4659 452

Dedicated to Professor Dr. Dr. h. c. Klaus Wetzig on the occasion of his 65th birthday

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Received: 2005-04-18
Accepted: 2005-06-21
Published Online: 2022-02-16

© 2005 Carl Hanser Verlag, München

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Kösterpreis
  3. Award/Preisverleihung
  4. Editorial
  5. Editorial
  6. Articles Basic
  7. Effect of interface strength on electromigration-induced inlaid copper interconnect degradation: Experiment and simulation
  8. Application of factor analysis in electron spectrometry (AES, XPS) for materials science
  9. Focussing and defocussing effects at radio frequency glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy analyses of thin films with partly nonconductive components
  10. Semi-flexible star-shaped molecules: conformational analysis of nano-segregated mesogens forming columnar liquid-crystal phases
  11. Articles Applied
  12. Structure, properties and applications of diamond-like carbon coatings prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering
  13. Local texture and back-end defect in hot extruded AZ91 magnesium alloy
  14. A comparison of thermal stability in nanocrystalline Ni- and Co-based materials
  15. Microstructure and phase formation of Heusler thin film compounds
  16. Correlation between the average composition of coherent superlattice and the GMR properties of electrodeposited Co–Cu/Cu multilayers
  17. Articles Basic
  18. Towards a description of complex pearlite structures
  19. Modeling of axial strain in free-end torsion of textured copper
  20. Vacancies in plastically deformed copper
  21. An analytic and generalized formulation of the sin2 ψ-method
  22. Nanoindentation applied on a tungsten–copper composite before and after high-pressure torsion
  23. Articles Applied
  24. The local deformation behaviour of MMCs – an experimental study
  25. X-ray elastic constants determined by the combination of sin2 ψ and substrate-curvature methods
  26. Combining complementary techniques to study precipitates in steels
  27. Precipitation hardening in Mg–Zn–Sn alloys with minor additions of Ca and Si
  28. Notifications/Mitteilungen
  29. Personal
https://doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2005-0170
Keywords for this article
Auger electron spectrometry; Photoelectron spectrometry; Principal components analysis; Titanium alloys; Body implants; Implantation; Image analysis

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Frontmatter
  2. Kösterpreis
  3. Award/Preisverleihung
  4. Editorial
  5. Editorial
  6. Articles Basic
  7. Effect of interface strength on electromigration-induced inlaid copper interconnect degradation: Experiment and simulation
  8. Application of factor analysis in electron spectrometry (AES, XPS) for materials science
  9. Focussing and defocussing effects at radio frequency glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy analyses of thin films with partly nonconductive components
  10. Semi-flexible star-shaped molecules: conformational analysis of nano-segregated mesogens forming columnar liquid-crystal phases
  11. Articles Applied
  12. Structure, properties and applications of diamond-like carbon coatings prepared by reactive magnetron sputtering
  13. Local texture and back-end defect in hot extruded AZ91 magnesium alloy
  14. A comparison of thermal stability in nanocrystalline Ni- and Co-based materials
  15. Microstructure and phase formation of Heusler thin film compounds
  16. Correlation between the average composition of coherent superlattice and the GMR properties of electrodeposited Co–Cu/Cu multilayers
  17. Articles Basic
  18. Towards a description of complex pearlite structures
  19. Modeling of axial strain in free-end torsion of textured copper
  20. Vacancies in plastically deformed copper
  21. An analytic and generalized formulation of the sin2 ψ-method
  22. Nanoindentation applied on a tungsten–copper composite before and after high-pressure torsion
  23. Articles Applied
  24. The local deformation behaviour of MMCs – an experimental study
  25. X-ray elastic constants determined by the combination of sin2 ψ and substrate-curvature methods
  26. Combining complementary techniques to study precipitates in steels
  27. Precipitation hardening in Mg–Zn–Sn alloys with minor additions of Ca and Si
  28. Notifications/Mitteilungen
  29. Personal
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