Startseite Efflux pump inhibitory activity of flavonoids isolated from Alpinia calcarata against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
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Efflux pump inhibitory activity of flavonoids isolated from Alpinia calcarata against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

  • Harmandeep K. Randhawa , Kanwarpreet K. Hundal , Pallavi N. Ahirrao EMAIL logo , Sanjay M. Jachak und Hemraj S. Nandanwar EMAIL logo
Veröffentlicht/Copyright: 16. Juni 2016
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Biologia
Aus der Zeitschrift Biologia Band 71 Heft 5

Abstract

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium responsible for several infections in humans. The infections caused by this bacterial strain are difficult to treat due to the resistance of MRSA to clinically used antibiotics. Several medicinal plants extracts and their phytoconstituents have been reported to possess modulation and efflux pump inhibitory (EPI) activity against MRSA strains. Alpinia calcarata rhizomes have been reported to be used in Ayurveda for several ailments including fungal infections. Based on this information and in continuation with our efforts to discover EPIs from Indian medicinal plants, we describe EPI activity of flavonoids isolated from A. calcarata. Galangin and kaempferol showed ≥ 32-fold modulation in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ethidium bromide (EtBr) as well as norfloxacin in NorA-overexpressed S. aureus (SA-1199B) strain. Pinocembrin showed 32-fold modulation of EtBr MIC in SA-1199 strain, but not in SA-1199B and K1758 strains. A significant diference was not observed in the modulation of norfloxacin MIC by galangin in SA-1199 and SA-1199B strains, which may be due to non-specific nature of galangin as modulator or EPI. However, kaempferol modulated the MIC of EtBr as well as norfloxacin 64-fold and 32-fold, respectively. Also, the best modulatory effect of kaempferol was observed only in SA-1199B strain compared to two other strains. The EPI activity of kaempferol and galangin were found to be competitive with respect to verapamil. In dose-response assay, kaempferol at 31.25 μg/mL concentration was found to be better EPI by inhibiting NorA pump in SA-1199B strain and also demonstrated further confocal microscopy.

Key words: Alpinia calcarata; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; efflux pump inhibitory; galangin; kaempferol; pinocembrin

Acknowledgements

HKR thankful to CSIR’s network project (BSC-121) for the project fellowship, HSN is thankful to CSIR, India, for funding through its network project (BSC-121).

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Abbreviations
CC

column chromatography

DMSO

dimethyl sulfoxide

EPI

efflux pump inhibitory

EtBr

ethidium bromide

FIC

fractional inhibitory concentration

FICI

fractional inhibitory concentration index

MHB

Mueller-Hinton growth medium

MIC

minimum inhibitory concentration

MF

modulation factor

MRSA

methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus;

MTT

3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide

TLC

thin layer chromatography.

Received: 2015-12-21
Accepted: 2016-4-14
Published Online: 2016-6-16
Published in Print: 2016-5-1

© 2016 Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences

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https://doi.org/10.1515/biolog-2016-0073
Schlagwörter für diesen Artikel
Alpinia calcarata; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; efflux pump inhibitory; galangin; kaempferol; pinocembrin

Artikel in diesem Heft

  1. Cellular and Molecular Biology
  2. A broad host range food-grade cloning vector for lactic acid bacteria
  3. Cellular and Molecular Biology
  4. Antimicrobial and morphogenic effects of emodin produced by A spergillus awamori WAIR120
  5. Cellular and Molecular Biology
  6. Herbal augmentation enhances malachite green bio degradation efficacy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
  7. Cellular and Molecular Biology
  8. Efflux pump inhibitory activity of flavonoids isolated from Alpinia calcarata against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
  9. Cellular and Molecular Biology
  10. Status of metal pollution in rivers flowing through urban settlements at Pune and its effect on resident microflora
  11. Cellular and Molecular Biology
  12. Use of N, N′-diacetylchitobiose in decreasing toxic effects of indoor air pollution by preventing oxidative DNA damage
  13. Botany
  14. The relationship between macrophyte assemblages and environmental variables in drainage and irrigation canals in Slovakia
  15. Botany
  16. Effects of ZnCl2 on ROS generation, plasma membrane properties, and changes in protein expression in grapevine root explants
  17. Botany
  18. Molecular characterization and alternative splicing of a MYB transcription factor gene in tumourous stem mustard and its response to abiotic stresses
  19. Zoology
  20. First report of Gussevia asota (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae), destructive parasite of A stronotus ocellatus (Perciformes: Cichlidae) in Europe
  21. Zoology
  22. Response of the carpet shell clam (Ruditapes decussatus) and the Manila clam (Ruditapes philippinarum) to salinity stress
  23. Zoology
  24. Biodiversity of zooplankton (Rotifera and crustacea) in water soldier (Stratiotes aloides) habitats
  25. Zoology
  26. Testing for longitudinal zonation of macroinvertebrate fauna along a small upland headwater stream in two seasons
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