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Status of metal pollution in rivers flowing through urban settlements at Pune and its effect on resident microflora

  • Neelu Nawani EMAIL logo , Aminur Rahman , Noor Nahar , Anandakumar Saha , Balasaheb Kapadnis and Abul Mandal
Published/Copyright: June 16, 2016
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Biologia
From the journal Biologia Volume 71 Issue 5

Abstract

This study illustrates the sporadic distribution of metals in fluvial systems flowing from catchments to urban settlements. This is a detailed study prognosticating the deteriorating quality of rivers at specific locations due to metal pollution. Heavy metals like cadmium, lead, nickel and mercury are prominent in industrial sector. Contour plots derived using spatial and temporal data could determine the focal point of metal pollution and its gradation. Metal values recorded were cadmium 157 mg/L, lead 47 mg/L, nickel 61 mg/L and mercury 0.56 mg/L. Prokaryote diversity was less in polluted water and it harboured metal tolerant bacteria, which were isolated from these polluted sites. Actinomycetes like Streptomyces and several other bacteria like Stenotrophomonas and Pseudomonas isolated from the polluted river sites exhibited changes in morphology in presence of heavy metals. This stress response offered remedial measures as Streptomyces were effective in biosorption of cadmium, nickel and lead and Stenotrophomonas and Pseudomonas were effective in the bioaccumulation of lead and cadmium. Eighty-nine mg of lead and 106 mg of nickel could be adsorbed on one gram of Streptomyces biomass-based biosorbent. Such biological remedies can be further explored to remove metals from polluted sites and from metal contaminated industrial or waste waters.

Key words: diversity; metal pollution; bioremediation; morphological changes; bacteria; actinomycetes; Pune rivers; prokaryote

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the financial grant from Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, Sweden, under grant AKT-2010-018. The authors are thankful to their respective organizations for the infrastructure support. The authors gratefully acknowledge Dr. Pramod Patil and Mr. Anup More, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, India, for their generous help in scanning electron microscopy, and SAIF-IIT, Mumbai, India, for SEM-EDS facility.

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Abbreviations
AAS

atomic adsorption spectrophotometer

EC

electrical conductivity

ICP-MS

inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer

IZ

industrial zone

NMDS

non-metric dimensional scaling

PAT

phylogenetic assignment tool

PCA

principal component analysis

SEM

scanning electron microscopy

SEM-EDS

scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

T-RFLP

terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism

UP

upstream

Received: 2015-12-24
Accepted: 2016-5-9
Published Online: 2016-6-16
Published in Print: 2016-5-1

© 2016 Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences Status of metal pollution in rivers at Pune

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https://doi.org/10.1515/biolog-2016-0074
Keywords for this article
diversity; metal pollution; bioremediation; morphological changes; bacteria; actinomycetes; Pune rivers; prokaryote

Articles in the same Issue

  1. Cellular and Molecular Biology
  2. A broad host range food-grade cloning vector for lactic acid bacteria
  3. Cellular and Molecular Biology
  4. Antimicrobial and morphogenic effects of emodin produced by A spergillus awamori WAIR120
  5. Cellular and Molecular Biology
  6. Herbal augmentation enhances malachite green bio degradation efficacy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
  7. Cellular and Molecular Biology
  8. Efflux pump inhibitory activity of flavonoids isolated from Alpinia calcarata against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
  9. Cellular and Molecular Biology
  10. Status of metal pollution in rivers flowing through urban settlements at Pune and its effect on resident microflora
  11. Cellular and Molecular Biology
  12. Use of N, N′-diacetylchitobiose in decreasing toxic effects of indoor air pollution by preventing oxidative DNA damage
  13. Botany
  14. The relationship between macrophyte assemblages and environmental variables in drainage and irrigation canals in Slovakia
  15. Botany
  16. Effects of ZnCl2 on ROS generation, plasma membrane properties, and changes in protein expression in grapevine root explants
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  32. Ependymal tables designated for differentiation of the ependyma based on the adjacent periventricular structures
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