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Chapter 8 Study of some physico chemical properties of plastic clays belonging to Girujan deposits from Chumoukedima Nagaland, India and their prospective industrial applications

  • Chubaakum Pongener , Koweteu Sekhamo and Rajib Lochan Goswamee
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Industrial Waste
This chapter is in the book Industrial Waste

Abstract

Highly clayey soil samples collected from its native locations in Chumoukedima area of south western part of Nagaland, India, on detailed mineralogical and physico-chemical characterisation showed that they possess different important properties of good quality plastic clay having immense industrial prospects. The argillaceous samples after air drying, ball milling and sieving were subjected to various classical as well as high end instrumental analysis. FT-IR spectroscopy was used to provide information of various functional groups present. Oriented powder-XRD combined with ethylene glycol intercalation showed that it mainly consisted of kaolin, illite, traces of quartz, muscovite, rutile and absence of any swelling clay. SEM-EDXA showed presence of stacked layers having nano pores in the basal planes, important from the catalyst perspectives. Solid state NMR supported by XPS analysis data gave the finer structural details of important constituent ions like Si, Al and Fe. Isomorphous substitution of Si4+ by Al3+ in the clay tetrahedral layers results in generation of a negative surface charge. This is supported by Zeta potential measurements as well as high hydrational nature of causing higher Atterberg plasticity index. The results of particle size distribution combined with Winkler diagram analysis showed the highly plastic clay samples suitable for thin walled hollow brick production.

Abstract

Highly clayey soil samples collected from its native locations in Chumoukedima area of south western part of Nagaland, India, on detailed mineralogical and physico-chemical characterisation showed that they possess different important properties of good quality plastic clay having immense industrial prospects. The argillaceous samples after air drying, ball milling and sieving were subjected to various classical as well as high end instrumental analysis. FT-IR spectroscopy was used to provide information of various functional groups present. Oriented powder-XRD combined with ethylene glycol intercalation showed that it mainly consisted of kaolin, illite, traces of quartz, muscovite, rutile and absence of any swelling clay. SEM-EDXA showed presence of stacked layers having nano pores in the basal planes, important from the catalyst perspectives. Solid state NMR supported by XPS analysis data gave the finer structural details of important constituent ions like Si, Al and Fe. Isomorphous substitution of Si4+ by Al3+ in the clay tetrahedral layers results in generation of a negative surface charge. This is supported by Zeta potential measurements as well as high hydrational nature of causing higher Atterberg plasticity index. The results of particle size distribution combined with Winkler diagram analysis showed the highly plastic clay samples suitable for thin walled hollow brick production.

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Contents V
  3. List of Authors IX
  4. Part 1: Measurement and properties
  5. Chapter 1 Characterization of supplementary cementitious materials and their quantification in cement blends by solid-state NMR 3
  6. Chapter 2 Mineralogical quantification of cements, wastes and supplementary cementitious materials 33
  7. Chapter 3 Microstructure analysis with quantitative phase mapping using SEM-EDS and Phase Recognition and Characterization (PARC) Software: applied to steelmaking slag 57
  8. Chapter 4 The use of μXRF in the characterization of industrial wastes and pozzolanes 97
  9. Part 2: Characterization of industrial residues
  10. Chapter 5 Characterization of supplementary cementitious materials: Brown coal fly ashes 165
  11. Chapter 6 Iron and steel slags: from wastes to by-products of high technical, economical and ecological advantages 203
  12. Chapter 7 Utilization of Supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) in Portland cement, alkali activated and ternary binders 253
  13. Chapter 8 Study of some physico chemical properties of plastic clays belonging to Girujan deposits from Chumoukedima Nagaland, India and their prospective industrial applications 297
  14. Part 3: Use and application of industrial residues
  15. Chapter 9 Conversion of CO2 into useful products 319
  16. Chapter 10 Mine tailings as precursors for alkali-activated materials and ettringite binders 345
  17. Chapter 11 Industrial waste as fuel and raw material in the cement industry 361
  18. Chapter 12 Fly ash from municipal solid waste Incineration: from industrial residue to resource for zinc 379
  19. Chapter 13 Residues of industrial wastewater treatment: Hazardous waste or anthropogenic resource? 403
  20. Chapter 14 Composites of some sustainable siliceous materials for the removal of fluoride from ground water and immobilization of the sludge generated 433
  21. Part 4: Residues from mining
  22. Chapter 15 Characterization and mineral processing options of “Kupferschiefer”-type low-grade black shale ore from mining dumps in Central Germany 455
  23. Chapter 16 Rare-earth elements in phosphogypsum and mineral processing residues from phosphate-rich weathered alkaline ultramafic rocks, Brazil 505
  24. Chapter 17 The Mn oxides tailing from Amazon Region as low-cost raw material to synthesis of shigaite-type phase 541
  25. Chapter 18 Eco-cements out of Belterra Clay: An extensive Brazilian bauxite overburden to produce low-CO2 eco-friendly calcium sulphoaluminate based cements 553
  26. Index 581
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110674941-008

Chapters in this book

  1. Frontmatter I
  2. Contents V
  3. List of Authors IX
  4. Part 1: Measurement and properties
  5. Chapter 1 Characterization of supplementary cementitious materials and their quantification in cement blends by solid-state NMR 3
  6. Chapter 2 Mineralogical quantification of cements, wastes and supplementary cementitious materials 33
  7. Chapter 3 Microstructure analysis with quantitative phase mapping using SEM-EDS and Phase Recognition and Characterization (PARC) Software: applied to steelmaking slag 57
  8. Chapter 4 The use of μXRF in the characterization of industrial wastes and pozzolanes 97
  9. Part 2: Characterization of industrial residues
  10. Chapter 5 Characterization of supplementary cementitious materials: Brown coal fly ashes 165
  11. Chapter 6 Iron and steel slags: from wastes to by-products of high technical, economical and ecological advantages 203
  12. Chapter 7 Utilization of Supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) in Portland cement, alkali activated and ternary binders 253
  13. Chapter 8 Study of some physico chemical properties of plastic clays belonging to Girujan deposits from Chumoukedima Nagaland, India and their prospective industrial applications 297
  14. Part 3: Use and application of industrial residues
  15. Chapter 9 Conversion of CO2 into useful products 319
  16. Chapter 10 Mine tailings as precursors for alkali-activated materials and ettringite binders 345
  17. Chapter 11 Industrial waste as fuel and raw material in the cement industry 361
  18. Chapter 12 Fly ash from municipal solid waste Incineration: from industrial residue to resource for zinc 379
  19. Chapter 13 Residues of industrial wastewater treatment: Hazardous waste or anthropogenic resource? 403
  20. Chapter 14 Composites of some sustainable siliceous materials for the removal of fluoride from ground water and immobilization of the sludge generated 433
  21. Part 4: Residues from mining
  22. Chapter 15 Characterization and mineral processing options of “Kupferschiefer”-type low-grade black shale ore from mining dumps in Central Germany 455
  23. Chapter 16 Rare-earth elements in phosphogypsum and mineral processing residues from phosphate-rich weathered alkaline ultramafic rocks, Brazil 505
  24. Chapter 17 The Mn oxides tailing from Amazon Region as low-cost raw material to synthesis of shigaite-type phase 541
  25. Chapter 18 Eco-cements out of Belterra Clay: An extensive Brazilian bauxite overburden to produce low-CO2 eco-friendly calcium sulphoaluminate based cements 553
  26. Index 581
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